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| 4. |
- Bengmark, Stig, et al.
(författare)
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Advanced glycation and lipoxidation end products - Amplifiers of inflammation: The role of food
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - 1699-5198. ; 22:6, s. 625-640
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic diseases (CD) represent the main cause of mortality in developed countries. The increase in the prevalence of of CD is associated with changes in lifestyle habits, including those related to the consumption of processed foodstuffs. In these foods advanced glycation end products (AGE) and advanced lipoperoxydation products (ALE) are formed as a consequence of the reactivity of proteins, carbohydrates, lipid and other components. The aim of the present review is to offer a perspective of how AGE and ALE. affect the physiology and development of CD. Continous intake of AGE and ALE contributes to the exccesive accumulation of these products into body tissues, which in turn negatively influence the innate immune system, inflammatory responses, and resistance to diseases. This is achieved by direct interaction of AGE and ALE with specific cell AGE receptors (RAGE) that have a key role as master switches regulating the development of CD. Long-life molecules, namely collagen and myelin, and low-turnover tissues, e.g. connective, bone and neural tissues,are the main targets of AGE and ALE. In these tissues, AGE and ALE lead to the synthesis of insoluble compounds that severely alter cellular functionality. It has been reported associations of AGE and ALE with allergic and autoimmune diseases, Alzheimer disease and other degenerative disorders, catarats, atherosclerosis, cancer, and diabetes mellitus type 2, as well as a number of endocrine, gastrointestinal, skeleton-muscle, and urogenital alterations. Controlling all those pathologies would need further dietary recommendations aiming to limit the intake of processed foods rich in AGE and ALE, as well as to reduce the formation of those products by improving technological processes applicable to foods.
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- Bengmark, Stig
(författare)
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Modulation by enteral nutrition of the acute phase response and immune functions.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - 1699-5198. ; 18:1, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To use nutrition in order to limit the negative consequences of physical and mental stress is not new. Recent advances in immunology and particularly in the understanding of the chemical language used to communicate both by eukarytic and prokarotic cells has made it easier to objectively evaluate effects of various immunomodulating efforts including the use of nutrients, vitamins and antioxidants in preventing or limiting the development of disease and its late consequences.
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- Hammes, T. O., et al.
(författare)
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Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG reduces hepatic fibrosis in a model of chronic liver disease in rats
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nutricion Hospitalaria. - : ARAN Ediciones. - 0212-1611 .- 1699-5198. ; 34:3, s. 702-709
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The intestinal dysbiosis is common in chronic liver disease and can induce to inflammatory responses and mediate the collagen deposition in the liver. Aim: To evaluate the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) for the treatment of liver fibrosis in a model of chronic cholestatic liver disease in rats. Methods: Male adult Wistar rats (n = 29) were submitted to common bile duct ligation (BDL groups) or manipulation of common bile duct without ligation (Ctrl groups).Two weeks after surgery, each group was randomly divided to receive 1 ml of PBS (Ctrl and BDL) or PBS containing 2.5 x 10(7) CFU of LGG (Ctrl-P and BDL-P) through gavages for 14 days. Euthanasia occurred 33 days after surgery when samples of blood and liver tissue were collected. Results: The hepatic gene expression of Tlr4, Tnf alpha, IL-6, Tgf beta, and metalloproteinase-2 and -9 were higher in the BDL groups in comparison to Ctrl. The ductular reaction evaluated by immunocontent of cytokeratin-7 (CK7) and the content of collagen were increased in BDL groups. Also, there was an imbalance in the antioxidant defenses (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and an increase in the oxidative stress marker sulfhydryl in BDL groups. The treatment with LGG significantly reduced gene expression of IL-6, collagen deposition, and ductular reaction in hepatic tissue of animals from BDL-P groups. Conclusion: The treatment with the probiotic LGG was able to reduce liver fibrosis, ductular reaction, and hepatic gene expression of IL-6 in a model of cholestatic liver disease in rats.
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- Ljungqvist, Olle, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Under nutrition : a major health problem in Europe
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - Madrid, Spanien : Aula Medica Ediciones. - 0212-1611 .- 1699-5198. ; 24:3, s. 369-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
- Mariscal-Arcas, M., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of methods to evaluate the quality of the Mediterranean diet in a large representative sample of young people in Southern Spain
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - : Aula Médica Ediciones. - 0212-1611 .- 1699-5198. ; 25:6, s. 1006-1013
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to compare the usefulness of two methods to evaluate diet quality in young people in Southern Spain: a new Mediterranean Diet Pattern (MDP) and a modification of the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) for the Mediterranean area. The study population was 3190 schoolchildren aged 8-15 yrs. The questionnaires used were first validated (Bland-Altman plot and Wilcoxon tests) in a randomized sample. The DQI gives a more detailed evaluation of food components, whereas the MDS gives global information on food groups but includes foods characteristically consumed in the Mediterranean region. Highly similar results were obtained using the MDP and the adapted DQI-I, which appear to be equally useful to evaluate diet quality in a Mediterranean population. The fact that we selected the same types of food for both indices may explain the similar overall evaluations. According to these results, both methods appear to be equally appropriate for evaluating diet quality in a Mediterranean population.
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| 12. |
- Mariscal-Arcas, Miguel, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in food intake and nutritional habits between Spanish adolescents who engage in ski activity and those who do not
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - : Aula Medica Ediciones. - 0212-1611 .- 1699-5198. ; 31:2, s. 936-943
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Increasing obesity among adolescents in the industrialized world may result from poor nutritional habits and inadequate exercise.AIM: To determine differences in food intake, nutritional habits, and body mass index between Spanish adolescents who engage in ski activity and those who do not.METHODS: A socio-demographic survey, food frequency questionnaire, 24-hr dietary recall, and physical activity questionnaire were completed by 300 Spanish schoolchildren aged 10 to 18 yrs. RESULTS were compared (Student's t, chi-square and Fisher's exact test) between adolescents engaged (SP) and not engaged (N-SP) in skiing according to their sex.RESULTS: SP adolescents devoted > 4 h/day to physical activity versus < 1 h for N-SP adolescents. No significant differences were found in nutrient intake or nutritional habits between SP and N-SP adolescents. Protein and fat intakes of both groups were above recommended levels. A higher proportion of N-SP than SP males were overweight. Logistic regression analysis showed that the maintenance of a normal weight was favored by the practice of skiing, the consumption of sugar-free drinks, and supplementation with vitamins/mineral salts and was negatively associated with body weight dissatisfaction, intake of nutritional supplements other than vitamins or minerals, and the consumption of snacks.CONCLUSIONS: The diet of this adolescent population was poorly balanced. Engagement in physical activity appears to be a key factor in maintaining a healthy body mass index.
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| 15. |
- Palacios, Cristina, et al.
(författare)
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Asociaciones entre los niveles de vitamina d y los marcadores de glucosa en mujeres embarazadas y sus bebés en puerto rico
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - : ARAN Ediciones. - 0212-1611 .- 1699-5198. ; 38:6, s. 1224-1231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: low vitamin D during pregnancy is common and could adversely affect health outcomes. This study evaluated vitamin D status during pregnancy and early in life, and its association with glucose metabolism. Methods: maternal serum 25(OH)D, glucose, and insulin levels were measured longitudinally during pregnancy in Hispanic women with overweight/ obesity (n = 31) and their infants at birth and 4 months. Results: insulin and HOMA-IR levels were higher among women with vitamin D below adequate levels compared to those with adequate levels in pregnancy (p < 0.05). Late in pregnancy, as vitamin D increased by one unit (ng/mL), insulin decreased by 0.44 units and HOMA-IR by 0.09 units. Maternal vitamin D late in pregnancy was correlated with infant vitamin D levels at birth (r = 0.89; p < 0.01) and 4 months (r = 0.9; p = 0.04), and with glucose (r = 0.79; p = 0.03) and insulin (r = 0.83; p = 0.04) at 4 months. Conclusion: maternal vitamin D status was associated with maternal and infant glucose metabolism in this sample.
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| 16. |
- Rivas, A., et al.
(författare)
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Association between dietary antioxidant quality score (DAQs) and bone mineral density in Spanish women
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - : Aula Médica Ediciones. - 0212-1611 .- 1699-5198. ; 27:6, s. 1886-1893
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Several lines of evidence suggest a tight association between oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in humans. The intake of antioxidants may influence Bone Mineral Density by acting as free radical scavengers, preventing oxidation-induced damage to bone cells.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the association between the Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score and bone mineral density in a sample of healthy women.METHODS: A total of 280 women were grouped into three major groups: women aged ≤ 35 years; women aged 36-45, and finally women aged >45 years. Calcaneous Bone Mineral Density (g/cm²) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Data on the eating habits of each participant were collected with a structured 24-hour diet recall questionnaire. A Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score was used to calculate antioxidant-nutrient intake.RESULTS: A significant and positive association was observed among Bone Mineral Density and dietary intake of vitamin C and selenium. Zinc intake was significantly related to Bone Mineral Density in the youngest group. Low antioxidant consumers were considered individuals whose Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score was lower or equal than the median (3.5), and high antioxidant consumers were those whose Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score were higher than 3.5. Bone Mineral Density was higher in the participants defined as high antioxidant consumers in all aged groups.CONCLUSION: The study showed that there is an association between Bone Mineral Density and the Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score in all the women studied. Therefore, new therapies for osteoporosis based on higher dietary antioxidant intakes might be developed basing on the results obtained in this study.
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| 17. |
- Rivas, A., et al.
(författare)
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Validation of questionnaires for the study of food habits and bone mass
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - : Aula Médica Ediciones. - 0212-1611 .- 1699-5198. ; 24:5, s. 521-528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The loss of bone mass and density is influenced by nutritional factors that act on the bone mass peak, age-related bone loss and muscle strength. The objective of the present study was to validate a food frequency questionnaire applied to estimate the relationship between food habits and bone mineral density (BMD) in a healthy adult population.METHODS: The results of the food frequency questionnaire were compared with 24-hr recall findings. Calcaneus BMD was measured by densitometry.RESULTS: The validity of the questionnaire was demonstrated, with Spearman correlation coefficients of 0.014 to 0.467. The Bland-Altman test also found no differences in study variables between the two methods. Correlation analysis showed that the BMD was significantly associated with the intake of vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin B12, folate, thiamine and iron. Total fat consumption was not associated with BMD but the intake of monounsaturated fatty acids, EPA, DHA and cholesterol showed a significant correlation.CONCLUSION: The questionnaire evaluates the consumption of energy and nutrients with adequate validity. Its application revealed the importance for bone health of a diet rich in B-group vitamins, vitamin D, calcium, iron, monounsaturated fatty acids and n-3.
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| 19. |
- Sese, M, et al.
(författare)
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[Not Available]
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nutricion hospitalaria. - : ARAN Ediciones. - 1699-5198 .- 0212-1611. ; 33:3, s. 533-539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antecedentes: los diferentes componentes corporales pueden contribuir al desarrollo de resistencia a la insulina y diabetes mellitus de tipo 2. Elobjetivo del presente estudio fue examinar la asociación entre la masa grasa y la masa libre de grasa con marcadores de resistencia a la insulina,valorando de forma independiente cada uno de ellos y aportando información específi ca por sexo, en una amplia cohorte de adolescentes europeos.Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal en el ámbito escolar en 925 (430 varones) adolescentes (14,9 ± 1,2 años). Se midieron peso, talla,pliegues cutáneos e impedancia bioeléctrica. Se calcularon índices de masa grasa y libre de grasa y se calculó el índice HOMA. Se realizaronanálisis de regresión múltiple ajustándolos según varios factores de confusión, incluyendo la masa libre de grasa y masa grasa cuando fue posible.Resultados: los índices de masa grasa se asociaron positivamente con HOMA (todos p < 0,01) después de ajustarlos según todos los factoresde confusión, incluidos los marcadores de masa libre de grasa, en ambos sexos. Los índices de masa libre de grasa se asociaron con HOMA,tanto en hombres como en mujeres, después de ajustar por país, estadio puberal, nivel socio-económico y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, perolas asociaciones desaparecieron al incluir marcadores de masa grasa en el modelo de ajuste.Conclusión: índices de masa grasa obtenidos según diferentes métodos se asocian con la resistencia a la insulina, independientemente de variosfactores de confusión, incluyendo los índices de masa libre de grasa. Además, la cantidad de masa grasa infl uye en la relación de la masa libre de grasacon resistencia a la insulina en adolescentes europeos. Los estudios futuros deberían centrarse no solo en el papel de la masa grasa, sino también enel de otros componentes corporales como la masa libre de grasa, ya que su papel podría variar dependiendo del nivel y distribución de masa grasa.
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| 22. |
- Tejeda, Leslie, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical composition, antioxidant capacity and content of phenolic compounds in meals collected in hospitals in Bolivia and Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - 1699-5198. ; 27:4, s. 1009-1016
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to evaluate the proximal composition, as well as Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and Total Phenols (TPH) in meals that represent a complex food matrix, from different hospitals in Bolivia and Sweden. Protein, fat, ash, dietary fiber and carbohydrate contents were measured in 29 samples: 20 from two Bolivian hospitals and 9 from the university hospital in Lund, Sweden. The antioxidant capacity was measured by three spectrophotometric methods: the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method, the 2, 2'- azinobis-3-ethylbenzotiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) method and Total Phenolic Compounds (TPH) using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The results show that fat, protein, carbohydrate and dietary fiber in Bolivian and Swedish hospital meals are following internationally established recommendations. Regarding the main courses, TPH contents in both countries were in the same range. However, TAC and dietary fiber content were higher in Swedish meals than in Bolivian meals and the TAC was far lower, in both cases, in comparison with the value obtained from individual food items reported from literature. The results show that antioxidant levels can be easily overestimated by considering only individual uncooked ingredients. An interesting consideration is, the fiber content in the meals, which can be an important source of antioxidants and non-extractable phenolic compounds. (Nutr Hosp. 2012;27:1009-1016) DOI:10.3305/nh.2012.27.4.5849
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| 23. |
- Teran, José Manuel, et al.
(författare)
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Social disparities in low birth weight among Spanish mothers during the economic crisis (2007-2015)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - : ARAN Ediciones. - 0212-1611 .- 1699-5198. ; 35, s. 129-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: to evaluate the impact of the economic crisis on the disparities in the prevalence and risk of low birth weight (LBW) according to the maternal socioeconomic profile.Methods: the data analysed corresponds to 1,779,506 single births to Spanish mothers in the years 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013 and 2015. The temporal changes in available maternal-foetal variables are described. Secondly, the possible increase in disparities in prevalence and risk of LBW due to the occupation and education of the mother is evaluated, taking 2007 as the reference year.Results: a trend of the maternal profile is described among women who had children during this period, with an increasing contribution of highly qualified professional and educated women, a trend already existing before the economic crisis, but which was deepened by the recession. The prevalence of LBW increased in all socio-economic groups, with a marked increase in disparities during the worst years of the economic crisis.Conclusion: results confirm the persistence of social inequalities in perinatal health described prior to the economic crisis, as well as a possibly negative effect of the recession between 2007 and 2015. Results also confirm that disparities in LBW are more clearly associated with the educational level of mothers than with their occupation.
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