| 1. |
- Andreasson, Ulf, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Analytical aspects of molecular Alzheimer's disease biomarkers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 6:4, s. 377-389
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In general, a biomarker has multiple uses such as a diagnostic tool and a method to monitor therapy. The quality of a biomarker depends on how big the difference is between, for example, patients and healthy controls, but also on the capacity of the method used to measure it (the uncertainty in the method should be much less than the difference between the groups). A good biomarker should also be specific towards a disease, allowing for differentiation between clinically related syndromes. In addition, it is of importance that the stability of the methods used is high enough to establish cut-off levels both in individual laboratories and on a global scale. In the field of Alzheimer's disease, there are currently three cerebrospinal fluid markers that have been verified in multiple studies and the analytical aspects of measuring them will be discussed.
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| 2. |
- Andreasson, Ulf, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Aspects of beta-amyloid as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease
- 2007
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 1:1, s. 59-78
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alzheimer’s disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder that results in progressive cognitive impairment and death. The accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) in specific brain regions is believed by many to represent the earliest event in the pathogenesis of the disease. Here, we review the key aspects of Aβ as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease, including the pathogenicity of Aβ, the possible biological functions of its precursor protein, the Aβ metabolism and homeostasis, the diagnostic performance of different Aβ assays in different settings and the potential usefulness of Aβ as a surrogate marker for treatment efficacy in clinical trials of novel Aβ-targeting drugs against Alzheimer’s disease.
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| 3. |
- Ashton, Nicholas J., et al.
(författare)
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Update on biomarkers for amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease
- 2018
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 12:7, s. 799-812
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- At the center of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis is the aberrant aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) into oligomers, fibrils and plaques. Effective monitoring of Aβ deposition directly in patients is essential to assist anti-Aβ therapeutics in target engagement and participant selection. In the advent of approved anti-Aβ therapeutics, biomarkers will become of fundamental importance in initiating treatments having disease modifying effects at the earliest stage. Two well-established Aβ biomarkers are widely utilized: Aβ-binding ligands for positron emission tomography and immunoassays to measure Aβ42 in cerebrospinal fluid. In this review, we will discuss the current clinical, diagnostic and research state of biomarkers for Aβ pathology. Furthermore, we will explore the current application of blood-based markers to assess Aβ pathology.
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| 4. |
- Asif, Sana, M.D, PhD student, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma endostatin correlates with hypoxia and mortality in COVID-19-associated acute respiratory failure
- 2021
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 15:16, s. 1509-1517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The contribution of endothelial injury in the pathogenesis of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and resulting respiratory failure remains unclear. Plasma endostatin, an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction is upregulated during hypoxia, inflammation and progress of pulmonary disease.Aim: To investigate if plasma endostatin is associated to hypoxia, inflammation and 30-day mortality in patients with severe COVID-19 infection.Method: Samples for blood analysis and plasma endostatin quantification were collected from adult patients with ongoing COVID-19 (n = 109) on admission to intensive care unit (day 1). Demographic characteristics and 30-day mortality data were extracted from medical records. The ability of endostatin to predict mortality was analyzed using receiving operating characteristics and Kaplan-Meier analysis with a cutoff at 46.2 ng/ml was used to analyze the association to survival.Results: Plasma endostatin levels correlated with; PaO2/FiO2 (r = -0.3, p < 0.001), arterial oxygen tension (r = -0.2, p = 0.01), lactate (r = 0.2, p = 0.04), C-reactive protein (r = 0.2, p = 0.04), ferritin (r = 0.2, p = 0.09), D-dimer (r = 0.2, p = 0.08) and IL-6 (r = 0.4, p < 0.001). Nonsurvivors at 30 days had higher plasma endostatin levels than survivors (72 ± 26 vs 56 ± 16 ng/ml, p = 0.01). Receiving operating characteristic curve (area under the curve 0.7) showed that plasma endostatin >46.2 ng/ml predicts mortality with a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 71%. In patients with plasma endostatin >46.2 ng/ml probability of survival was lower (p = 0.02) in comparison to those with endostatin <46.2 ng/ml.Conclusion: Our results suggest that plasma endostatin is an early biomarker for disease severity in COVID-19.
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| 5. |
- Bartlett, Jonathan W, et al.
(författare)
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Determining cut-points for Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: statistical issues, methods and challenges.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 6:4, s. 391-400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New proposed criteria for the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease increasingly incorporate biomarkers, most of which are normally measured on a continuous scale. Operationalizing such criteria thus requires continuous biomarkers to be dichotomized, which in turns requires the selection of a cut-point at which to dichotomize. In this article, we review the statistical principles underlying the choice of cut-points, describe some of the most commonly adopted statistical approaches used to estimate cut-points, highlight potential pitfalls in some of the approaches and characterize in what sense the estimated cut-point from each approach is optimal. We also emphasize that how a cut-point is selected must be made in reference to how the resulting dichotomized biomarker is to be used, and in particular what actions will follow from a positive or negative test result.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Goetze, Jens P, et al.
(författare)
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Chromogranin A as a biomarker in cardiovascular disease
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 8:1, s. 133-140
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chromogranin A is known as an important marker of neuroendocrine tumors. In cardiovascular medicine, however, chromogranin A measurement has only recently gained interest, since increased concentrations in the circulation are associated with risk of clinical worsening and death in patients with acute coronary syndromes or chronic heart failure. In this article, we summarize the current clinical data on chromogranin A as a biomarker in cardiovascular disease from high-risk conditions; for example, obesity, hypertension and diabetes, to overt heart failure. Biological activity of the various chromogranin A fragments, including the intact precursor itself, will not be covered in the present review. Instead, we highlight the complexity of chromogranin A as a plasma marker, where the protein is extensively and variably processed to a plethora of peptide fragments. Current immunological methods for clinical measurement differ dramatically with respect to both epitope choice and clinical validation.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Jagarlamudi, Kiran Kumar
(författare)
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Thymidine kinase 1 as a tumor biomarker: technical advances offer new potential to an old biomarker
- 2018
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 12, s. 1035-1048
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) is a key enzyme in DNA precursor synthesis. It is upregulated during the S phase of the cell cycle and its presence in cells is an indicator of active cell proliferation. In studies since the 1980s, TK1 has been shown as a clinically valuable biomarker for the management of hematological malignancies. However, TK1 activity assays may underestimate serum TK1 in subjects with solid tumors limiting its sensitivity. The development of TK1 immunoassays has made the assay of TK1 more widely available and increased its applicability to solid tumor diseases. This paper will review TK1 as a tumor biomarker with emphasis on recent studies and technologies plus highlight its potential in drug discovery and as a therapeutic target.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Linder, S, et al.
(författare)
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Serum efficacy biomarkers for oncology
- 2009
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 3:1, s. 47-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Considerable interest has emerged in serum biomarkers that can be used to evaluate early effects of cancer therapeutics. Such efficacy biomarkers are expected to become valuable both for routine clinical care and for anticancer drug development. Here, we review the literature on serum efficacy biomarkers. We discuss how data using such markers can be interpreted, particularly with regard to the issue of specificity of different markers. An important question is whether biomarker response evaluation is expected to be congruent with evaluation by traditional anatomical methods. We argue that they may not be – biomarkers are expected to provide information with regard to induction of tumor cell death that will not necessarily reflect clinical outcome.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Mattsson, Niklas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Proficiency testing programs for Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 6:4, s. 401-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are increasingly used for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in research, clinical trials and clinical settings. As for other biochemical measurements, variability between laboratories for these biomarkers may be monitored by proficiency testing programs, where participating laboratories use their local routine methods to analyze test samples shipped from a central laboratory. In this review, we summarize the results from the last years' pilot proficiency programs and describe the ongoing standardization efforts in this area. Global proficiency testing for CSF biomarkers is now fully established. It will continue to play an important part in the standardization of measurements that is a prerequisite for the broad-scale future implementation of CSF biomarkers.
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| 17. |
- Mattsson, Niklas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Reference measurement procedures for Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers: definitions and approaches with focus on amyloid β42.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 6:4, s. 409-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are increasingly used in clinical settings, research and drug trials. However, their broad-scale use on different technology platforms is hampered by the lack of standardization at the level of sample handling, determination of concentrations of analytes and the absence of well-defined performance criteria for in vitro diagnostic or companion diagnostic assays, which influences the apparent concentration of the analytes measured and the subsequent interpretation of the data. There is a need for harmonization of CSF AD biomarker assays that can reliably, across centers, quantitate CSF biomarkers with high analytical precision, selectivity and stability over long time periods. In this position paper, we discuss reference procedures for the measurement of CSF AD biomarkers, especially amyloid β42 and tau. We describe possible technical approaches, focusing on a selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry assay as a candidate reference method for quantification of CSF amyloid β42.
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| 18. |
- Mattsson, Niklas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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What is a certified reference material?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 6:4, s. 369-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 19. |
- Mylin, Anne K., et al.
(författare)
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N-terminal pro-C-type natriuretic peptide in serum associated with bone destruction in patients with multiple myeloma
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 9:7, s. 679-689
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To examine whether N-terminal proCNP concentrations in serum is associated with bone destruction in patients with multiple myeloma. Materials and methods: N-terminal proCNP and biochemical bone markers were measured in 153 patients. Radiographic bone disease and skeletal-related events were evaluated at specific time-points. Results: N-terminal proCNP concentrations increased with age. High N-terminal proCNP concentrations were associated with high-risk disease and renal impairment. Renal function explained 22% of the variation. N-terminal proCNP concentrations correlated with serum bone ALP and serum PINP, but lacked association with bone resorption markers, radiographic bone disease and skeletal-related events. Conclusion: Serum N-terminal proCNP are associated with bone formation activity in patients with multiple myeloma, but should be interpreted with caution in patients with renal impairment.
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| 20. |
- Nyhlén, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Problems associated with fluid biomarkers for Parkinson's disease.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 4:5, s. 671-81
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article focuses on biochemical markers that may be used in the diagnostics of Parkinson's disease and associated disorders, and to identify early cases and stratify patients into subgroups. We present an updated account of some currently available candidate fluid biomarkers, and discuss their diagnostic performance and limitations. We also discuss some of the general problems with Parkinson's disease biomarkers and possible ways of moving forward. It may be concluded that a diagnostically useful fluid biomarker for Parkinson's disease is yet to be identified. However, some interesting candidates exist and may prove useful in the future, alone or when analyzed together in patterns.
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| 21. |
- Parnetti, L., et al.
(författare)
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Value of cerebrospinal fluid -synuclein species as biomarker in Parkinson's diagnosis and prognosis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 10:1, s. 35-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is mostly based on clinical criteria, it is almost impossible to formulate an early diagnosis, as well as a timely differential diagnosis versus other parkinsonisms. A great effort in searching reliable biomarkers both for early diagnosis and prognosis in PD is currently ongoing. Cerebrospinal fluid has been widely investigated as potential source for such biomarkers, with particular emphasis on -synuclein (-syn) species. We reviewed all the clinical studies carried out so far on cerebrospinal fluid quantification of -syn species in PD. Current evidence supports the value of total and oligomeric -syn in PD diagnosis and in the differential diagnosis of PD and other parkinsonisms. Conversely, the role of -syn species in PD prognosis remains unsatisfactory.
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| 22. |
- Rohrer, J. D., et al.
(författare)
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Biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd.. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 8:4, s. 519-521
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 23. |
- Ruge, Toralph, et al.
(författare)
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Endostatin : a promising biomarker in the cardiovascular continuum?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 11:10, s. 905-916
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current review article aims to provide an up-to-date summary of previous studies in humans that have reported the association between circulating endostatin levels and different cardiovascular phenotypes. We also aim to provide suggestions for future directions of future research evaluating endostatin as a clinically relevant cardiovascular biomarker. With a few exceptions, higher circulating levels of endostatin seem to reflect vascular and myocardial damage, and a worsened prognosis for cardiovascular events or mortality in individuals with hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, as well as in the general population. Circulating endostatin seems to be a promising biomarker for cardiovascular pathology, but there is not enough evidence to date to support the use of endostatin measurements in clinical practice.
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| 24. |
- Salvesen, L, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of preanalytical conditions on the DJ-1 concentration in human cerebrospinal fluid
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 8:3, s. 387-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of centrifugation and protease activity on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of DJ-1 and hemoglobin. Materials & methods: The concentrations of DJ-1 and hemoglobin were determined in 12 (DJ-1) and six (hemoglobin) pairs of CSF samples, with one sample being stored without centrifugation and the other being centrifuged at 2000 × g before storage. The DJ-1 concentration was also determined in centrifuged and uncentrifuged CSF containing protease inhibitors and compared with values determined in centrifuged and uncentrifuged CSF samples without protease inhibitors. Furthermore, specific protein concentrations were determined in CSF from two groups, each comprising 23 patients with Parkinson’s disease. In one group the CSF was centrifuged at 1300−1800 × g, 4°C, 10 min, and in the other at 2000 × g, 4°C, 10 min. Results: Centrifugation at 2000 × g resulted in significantly lower CSF DJ-1 concentrations compared with no centrifugation and centrifugation at a lower g-force. There was a significant difference in the hemoglobin concentration between centrifuged and uncentrifuged CSF. In all centrifuged samples the hemoglobin concentration was <200 ng/ml including blood contaminated samples centrifuged at 2000 × g. When a protease inhibitor cocktail was added to the CSF prior to centrifugation, the DJ-1 concentration was significantly higher. Conclusion: Preanalytical factors such as centrifugation and protease inhibition must be carefully controlled when handling CSF for analysis of DJ-1 and other biomarkers, as DJ-1 was influenced by blood contamination, centrifugation and protease activity.
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| 25. |
- Shams, S, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebral microbleeds as a biomarker in Alzheimer's disease? A review in the field
- 2016
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 10:1, s. 9-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are a marker of small vessel disease, increasingly recognized as being of importance in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) process. CMBs influence in AD, and its longitudinal impact on disease progression is however still unknown. CMBs show several associations with AD across studies, are associated with decreased cerebrospinal fluid amyloid levels and are related with the ApoE ϵ4 allele, as well as other imaging manifestations typical for small vessel disease. CMBs, in addition to other markers of small vessel disease, are important to discover further in order to discern possible AD phenotypes.
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| 26. |
- Simm, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Performance of plasma calprotectin as a biomarker of early sepsis : a pilot study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 10:8, s. 811-818
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To determine the performance of plasma calprotectin as a marker of sepsis on intensive care unit (ICU) admission and as a marker of mortality day 30 post-ICU admission.MATERIALS & METHODS: Consecutive ICU patients were allocated to: sepsis (n = 15), postoperative inflammation (n = 23) and intoxication without inflammation (n = 7) groups.RESULTS: Calprotectin was 4.3 (2.6-8.2; mg/l; median [interquartile range]) in the sepsis, 2.8 (1.6-4.4) in the postoperative and 0.7 (0.4-1.6) in the intoxication groups. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for sepsis versus intoxication group was: 0.95, for sepsis versus postoperative groups: 0.65 and for survivors versus nonsurvivors: 0.70.CONCLUSION: Calprotectin was a sensitive marker of systemic inflammation, is a potential sepsis marker and performed well as mortality predictor in this pilot study.
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| 27. |
- Smith, J, et al.
(författare)
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Copeptin and MR-proADM in umbilical cord plasma reflect perinatal stress in neonates born to mothers with diabetes and MR-proANP reflects maternal diabetes
- 2013
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 7:1, s. 139-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To examine concentrations of three cardiovascular propeptides in umbilical cord plasma of neonates born to mothers with Type 1, Type 2 and gestational diabetes. Measurement of cardiovascular markers in umbilical cord plasma may potentially help identify neonates at risk of postnatal complications. Neonates born to mothers with diabetes have an increased risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality, and measurement of these new biomarkers may potentially help identify neonates at risk of these complications. Subjects & methods: Copeptin, midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) and mid-regional pro-A-type natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) were measured in cord plasma of neonates (n = 63) born to mothers with the three types of diabetes. Associations with maternal glycemic control, mode of delivery and neonatal metabolic acidosis were examined. Results: Umbilical cord plasma copeptin concentrations were lowest in neonates after elective cesarean sections (6.1 pmol/l; interquartile range [IQR]: 4.5–9.1) compared with emergency cesarean sections (156 pmol/l; IQR: 9.6–311; p = 0.019) and vaginal delivery (831 pmol/l; IQR: 107–2407; p < 0.0001). MR-proADM was also affected by mode of delivery; however, this seemed more likely to be caused by an inverse association with the acid–base balance. In this population, only MR-proANP plasma concentrations were related to type of diabetes. Neonates born to mothers with Type 1 diabetes had higher concentrations (median 260 pmol/l; IQR: 222–318) compared with Type 2 diabetes (175 pmol/l; IQR: 169–200; p = 0.003) and gestational diabetes (200 pmol/l; IQR: 149–276; p = 0.009). Conclusion: Umbilical cord plasma copeptin and MR-proADM concentrations primarily reflect perinatal stress associated with mode of delivery and the degree of fetal acidosis, whereas MR-proANP concentrations are higher in neonates born to mothers with Type 1 diabetes.
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| 28. |
- Thulin, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating cell-derived microparticles as biomarkers in cardiovascular disease
- 2016
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 10:9, s. 1009-1022
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a common cause of death, and a search for biomarkers for risk stratification is warranted. Elevated levels of cell-derived microparticles (MPs) are found in patients with CVD and in groups with risk factors for CVD. Subpopulations of MPs are promising biomarkers for improving risk prediction, as well as monitoring treatment. However, the field has been hampered by technical difficulties, and the ongoing development of sensitive standardized techniques is crucial for implementing MP analyses in the clinic. Large prospective studies are required to establish which MPs are of prognostic value in different patient groups. In this review, we discuss methodological challenges and progress in the field, as well as MP populations that are of interest for further clinical evaluation.
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| 29. |
- Végvári, Ákos
(författare)
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Drug Localizations in Tissue by Mass Spectrometry Imaging
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 9:9, s. 869-876
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Advances in development of mass spectrometry (MS) are successfully utilized for spatial localization of pharmaceutical compounds in this tissue sections. Today MS instruments can be used in imaging mode when the datasets are generated from the surface of the tissue over an array of acquisition positions. This review is focused on the technological developments of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) and related sample preparation procedures. MALDI-MSI provides a sensitive and label-free approach for imaging of drugs and their metabolites. Due to these features MALDI-MSI is expected to become a standard technique in pharmaceutical development providing complementary information to current methods.
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| 30. |
- Wojdacz, TK
(författare)
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Biological and methodological aspects of assessment of locus specific de novo methylation in blood
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 9:12, s. 1291-1299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Locus-specific methylation in blood differs between individuals. As those changes may represent de novo methylation, induced by environmental factors, we aimed to evaluate the biological and methodological limitations of detection of methylation in blood. Materials & methods: We used Methylation-Sensitive High Resolution Melting to analyze methylation at 21 gene loci in peripheral blood DNA samples from 203 healthy women. Results: Overall nine of the screened loci displayed marked inter-individual variation in methylation frequency with methylation levels predominantly around 1%. The methylation of specific loci showed different association with age and reproducibility of detection. Conclusions: Our results allowed benchmarking of both technological and biological limitations that need to be accounted for when evaluating locus specific methylation in blood as potential biomarker.
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| 31. |
- Zetterberg, Henrik, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical use of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0371 .- 1752-0363. ; 6:4, s. 371-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cerebrospinal fluid is a valuable diagnostic fluid that is underutilized. A number of classical neurochemical tests and newer biomarkers of neuropathology may be performed on the cerebrospinal fluid from patients with clinical signs of progressive neurological disease to assist and complement diagnosis. Here, we discuss how they may be employed in the clinical evaluation of patients with memory problems. We argue for their proper application and use, and caution against common misinterpretations.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Zetterberg, Henrik, 1973
(författare)
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Identification of a beta-amyloid-binding plasma protein, LRP1: implications for biomarker research and therapy in Alzheimer's disease
- 2007
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 1:3, s. 347-348
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evaluation of Sagare A, Deane R, Bell RD et al.: Clearance of amyloid-β by circulating lipoprotein receptors. Nat. Med. (2007) (Epub ahead of print) [1] . Sagare and coworkers have identified a major amyloid-β (Aβ)-binding protein in plasma low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1). This protein may bind 70–90% of the Aβ that circulates in peripheral blood and seems to function as a peripheral sink for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) causing brain Aβ. Using a mouse model of AD, the authors demonstrate that boosting the capacity of the sink by administering a recombinant form of soluble LRP1 (sLRP1) reduces brain amyloid plaque load and improves learning and memory. They extend these results by demonstrating that patients with AD have depressed plasma sLRP1 levels. Their data suggest that exogenously administered, recombinant sLRP1 may provide a novel approach to reduce or reverse the AD-related build up of Aβ in the brain. Furthermore, it would be interesting to explore the possibility that reduced sLRP1 levels in plasma may be a specific biochemical sign of incipient AD.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Olonscheck, Dirk, et al.
(författare)
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Arctic sea-ice variability is primarily driven by atmospheric temperature fluctuations
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Geoscience. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1752-0894 .- 1752-0908. ; 12:6, s. 430-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The anthropogenically forced decline of Arctic sea ice is superimposed on strong internal variability. Possible drivers for this variability include fluctuations in surface albedo, clouds and water vapour, surface winds and poleward atmospheric and oceanic energy transport, but their relative contributions have not been quantified. By isolating the impact of the individual drivers in an Earth system model, we here demonstrate that internal variability of sea ice is primarily caused directly by atmospheric temperature fluctuations. The other drivers together explain only 25% of sea-ice variability. The dominating impact of atmospheric temperature fluctuations on sea ice is consistent across observations, reanalyses and simulations from global climate models. Such atmospheric temperature fluctuations occur due to variations in moist-static energy transport or local ocean heat release to the atmosphere. The fact that atmospheric temperature fluctuations are the key driver for sea-ice variability limits prospects of interannual predictions of sea ice, and suggests that observed record lows in Arctic sea-ice area are a direct response to an unusually warm atmosphere.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Mattsson, Niklas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Growth factors in Parkinson's disease.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - 1752-0363. ; 5:2, s. 201-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 40. |
- Mattsson, Niklas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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It is all about clearance.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - 1752-0363. ; 5:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Zetterberg, Henrik, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Biochemical markers in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in medicine. - 1752-0363. ; 4:1, s. 91-8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article summarizes how biochemical markers may aid in the development of novel treatments that interfere with fundamental pathogenic processes in Alzheimer's disease. Details are given on the potential use of biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials as additional inclusion criteria to enrich study populations with participants who really suffer from the disease, as a means to stratify study participants into meaningful subgroups that may benefit differently from the treatment, and as tools to detect desired biochemical effects and undesired side effects of the drug.
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