| 1. |
- Galván, Edgar, et al.
(författare)
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Agents in a privacy-preserving world
- 2021
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Ingår i: Transactions on Data Privacy. - : University of Skövde. - 1888-5063 .- 2013-1631. ; 14:1, s. 53-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Privacy is a fluid concept. It is both difficult to define and difficult to achieve. The large amounts of data currently available at hands of companies and administrations increase individual concerns on what is yet to be known about us. For the sake of penalisation and customisation, we often need to give up and supply information that we consider sensitive and private. Other sensitive information is inferred from information that seems harmless. Even when we explicitly require privacy and anonymity, profiling and device fingerprinting may disclose information about us leading to reidentification. Mobile devices and the internet of things make keeping our live private still more difficult. Agent technologies can play a fundamental role to provide privacy-aware solutions. Agents are inherently suitable in the heterogeneous environment in which our devices work, and we can delegate to them the task of protecting our privacy. Agents should be able to reason about our privacy requirements, and may collaborate (or not) with other agents to help us to achieve our privacy goals. We are presented in the connected world with multiple interests, profiles, and also through multiple agentified devices. We envision our agentified devices to collaborate among themselves and with other devices so that our privacy preferences are satisfied. We believe that this is an overlooked field. Our work intends to start shedding some light on the topic by outlining the requirements and challenges where agent technologies can provide a decisive role.
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| 2. |
- Khan, Md Sakib Nizam, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Systematization of Knowledge of Ambient Assisted Living Systems : A Privacy Perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: Transactions on Data Privacy. - 1888-5063 .- 2013-1631. ; 15:1, s. 1-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The confluence of several developments make privacy of ambient assisted living (AAL) an increasingly important problem: aging population, scale and availability of sensors (IoT, health monitoring, smart home) leading to higher quality and quantity of sensitive data, and advances in data analysis and learning. Privacy research has not been in sync with these developments. For AAL systems to be useful and used, they need to be trustworthy and protect the users' privacy. We conducted a systematic literature review on recent AAL research to provide a map for potential privacy concerns. We also collected already available commercial systems for a comparison with those found in the academic literature. We were able to distill a common architecture covering most commercial and academic systems, including an inventory of what concerns they address, the technologies they apply, their data handling, and privacy considerations. Based on this outcome, we identified potential intervention points for privacy.
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| 3. |
- Nanni, Mirco, et al.
(författare)
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Give more data, awareness and control to individual citizens, and they will help COVID-19 containment
- 2020
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Ingår i: Transactions on Data Privacy. - : Institut d'Investigació en Intel·ligència Artificial. - 1888-5063 .- 2013-1631. ; 23, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid dynamics of COVID-19 calls for quick and effective tracking of virus transmission chains and early detection of outbreaks, especially in the "phase 2" of the pandemic, when lockdown and other restriction measures are progressively withdrawn, in order to avoid or minimize contagion resurgence. For this purpose, contact-tracing apps are being proposed for large scale adoption by many countries. A centralized approach, where data sensed by the app are all sent to a nation-wide server, raises concerns about citizens' privacy and needlessly strong digital surveillance, thus alerting us to the need to minimize personal data collection and avoiding location tracking. We advocate the conceptual advantage of a decentralized approach, where both contact and location data are collected exclusively in individual citizens' "personal data stores", to be shared separately and selectively (e.g., with a backend system, but possibly also with other citizens), voluntarily, only when the citizen has tested positive for COVID-19, and with a privacy preserving level of granularity. This approach better protects the personal sphere of citizens and affords multiple benefits: it allows for detailed information gathering for infected people in a privacy-preserving fashion; and, in turn this enables both contact tracing, and, the early detection of outbreak hotspots on more finely-granulated geographic scale. The decentralized approach is also scalable to large populations, in that only the data of positive patients need be handled at a central level. Our recommendation is two-fold. First to extend existing decentralized architectures with a light touch, in order to manage the collection of location data locally on the device, and allowthe user to share spatio-temporal aggregates - if and when they want and for specific aims - with health authorities, for instance. Second, we favour a longerterm pursuit of realizing a Personal Data Store vision, giving users the opportunity to contribute to collective good in the measure they want, enhancing self-awareness, and cultivating collective efforts for rebuilding society.
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| 4. |
- Nelson, Boel, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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SoK : Chasing Accuracy and Privacy, and Catching Both in Differentially Private Histogram Publication
- 2020
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Ingår i: Transactions on Data Privacy. - : INST ESTUDIOS DOCUMENTALES CIENCIA & TECNOLOGIA-IEDCYT. - 1888-5063 .- 2013-1631. ; 13:3, s. 201-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Histograms and synthetic data are of key importance in data analysis. However, researchers have shown that even aggregated data such as histograms, containing no obvious sensitive attributes, can result in privacy leakage. To enable data analysis, a strong notion of privacy is required to avoid risking unintended privacy violations. Such a strong notion of privacy is differential privacy, a statistical notion of privacy that makes privacy leakage quantifiable. The caveat regarding differential privacy is that while it has strong guarantees for privacy, privacy comes at a cost of accuracy. Despite this trade-off being a central and important issue in the adoption of differential privacy, there exists a gap in the literature regarding providing an understanding of the trade-off and how to address it appropriately. Through a systematic literature review (SLR), we investigate the state-of-the-art within accuracy improving differentially private algorithms for histogram and synthetic data publishing. Our contribution is two-fold: 1) we identify trends and connections in the contributions to the field of differential privacy for histograms and synthetic data and 2) we provide an understanding of the privacy/accuracy trade-off challenge by crystallizing different dimensions to accuracy improvement. Accordingly, we position and visualize the ideas in relation to each other and external work, and deconstruct each algorithm to examine the building blocks separately with the aim of pinpointing which dimension of accuracy improvement each technique/approach is targeting. Hence, this systematization of knowledge (SoK) provides an understanding of in which dimensions and how accuracy improvement can be pursued without sacrificing privacy.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Torra, Vicenç, et al.
(författare)
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Data privacy : state of the art
- 2023
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Ingår i: Transactions on Data Privacy. - : University of Skövde. - 1888-5063 .- 2013-1631. ; 16:1, s. 1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008, we published the first issue of the Transactions on Data Privacy. Now, 15 years later, we publish this special issue to celebrate the journal’s anniversary. The issue includes papers that give an overview of key privacy technologies, and it discusses important challenges and future research directions.
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| 7. |
- Mariscal-Arcas, M., et al.
(författare)
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Follow-up study of diet and nutritional and physical state of young expert Alpine skiers at a training camp : [Estudio del seguimiento nutricional y estado físico de jóvenes esquiadores expertos durante una concentración de entrenamiento]
- 2011
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Ingår i: Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte. - : Elsevier. - 1888-7546 .- 2172-5063. ; 4:3, s. 114-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To determine the diet, body composition and physical condition of six young Spanish skiers away from parental control and able to choose their own meals during a training stay at a Chilean ski resort.Methods: A protocol was developed to record diet, physical condition, training activity, and other incidences. Anthropometric measurements were taken weekly following the Spanish Sports Council protocol for the detection of sport talents. Their physical condition was examined every two weeks.Results: The six young Alpine skiers showed a considerably higher protein intake than recommendations and a mean percentage of energy from carbohydrates very close to the recommended percentage. The best predictor of iron status is considered to be the proportion of total protein in the diet. This proportion was considerably below recommendations. The BMI and %fat were negatively correlated with performance in flexibility, sit-ups and balance tests.Conclusions: The body composition of these young sportspeople influenced some physical test results. Despite the absence of parental influence, these children at this training camp freely selected a diet appropriate to their needs.
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