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Sökning: L773:1741 427X OR L773:1741 4288

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1.
  • Albabtain, Reham, et al. (författare)
  • Investigations of a Possible Chemical Effect of Salvadora persica Chewing Sticks
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Salvadora persica is commonly used chewing sticks in many parts of the world as an oral hygiene tool. This study measured the amount of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) released into the mouth and assessed its retention time in saliva. The study also tested if the released amount of BITC could potentially be antibacterial or cytotoxic. Twelve subjects brushed their teeth with fresh Miswak once, twice, and four times. The amount of BITC in the saliva and in the used brushes was quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antibacterial effect of BITC and Miswak essential oil (MEO) was tested against Haemophilus influenzae, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The cytotoxic effect on gingival fibroblasts and keratinocytes was tested using MTT. The highest amount of the active compounds was detected in saliva after using the Miswak tip for once and immediately. It significantly decreased when the Miswak tip was used more than once and thus after 10 min. The growth of the tested bacteria was inhibited by MEO and BITC in a dose dependent manner, P. gingivalis being the most sensitive. MTT assay showed that BITC and MEO were cytotoxic towards gingival fibroblasts while oral keratinocytes showed resistance. This study suggests that the Miswak tip should be cut before each use to ensure the maximum effect.
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2.
  • Beigoli, Sima, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of Allium cepa and Its Constituents on Respiratory and Allergic Disorders : A Comprehensive Review of Experimental and Clinical Evidence
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2021
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The health benefits of Allium cepa (A. cepa) have been proclaimed for centuries. Various pharmacological and therapeutic effects on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders are shown by A. cepa and its constituents. Flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, alk(en)yl cysteine sulfoxides including S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide and S-propyl cysteine sulfoxide, cycloalliin, thiosulfinates, and sulfides are the main compounds of the plant. A. cepa displays broad-spectrum pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic effects. Our objective in this review is to present the effects of A. cepa and its constituents on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders. Different online databases were searched to find articles related to the effect of A. cepa extracts and its constituents on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders until the end of December 2020 using keywords such as onion, A. cepa, constituents of A. cepa, therapeutic effects and pharmacological effects, and respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders. Extracts and constituents of A. cepa showed tracheal smooth muscle relaxant effects, indicating possible bronchodilator activities or relieving effects on obstructive respiratory diseases. In experimental animal models of different respiratory diseases, the preventive effect of various extracts and constituents of A. cepa was induced by their antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects. The preventive effects of the plant and its components on lung disorders induced by exposure to noxious agents as well as lung cancer, lung infection, and allergic and immunologic disorders were also indicated in the experimental and clinical studies. Therefore, this review may be considered a scientific basis for development of therapies using this plant, to improve respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders.
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3.
  • Benrick, Anna, 1979, et al. (författare)
  • Resveratrol Is Not as Effective as Physical Exercise for Improving Reproductive and Metabolic Functions in Rats with Dihydrotestosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive and metabolic disorder associated with obesity and insulin resistance that often precedes the development of type-2 diabetes. Rats continuously exposed to dihydrotestosterone from prepuberty display typical reproductive and metabolic PCOS characteristics including anovulation, polycystic ovaries, insulin resistance, and obesity. Our aim was to investigate if resveratrol improves reproductive and metabolic functions in PCOS rats. The effect was compared to exercise. Control and PCOS rats were treated with vehicle or resveratrol (400mg·kg−1·day−1) for 5-6 weeks. Another group of PCOS rats received vehicle treatment and exercised for 5-6 weeks. Insulin sensitivity was determined by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. The glucose infusion rate was lower in the PCOS-vehicle group compared to control-vehicle rats (). Exercise increased insulin sensitivity compared with PCOS-vehicle rats (), but resveratrol did not. Resveratrol treatment and exercise resulted in smaller adipocytes, upregulated estrogen-related receptor α gene expression in subcutaneous fat, and improved estrus cyclicity in the previously acyclic PCOS rats. Although resveratrol had positive effects on adiposity and cyclicity in a similar manner to exercise, resveratrol does not seem to be a good candidate for treating insulin resistance associated with PCOS because no improvement in insulin sensitivity was observed in PCOS rats on normal chow.
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4.
  • Borroto-Escuela, DO, et al. (författare)
  • On the g-protein-coupled receptor heteromers and their allosteric receptor-receptor interactions in the central nervous system: focus on their role in pain modulation
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2013, s. 563716-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The modulatory role of allosteric receptor-receptor interactions in the pain pathways of the Central Nervous System and the peripheral nociceptors has become of increasing interest. As integrators of nociceptive and antinociceptive wiring and volume transmission signals, with a major role for the opioid receptor heteromers, they likely have an important role in the pain circuits and may be involved in acupuncture. The delta opioid receptor (DOR) exerts an antagonistic allosteric influence on the mu opioid receptor (MOR) function in a MOR-DOR heteromer. This heteromer contributes to morphine-induced tolerance and dependence, since it becomes abundant and develops a reduced G-protein-coupling with reduced signaling mainly operating viaβ-arrestin2 upon chronic morphine treatment. A DOR antagonist causes a return of the Gi/o binding and coupling to the heteromer and the biological actions of morphine. The gender- and ovarian steroid-dependent recruitment of spinal cord MOR/kappa opioid receptor (KOR) heterodimers enhances antinociceptive functions and if impaired could contribute to chronic pain states in women. MOR1D heterodimerizes with gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) in the spinal cord, mediating morphine induced itch. Other mechanism for the antinociceptive actions of acupuncture along meridians may be that it enhances the cross-desensitization of the TRPA1 (chemical nociceptor)-TRPV1 (capsaicin receptor) heteromeric channel complexes within the nociceptor terminals located along these meridians. Selective ionotropic cannabinoids may also produce cross-desensitization of the TRPA1-TRPV1 heteromeric nociceptor channels by being negative allosteric modulators of these channels leading to antinociception and antihyperalgesia.
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5.
  • Carlsson, Marianne, et al. (författare)
  • A five-year follow-up of quality of life in women with breast cancer in anthroposophic and conventional care
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 3:4, s. 523-531
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Complementary and alternative medicine is used by many cancer patients in most parts of the world, and its use is increasing. The aim of the present study was to examine, over 5 years, the perceived quality of life/life satisfaction in two samples of women with breast cancer who were treated with anthroposophic care or conventional medical treatment only. Data from admission, after I year and after 5 years are used for the comparisons. On admission to the study the women in anthroposophic care perceived their quality of life to be lower than that of the women in the conventional treatment group, especially for emotional, cognitive and social functioning and overall quality of life. Sixty women who actively chose treatment with anthroposophic medicine and 60 individually matched women treated with conventional medicine participated. Quality of life was measured by the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire. Twenty-six women within anthroposophic care and 31 women within conventional medicine survived the 5 years. Effect size (ES) estimation favored the anthroposophic group in seven of the subscales mostly measuring emotional functioning. The ES for four of the subscales favored the conventional treatment group, mostly concerning physical functioning. After 5 years there were improvements in overall quality of life and in emotional and social functioning compared to admission for the women in anthroposophic care. The improvements took place between admission and 1 year, but not further on. Only minor improvements were found in the matching group.
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6.
  • Chen, XK, et al. (författare)
  • Efficacy and Safety of Sanfu Herbal Patch at Acupoints for Persistent Allergic Rhinitis: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2015, s. 214846-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. The Sanfu herbal patch (SHP) has been widely used to treat allergic rhinitis (AR) in China. SHP has been reported to be effective for managing the symptoms of AR, but the evidence suffers from methodological limitations. Therefore, we designed a three-armed, randomized, and placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SHP for persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR).Methods. The trial consists of 5 treatment sessions along with a one-year follow-up. This process is then repeated in the second and third years. Eligible participants diagnosed with PAR were randomized at a ratio of 2 : 2 : 1 into one of three groups: (a) SHP group; (b) placebo group; or (c) waiting-list group. The waiting-list group will receive no treatment in the first year but will receive SHP in the following two years. The primary outcome, total nasal symptoms score, is self-assessed at the beginning of each treatment session and during each annual follow-up. Secondary outcomes include the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality-of-Life Questionnaire, allergic rhinitis attacks, and relief medications. The trial will be stopped if early termination criteria are met during the interim analysis.Ethics. This protocol has been approved by site ethics committee (number B2014-014-01) and is registered with ClinicalTrials.govNCT02192645.
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7.
  • Chen, XK, et al. (författare)
  • Tai Chi and Qigong Practices for Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2020, s. 2034625-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed the role of Tai Chi and Qigong Practices (TQPs) in managing chronic heart failure (CHF). They have included broad variations in comparators, sample sizes, and results. This study evaluates existing RCTs for evidence of TQPs rehabilitation effects for CHF. Methods. Both English and Chinese databases were searched from their inception to October 23, 2019. RCTs were included if they compared the addition of TQPs into routine managements (RMs) to RMs alone or compared TQPs to general exercise, with RMs as a consistent cointervention in both groups. Data were screened and extracted independently using predesigned forms. RCT quality was assessed with the Cochrane tool. The primary outcomes were peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ). Mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and heterogeneity was assessed with an I2 statistic. Results. A total of 33 RCTs with 2,465 patients were included in the systematic review. Compared to the RMs alone, TQPs plus RMs improved VO2peak (MD: 1.24 mL/kg/min, 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.57; I2 = 0%), 6MWD (MD: 59.63 meters, 95% CI, 43.35 to 75.90 I2 = 88%), and MLHFQ (MD: −8.63 scores; 95% CI, −10.60 to -6.67; I2 = 94%). Compared to general exercise, superior improvements were found in the TQP group; they were significant in MLHFQ (MD: −9.18 scores; 95% CI, −17.95 to −0.41; I2 = 86%), but not in VO2peak or 6MWD. Evidence was also found of TQPs’ safety and high adherence. Conclusions. Considering that there are low costs, multiple physical benefits, and no equipment required, TQPs are a promising rehabilitation therapy, as an adjunct to routine pharmacotherapies or as an alternative to conventional exercises, especially in home-based settings.
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8.
  • Cider, Åsa, 1960, et al. (författare)
  • Aquatic Exercise Is Effective in Improving Exercise Performance in Patients with Heart Failure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2012
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and muscle function are more decreased in patients with a combination of chronic heart failure (CHF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (2DM) compared to patients with only one of the conditions. Further, patients with 2DM have peripheral complications that hamper many types of conventional exercises. Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and applicability of eight-week aquatic exercise in patients with the combination of CHF and 2DM. Methods. Twenty patients (four women) with both CHF and 2DM (age 67.4 +/- 7.1, NYHA II-III) were randomly assigned to either aquatic exercise or a control group. The patients exercised for 45 minutes 3 times/week in 33-34 degrees C, swimming pool. Results. The training programme was well tolerated. Work rate (+11.7 +/- 6.6 versus -6.4 +/- 8.1watt, P < 0.001) and VO2peak (+2.1 +/- 0.8 versus -0.9 +/- 1.4 mL.kg(-1) . min(-1), P < 0.001) and walking capacity (P = 0.01) increased significantly in the training group. Muscle function was also significantly improved and Hba1c decreased significantly (P < 0.01) during training, while fasting glucose, insulin, c-peptide, and lipids were unchanged. Training also increased vitality measured by SF-36 significantly (P = 0.05). Conclusion. Aquatic exercise could be used to improve exercise capacity and muscle function in patients with the combination of CHF and 2DM.
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9.
  • Enblom, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Reduced Need for Rescue Antiemetics and Improved Capacity to Eat in Patients Receiving Acupuncture Compared to Patients Receiving Sham Acupuncture or Standard Care during Radiotherapy
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective. To evaluate if consumption of emesis-related care and eating capacity differed between patients receiving verum acupuncture, sham acupuncture, or standard care only during radiotherapy. Methods. Patients were randomized to verum(n = 100) or sham (n = 100) acupuncture (telescopic blunt sham needle) (median 12 sessions) and registered daily their consumption of antiemetics and eating capacity. A standard care group (n = 62) received standard care only and delivered these data once. Results. More patients in the verum (n = 73 of 89 patients still undergoing radiotherapy; 82%, Relative Risk (RR) 1.23, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.01-1.50) and the sham acupuncture group (n = 79 of 95; 83%, RR 1.24, CI 1.03-1.52) did not need any antiemetic medications, as compared to the standard care group (n = 42 out of 63; 67%) after receiving 27 Gray dose of radiotherapy. More patients in the verum (n = 50 of 89; 56%, RR 1.78, CI 1.31-2.42) and the sham acupuncture group (n = 58 of 94 answering patients; 62%, RR 1.83, CI 1.20-2.80) were capable of eating as usual, compared to the standard care group (n = 20 of 63; 39%). Conclusion. Patients receiving acupuncture had lower consumption of antiemetics and better eating capacity than patients receiving standard antiemetic care, plausible by nonspecific effects of the extra care during acupuncture.
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10.
  • Enblom, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • The Nonpenetrating Telescopic Sham Needle may Blind Patients with Different Characteristics and Experiences when Treated by several Therapists.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; , s. 1-12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Little is known which factors influence the blinding in acupuncture studies. Aim. To investigate if blinding variedbetween patients with different characteristics receiving verum or sham acupuncture. Methods. We randomised cancer patientsto verum (n = 109) or sham acupuncture (n = 106) with a nonpenetrating telescopic sham needle for nausea. Level of blindingwas compared between different sub-groups of patients using Bang’s blinding index (BI) ranged −1 to 1 (−1 = all state theopposite treatment, 1 = all identify treatment). Results. Most patients in the verum (74 of 95; 78%, BI 0.72) and the sham (68 of95; 72%, BI −0.60). acupuncture group believed they had received verum acupuncture. The probability for a patient to believehe/she received verum acupuncture was related to the received needling type (P = .003) and to the patient’s belief in receivedtreatment effects (P = .008). Hospital (P = .425), therapist (P = .434), previous acupuncture experience (P = .578), occurrenceof nausea (P = .157), gender (P = .760), and age (P = .357) did not affect blinding. Conclusions. Blinding was successfullyachieved irrespective of age, gender, acupuncture experience, treatment effect, or in which hospital or by which therapist thepatient received treatment. Patients with higher belief in the effect of the treatment were more likely to believe they had receivedverum acupuncture.
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11.
  • Huyen, VTT, et al. (författare)
  • Antidiabetic Effects of Add-On Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract Therapy with Sulfonylureas in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-4288 .- 1741-427X. ; 2012, s. 452313-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aims.To investigate the antidiabetic effect of the traditional Vietnamese herbGynostemma pentaphyllum(GP) together with sulfonylurea (SU) in 25 drug-naïve type 2 diabetic patients.Methods.After 4-week treatment with gliclazide (SU), 30 mg daily, all patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups to add on GP extract or placebo extract, 6 g daily, during eight weeks.Results.After 4-week SU treatment, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1Cdecreased significantly (P<0.001). FPG was further reduced after add-on therapy with 2.9 ± 1.7 and 0.9 ± 0.6 mmol/L in the GP and placebo groups, respectively (P<0.001). Therapy with GP extract also reduced 30- and 120-minute oral glucose tolerance test postload values. HbA1Clevels decreased approximately 2% units in the GP group compared to 0.7% unit in the placebo group (P<0.001).Conclusion.GP extract in addition to SU offers an alternative to addition of other oral medication to treat type 2 diabetic patients.
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12.
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13.
  • Johansson, Julia, 1982, et al. (författare)
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Effect and Mechanisms of Acupuncture for Ovulation Induction
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, is characterized by the coexistence of hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries (PCO). PCOS also represents the largest part of female oligoovulatory infertility, and the management of ovulatory and menstrual dysfunction, comprises a third of the high costs of PCOS treatment. Current pharmacological and surgical treatments for reproductive symptoms are effective, however, associated with negative side effects, such as cardiovascular complications and multiple pregnancies. For menstrual irregularities and ovulation induction in women with PCOS, acupuncture has indicated beneficial effects. This review will focus on the results from randomized controlled acupuncture trials for regulation of menstrual dysfunction and for inducing ovulation in women with PCOS although there are uncontrolled trials with nonetheless interesting results. Animal experimental studies will be further discussed when they can provide a more mechanistic explanatory view.
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14.
  • Jong, Miek C., et al. (författare)
  • A Comparative Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial on the Effectiveness, Safety, and Tolerability of a Homeopathic Medicinal Product in Children with Sleep Disorders and Restlessness
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial was performed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the homeopathic product ZinCyp-3-02 in children with sleep disorders for >= one month compared to glycine. Children <= six years old received either ZinCyp-3-02 (N = 89) or comparator glycine (N = 90). After treatment for 28 days, total sleep-disorder-associated complaints severity scores decreased in both groups from median 7.0 (out of maximum 11.0) points to 2.0 (ZinCyp-3-02) and 4.0 (glycine) points, respectively, with overall higher odds of showing improvement for ZinCyp-3-02 (odds ratio: 4.45 (95% CI: 2.77-7.14), p < 0.0001, POM overall treatment related effect). Absence of individual complaints (time to sleep onset, difficulties maintaining sleep, sleep duration, troubled sleep (somniloquism), physical inactivity after awakening, restlessness for unknown reason, and sleep disorders frequency) at study end were significantly higher with ZinCyp-3-02 (all p values < 0.05). More children with ZinCyp-3-02 were totally free of complaints (p = 0.0258). Treatment effectiveness (p < 0.0001) and satisfaction assessments (p < 0.0001) were more favorable for ZinCyp-3-02. Few nonserious adverse drug reactions were reported (ZinCyp-3-02: N = 2, glycine: N = 1) and both treatments were well tolerated. Treatment with the homeopathic product ZinCyp-3-02 was found to be safe and superior to the comparator glycine in the treatment of sleep disorders in children.
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15.
  • Kamolvit, W, et al. (författare)
  • Lupinus mutabilis Edible Beans Protect against Bacterial Infection in Uroepithelial Cells
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2018, s. 1098015-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Lupinus mutabilisis a South American herb with edible beans, known to reduce serum glucose levels in diabetic patients. Furthermore,L. mutabiliscontains phytochemicals known to decrease bacterial load. Based on the increased urinary tract infections experienced among patients with diabetes, we investigated the effect ofL. mutabilison bladder epithelial cells in the protection ofE. coliinfection during normal and high glucose concentrations. We did not observe any direct antibacterial effect byL. mutabilisextract. Instead we observed an influence on the host cells, with indirect impact on bacteria and their possibility of causing infection.L. mutabilisextract decreased adhesion to bladder epithelial cells of uropathogenic bacteria, including drug-resistant strains.Moreover, uroplakin1a, involved in adhesion, was downregulated while the antimicrobial peptide RNase 7 was upregulated inL. mutabilistreated cells irrespectively of glucose concentration. This supports an early effect fighting bacteria. Additionally,L. mutabilisprevented bacterial biofilm formation, which is used by bacteria to evade the immune system and antibiotics. In summary,L. mutabilisprotects against bacterial infection in uroepithelial cells by preventing adhesion through alteration of the cell surface, increasing antimicrobial peptide expression, and reducing biofilm formation. Together, this promotes bacterial clearance, suggesting thatL. mutabilisas extract or as a dietary item can contribute to the prevention of urinary tract infections, which is of importance in an era of increasing antibiotic resistance.
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16.
  • Kienle, GS, et al. (författare)
  • Contributing to Global Health: Development of a Consensus-Based Whole Systems Research Strategy for Anthroposophic Medicine
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2019, s. 3706143-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Whole medicine and health systems like traditional and complementary medicine systems (T&CM) are part of healthcare around the world. One key feature of T&CM is its focus on patient-centered and multimodal care and the integration of intercultural perspectives in a wide range of settings. It may contribute to good health and well being for people as part of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. The authentic, rigorous, and fair evaluation of such a medical system, with its inherent complexity and individualization, imposes methodological challenges. Hence, we propose a broad research strategy to test and characterize its possible contribution to health. Methods. To develop a research strategy for a specific T&CM system, Anthroposophic Medicine (AM), applying multimodal integrative healthcare based on a four-level concept of man, we used a three-phase consensus process with experts and key stakeholders, consisting of (1) premeeting methodological literature and AM research review and interviews to supplement or revise items of the research strategy and tailor them to AM research, (2) face-to-face consensus meetings further developing and tailoring the strategy, and (3) postmeeting feedback and review, followed by finalization. Results. Currently, AM covers many fields of medical specialties in varied levels of healthcare settings, such as outpatient and inpatient; primary, secondary, and tertiary care; and health education and pedagogy. It is by definition integrated with conventional medicine in the public healthcare system. It applies specific medicines, nursing techniques, arts therapies, eurythmy therapy, rhythmical massage, counseling, and psychotherapy, and it is provided by medical doctors, nurses, therapists, midwives, and nutritionists. A research strategy authentic to this level of complexity should comprise items with a focus on (I) efficacy and effectiveness, divided into (a) evaluation of the multimodal and multidisciplinary medical system as a whole, or of complex multimodal therapy concept, (b) a reasonable amount of methodologically rigorous, confirmatory randomized controlled trials on exemplary pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies and indications, (c) a wide range of interventions and patient-centered care strategies with less extensive formats like well-conducted small trails, observational studies, and high-quality case reports and series, or subgroup analyses from whole-system studies, or health service research; (II) safety; (III) economics; (IV) evidence synthesis; (V) methodologic issues; (VI) biomedical, physiological, pharmacological, pharmaceutical, psychological, anthropological, and nosological issues as well as innovation and development; (VI) patient perspective and involvement, public needs, and ethics; (VII) educational matters and professionalism; and (IX) disease prevention, health promotion, and public health. Conclusion. The research strategy extends to and complements the prevailing hierarchical system by introducing a broad “evidence house” approach to evaluation, something many health technology assessment boards today support. It may provide transparent and comprehensive insight into potential benefits or risks of AM. It can serve as a framework for an evidence-informed approach to AM for a variety of stakeholders and collaborating networks with the aim of improving global health.
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17.
  • Kok, Esther T., et al. (författare)
  • Resistance to Antibiotics and Antifungal Medicinal Products : Can Complementary and Alternative Medicine Help Solve the Problem in Common Infection Diseases? The Introduction of a Dutch Research Consortium
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The increase of antibiotic resistance worldwide, rising numbers of deaths and costs associated with this, and the fact that hardly any new antimicrobial drugs have been developed during the last decade have increased the interest in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapeutic interventions, if proven safe and effective. Observational studies on clinical CAM practices demonstrate positive effects of treatment of infections with CAM therapies (clinical effects, patient satisfaction) in combination with small percentages of antibiotics prescription. However, Cochrane reviews and other studies demonstrate that in most instances the quality of clinical trials on CAM treatment of infections is currently too low to provide sufficient evidence. Therefore a Dutch consortium on (in vitro and clinical) scientific research on CAM and antibiotic resistance has been formed. The aim and objective of the consortium is to establish an enduring partnership and to develop expertise to further develop and investigate safe and effective CAM treatments for infectious diseases of humans (and animals). A first ongoing project on the development of safe and effective biobased CAM antimycotics in women with (recurrent) vaginal candidiasis infection is introduced.
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18.
  • Kuang, H. Y., et al. (författare)
  • Acupuncture and Clomiphene Citrate for Live Birth in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Study Design of a Randomized Controlled Trial
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Acupuncture is an alternative therapy to induce ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but there is no study reporting the live birth rate following ovulation induction by acupuncture or its potential as an adjuvant treatment to clomiphene citrate (CC). We assess the efficacy of acupuncture with or without CC in achieving live births among 1000 PCOS women in Mainland China. This paper reports the methodology of an ongoing multicenter randomized controlled trial. The randomization scheme is coordinated through the central mechanism and stratified by the participating sites. Participants will be randomized into one of the four treatment arms: (A) true acupuncture and CC, (B) control acupuncture and CC, (C) true acupuncture and placebo CC, and (D) control acupuncture and placebo CC. To ensure the quality and integrity of the trial we have developed a unique multinational team of investigators and Data and Safety Monitoring Board. Up to the end of April 2013, 326 subjects were recruited. In conclusion, the success of this trial will allow us to evaluate the additional benefit of acupuncture beyond the first line medicine for fertility treatment in PCOS women in an unbiased manner.
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19.
  • Köhn, M., et al. (författare)
  • Medical yoga for patients with stress-related symptoms and diagnosis in primary health care : a randomized control trial
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - New York, USA : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • An increasing number of patients are suffering from stress-related symptoms and diagnoses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the medical yoga treatment in patients with stress-related symptoms and diagnoses in primary health care. A randomized controlled study was performed at a primary health care centre in Sweden from March to June, 2011. Patients were randomly allocated to a control group receiving standard care or a yoga group treated with medical yoga for 1 hour, once a week, over a 12-week period in addition to the standard care. A total of 37 men and women, mean age of years were included. General stress level (measured using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)), burnout (Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ)), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)), insomnia severity (Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)), pain (visual analogue scale (VAS)), and overall health status (Euro Quality of Life VAS (EQ-VAS)) were measured before and after 12 weeks. Patients assigned to the Yoga group showed significantly greater improvements on measures of general stress level ( ), anxiety ( ), and overall health status ( ) compared to controls. Treatment with medical yoga is effective in reducing levels of stress and anxiety in patients with stress-related symptoms in primary health care.
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20.
  • Landgren, Kajsa (författare)
  • Acupuncture in practice: investigating acupuncturists' approach to treating infantile colic.
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2013:Nov 13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Infantile colic is common, but no safe and effective conventional treatment exists. The use of acupuncture has increased despite weak evidence. This practitioner survey explores and discusses how infantile colic is regarded and treated in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The study is based on personal communication with 24 acupuncturists from nine countries. These acupuncturists specialize in pediatric acupuncture and represent different styles of acupuncture. Their experiences are discussed and related to relevant books and articles. Informants claimed good results when treating infants with colic. The TCM patterns commonly described by informants matched the textbooks to a great extent. The most common syndromes were "stagnation of food" and "Spleen Qi Xu." Regarding treatment, some informants followed the teachers' and the textbook authors' advice on differentiated treatment according to syndrome. The points used most often were LI4, ST36, and Sifeng. Other informants treated all infants alike in one single point, LI4. The results demonstrate the diversity of TCM. The use of acupuncture for infantile colic presents an interesting option, but further research is needed in order to optimize the effects and protect infants from unnecessary or less effective treatment.
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21.
  • Li, G, et al. (författare)
  • Outcome Reporting Variability in Trials of Chinese Medicine for Hyperlipidemia: A Systematic Review for Developing a Core Outcome Set
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2021, s. 8822215-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction. Hyperlipidemia is an underlying process behind cardiovascular disease. Chinese medicine (CM) may be effective in treating hyperlipidemia, but there is a lack of studies with high methodological quality. A major reason for this is heterogeneity in outcome reporting. Therefore, this study explores the degree of outcome reporting variation in CM trials for hyperlipidemia. It then generates a list of potentially important outcomes for developing a core outcome set (COS). Methods. A systematic review of literature focusing on studies of CM for hyperlipidemia was conducted. Outcomes were listed verbatim and grouped into 8 domains. Outcome frequency and definition uniformity were analyzed. Results. 3,702 studies and 452 individual outcomes were identified. These outcomes were reported 27,328 times, of which 1.6% were reported as primary outcomes, and 13.3% were defined. The most frequent outcome was total triglyceride, represented in 86.7% of the studies, followed by total cholesterol (86.0%), total effective rate (75.1%), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (73.2%), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (60.5%). However, 43.6% of outcomes were reported only once. The largest outcome domain was “pathological or pathophysiological outcomes,” which included 67.0% of outcomes. Of the “response rate related outcomes” domain, total effective rate was the most frequently reported outcome (n = 2,780), and 95.3% of the studies gave a clear definition. However, these definitions were often contradictory. Only 10 papers reported cardiovascular events, 3 of which referred to them as primary outcomes. Moreover, ten patient-reported outcomes were reported in the retrieved literature 19 times in total. The majority of the outcomes did not report measurement instruments (MIs) (269/453, 59.4%). MIs of the surrogate outcomes were reported more frequently. Conclusion. Outcome reporting in CM trials for hyperlipidemia is inconsistent and ill-defined, creating barriers to data synthesis and comparison. Thus, we propose and are developing a COS for CM trials for hyperlipidemia.
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22.
  • Lijuan, Mei, et al. (författare)
  • Systematic Review of Chinese Traditional Exercise Baduanjin Modulating the Blood Lipid Metabolism
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - America : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; , s. Article ID 282131-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Baduanjin exercise is considered to be beneficial to modulate the blood lipid metabolism. The purpose of the systematic review was to assess the potential efficacy and safety of Baduanjin exercise. Methods. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CBM, CNKI, VIP, Chinese Important Conference Papers Database, and Chinese Dissertation Database were searched for all prospective-controlled trials of Baduanjin exercise from their inception to December 31, 2011. Results. A total of 14 studies were included. Comparing with no treatment, Baduanjin exercise significantly reduced the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C in plasma, and elevated plasma HDL-C level for healthy participants, and the pooled MD (95% confidence interval, CI) was −0.58 mmol/L (−0.86, −0.30 mmol/L), −0.22 mmol/L (−0.31, −0.13 mmol/L), −0.35 mmol/L (−0.54, −0.17 mmol/L), 0.13 mmol/L (0.06, 0.21 mmol/L), respectively. Baduanjin exercise also obviously decreased the levels of TG, LDL-C in plasma comparing with no treatment for patients, and the pooled MD (95% CI) was −0.30 mmol/L (−0.40, −0.19 mmol/L), −0.38 mmol/L (−0.63, −0.13 mmol/L), but there was not obvious to decrease plasma TC level or elevate plasma HDL-C level in patients with the pooled MD (95%CI), −0.39 mmol/L (−1.09, 0.31 mmol/L) and 0.22 mmol/L (−0.11, 0.55 mmol/L), respectively. In addition, the obvious advantage was not observed to modulate the blood lipid metabolism in comparing Baduanjin exercise with other exercises, regardless for health participants or patients. Conclusion. Studies indicated that Baduanjin exercise could significantly decrease the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C levels in plasma and elevate plasma HDL-C level for the healthy people. It also was helpful that Baduanjin exercise modulated the blood lipid metabolism for patients. Moreover, the Baduanjin exercise did not have an obvious advantage on modulating the lipid metabolism comparing with other exercises. But the evidence was uncertain because of the small sample size and low-methodological quality
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23.
  • Lin, SC, et al. (författare)
  • Microencapsulated Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor Ameliorates Osteoarthritis in a Murine Model
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2021, s. 9163279-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Osteoarthritis, a highly age-related and chronic inflammatory disorder with cartilage loss, causes patients difficultly in movement; there is no efficient and sustainable remedy for osteoarthritis currently. Although hyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been used to alleviate osteoarthritis, the effects could be short and multiple injections might be required. To address this issue, we exploited the property of chitosan to encapsulate recombinant human epidermal growth factor and obtained microencapsulated rhEGF (Me-rhEGF). In the current study, we induced the osteoarthritis-like symptoms with monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in rats and investigated the therapeutic effects of Me-rhEGF. Following administration of HA/Me-rhEGF in vivo, we observed that the total Mankin scores, cartilage oligomeric protein, C-telopeptide of type II collagen, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and TNF-α cytokines, nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E2 expressions were significantly inhibited. Our results also strongly indicate that individual use of HA or rhEGF slightly decreased the inflammation and restored the destructive joint structure, but was not as drastic as seen in the HA/Me-rhEGF. Moreover, HA/Me-rhEGF profoundly reduced cartilage destruction and proteoglycan loss and downregulated matrix metalloproteinase expressions. These findings reveal that the treatment of HA/Me-rhEGF could be more beneficial than the use of single HA or rhEGF in reliving osteoarthritis and demonstrate the therapeutic application of microencapsulation technology in difficult joint disorders. In essence, we believe that the Me-rhEGF could be promising for further research and development as a clinical treatment against osteoarthritis.
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24.
  • Lokman, EF, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluation of Antidiabetic Effects of the Traditional Medicinal Plant Gynostemma pentaphyllum and the Possible Mechanisms of Insulin Release
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2015, s. 120572-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aims. To evaluate the antidiabetic effects ofGynostemma pentaphyllum(GP) in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat, an animal model of type 2 diabetes, and to investigate the mechanisms of insulin release.Methods. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed and plasma insulin levels were measured.Results. An oral treatment withGP(0.3 g/kg of body weight daily) for two weeks in GK rats improved glucose tolerance versus placebo group (P<0.01). Plasma insulin levels were significantly increased in theGP-treated group. The insulin release fromGP-treated GK rats was 1.9-fold higher as compared to the control group (P<0.001).GPstimulated insulin release in isolated GK rat islets at high glucose. Opening of ATP-sensitive potassium (K-ATP) channels by diazoxide and inhibition of calcium channels by nifedipine significantly decreased insulin response toGP. Furthermore, the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H89 decreased the insulin response toGP(P<0.05). In addition,GP-induced insulin secretion was decreased after preincubation of GK islets with pertussis toxin to inhibit exocytoticGeproteins (P<0.05).Conclusion.The antidiabetic effect ofGPis associated with the stimulation of insulin release from the islets.GP-induced insulin release is partly mediated via K-ATP and L-type Ca2+channels, the PKA system and also dependent on pertussis toxin sensitiveGe-protein.
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25.
  • Lokman, FE, et al. (författare)
  • Antidiabetic Effect of Oral Borapetol B Compound, Isolated from the Plant Tinospora crispa, by Stimulating Insulin Release
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2013, s. 727602-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aims. To evaluate the antidiabetic properties of borapetol B known as compound 1 (C1) isolated fromTinospora crispain normoglycemic control Wistar (W) and spontaneously type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats.Methods. The effect of C1 on blood glucose and plasma insulin was assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test. The effect of C1 on insulin secretion was assessed by batch incubation and perifusion experiments using isolated pancreatic islets.Results. An acute oral administration of C1 improved blood glucose levels in treated versus placebo groups with areas under glucose curves 0–120 min being72±17versus344±10 mmol/L (P<0.001) and492±63versus862±55 mmol/L (P<0.01) in W and GK rats, respectively. Plasma insulin levels were increased by 2-fold in treated W and GK rats versus placebo group at 30 min (P<0.05). C1 dose-dependently increased insulin secretion from W and GK isolated islets at 3.3 mM and 16.7 mM glucose. The perifusions of isolated islets indicated that C1 did not cause leakage of insulin by damaging islet beta cells (P<0.001).Conclusion. This study provides evidence that borapetol B (C1) has antidiabetic properties mainly due to its stimulation of insulin release.
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26.
  • Lundeberg, T, et al. (författare)
  • Is placebo acupuncture what it is intended to be?
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-4288 .- 1741-427X. ; 2011, s. 1-5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials are recommended for evaluation of a treatment's efficacy with the goal of separating the specific effects (verum) from the non-specific ones (placebo). In order to be able to carry out placebo-controlled acupuncture trials, minimal/sham acupuncture procedures and a sham acupuncture needle has been used with the intention of being inert. However, clinical and experimental results suggest that sham/minimal acupuncture is not inert since it is reported that both verum acupuncture and sham/minimal acupuncture induce a significant alleviation of pain. This alleviation is as pronounced as the alleviation obtained with standard treatment and more obvious than the one obtained with placebo medication or by the use of waiting list controls. These results also suggest that sham acupuncture needles evoke a physiological response. In healthy individuals sham acupuncture results in activation of limbic structures, whereas a deactivation is seen in patients with pain, i.e. results from healthy individuals do not reflect what is seen in clinical conditions. Also, depending on the etiology of pain (or any under clinical condition under investigation), the response to sham acupuncture is varying. The acupuncture ritual may also be seen as an emotional focused therapy allowing for psychological re-orientation. Sham needling in such context may be as powerful as verum acupuncture. We recommend that the evaluated effects of acupuncture could be compared with those of standard treatment, also taking the individual response into consideration, before its use or non-use is established.
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27.
  • Ocheng, Francis, et al. (författare)
  • Essential Oils from Ugandan Aromatic Medicinal Plants : Chemical Composition and Growth Inhibitory Effects on Oral Pathogens
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The study assessed the growth inhibitory effects of essential oils extracted from ten Ugandan medicinal plants (Bidens pilosa, Helichrysum odoratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina, Hoslundia opposita, Ocimum gratissimum, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus, Teclea nobilis, Zanthoxylum chalybeum, and Lantana trifolia) used traditionally in the management of oral diseases against oral pathogens. Chemical compositions of the oils were explored by GC-MS. Inhibitory effects of the oils were assessed on periodontopathic Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and cariogenic Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus using broth dilution methods at concentrations of 1%, 0.1%, and 0.01%. The most sensitive organism was A. actinomycetemcomitans. Its growth was markedly inhibited by six of the oils at all the concentrations tested. Essential oil from C. nardus exhibited the highest activity with complete growth inhibition of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis at all the three concentrations tested, the major constituents in the oil being mainly oxygenated sesquiterpenes. Most of the oils exhibited limited effects on L. acidophilus. We conclude that essential oils from the studied plants show marked growth inhibitory effects on periodontopathic A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis, moderate effects on cariogenic S. mutans, and the least effect on L. acidophilus. The present study constitutes a basis for further investigations and development of certain oils into alternative antiplaque agents.
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28.
  • Ocheng, Francis, et al. (författare)
  • Essential Oils from Ugandan Medicinal Plants : In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Effects on IL-1 beta-Induced Proinflammatory Mediators by Human Gingival Fibroblasts
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The study investigated cytotoxicity of essential oils from four medicinal plants (Bidens pilosa, Ocimum gratissimum, Cymbopogon nardus, and Zanthoxylum chalybeum) on human gingival fibroblasts and their effects on proinflammatory mediators' secretion. Cytotoxicity of essential oils was investigated using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. Effects of essential oils at subcytotoxicity concentrations on interleukin-(IL-) 6, IL-8, and prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) secretions by gingival fibroblasts treated with IL-1 beta (300 pg/mL) were evaluated by ELISA and EIA. IC50 values of the essential oils ranged from 26 mu g/mL to 50 mu g/mL. Baseline and IL-1 beta-induced secretion of PGE(2) was inhibited by treatment with essential oil from O. gratissimum. Essential oils from B. pilosa and C. nardus had synergistic effects with IL-1 beta on PGE(2) seceretion. In conclusion, the study suggests that essential oil from O. gratissimum decreases gingival fibroblasts secretion of PGE(2), while essential oils from B. pilosa and C. nardus increase PGE(2) secretion. Essential oil from Z. chalybeum was the most cytotoxic, while oil from C. nardus was the least cytotoxic. Although the clinical significance of these findings remains to be determined, it may be suggested that essential oil from O. gratissimum, applied at subcytotoxicity concentrations, could reduce the participation of gingival fibroblasts in the gingival inflammation and tissue destruction associated with periodontitis.
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29.
  • Othman, Hemn, et al. (författare)
  • Antileukemic Effect of Palladium Nanoparticles Mediated by White Tea (Camellia sinensis) Extract In Vitro and in WEHI-3B-Induced Leukemia In Vivo
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : HINDAWI LTD. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2020
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study investigated thein vivoantileukemic activity of palladium nanoparticles (Pd@W.tea-NPs) mediated by white tea extract in a murine model. The cell viability effect of Pd@W.tea-NPs, "blank" Pd nanoparticles, and white tea extract alone was determined in murine leukemia WEHI-3B cells and normal mouse fibroblasts (3T3 cells). Apoptotic and cell cycle arrest effects of Pd@W.tea-NPs in WEHI-3B cells were evaluated. The effects of Pd@W.tea-NPs administered orally to leukemic mice at 50 and 100 mg/kg daily over 28 days were evaluated. Pd@W.tea-NPs reduced the viability of WHEI-3B cells with IC(50)7.55 mu g/ml at 72 h. Blank Pd nanoparticles and white tea extract alone had smaller effects on WHEI-3B viability and on normal fibroblasts. Pd@W.tea-NPs increased the proportion of Annexin V-positive WHEI-3B cells and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest. Leukemic cells in the spleen were reduced by Pd@W.tea-NPs with an increase in Bax/Bcl-2 and cytochrome-C protein and mRNA levels indicating the activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. These effects replicated the effects of ATRA and were not observed using blank Pd nanoparticles. Pd@W.tea-NPs afford therapeutic efficacy against leukemia likely to pivot on activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptotic signaling and hence appear attractive potential candidates for development as a novel anticancer agent.
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30.
  • Romero-Zurita, A, et al. (författare)
  • Effectiveness of a tai-chi training and detraining on functional capacity, symptomatology and psychological outcomes in women with fibromyalgia
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-4288 .- 1741-427X. ; 2012, s. 614196-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. The purpose was to analyze the effects of Tai-Chi training in women with fibromyalgia (FM).Methods. Thirty-two women with FM (mean age, years) attended to Tai-Chi intervention 3 sessions weekly for 28 weeks. The outcome measures were: tenderness, body composition, functional capacity and psychological outcomes (Fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ), Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36)).Results. Patients showed improvements on pain threshold, total number of tender points and algometer score (all ). The intervention was effective on 6-min walk (), back scratch (), handgrip strength (), chair stand, chair sit & reach, 8 feet up & go and blind flamingo tests (all ). Tai-Chi group improved the FIQ total score () and six subscales: stiffness (), pain, fatigue, morning tiredness, anxiety, and depression (all ). The intervention was also effective in six SF-36 subscales: bodily pain (), vitality (), physical functioning, physical role, general health, and mental health (all ).Conclusions. A 28-week Tai-Chi intervention showed improvements on pain, functional capacity, symptomatology and psychological outcomes in female FM patients.
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31.
  • Rosen, Annelie, et al. (författare)
  • Retracted article: The Effects of Positive or Neutral Communication during Acupuncture for Relaxing Effects: A Sham-Controlled Randomized Trial
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2016, s. 11-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction. The link between patient-clinician communication and its effect on clinical outcomes is an important clinical issue that is yet to be elucidated. Objective. Investigating if communication type (positive or neutral) about the expected treatment outcome affected (i) participants(expectations and (ii) short-term relaxation effects in response to genuine or sham acupuncture and investigating if expectations were related to outcome. Methods. Healthy volunteers (n = 243, mean age of 42) were randomized to one treatment with genuine or sham acupuncture. Within groups, participants were randomized to positive or neutral communication, regarding expected treatment effects. Visual Analogue Scales (0-100 millimeters) were used to measure treatment expectations and relaxation, directly before and after treatment. Results. Participants in the positive communication group reported higher treatment expectancy, compared to the neutral communication group (md 12 versus 6 mm, p = 0.002). There was no difference in relaxation effects between acupuncture groups or between communication groups. Participants with high baseline expectancy perceived greater improvement in relaxation, compared to participants with low baseline levels (md 27 versus 15 mm, p = 0.022). Conclusion. Our data highlights the importance of expectations for treatment outcome and demonstrates that expectations can be effectively manipulated using a standardized protocol that in future research may be implemented in clinical trials.
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32.
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33.
  • Spetz, Anna-Clara, et al. (författare)
  • Acupuncture as Treatment of Hot Flashes and the Possible Role of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation / Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy B. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2012:579321
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The mechanisms behind hot flashes in menopausal women are not fully understood. The flashes in women are probably preceded by and actually initiated by a sudden downward shift in the set point for the core body temperature in the thermoregulatory center that is affected by sex steroids, beta-endorphins, and other central neurotransmitters. Treatments that influence these factors may be expected to reduce hot flashes. Since therapy with sex steroids for hot flashes has appeared to cause a number of side effects and risks and women with hot flashes and breast cancer as well as men with prostate cancer and hot flashes are prevented from sex steroid therapy there is a great need for alternative therapies. Acupuncture affecting the opioid system has been suggested as an alternative treatment option for hot flashes in menopausal women and castrated men. The heat loss during hot flashes may be mediated by the potent vasodilator and sweat gland activator calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) the concentration of which increases in plasma during flashes in menopausal women and, according to one study, in castrated men with flushes. There is also evidence for connections between the opioid system and the release of CGRP. In this paper we discuss acupuncture as a treatment alternative for hot flashes and the role of CGRP in this context.
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34.
  • Sun, Jia-Qi, et al. (författare)
  • Spatholobus suberectus Column Extract Inhibits Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer via Suppressing ER MAPK PI3K/AKT Pathway
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Although Chinese herbal compounds have long been alternatively applied for cancer treatment in China, their treatment effects have not been sufficiently investigated. The Chinese herb Spatholobus suberectus is commonly prescribed to cancer patients. HPLC analysis has shown that the main components of Spatholobus suberectus are flavonoids that can be classified as phytoestrogens, having a structure similar to estrogen. This study was designed to investigate the effects of Spatholobus suberectus column extract (SSCE) on the estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and its possible molecular mechanism. In our study, MTT assay was performed to evaluate cell viability. The results show that SSCE (80, 160, and 320 mu g/ml) significantly decreased the viability of MCF-7 cells. SSCE also triggered apoptosis, arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, and inhibited cell migration. A dual-luciferase reporter system showed that SSCE suppressed intranuclear p-ER activity; Western blot analysis confirmed the repressed expression of phosphorylated-ER alpha (p-ER alpha), ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, AKT, p-AKT, p-mTOR, PI3K, and p-PI3K, indicating that SSCE suppressed the MAPK PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, our results suggest that SSCE causes apoptosis, an arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and a decrease in migration in ER+ MCF-7 cells via hypoactivity of the ER and suppression of the MAPK PI3K/AKT pathway.
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35.
  • Sun, Xu, et al. (författare)
  • Chinese Herbal Medicine as Adjunctive Therapy to Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been increasingly employed during therapy for breast cancer, but its efficacy remains a matter of debate. This systematic review examined randomized controlled trials to provide a critical evaluation of this treatment. The results demonstrated that the combined use of CHM with chemotherapy may improve the immediate tumor response and reduce chemotherapy-associated adverse events. Our findings highlight the poor quality of Chinese studies, and additional well-designed randomized controlled trials addressing the role of CHM are warranted. The lack of molecular-based evidence for CHM and Zheng has resulted in a limited understanding and acceptance of CHM and traditional Chinese medicine in Western countries. We believe that researchers should immediately explore a CHM-based cure, and CHM should be applied to routine care as soon as conclusive data are available.
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36.
  • Tahsin, Md. Rafat, et al. (författare)
  • In Vivo and In Silico Assessment of Diabetes Ameliorating Potentiality and Safety Profile of Gynura procumbens Leaves
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : HINDAWI LTD. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2022
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most notable health dilemmas. Analyzing plants for new antidiabetic remedies has become an impressive territory for life science researchers. Gynura procumbens has long been used to treat diabetes. Thus, we strived to ascertain the hypoglycemic potentiality of extract of leaves of G. procumbens by in vivo and in silico approaches.Methods: Fresh leaves of G. procumbens were collected and shade-dried to prepare ethanolic extracts to evaluate pharmacological parameters. Diabetes was induced in rats via injecting alloxan through the intraperitoneal route at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight. Humalyzer 3000 was used to perform a biochemical assay of collected samples from rats. Anti-hyperglycemic activity study along with overdose toxicity test was performed. The pharmacological activity of this plant was also evaluated through a molecular docking study. This in silico study investigated the binding affinity of natural ligands from G. procumbens against glycoside hydrolase enzymes.Results: We detected a peak plasma concentration of G. procumbens at 3 hours 45 minutes that is roughly similar to the peak plasma concentration of metformin. Again, in OGTT and anti-hyperglycemic tests, it has been ascertained that both plant extract and metformin can exert significant P < 0.05 and highly significant P < 0.01 hypoglycemic activity in a dose-dependent manner. Metformin exhibited better therapeutic efficacy than that of plant extract, but it possessed null statistical significance. Also, our safety profile expressed that, similar to metformin, the plant extract can restore the disturbed pathological state in a dose-oriented approach with a wide safety margin. In silico study also validated the potentialities of natural constituents of G. procumbens.Conclusion: This study suggested that G. procumbens can be considered as potential antidiabetic plant. Robust and meticulous investigation regarding plant chemistry and pharmacology in the future may bring about a new dimension that will aid in discovering antidiabetic drugs from this plant in the diabetes management system.
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37.
  • Thielmann, Anika, et al. (författare)
  • Self-Care for Common Colds by Primary Care Patients : A European Multicenter Survey on the Prevalence and Patterns of Practices - The COCO Study
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2016
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Patients use self-care to relieve symptoms of common colds, yet little is known about the prevalence and patterns across Europe. Methods/Design. In a cross-sectional study 27 primary care practices from 14 countries distributed 120 questionnaires to consecutive patients (≥18 years, any reason for consultation). A 27-item questionnaire asked for patients' self-care for their last common cold. Results. 3,074 patients from 27 European sites participated. Their mean age was 46.7 years, and 62.5% were females. 99% of the participants used ≥1 self-care practice. In total, 527 different practices were reported; the age-standardized mean was 11.5 (±SD 6.0) per participant. The most frequent self-care categories were foodstuffs (95%), extras at home (81%), preparations for intestinal absorption (81%), and intranasal applications (53%). Patterns were similar across all sites, while the number of practices varied between and within countries. The most frequent single practices were water (43%), honey (42%), paracetamol (38%), oranges/orange juice (38%), and staying in bed (38%). Participants used 9 times more nonpharmaceutical items than pharmaceutical items. The majority (69%) combined self-care with and without proof of evidence, while ≤1% used only evidence-based items. Discussion. This first cross-national study on self-care for common colds showed a similar pattern across sites but quantitative differences.
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38.
  • Vixner, Linda, et al. (författare)
  • Manual and Electroacupuncture for Labour Pain : Study Design of a Longitudinal Randomized Controlled Trial
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; , s. Article ID 943198-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction. Results from previous studies on acupuncture for labour pain are contradictory and lack important information on methodology. However, studies indicate that acupuncture has a positive effect on women's experiences of labour pain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of two different acupuncture stimulations, manual or electrical stimulation, compared with standard care in the relief of labour pain as the primary outcome. This paper will present in-depth information on the design of the study, following the CONSORT and STRICTA recommendations. Methods. The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial based on western medical theories. Nulliparous women with normal pregnancies admitted to the delivery ward after a spontaneous onset of labour were randomly allocated into one of three groups: manual acupuncture, electroacupuncture, or standard care. Sample size calculation gave 101 women in each group, including a total of 303 women. A Visual Analogue Scale was used for assessing pain every 30 minutes for five hours and thereafter every hour until birth. Questionnaires were distributed before treatment, directly after the birth, and at one day and two months postpartum. Blood samples were collected before and after the first treatment. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT01197950.
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39.
  • Weltermann, Birgitta M, et al. (författare)
  • Self-Care Practices for Common Colds by Primary Care Patients: Study Protocol of a European Multicenter Survey-The COCO Study.
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2015
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Self-care for common colds is frequent, yet little is known about the spectrum, regional differences, and potential risks of self-care practices in patients from various European regions. Methods/Design. We describe the study protocol for a cross-sectional survey in 27 primary care centers from 14 European countries. At all sites, 120 consecutive adult patients, who visit their general practitioner for any reason, filled in a self-administered 27-item questionnaire. This addresses patients' self-care practices for common colds. Separately, the subjective level of discomfort when having a common cold, knowing about the diseases' self-limited nature, and medical and sociodemographic data are requested. Additionally, physicians are surveyed on their use of and recommendations for self-care practices. We are interested in investigating which self-care practices for common colds are used, whether the number of self-care practices used is influenced by knowledge about the self-limited nature of the disease, and the subjective level of discomfort when having a cold and to identify potential adverse interactions with chronic physician-prescribed medications. Further factors that will be considered are, for example, demographic characteristics, chronic conditions, and sources of information for self-care practices. All descriptive and analytical statistics will be performed on the pooled dataset and stratified by country and site. Discussion. To our knowledge, COCO is the first European survey on the use of self-care practices for common colds. The study will provide new insight into patients' and general practitioners' self-care measures for common colds across Europe.
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40.
  • Wlosinska, Martiné, et al. (författare)
  • Aged garlic extract reduces IL-6 : A double-blind placebo-controlled trial in females with a low risk of cardiovascular disease
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2021
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Chronic inflammation is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether a daily supplementation of aged garlic extract (AGE) could reduce inflammation in females with low risk for cardiovascular disease. The study was conducted at a single center, as a parallel randomized placebo-controlled trial. Method. 63 females with a Framingham risk score over 10 underwent cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan. Of those, patients with a coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores less than 5 (n = 31) met the inclusion criteria and were randomized, in a double-blind manner to an intake of placebo or AGE (2400 mg daily) for 1 year. Results. Main outcome measure was changes in inflammatory biomarkers, blood pressure, fastening blood glucose, and blood lipids. A total of 29 patients (14 in the AGE group and 15 in the placebo group) completed the study and were analyzed. Females treated with AGE showed lower levels of inflammatory marker IL-6 after 12 months of treatment compared to females receiving placebo (p < 0.05). The blood lipids had a trend towards a lowering effect in females treated with AGE; however, this trend was not significant. Conclusion. The present study concludes that AGE lowers IL-6 in females with a risk profile of cardiovascular disease. We could also conclude that risk prediction with cardiac CT scan turned out to be superior in estimating the risk of cardiac disease compared to Framingham risk score.
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41.
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42.
  • Xu, Jie, et al. (författare)
  • Intake of Blueberry Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum Affects the Gut Microbiota of L-NAME Treated Rats
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics can be used as means to regulate the microbiota to exert preventative or beneficial effects to the host. However, not much is known about the effect of the gut microbiota on hypertension which is a major risk factor of cardiovascular disease and also a symptom of the metabolic syndrome. The N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) induced hypertensive rats were used in order to test the effect of a synbiotic dietary supplement of Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL19 either together with fermented blueberry or with three phenolic compounds synthesized during fermentation. The experimental diets did not lower the blood pressure after 4 weeks. However, the fermented blueberries together with live L. plantarum showed protective effect on liver cells indicated by suppressed increase of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) levels. The diversity of the caecal microbiota was neither affected by L-NAME nor the experimental diets. However, inhibition of the nitric oxide synthesis by L-NAME exerted a selection pressure that led to a shift in the bacterial composition. The mixture of fermented blueberries with the bacterial strain altered the caecal microbiota in different direction compared to L-NAME, while the three phenolic compounds together with the bacteria eliminated the selection pressure from the L-NAME.
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43.
  • Zhang, Chao, et al. (författare)
  • An Experimental Novel Study : Angelica sinensis Prevents Epidural Fibrosis in Laminectomy Rats via Downregulation of Hydroxyproline, IL-6, and TGF-beta 1
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; , s. 291814-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • With laminectomy being widely accepted as the treatment for lumbar disorders, epidural fibrosis (EF) is a common complication for both the patients and the surgeons alike. Currently, EF is thought to cause recurrent postoperative pain after laminectomy or after discectomy. Angelica sinensis is a traditional Chinese medicine which has shown anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antiproliferative properties. The object of this study was to investigate the effects of Angelica sinensis on the prevention of postlaminectomy EF formation in a rat model. A controlled double-blinded study was conducted in sixty healthy adult Wistar rats that underwent laminectomy at the L1-L2 levels. They were divided randomly into 3 groups according to the treatment method, with 20 in each group: (1) Angelica sinensis treatment group, (2) saline treatment group, and (3) sham group (laminectomy without treatment). All rats were euthanized humanely 4 weeks after laminectomy. The hydroxyproline content, Rydell score, vimentin cells density, fibroblasts density, inflammatory cells density, and inflammatory factors expressions all suggested better results in Angelica sinensis group than the other two groups. Topical application of Angelica sinensis could inhibit fibroblasts proliferation and TGF-beta 1 and IL-6 expressions and prevent epidural scar adhesion in postlaminectomy rat model.
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44.
  • Zhang, WB, et al. (författare)
  • Classic and Modern Meridian Studies: A Review of Low Hydraulic Resistance Channels along Meridians and Their Relevance for Therapeutic Effects in Traditional Chinese Medicine
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2015, s. 410979-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Meridian theory is one of the core components of the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It gives an integral explanation for how human life works, how a disease forms, and how a therapy acts to treat a disease. If we do not understand the meridians, it is hard to understand the TCM. People in China and abroad had been working hard for 50 years, trying to understand the meridians; then 15 years ago a breakthrough idea appeared when we realized that they are low resistance fluid channels where various chemical and physical transports take place. The channel is called low hydraulic resistance channel (LHRC) and the chemical transport is named volume transmission (VT). This review aims to give a full understanding of the essence of meridian and its works on the therapies of TCM.
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45.
  • Zhang, Y, et al. (författare)
  • Differences between Male and Female Consumers of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in a National US Population: A Secondary Analysis of 2012 NIHS Data
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2015, s. 413173-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We examined the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2012 to explore how US adult consumers of CAM differ by gender in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics, current health conditions, and perceived benefits of CAM. All individuals who completed the adults core interviews (N= 34,525) were included. CAM use, major sociodemographic variables, perceived benefits of using CAM, and top ten reported health conditions for which CAM was used were selected and analyzed by Stata. Findings revealed that 29.6% (n= 10,181) reported having used at least one form of CAM in the previous 12 months. Compared to male CAM users, female CAM users were more likely to have a bachelor degree, to be divorced/separated or widowed, and less likely to earn $75,000 or more. Back pain/problem was the most common problem reported by both male and female CAM users (32.2% and 22.6%, resp.). A higher proportion of female CAM users reported using CAM for perceived benefits such as general wellness or general disease prevention. This paper provides foundation information regarding gender differences in CAM use and is a platform for further in-depth examination into how and why males and females differ in their reasons for CAM use.
  •  
46.
  • Zou, ZF, et al. (författare)
  • Tyrosine Kinase Receptors Axl and MerTK Mediate the Beneficial Effect of Electroacupuncture in a Cuprizone-Induced Demyelinating Model
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288. ; 2020, s. 3205176-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Electroacupuncture has been shown to promote remyelination in a demyelinating model of multiple sclerosis (MS) through enhanced microglial clearance of degraded myelin debris. However, the mechanisms involved in this process are yet to be clearly elucidated. It has been revealed that TAM receptor tyrosine kinases (Tyro3, Axl, and MerTK) play pivotal roles in regulating multiple features of microglia, including the phagocytic function and myelin clearance. Therefore, the aim of this study is to further confirm whether electroacupuncture improves functional recovery in this model and to characterise the involvement of the TAM receptor during this process. In addition to naive control mice, a cuprizone-induced demyelinating model was established, and long-term electroacupuncture treatment was administrated. To evaluate the efficiency of functional recovery following demyelination, we performed beam-walking test and rotarod performance test; to objectify the degree of remyelination, we performed transmission electron microscopy and protein quantification of mature oligodendrocyte markers. Oil Red O staining was used to evaluate the deposit of myelin debris. We confirmed that, in cuprizone-treated mice, electroacupuncture significantly ameliorates motor-coordinative dysfunction and counteracts demyelinating processes, with less deposit of myelin debris accumulating in the corpus callosum. Surprisingly, mRNA expression of TAM receptors was significantly upregulated after electroacupuncture treatment, and we further confirmed an increased protein expression of Axl and MerTK after electroacupuncture treatment, indicating their involvement during electroacupuncture treatment. Finally, LDC1267, a selective TAM kinase inhibitor, abolished the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture on motor-coordinative dysfunction. Overall, our data demonstrate that electroacupuncture could mitigate the progression of demyelination by enhancing the TAM receptor expression to facilitate the clearance of myelin debris. Our results also suggest that electroacupuncture may be a potential curative treatment for MS patients.
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