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1.	Angerbjörn, Anders, et al. (författare) Stable isotope analysis of harbour porpoises and their prey from the Baltic and Kattegat/Skagerrak Seas 2006 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 2:6, s. 411-419 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The by-caught harbour porpoises in commercial fisheries have raised concerns over their conservation status in the Baltic region. One important aspect for management purposes is porpoise movements within the region. We measured stable isotopes in cod, herring and hagfish, species that are important prey for harbour porpoises in the Baltic region. Bone collagen in fish from the marine Kattegat/Skagerrak was significantly enriched in C-13 compared with collagen in fish from the brackish Baltic Sea. However, despite the isotopic variation seen in their prey, we found no difference in C-13 in harbour porpoise collagen from the two areas. In fact, only eight of 24 porpoises had isotope signatures corresponding to those estimated for the diet in the area where they were caught. Our general conclusion is that porpoises move between the Baltic and Kattegat/Skagerrak Seas. Future studies are needed to evaluate the magnitude of these movements.
2.	Athanasiadis, Athanasios (författare) A study of the type material of Lithophyllum hibernicum (Lithophyllaceae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta) with comments on L. bathyporum and L. incrustans 2020 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 16:1, s. 68-76 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The original material of Lithophyllum hibernicum Foslie was re-examined and two different species, unequally represented in the collection were found: most thalli belong to a sterile species of Lithophyllum, represented in the protologue by elements related to cell size and coaxial arrangement. A few sterile thalli belong to Lithothamnion cf. corallioides, and this species is also represented in the protologue by a single statement of branch size. Yet, the species of Lithophyllum is the sole representative in Foslie's unpublished materials included in the type collection in TRH. A previous lectotypification, contradicting Art. 9.14 (that demands the type to correspond to its original description rather than to a certain taxonomic concept), is sustained because it preserves Foslie's intent. The lectotype of L. hibernicum is a sterile, branched rhodolith with characteristic cup- or funnel-shaped formations on its thallus. Syntypes are inhabited by an endo-, epiphytic species of Gelidiales forming openings resembling conceptacle ostioles. Molecular comparison with topotypes is needed before synonymy with the common epilithic species Lithophyllum bathyporum in the NE Atlantic should be accepted.
3.	Athanasiadis, Athanasios (författare) Amphithallia, a genus with four-celled carpogonial branches and connecting filaments in the Corallinales (Rhodophyta) 2019 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 15:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The South African marine alga Amphithallia crassiuscula, previously subsumed in the widely reported Synarthrophyton patena, is here re-described as a distinct species and genus. Thalli grow as obligate epiphytes on Gelidium capense in the upper sublittoral zone (while S. patena grows on Ballia callitricha). Gametophytes are monoecious with four-celled carpogonial branches and sterile cells are borne on supporting cells (dioecious or hermaphroditic with two or three-celled carpogonial branches and sterile cells borne on hypogynous cells in Synarthrophyton). Postfertilization stages involve a connecting filament linking the carpogonium to several putative auxiliary cells, demonstrating a non-procarpic condition with apparent absence of a fusion cell. Gonimoblast filaments develop at the level of basal cells of carpogonial branches. Spermatangial mother cells remain either unbranched (cutting off spermatangia only) or develop dendroid (branched) filaments with terminal spermatangia (as in Synarthrophyton). Multiporate conceptacles develop straight pore canals lined by non-differentiated cells (conical canals with differentiated pore cells along the base in Synarthrophyton). The here described pre- and post-fertilization characters are new for the order Corallinales motivating the establishment of the new genus Amphithallia. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
4.	Athanasiadis, Athanasios (författare) Canal differentiation in multiporate conceptacles of Mesophyllaceae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta), with recognition of Thallis gen. nov. from South Africa, and Perithallis gen. nov., Printziana gen. nov. and Sunesonia gen. nov. from southern Australia-New Zealand-Chatham 2021 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 17:9-10, s. 904-45 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The structure of canals in multiporate conceptacles of Mesophyllaceae is analysed and several distinct types are recognized. In what appears to be the plesiomorphic condition, canals are straight and bordered by non-differentiated pore cells. In the majority of Mesophyllaceae, pore cells are thinner-wider, starting from basal cells and extending towards the apical opening. This can be coupled with development of triangular (conical) or pyriform canals. Other modifications occur at species or genus level, or across several genera, the most distinctive being formation of cell bars (Phragmope discrepans), elongate basal cells (Melyvonnea), or branched pore filaments composed of fewer cells than adjacent roof filaments and provided with elongate subbasal (or basal and subbasal) cells (Thallis-Perithallis, respectively Printziana-Sunesonia). In Thallis-Perithallis-Sunesonia-Melyvonnea, pore filaments are composed of fewer cells than adjacent roof filaments and terminate below the roof surface. It is postulated that the elongate basal cells in Melyvonnea resulted after loss of basally branched pore cells, an evolutionary step that finds justification in the new genus Sunesonia where homologous cells become reduced or deteriorated. A new thallus organization (aniso-bilateral) characterized by a diminutive ventral perithallium distinguishes Perithallis. Nine new taxa are described, including accounts of their historical record, typifications, comparison of their types to new collections, and the published molecular work that provides further support: Thallis capensis gen. & sp. nov., Perithallis incisa gen. et comb. nov., P. chathamensis (Foslie) nov. comb., Printziana australis gen. & nom. nov. and Sunesonia pseuderubescens gen. et sp. nov.
5.	Athanasiadis, Athanasios (författare) Leptophytum flavescens comb. nov. (Corallinales, Rhodophyta), an Arctic endemic from the sublittoral of NW Spitsbergen, North Norway, and western Novaya Zemlya, with epitypification of L. laeve 2016 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 12:5, s. 551-558 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Type material of Lithothamnion flavescens Kjellman, originally described from Karlsøy (Troms) and Karmakul Bay (Novaya Zemlya), is re-examined and a lectotype is selected. Type specimens and other collections from NW Spitsbergen and North Norway possess distinctive characters of the genus Leptophytum, including the development of flattened epithallial cells, short subepithallial cells, and simple spermatangial structures. Leptophytum flavescens (Kjellman) comb. nov. resembles the generitype Leptophytum laeve, differing in having: (1) a thicker perithallium, to 900µm (vs. 350µm in L. laeve), that embeds older conceptacles, and (2) non-differentiated (in size or shape) pore cells of multiporate roofs. An epitype for L. laeve is also selected, which consolidates the status of this species and the genus, in agreement with the current literature and all publications prior to 1996.
6.	Athanasiadis, Athanasios (författare) Phragmope discrepans, gen. & comb. nov. (Mesophyllaceae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta), the species known as 'Mesophyllum engelhartii' from South Africa 2020 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 16:6-7, s. 532-549 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Phragmope discrepans (Lithothamnion discrepans) is recognized as a new monotypic genus endemic to South Africa on account of several active modes of growth, including apical meristem replacement, production of cell bars in canals of multiporate conceptacles, and development of a second compact, imperforate roof over multiporate conceptacles. Meristem replacement involves up to three layers. Development of cell bars starts with production of projecting cells from basal cells of lining filaments, and these cells subsequently coalesce to form a barrier. Subepithallial divisions produce a second compact roof that is composed of 1-2 perithallial cells and a layer of epithallial cells. It is assumed that these novelties reflect evolutionary advancements to overcome competion and the environmental pressure that Phragmope experiences in the intertidal zone. The new genus is taxonomically distant to the Northern Hemisphere genus Mesophyllum, and relates closer to taxa from the Southern Hemisphere, including Melyvonnea that occurs in South Africa and species of Mesophyllum sensu lato from Chatham-New Zealand-Australia, which collectively display a reduced fusion cell and lack of a pedestal in carposporangial conceptacles. Previous molecular studies based on SSU rDNA sequences and including an isolate of 'M. engelhartii' from South Africa support the same view. It is shown that the name 'Fam.Mesophylleae Dum.' Heeg [1891. Niederosterreiehische Lebermoose.- Verhandl. der k.k. zool.-botan. Gesellsch. in Wien 41:567-573] in Leverworts is invalid. Hence Mesophyllaceae Athanasiadis [2016. Phycologia Europaea Rhodophyta, Vols 1 & 2. Published by the author, Gothenburg. xlviii + 1504 pages] is available in the Corallinales (including Hapalidiales), while Mesophyllumaceae Schneider & Wynne (2019. Fourth addendum to the synoptic review of red algal genera. Botanica Marina. 62:355-367) becomes a later synonym.
7.	Berggren, Matz S., 1950 (författare) Book review: Decapod crustacean phylogenetics 2010 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 6, s. 221-222 Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
8.	Burdett, Heidi L., et al. (författare) The effect of chronic and acute low pH on the intracellular DMSP production and epithelial cell morphology of red coralline algae 2012 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 8:8, s. 756-763 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The release of dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) by marine algae has major impacts on the global sulphur cycle and may influence local climate through the formation of dimethylsulphide (DMS). However, the effect of global change on DMSP/DMS (DMS(P)) production by algae is not well understood. This study examined the effect of low pH on DMS(P) production and epithelial cell morphology of the free-living red coralline alga Lithothamnion glaciale. Three pH treatments were used in the 80-day experiment: (1) current pH level (8.18, control), (2) low, chronic pH representing a 2100 ocean acidification (OA) scenario (7.70) and (3) low, acute pH (7.75, with a 3-day spike to 6.47), representing acute variable conditions that might be associated with leaks from carbon capture and storage infrastructure, at CO2 vent sites or in areas of upwelling. DMS(P) production was not significantly enhanced under low, stable pH conditions, indicating that red coralline algae may have some resilience to OA. However, intracellular and water column DMS(P) concentrations were significantly higher than the control when pH was acutely spiked. Cracks were observed between the cell walls of the algal skeleton in both low pH treatments. It is proposed that this structural change may cause membrane damage that allows DMS(P) to leak from the cells into the water column, with subsequent implications for the cycling of DMS(P) in coralline algae habitats.
9.	Danise, S., et al. (författare) Molluscs from a shallow-water whale-fall and their affinities with adjacent benthic communities on the Swedish west coast 2014 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 10:1, s. 3-16 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We conducted a species-level study of molluscs associated with a 5-m long carcass of a minke whale at a depth of 125 m in the Kosterfjord (North Sea, Sweden). The whale-fall community was quantitatively compared with the community commonly living in the surrounding soft-bottom sediments. Five years after the deployment of the dead whale at the sea floor, the sediments around the carcass were dominated by the bivalve Thyasira sarsi, which is known to contain endosymbiotic sulphur-oxidizing bacteria, while background sediments were dominated by another thyasirid, T. equalis, less dependent on chemosynthesis for its nutrition. The Kosterfjord samples were further compared at the species level with mollusc abundance data derived from the literature, including samples from different marine settings of the west coast of Sweden (active methane seep, fjords, coastal and open marine environments). The results show high similarity between the Kosterfjord whale-fall community and the community that developed in one of the Swedish fjords (Gullmar Fjord) during hypoxic conditions. This study indicates that at shallow-water whale-falls, the sulphophilic stage of the ecological succession is characterized by generalist chemosynthetic bivalves commonly living in organic-rich, sulphidic environments.
10.	Eriksson, Susanne P., 1964 (författare) Differences in the condition of Norway lobsters (Nephrops norvegicus (L.)) from trawled and creeled fishing areas 2006 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 2:1, s. 52-58 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The condition of trawled and creeled Norway lobsters, Nephrops norvegicus, was compared in individuals caught along the Swedish west coast. Female and male N. norvegicus were collected from trawled and creeled areas in the spring and autumn. Their nutritional state was determined by analysing individuals for haemocyanin concentration, the dry weight/wet weight relationship in muscle and hepatopancreas and the percentage dry weight of muscle and hepatopancreas of total animal dry weight. All parameters were measured on an individual basis and checked for size dependence. Creeled individuals were generally found to be in better condition than individuals from trawled areas, and animal condition increased from spring to autumn. Autumn males from creeled sites were overall in the best condition, having the highest mean haemocyanin concentration, muscle and hepatopancreas dry weight/wet weight relationship and percentage dry weight of muscle tissue. Claw symmetry ( paired cutters) was suggested as an indicator of limb loss, with the highest occurrence found in females from trawled sites. Crusher absence had no effect on the animal's individual percentage dry weight of muscle, although the mean was lower in trawled females than in other groups. Resource limitation and physical stress are discussed as possible underlying factors affecting the observed differences.
11.	Forslund, Helena, 1978-, et al. (författare) Grazing and geographic range of the Baltic seaweed Fucus radicans (Phaeophyceae) 2012 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 8:4, s. 322-330 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The range of the recently described seaweed Fucus radicans is limited to the Bothnian Sea and the northern Baltic Sea while the range of the sympatric Fucus vesiculosus extends outside the Baltic Sea. Here we present results from a survey of the distribution and relative abundance of F. radicans and F. vesiculosus and abundance of associated herbivores along the range of F. radicans in Sweden. Both Fucus species were equally common. Herbivores were found in significantly higher numbers on F. radicans. The range of the herbivore Idotea balthica overlaps the southern range of F. radicans and is known to decrease the abundance of fucoids through grazing. We therefore hypothesized that if I. balthica has a preference for F. radicans it could affect the range of F. radicans. To test the preference of I. balthica we performed a bioassay where it had a choice between F. radicans and F. vesiculosus. Another bioassay was performed with the most common herbivore in our survey, Gammarus spp. Both herbivores consumed significantly more F. radicans than F. vesiculosus. Our results indicate that grazing may be an important factor in limiting the southern range of F. radicans along the Swedish coast.
12.	Forslund, Helena, et al. (författare) Reproduction and reproductive isolation in Fucus radicans (Phaeophyceae) 2013 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 9:3, s. 262-267 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Recent morphological and genetic studies show that Fucus radicans is a separate species from the sympatric F. vesiculosus. Fucus radicans recently diverged from F. vesiculosus in the Baltic Sea where populations grow in mixed stands. Thus, strong reproductive barriers are expected to be in place to prevent introgression. The seasonal timing of reproduction of the two species in Estonia was shown to be different, likely forming an effective pre-zygotic reproductive barrier. In Sweden, however, no such temporal difference was found. We artificially crossed Swedish F. radicans and F. vesiculosus to identify other potential reproductive barriers. Fertilization success and survival was equally high within and between species in the artificial crossings, suggesting no early post-zygote barriers. Both species recruit new thalli both sexually and asexually, but F. radicans is generally more asexual than F. vesiculosus. By studying their reproductive efforts we found that Swedish F. radicans allocates more resources to adventitious branches than to gamete production compared to F. radicans in Estonia and F. vesiculosus in both Sweden and Estonia. This indicates that Swedish F. radicans has an asexual reproductive strategy while Estonian F. radicans and F. vesiculosus have sexual reproductive strategies.
13.	Forslund, Helena, 1978-, et al. (författare) Reproduction and reproductive isolation in Fucus radicans (Phaeophyceae) Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Recent morphological and genetic studies show that Fucus radicans is a separate species from the sympatric F. vesiculosus. Fucus radicans recently diverged from F. vesiculosus in the Baltic Sea where populations grow in mixed stands. Thus, strong reproductive barriers are expected to be in place to prevent introgression. The seasonal timing of reproduction of the two species in Estonia was shown to be different, likely forming an effective pre-zygotic reproductive barrier. In Sweden, however, no such temporal difference was found. We artificially crossed Swedish F. radicans and F. vesiculosus to identify other potential reproductive barriers. Fertilization success and survival was equally high within and between species in the artificial crossings, suggesting no early post-zygote barriers. Both species recruit new thalli both sexually and asexually, but F. radicans is generally more asexual than F. vesiculosus. By studying their reproductive efforts we found that Swedish F. radicans allocates more resources to adventitious branches than to gamete production compared to F. radicans in Estonia and F. vesiculosus in both Sweden and Estonia. This indicates that Swedish F. radicans has an asexual reproductive strategy while Estonian F. radicans and F. vesiculosus have sexual reproductive strategies.
14.	Gunnarsson, Karl, et al. (författare) The brown alga Fucus radicans suffers heavy grazing by the isopod Idotea baltica 2012 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 8:1, s. 87-89 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In 2005, a perennial brown alga in the Baltic Sea was recognized as a species on its own and named Fucus radicans (Bergström & Kautsky). This fucoid forms belts like does bladderwrack, Fucus vesiculosus L., its closest relative. These seaweeds are inhabited by many small animals, for example the isopod Idotea baltica (Pallas, 1772). Along the Swedish coasts of the Baltic Sea, F. radicans is found primarily in the northern half, i.e. the Gulf of Bothnia. I. baltica is common in the seaweeds of the southern half of the Baltic Sea, the Baltic proper, but is uncommon further north in the Bothnian Sea and nonexistent in the northernmost Bay of Bothnia. I. baltica is well able to graze down seaweeds in an area. In a field experiment, we here show that I. baltica, given a choice between the two algae species, prefers to graze on F. radicans rather than on F. vesiculosus. This may be one of the most important factors restricting F. radicans to the northern areas of the Baltic, where I. baltica is uncommon.
15.	Israelsson, Olle (författare) Xenoturbella (Deuterostomia) probably feeds on dissolved organic matter 2008 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 4:5, s. 384-391 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The enigmatic deuterostome Xenoturbella does ubiquitously contain exogenous nucleic acids. This has been used in several papers as proof of selective feeding by Xenoturbella on nuculid bivalves. However, their feeding biology is unknown and exogenous nucleic acids might not originate from their main nutrient source. I have examined the possible pathways of nutrient uptake. The animals neither took up cells nor dissolved dyes through the 'mouth'. Instead, they possessed extensive pinocytosis through the epidermis. Therefore, it is probable that the main source of nutrients is dissolved organic matter uptaken through the epidermis. This does not exclude that phagocytosis in the gastrodermis does occur, e.g. due to direct expose of the gastrodermis during asexual reproduction. The ubiquitously present exogenous nucleic acids in Xenoturbella probably do originate from such events and not from their main food source.
16.	Kvalø Heggøy, K, et al. (författare) The phylogeny of the annelid genus Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae) 2007 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 3:6, s. 412-420 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Ophyotrocha is easy to keep in the laboratory and has therefore been used in several studies of evolution and speciation. The phylogenetic relationships within the group are, however, still not clear and morphological and molecular data are contradictory. Here we attempt to shed light on the phylogeny by adding an additional gene (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) to the previous analyses of the group. However, the results are still incongruent with the results from the morphological data. We also include a species of the genus Iphitime, and conclude that this species falls within the Ophryotrocha clade. The implications are discussed.
17.	Kånneby, Tobias, 1981-, et al. (författare) Two new species of Musellifer (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) from Florida and Tobago and the systematic placement of the genus within Paucitubulatina 2014 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 10:10, s. 983-995 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Two new species of marine Gastrotricha, Musellifer reichardti sp. nov. and Musellifer tridentatus sp. nov. (Chaetonotida: Paucitubulatina: Muselliferidae), are described from the Atlantic coast of Florida (USA) and the west coast of Tobago (Trinidad and Tobago), respectively. Both new species are peculiar in that they lack a muzzle bearing the mouth, which is a diagnostic character of the genus. They correspond well to the diagnosis of Musellifer in other morphological features, and genetic data from the 18S rDNA gene of M. reichardti sp. nov. further support the inclusion of the new species in the genus Musellifer. Musellifer reichardti sp. nov. is distinguished by the following combination of characters: blunt head with reduced muzzle; dorsal patches of naked cuticle bearing sensory cilia on either side of the head; ventral locomotory cilia restricted to the pharyngeal region; spined scales; caudal furca with naked adhesive tubes. The new species is a simultaneous hermaphrodite with posterior paired ovaries, paired testes located at mid-body length, and a posterior frontal organ. M. tridentatus sp. nov. is the first species within the genus exhibiting two types of dorsal/lateral scales: anteriormost dorsal and lateral trident-shaped scales and smooth strongly overlapping dorsal scales. The systematic placement of Musellifer within the Paucitubulatina is discussed and emended diagnoses are given for Muselliferidae and Musellifer.
18.	Matamoros, Lisa, 1979, et al. (författare) A new species within the genus Marionina (Enchytraeidae: Annelida: Clitellata) from the southern Black Sea 2007 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 3:6, s. 397-402 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
19.	Mgeleka, Said S. S., et al. (författare) Population genetics of the hound needlefish Tylosurus crocodilus (Belonidae) indicate high connectivity in Tanzanian coastal waters 2023 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 19:4-5, s. 261-270 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The hound needlefish Tylosurus crocodilus (Belonidae) is a highly demanded fish in the local markets of Tanzania, but the growing coastal population threatens its sustainability. As belonids are highly migratory fishes utilising various parts of the seascape, increased fishing pressure may disrupt connectivity patterns on different spatiotemporal scales and disaggregate populations. Using the COI gene, this study assessed the genetic population structure, connectivity patterns, and historical demography of T. crocodilus collected in seven sites spread along Tanzanian coastal waters. Results showed fourteen haplotypes with low overall nucleotide and haplotype diversity. Pairwise F-ST comparisons revealed no significant differences among the sampled sites, except for the northernmost site (Tanga) and an island in the south (Songosongo). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a non-significant genetic structure among populations (F-ST = 0.01782), suggesting the fishery across Tanzanian waters exploits the same population. Moreover, there was no correlative relationship between genetic and pairwise geographic distances, rejecting the isolation by distance hypothesis. However, neutrality tests and mismatch distribution analysis revealed that recent demographic expansion might exist. Empirical evidence of panmixia suggests high genetic connectivity. In combination with low genetic diversity, management should be directed to actions that prevent genetic diversity loss and the effect of genetic drift on populations.
20.	Nyberg, Cecilia D, 1977, et al. (författare) Long-term survival of an introduced red alga in adverse conditions 2009 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 5:3, s. 304-308 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
21.	Paxton, H., et al. (författare) Redescription of Ophryotrocha puerilis and O. labronica (Annelida, Dorvilleidae) 2007 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 3:1, s. 3-19 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract For more than a century, it has been pointed out that most features of the original description of Ophryotrocha puerilis Claparède & Mecznikow, 1869, probably based on a mixed population of two sympatric species, agree better with the subsequently described O. labronica La Greca & Bacci, 1962. Although O. labronica was described as a protandrous hermaphrodite that could self-fertilize, the widely distributed species is mainly gonochoristic. We will designate neotypes, redescribe these two polychaetes and review their reproduction and development to remove any confusion and uncertainty surrounding the identity of these two well-known polychaetes. We will also discuss the growth and replacement of the maxillary apparatus and the morphology and distribution of the rosette glands, providing support for the molecular phylogeny of selected Ophryotrocha species.
22.	Schander, Christoffer, et al. (författare) The fauna of hydrothermal vents on the Mohn Ridge (North Atlantic) 2010 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 6:2, s. 155-171 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
23.	Šulčius, Sigitas, et al. (författare) Viruses of microorganisms in the Baltic Sea : current state of research and perspectives 2016 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 12:2, s. 115-124 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This paper reviews the current state of research into viruses of microorganisms in the Baltic Sea. Field and experimental studies reveal the great phenotypic and genotypic variety of the Baltic Sea viruses and highlights the importance of phages in the Baltic Sea food-web dynamics. In total, 93 virus isolates from the Baltic Sea have been described, the genome sequence being available for 39 of these. However, these isolates were derived from only eight host species and, therefore, underrepresent the overall viral diversity in the Baltic Sea. The most studied group of viruses is bacteriophages that infect Bacteroidetes, whereas, by contrast, phages of Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, as well as algal viruses, have been investigated to a lesser extent. No reports on viruses infecting Baltic Sea fungi and archaea isolates have been reported to date. This paper also identifies gaps in our knowledge of the aquatic virology of the Baltic Sea and emphasizes the need for more comprehensive analysis of those viruses that occur in one of the world’s largest brackish water ecosystems.
24.	Sundin, Josefin, et al. (författare) Hypoxia delays mating in the broad-nosed pipefish 2015 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 11:7, s. 747-754 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Courtship is an important part of the reproductive process, ensuring reproductive compatibility and conveying individual quality. One factor in aquatic environments that has the potential to influence courtship behaviours and mating propensity is the level of dissolved oxygen. Furthermore, hypoxic areas are currently spreading due to anthropogenic disturbance, such as eutrophication. In marine environments, hypoxia often occurs in shallow coastal regions that are particularly important areas for reproduction. Here, we investigated how types of reproductive behaviour were affected by mild hypoxia using the well-studied broad-nosed pipefish, Syngnathus typhle. More precisely, we investigated the impact of acute hypoxia on the reproductive behaviour preceding mating, and on the probability of mating, as well as on the latency until these occurred. We found that the latency period to courting and copulation occurring was prolonged in the low-oxygen environment. However, the total time spent courting as well as the probability of mating was unaffected by hypoxia. Other types of reproductive behaviour found in this species, such as dancing, and the unique male pouch-flap behaviour, were also unaffected by the low-oxygen treatment. We conclude that although latency to courting and copulating was prolonged in the hypoxic environment, most reproductive behaviour investigated was unaffected by hypoxia. Thus, hypoxia commonly occurring in shallow coastal regions has the potential to delay certain components of reproduction, but overall the broad-nosed pipefish shows robustness to hypoxic conditions.
25.	Taubenberger, S., et al. (författare) Spectroscopy of the Type Ia supernova 2011fe past 1000 d 2015 Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966 .- 1745-3925 .- 1745-3933. ; 448:1, s. L48-L52 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this Letter we present an optical spectrum of SN 2011fe taken 1034 d after the explosion, several hundred days later than any other spectrum of a Type Ia supernova (disregarding light-echo spectra and Local Group remnants). The spectrum is still dominated by broad emission features, with no trace of a light echo or interaction of the supernova ejecta with surrounding interstellar material. Comparing this extremely late spectrum to an earlier one taken 331 d after the explosion, we find that the most prominent feature at 331 d - [Fe III] emission around 4700 angstrom - has entirely faded away, suggesting a significant change in the ionization state. Instead, [Fe II] lines are probably responsible for most of the emission at 1034 d. An emission feature at 6300-6400 angstrom has newly developed at 1034 d, which we tentatively identify with Fe I lambda 6359, [Fe I] lambda lambda 6231, 6394 or [O I] lambda lambda 6300, 6364. Interestingly, the features in the 1034 d spectrum seem to be collectively redshifted, a phenomenon that we currently have no convincing explanation for. We discuss the implications of our findings for explosion models, but conclude that sophisticated spectral modelling is required for any firm statement.
26.	Tönnesson, Kajsa, 1971, et al. (författare) Grazing impact of Oikopleura dioica and copepods on an autumn plankton community 2005 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 1:5, s. 365-373 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Copepods and appendicularians are major grazers in the pelagic environment. They have different retention efficiencies for prey and may therefore exert a variable grazing pressure on the spectrum of pico- to micro-plankton. We determined clearance rates of both groups at one station during 24 h in the Gullmar fjord, west Sweden, in autumn 1999. Total potential prey biomass ranged from 75 mu g C l(-1) at the surface to 14 mu g C l(-1) at 30 m with a dominance of larger dinoflagellates (10-25 mu m athecate species and Gymnodinium /Gyrodinium sp.) and the pennate diatom Pseudo -nitzschia sp. Grazer biomass was dominated by copepods (Acartia clausi, Paracalanus parvus) and appendicularians (Oikopleura dioica). O. dioica showed non-selective clearance rates of 0.7-1.8 ml mu g C-1 h(-1) on most diatoms, flagellates and ciliates, whereas Pseudo -nitzschia sp. and dinoflagellates and ciliates > 25 mu m were not removed by O. dioica. Appendicularian grazing impact was 0.06% d(-1) on the phytoplankton and 0.4% d(-1) on bacterial biomass. Despite a seven-fold higher biomass, the grazing impact of copepods on phytoplankton biomass was only 0.28% d(-1) indicating that O. dioica had a proportionally greater impact and, in contrast to copepods, also utilised bacteria. The low observed grazing impact was due to a low grazer biomass and a prey community largely unavailable to the investigated grazers.
27.	van Duyl, F. C., et al. (författare) Dark CO2 fixation into phospholipid-derived fatty acids by the cold-water coral associated sponge Hymedesmia (Stylopus) coriacea (Tisler Reef, NE Skagerrak) 2020 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 16:1, s. 1-17 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Many cold-water sponges harbour microorganisms of which the role in the sponge host remains enigmatic. Here, we show a transfer of fixed inorganic carbon by sponge-associated microbes to its host, the cold-water coral encrusting sponge Hymedesmia (Stylopus) coriacea. Sponge were collected at approx. 100 m depth and incubated for 1.5–2.5 days with 13C labelled dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as tracer. Total DIC fixation rates ranged from 0.03–0.11 mmol C × mmol Csponge × d−1. 13C-tracer was recovered in bacterial-specific (i.e. short and branched) and sponge-specific (very long-chained) phospholipid-derived fatty acids (PLFA's), but was not incorporated into archaeal lipids. 13C-incorporation in biomarkers such as C16:1w7c and C18:1w7c indicated that nitrifying and/or sulphur-oxidizing bacteria (chemoautotrophs) were likely active in the sponge. Trophic transfer of microbially-fixed carbon to the sponge host was confirmed by recovery of label in very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA's) including C26:2 and C26:3. Tracer accumulation into several VLCFA's continued after removal of 13C-DIC, while tracer in most bacteria-specific PLFA's declined, indicating a transfer and elongation of bacterial-specific PLFA's to sponge-specific PLFA's. This implies that PLFA precursors released from chemo- as well as heterotrophic microbes in sponges contributed to the synthesis of VLCFA's, identifying sponge-associated bacteria as symbionts of the sponge. © 2020, © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
28.	Vesterinen, Eero (författare) First in situ observations of the free-floating gelatinous matrix of blackbelly rosefish Helicolenus dactylopterus (Delaroche, 1809) 2021 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 17, s. 634-645 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Reproductive mode in blackbelly rosefish, Helicolenus dactylopterus, has been debated since around 1900, and to our knowledge, there is no previous report on free-floating egg masses of H. dactylopterus. Some authors claim a viviparous strategy, others oviparous, or that the species displays a zygoparous or embryoparous form of oviparity. The most recent publications (ovarian studies) consider H. dactylopterus as zygoparous due to release of developing zygotes in the early phases of development. We report on the first free-floating, gelatinous egg mass matrices of H. dactylopterus, observed in situ. The first egg matrix was observed from Haganes, Bergen, Norway on 10 April 2020, at 20 cm depth. Live eggs were mostly of the same size (similar to 1 mm), and at late blastula stage. Ethanol-preserved eggs were obtained for DNA barcoding, employing sequences from the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI). COI showed 100% similarity with sequences of adult H. dactylopterus. The second egg matrix was observed from Drengevika, Sveio on 12 April 2021, while diving at 15 m depth. Helicolenus dactylopterus is previously known for internal fertilization, and the in situ observations of these free-floating matrices, including embryos at late blastula stage, confirms theories of a zygoparous strategy.
29.	Wilhelmsson, Dan, et al. (författare) Effects of high-relief structures on cold-temperate fish assemblages: a field experiment 2006 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 2:2, s. 136-147 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract High-relief structures may influence the abundance and diversity of reef-associated fish. We conducted a field experiment to investigate whether the presence of vertical structures (PVC pipes) affects fish communities on artificial reefs. The effect of the height of the structures (1 and 3 m) was also tested. Furthermore, the effects on fish of placing artificial reefs on otherwise featureless bottoms were quantified. Algal and macro-invertebrate colonization of the reefs was also recorded. The experiment was carried out on the west coast of Sweden over a period of 1 year. The vertical structures had a positive effect on fish abundance but not on diversity. The height of the structures did not, however, influence the fish communities. Natural as well as urban vertical structures on the seafloor could have a positive effect on local fish abundance. The positive effects of artificial reefs on total fish abundance and diversity were immediate. Of the 10 species recorded, two, the black goby Gobius niger and the goldsinny wrasse Ctenolabrus rupestris , dominated over the whole survey period. There were significant temporal differences in fish abundance, and diversity increased with time.
30.	Åkesson, Bertil, 1927, et al. (författare) Biogeography and incipient speciation in Ophryotrocha labronica (Polychaeta, Dorvilleidae) 2005 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 1:2, s. 127-139 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Crossing experiments were conducted between the Naples I (NI) strain of Ophryotrocha labronica labronica, three strains of O. l. pacifica from Japan (M3), Hawaii (WH) and Los Angeles (LA), two strains of O. labronica from Australia and one from an unknown origin, discovered in a Moscow aquarium, to determine the relationships between the European and Pacific subspecies, and the newly discovered strains. Previously published data combined with new results revealed several stages in the process of speciation within the sibling group. Interpopulation crosses yielded an increased sex ratio that appears to be positively related to genetic distance and to the sex ratio of the parent strains. Fecundity data demonstrated that the three northern Pacific strains are more closely related to each other than to any other strain, confirming that they are a valid subspecies, and indicate that they are the result of natural distribution. The strain of unknown origin as well as the Australian strains clearly belong to O. l. labronica. Its isolated presence in the South Pacific may be a remnant of an earlier wider distribution or an introduction of the Mediterranean population, as the life histories of Ophryotrocha species have made them prime candidates for anthropogenic dispersals.
31.	Öberg, Jörgen, 1958 (författare) Model simulations of conditions suitable for the establishment of Enteromorpha sp (Chlorophyta) macroalgal mats 2005 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-1000 .- 1745-1019. ; 1:2, s. 97-106 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Floating mats of algae regularly appear in shallow bays in many coastal areas around the world. This paper presents a model that simulates the growth of ephemeral macroalgae in shallow bays, and interprets the growth according to physical and biological prerequisites. Model runs emphasized the role of internal nutrient cycling to provide the enhanced nutrient availability needed to ensure abundant growth of macroalgae. Thus, the presence of macroalgae, as well as long water residence times, influenced the nutrient cycling in the bay to support further growth of macroalgal mats.
32.	Kazakov, Ye. O., et al. (författare) Efficient generation of energetic ions in multi-ion plasmas by radio-frequency heating 2017 Ingår i: Nature Physics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1745-2473 .- 1745-2481. ; 13:10, s. 973- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
33.	Ekberg, Joakim, et al. (författare) Injury rates and risk-factors associated with eventing : a total cohort study of injury events among adult Swedish eventing athletes 2011 Ingår i: International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion. - : Taylor and Francis: STM, Behavioural Science and Public Health Titles / Taylor and Francis. - 1745-7300 .- 1745-7319. ; 18:4, s. 261-267 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of this study was to examine injury events and risk-factors among Swedish adult eventing athletes. A cross-sectional study design with retrospective recording of 1-year sports-specific exposure and injury data was used. The invited study population consisted of all members of the Swedish Equestrian Federation with eventing as their primary discipline (n = 513). The participation rate was 70.0%. The total 1-year injury prevalence was 26.6%; the specific 1-year prevalence of traumatic injury was 19.3% and of overuse injury 10.9%. The incidence of traumatic injury events was 0.54 injury events/1000 eventing hours (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.35-0.73 injury events/1000 eventing hours) for novices and 0.35 injury events/1000 eventing hours for qualified riders (95% CI, 0.21-0.49 injury events/1000 eventing hours). A total of 27.9% of the traumatic injury events led to severe injuries (causing more than 3 weeks absence from riding). Attitude to risk-taking was the only factor predicting an athlete becoming injured (p = 0.023), and qualification level was the only risk factor for additional injuries among injured riders (p = 0.003). Our results suggest that injury prevention programs in eventing should also give attention to overuse injuries and that care should be taken when eventing athletes are licensed into higher qualification groups.
34.	Lindqvist, Kent (författare) Motala Municipality - a sustainable Safe Community in Sweden 2012 Ingår i: International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion. - : Taylor and Francis: STM, Behavioural Science and Public Health Titles / Taylor and Francis. - 1745-7300 .- 1745-7319. ; 19:3, s. 249-259 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract An extensive research project concerning injury prevention was planned and initiated in Motala Municipality in the early 1980s. This article summarises 25 years of work for injury prevention and safety promotion in Motala. Evaluation of both process and effect were conducted based on a quasi-experimental study design, as well as cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analyses of interventions. Initial evaluations results showed an annual incidence of injuries of 118.9/1000 citizens in 1983/1984 consisting of injuries at home (35%), sports injuries (18.9%), injuries at work (13.7%), traffic-related injuries (12.8%) and other injuries (19.5%). The annual social economic costs of injuries were estimated at 116 million Swedish crowns (SEK). By 1989, after two years of preventive work, the incidence of injuries was reduced by 13%. The greatest decrease was among the moderate severity category of injuries (41%). The social economic costs were thereby reduced by 21 million SEK per year. Since then, work with injury prevention has continued and annual evaluations have shown that the incidence of injuries, with some fluctuation, has continued to decrease up to the latest evaluation in 2008. The total decrease during the study period was 37%. This study shows that community-based injury prevention work according to the Safe Community model is a successful and cost-effective way of reducing injuries in the local community.
35.	Berggren, Matz S., 1950 (författare) Decapod crustacean phylogenetics Edited by Joel W. Martin, Keith A. Crandall, and Darryl L. Felder 2010 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - 1745-1000. ; 6:2, s. 221-222 Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
36.	Nygren, Arne, 1971, et al. (författare) Colour polymorphism in the polychaete Harmothoe imbricata (Linnaeus, 1767) 2011 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - 1745-1000. ; 7:1, s. 54-62 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We investigated whether the different colour morphs in Harmothoe imbricata constitute a single polymorphic species or if there are several species present. We sequenced the mitochondrial COI and the nuclear ITS1–5.8SrDNA–ITS2 region from 57 specimens representing 10 distinct colour morphs collected from Svalbard to the Swedish west coast. The resulting minimum spanning haplotype network based on mitochondrial COI unequivocally shows H. imbricata to be a single and colour polymorphic species, whereas variation in the ITS region was very limited.
37.	Schander, C, 1960, et al. (författare) The fauna of hydrothermal vents on the Mohn Ridge (North Atlantic) 2010 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - 1745-1000. ; 6:2, s. 155-171 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The macrofauna of the newly discovered hydrothermal vent field on the Mohn Ridge at 71 degrees N was investigated. Samples were collected during the cruise BIODEEP 2006 using the ROV 'Bathysaurus'. A total of 180 species-level taxa were identified. The region contains very few vent-endemic species, but some species of Porifera, Crustacea and Mollusca may be vent-associated. Dense aggregations of motile non-vent species such as Heliometra glacialis and Gorgonocephalus eucnemis surrounded the vent area, but the area in general only held small numbers of sedentary animals. Calcareous sponges comprised an unusually high portion of the sponge species found and they constitute one of the first pioneers among the sessile invertebrates settling on these vents. Possible explanations for the structure of the fauna in the region are discussed.
38.	Strand, Malin, 1970, et al. (författare) A DNA-based description of a new nemertean (phylum Nemertea) species 2011 Ingår i: MARINE BIOLOGY RESEARCH. - 1745-1000. ; 7:1, s. 63-70 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
39.	Sundberg, Per, 1950, et al. (författare) Riseriellus occultus (Heteronemertea, Nemertea): no genetic differences in 16S and COI mtDNA sequences between populations living in different habitats in Spain and Wales 2007 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - 1745-1000. ; 3, s. 117-122 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
40.	Wood, Hannah L., 1980 (författare) Comparing the impact of high CO2 on calcium carbonate structures in different marine organisms. 2011 Ingår i: Marine Biology Research. - 1745-1000. ; 7:6, s. 565-575 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
41.	Löwenborg, Daniel, 1975- (författare) Landscapes of death : GIS modelling of a dated sequence of prehistoric cemeteries in Västmanland, Sweden 2009 Ingår i: Antiquity. - York : Antiquity Publications. - 0003-598X .- 1745-1744. ; 83:322, s. 1134-1143 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We will never be able to excavate everything – nor should we – but it would be good to know howto make the best use of what is visible in the landscape to write social prehistories. In this projectthe author creates a set of parameters for the 1000 mound-cemeteries seen north of Lake M¨alarenand clusters them by period, using 51 examples that have been excavated and dated. The resultis that 1000 cemeteries can now be allocated to period, with that special kind of confidence inwhich statisticians rejoice.
42.	van Beek, Roy, et al. (författare) Bogs, bones and bodies: the deposition of human remains in northern European mires (9000 BC–AD 1900) 2023 Ingår i: Antiquity. - : Antiquity Publications. - 0003-598X .- 1745-1744. ; 97:391, s. 120-140 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Bog body studies have focused on rich individual biographies, largely neglecting broader spatial and temporal trends. Here, the authors present the first large-scale overview of well-dated human remains from northern European mires, based on a database of 266 sites and more than 1000 bog mummies, bog skeletons and disarticulated/partial skeletal remains. Analysis demonstrates fluctuating depositions of human remains between the Early Neolithic and early modern times, significant and shifting spatialclustering, and variation in site characteristics (e.g. preservation, use frequency, cause of death). The results emphasise previously unrecognised activity phases and highlight issues with categorising motives, especially around ritual violence.
43.	Hagberg, Mats, 1951, et al. (författare) Incidence of Raynaud's phenomenon in relation to hand-arm vibration exposure among male workers at an engineering plant a cohort study. 2008 Ingår i: Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1745-6673. ; 3 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to assess the incidence of Raynaud's phenomenon in relation to hand-arm vibration exposure in a cohort consisting of male office and manual workers. METHODS: The baseline population consisted of 94 office and 147 manual workers at an engineering plant. Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) was assessed at baseline and at follow up (at 5, 10 and 15 years). A retrospective and a prospective cohort analysis of data were done. Hand-arm vibration exposure dose was defined as the product of exposure duration and the weighted hand-arm vibration exposure value according to ISO 5349-1. RESULTS: The retrospective/prospective incidence of Raynaud's phenomenon was 16/14 per 1000 exposure years among exposed and 2.4/5.0 per 1000 years among the not exposed. The retrospective dose response curve based on 4 dose classes showed that class 2, 3 and 4 had similar response and showed higher incidence than the not-exposed. The dose with RP response to hand-arm vibration corresponded to a 10 year A(8) value between 0.4-1.0 m/s2. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the EU directive on an action value for hand-arm vibration of 2.5 m/s2 is not too low. Rather, it suggests that employers should take on actions even at exposure values of 1 m/s2A(8).
44.	Routh, Joyanto, 1968-, et al. (författare) Characterization and Origin of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Yegua Ground Water in Brazos County, Texas 2005 Ingår i: Groundwater. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1745-6584. ; 39:5, s. 760-767 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Abstract Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in five shallow (< 20 m) and three deeper wells (27 to 30 m) in the Eocene Yegua Formation (Brazos County in east-central Texas) ranged from 92 to 500 ï¿œm. Characterization of high, intermediate, and low molecular weight DOC fractions (HMW > 3000 amu, IMW 1000 to 3000 amu, and LMW 500 to 1000 amu) and combined neutral sugar analyses provide information on organic matter sources in the Yegua aquifers. Combined neutral sugars ranged in concentration from 0.6 to 2.7 ï¿œmol/L and comprised 0.8% to 6.7% of DOC in ground water. Glucose was the most abundant neutral sugar, followed by xylose and galactose, arabinose, mannose, rhamnose, and fucose. These combined neutral sugars were more diagenetically altered in shallow, oxic ground water as indicated by high mole % fucose + rhamnose and low neutral sugar yield. The precursors for neutral sugars are most probably angiosperm leaves, which show a similar distribution pattern of neutral sugars. Ground water DOC was depleted in 13C relative to soil-zone organic matter (OM) (-16ï¿œ to -19ï¿œ). The d13C values of bulk DOC and HMW DOC ranged from -24ï¿œ to ï¿œ32ï¿œ, whereas LMW and IMW DOC ranged from -32ï¿œ to -34ï¿œ and ï¿œ16ï¿œ to ï¿œ28ï¿œ, respectively. This variability in d13C values is probably related to microbial processes and selective preservation of OM. Carbon isotope analyses in bulk and different molecular weight DOC fractions imply a predominantly C3 OM source and a low contribution of soil-zone OM to DOC.

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