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- Klašnja-Milićević, Aleksandra, et al.
(författare)
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Personalization and adaptation in e-learning systems
- 2017
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Ingår i: Intelligent Systems Reference Library. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1868-4408 .- 1868-4394. ; , s. 21-25
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Personalization is a feature that occurs separately within each system that supports some kind of users’ interactions with the system. Generally speaking term “Personalization” means the process of deciding what the highest value of an individual is if (s)he has a set of possible choices. These choices can range from a customized home page “look and feel” to product recommendations or from banner advertisements to news content. In this monograph we are interested in personalization in educational settings. The topic of personalization is strictly related to the shift from a teacher-centred perspective of teaching to a learner-centred, competency-oriented one. Two main approaches to the personalization can be distinguished: user-profile based personalization and rules-based personalization. In the first case this is the process of making decisions based upon stored user profile information or predefined group membership. In the second case this is the process of making decisions based on pre-defined business rules as they apply to a segmentation of users. This chapter presents the most popular adaptation forms of educational materials to learners.
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| 2. |
- Rubegni, Elisa, et al.
(författare)
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Owning Your Career Paths: Storytelling to Engage Women in Computer Science
- 2023
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Ingår i: Intelligent Systems Reference Library. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1868-4408 .- 1868-4394. ; , s. 1-25, s. 1-25
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Motivation & challenge: Computer Science suffers from a lack of diversity that gets perpetuated by the most dominant and visible role models. The community is doing itself a disservice by upholding techno-solutionism, short-term efficiency, and busyness as central values. Those models are created and consolidated over time through social and cultural interactions that increase the perpetration of gender stereotypes. Exposing people to diverse types of role models and stories can contribute to making them more aware of the complexity of reality and inspire them taking better informed decisionsmaking on their career paths. Likewise, showing different role models to stakeholders in society and industry can contribute to increase the workforce diversity in the profession of computing as well as to make a shift towards the consolidation of different role models. This, in turn, may contribute to strengthen resilience and adequacy for solving issues related to diversity, equality and inclusion in Computer Science and more importantly allowing women take the ownership of their career path. Goal: To encourage the dissemination, sharing and creation of stories that show diverse career pathways to address gender stereotypes created by dominant stories in Computer Science. We tackle this issue by developing a framework for storytelling around female scientists and professionals to show a diversity of possibilities for women in pursuing an academic career based on the ownership of their pathways. Method: We apply a qualitative approach to analyse stories collected using the auto-ethnography and use thematic analysis to unpack the components of what in these stories contribute to building the academic path in the field of Computer Science. Authors used their own professional histories and experiences as input. They highlighted the central values of their research visions and approaches to life and emphasised how they have helped to take decisions that shaped their professional paths. Results: We present a framework made of the nine macro-themes emerging from the autoethnography analysis and two dimensions that we pick from the literature (interactions and practices). The framework aims to be a reflecting storytelling tool that could support women in Computer Sciences to create their own paths. Specifically, the framework addresses issues related to communication, dissemination to the public, community engagement, education, and outreach to increase the diversity within Computer Science, AI and STEM in general. Impact: The framework can help building narratives to showcase the variety of values supported by Computer Science. These stories have the power of showing the diversity of people as well as highlighting the uniqueness of their research visions in contributing to transformation of our global society into a supportive, inclusive and equitable community. Our work aims to support practitioners who design outreach activities for increasing diversity and inclusion, and will help other stakeholders to reflect on their own reality, values and priorities. Additionally, the outcomes are useful for those who are working in improving the gender gap in Computer Science in academia and industry. Finally, they are meant for women who are willing to proceed into an academic career in this area by offering a spur for reflection and concrete actions that could support them in their path from PhD to professorship.
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| 3. |
- Ekman, Inger, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Person-Centred Care, Theory, Operationalisation and Effects
- 2022
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Ingår i: Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Person-Centered Healthcare. Dalia Kriksciuniene, Virgilijus Sakalauskas (red.). - Cham : Springer. - 1868-4394. - 9783030793531 ; , s. 23-33
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In healthcare systems patient engagement and care satisfaction are less than optimal. Different solutions have been proposed to recognise the patient in health care, including person-centred care. The University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC) steering committee formulated three ‘simple routines’ to initiate, integrate and safeguard person-centred care in daily clinical practice. These routines are: the patient narrative followed by an agreed health plan which is then safeguarded by documentation. Health care professionals need to know how health processes are strengthened in a relationship where patients are accepted as persons with their own will and emotions and in which individual responsibilities and capabilities are highlighted. A person-centred perspective uses ethics as a springboard. Such an ethical view can briefly be formulated by: “To aim for the good life, with and for others in just institutions”. When the starting point is ethics and each person is understood as a unique individual, care actions will never be the same for each patient. By asking for the patients’ understanding of the condition and treatment relative to their lives in general, professionals can understand what health, illness, treatment and care convey to patients and their relatives. The patient narratives are obviously very important in formulating the health plan. Controlled studies have found several benefits from implementing person-centred practices, including improved quality of life, maintained self-efficacy and reduced health costs. © The Author(s) 2022.
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