| 1. |
- Caldiz, Mayra S., et al.
(författare)
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Lichen litter decomposition in Nothofagus forest of northern Patagonia: biomass and chemical changes over time
- 2007
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 110:2, s. 266-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In northern Patagonia, macrolichens form species-rich and abundant epiphytic communities in southern beech forests. Five of the most abundant lichen species in the litter were selected in order to study mass loss rate and changes in mineral composition over time. The litter bag method was applied to the foliose lichens Pseudocyphellaria faveolata, Pseudocyphellaria flavicans, Nephroma antarcticum, Platismatia glauca and the fruticose Protousnea magellanica. Decomposition was measured over 550- and 600-day periods, starting in early and late summer, respectively. Mass loss after these periods varied from 30 to 82%. The decomposition rate between species differed from a half-life of 2.9 years in Pseudocyphellaria faveolata to 0.8 years in Protousnea magellanica and Plastismatia glauca. Samples deposited in early summer had a higher initial mass loss compared to samples deposited in late summer. After this initial loss, all species showed a similar temporal pattern with higher decomposition rates in winter and spring than in summer and fall. Pseudocyphellaria faveolata, Pseudocyphellaria flavicans and Nephroma antarcticum contain nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria and had a considerably higher N concentration and lower C/N ratio than Platismatia glauca and Protousnea magellanica. However, the latter species had a faster mass loss. Changes in macronutrient concentrations were small apart from a rapid loss of P and K in Pseudocyphellaria spp. and increasing Ca and Mg concentrations in Platismatia glauca and Protousnea magellanica. We conclude that seasonal climatic variations partly control the decomposition pattern but that the time of litterfall strongly influences the initial decay rate.
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| 2. |
- Caruso, Alexandro, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of substrate age and quality on species diversity of lichens and bryophytes on stumps
- 2009
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745. ; 112, s. 520-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stumps from the last felling constitute a large proportion of dead wood in young managed forests. Yet, the knowledge of the diversity of stump-inhabiting organisms is poor. We studied the importance of substrate age and quality to lichen and bryophyte diversity on the cut surface of stumps in south-central Sweden. In total, we found 53 lichens and 35 bryophytes on 449 Norway spruce stumps in a forest stand chronosequence of four age classes: 4-5, 8-9, 12-13 and 16-18 years old stands. The influence of substrate age and substrate quality on species diversity differed between lichens and bryophytes. Lichen species richness was higher for age classes 2-4 compared to age class 1, whereas bryophyte richness was higher in age classes 3-4 than in 1. Further, lichen richness increased with increasing stump height and the presence of surface structural components (chairs and levels), which together with decay also influenced lichen species composition. Conversely, increasing stump height and the presence of levels decreased bryophyte richness, which in turn increased with increasing decay, surface area and number of surrounding trees and shrubs. Only decay explained differences in bryophyte species composition. Stumps in this region seem more important to overall lichen diversity, because there were on average more lichen species per stump and we only found common bryophytes but several uncommon lichens. The different responses of lichens and bryophytes to age and substrate variables indicates, however, the importance of including several organism groups in species diversity studies of dead wood.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Frisch, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Herpothallon rubroechinatum (Arthoniaceae), a new species from tropical and subtropical America
- 2010
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745. ; 113, s. 144-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herpothallon rubroechinatum is described from the U.S.A. (Florida), Costa Rica and Peru. The new species is characterised by scattered red anthraquinone crystals being attached to hyphae projecting from the thallus, the globose to cylindrical pseudoisidia, a closely adnate thallus, and psoromic acid as the main lichen compound; pycnidia are common at the tips of the pseudoisidia. The medulla of the new species shows a patchily distributed amyloid reaction. Contrary to previous reports, the amyloidity of the medulla was observed in all Herpothallon species re-investigated during this study. H. rubroechinatum is compared to the two other red pigmented species that contain psoromic acid, H. australasicum that lacks pigment crystals on the pseudoisidia, and H. globosum that has a loosely attached thallus and a well developed red hypothallus.
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| 6. |
- Fritz, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Interacting effects of tree characteristics on the occurrence of rare epiphytes in a Swedish beech forest area
- 2009
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745. ; 112, s. 488-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many epiphytes in Swedish beech forests are associated with old and damaged trees. In this study we examined the impact of bark, soil and stemflow pH, water-holding capacity and bark structures on this association. We also analyzed whether the influence of these factors differed between species of conservation concern (red-listed and indicator species of woodland key habitats) and species not of conservation concern. One hundred and one age-determined living beech trees (range 58-277 yrs) in 13 beech-dominated stands were surveyed in a forest landscape in southern Sweden. We recorded 119 species in total (76 lichens, 43 bryophytes) of which 21 were red-listed and 17 indicator species (26 lichens, 12 bryophytes). NMS ordination showed that the species composition of lichens changed primarily with tree age and along the gradient of smooth bark versus moss cover. Bark pH and tree vitality were the most important gradients for bryophyte composition. The combination of old damaged beech trees and high bark pH resulted in the highest mean number of species of conservation concern for both lichens and bryophytes. The link between these factors is partly explained by a positive effect of tree age on the stemflow pH. Species number of bryophytes not of conservation concern increased with bark pH, whereas the corresponding group of lichens was favored primarily by increased light availability. Neither the water-holding capacity of bark nor soil pH affected patterns of species number. The results from this study show that old beech trees infected by fungi, with a higher bark pH, are the most valuable trees for epiphytes of conservation concern.
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| 7. |
- Frödén, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Josefpoeltia parva, a new combination in Josefpoeltia (Teloschistaceae)
- 2003
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 1938-4378. ; 106:3, s. 447-450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The new combination, Josefpoeltia parva (Ras.) Froden. & L. Lindblom with the basionym Xanthoria parva Ras., is made. The type species of Josefpoelfa, J. boliviensis, is reduced to synonymy with J. parva. The length of the conidia varies in J. parva showing a north-south gradient.
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| 8. |
- Giralt, Mireia, et al.
(författare)
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A new chemotype of Buellia triseptata (Physciaceae)
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - : ABLS. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 113:1, s. 72-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two collections of a chemically distinctive corticolous Buellia species were discovered in the herbarium of Sampaio at the University of Porto (po). A detailed morphological and chemical study of the specimens, as well as of additional material for comparison purposes, showed that they agree with Buellia triseptata, only differing by containing xanthones. They are here provisionally regarded as representing a new chemotype of B. triseptata. Further, the generic assignment of B. triseptata is discussed.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Knudsen, Kerry, et al.
(författare)
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Conspicuous similarity hides diversity in the Acarospora badiofusca group (Acarosporaceae)
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 117:4, s. 319-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acarospora badiofusca has an irregularly areolate thallus with an uninterrupted algal layer; it is a montane species and occurs in Asia, North America and Europe. Acarospora boulderensis differs from A. badiofusca in having a squamulose thallus, an interrupted algal layer and a higher hymenium. Acarospora boulderensis was considered a synonym of A. badiofusca by North American taxonomists, but is here recognized as a distinct species occurring in North America. Acarospora asperata H. Magn. is revised as a synonym of A. boulderensis. Acarospora irregularis from central Europe (Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia), as well as Greece and Italy (Sardinia), was considered a synonym of either A. badiofusca by Weber or of A. nitrophila by Clauzade and Roux. It differs, like A. boulderensis, from A. badiofusca in having a squamulose thallus, an interrupted algal layer and usually a higher hymenium. However, A. irregularis differs from A. boulderensis in having wider hyphal bundles interrupting the algal layer and distinct algal palisades. Acarospora badiofusca var. lepidioides is synonymized with A. irregularis.
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| 12. |
- Kärnefelt, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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The lichen genera Arctocetraria, Cetraria and Cetrariella (Parmeliaceae) and their presumed evolutionary affinities.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 96:3, s. 394-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A circumscription of the lichen genus Cetraria Ach. s.s., presently comprising 15 species, is made. The genus is characterized by oblong, citriform conidia as well as characters of the ascus: a small axial body and a distinct amyloid ring structure in the tholus (the region between the ocular chamber and the outer membranes in the apex of the ascus). All fertile species of Coelocaulon Link are incorporated into Cetraria, based upon the similarities in ascus structures and conidia. Two new combinations are made: Cetraria crespoae (Barreno & Vázquez) Kärnef. and C. steppae (Sav.) Kärnef. Two new genera, Arctocetraria Kärnef & Thell and Cetrariella Kärnef. & Thell are described, each of which differs in ascus structure from Cetraria. The new combinations Arctocetraria andrejevii (Oxn.) Kärnef. & Thell, A. nigricascens (Nyl. in Kihim.) Kärnef. & Thell, Cetrariella delisei (Schaer.) Kärnef. & Thell, and C. fastigiata (Nyl.) Kärnef. & Thell are made. Two additional species, earlier presumed to belong to Cetraria in the rather strict sense, are transferred to Tuckermannopsis Gyeln., mainly because of similarities in the ascus structure; the new combinations Tuckermannopsis inermis (Nyl.) Kärnef. and T. subalpina (Imsh.) Kärnef. are made to reflect this change. The presumed evolutionary affinities of all of these taxa are discussed.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Kärnefelt, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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Two new species of Caloplaca (Teloschistaceae) from the southern hemisphere
- 2002
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 105:3, s. 301-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Caloplaca gyalectoides S. Kondratyuk & Karnefelt from the Cape Province, South Africa, and Caloplaca chilensis S. Kondratyuk, Karnefelt, Froden & Arup with an associated parasymbiont Arthonia tetraspora S. Kondratyuk & Karnefelt occurring mainly along the coast in central Chile are described as new. Possible associated taxa are briefly discussed. Distribution maps are provided for all three species.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Medina, Rafael, et al.
(författare)
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DNA based revised geographic circumscription of species of Physcomitrella s.l. (Funariaceae) : P. patens new to East Asia and P. magdalenae new to East Africa
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 118:1, s. 22-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physcomitrella, as traditionally defined, accommodates certain Funariaceae with immersed and cleistocarpous capsules. Recent molecular inferences revealed that the three or four taxa typically recognized within Physcomitrella did not arise from a unique common ancestor, and hence that their morphological similarities likely resulted from convergence, while one potential taxon, P. patens subsp. californica (=Physcomitridium readeri s.l.), is currently regarded as a polyphyletic entity, making Physcomitridium polyphyletic. Following recent discoveries that would greatly expand the known range of two taxa, we sampled populations of Physcomitrella s.l. from all main geographic regions, and sequenced the nuclear ITS regions and four plastid loci to assess the geographic circumscription of each clade. We recovered three unambiguous monophyletic entities matching the three morphotypes recognized by Fife, each with a distinct geographic range: Physcomitrella patens s.str. with a range in Europe and North America extended to East Asia (China); P. magdalenae with a range from West and Central Africa extended eastwards to Ethiopia; and Physcomitridium (Physcomitrella) readeri from western Europe and western North America to Japan and Australia, plus a doubtful occurrence in China. Although the distinction of P. californica from P. readeri remains doubtful, we reject the hypothesis that Physcomitridium is polyphyletic, arguing that this resulted from a misidentification of the sequenced voucher.
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| 17. |
- Muggia, L, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular data confirm the position of Flakea papillata in the Verrucariaceae
- 2009
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 112:3, s. 538-543
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flakea papillata is a predominantly tropical, widespread lichen characterized by flake-like thalli of narrowly arranged, irregularly wrinkled, small bluish-green lobes, whose taxonomic position was unclear. The lichen shows superficial similarity with either algal colonies, bryophytes or fern prothallia, but the production of zeorin and other triterpenoids supports its inclusion in the ascomycetes. Analysis of the nuclear large and small subunits rRNA sequence data of samples from different origins supports the position of F. papillata within the Verrucariaceae: it forms its own supported clade not related to the core of Agonimia, in which it has been previously placed.
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| 18. |
- Naesborg, Rikke Reese, et al.
(författare)
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Chaenotheca longispora (Coniocybaceae), a new lichen from coast redwood trees in California, USA
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 122:1, s. 31-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chaenotheca longispora is described as a new species from the central coast of California, U.S.A. It is similar in morphology to C. laevigata but is distinguished by the long (up to 25 mu m) and spirally ornamented ascospores as well as chemically by the PD+ orange and K+ yellow reaction of the thallus. Thus far, C. longispora has been collected only from the crowns of large coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) trees in Armstrong Redwoods State Natural Reserve, where it occurs on the thick, fibrous bark of the trunks. A key to Chaenotheca species in North America, including C. longispora, is provided.
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| 19. |
- Perlmutter, Gary B, et al.
(författare)
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Biatora akompsa is found to be a disjunct North American species of Pentagenella (Opegraphaceae) through Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 123:3, s. 502-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historical and recent material of Bacidia akompsa (basionym: Biatora akompsa) was studied to determine the taxonomic position of this crustose lichen, prompted by the appearance of the provisional name ‘‘Lecanactis akompsa (Tuck.) ined.’’ in multiple online lichen databases and checklists. Initial morphological assessment of verified material confirmed B. akompsa as a member of Arthoniales but distinct from Lecanactis by having epruinose ascomata with a thin exciple open below the hymenium; a pale, K/Iþ violet to deep blue hypothecium; and ascospores with a gelatinous sheath. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of specimens recently collected near the type locality revealed B. akompsa to be nested within the genus Pentagenella in Opegraphaceae. The same placement was found using phenotype-based phylogenetic binning with 37 morphological, anatomical and chemical characters. The new combination Pentagenella akompsa is proposed and the species represents the first North American member of this genus, otherwise known only from Chile and Peru. Therefore, our results reveal the genus Pentagenella to have a remarkably disjunct distribution between North and South America. Several specimens previously labeled as Bacidia, Biatora, or Lecanactis akompsa were found to be misidentifications, narrowing the range of P. akompsa to coastal California, where it is found on two coastal conifer species that are (like P. akompsa itself) narrowly endemic and of conservation concern.
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| 20. |
- Randlane, Tiina, et al.
(författare)
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A second, updated world list of cetrarioid lichens
- 1997
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 100:1, s. 109-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- At the present time 135 cetrarioid lichen species can be listed. According to recent revisionary work they are placed into 22 genera. Six new genera (Arctocetraria, Cetrariella, Flavocetraria, Kaernefeltia, Nimisia and Tuckneraria) have been separated since 1993 when the first world list of cetrarioid lichens was presented. The genus Cetrariopsis is included in Nephromopsis in this paper. An alphabetical list of all epithets that have been applied to cetrarioid lichens is given, and the generic name to which they have been assigned is indicated in brackets. The author(s) of each combination, as well as the issue of its valid publication, together with the page and year are also presented. The currently accepted combination is indicated for each epithet. Two new combinations are proposed: Nephromopsis pallescens var. citrina (Taylor) Thell & Randlane and Nephromopsis laii (Thell & Randlane) Saag & Thell.
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| 21. |
- Rosato, Vilma G., et al.
(författare)
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Caloplaca austrocitrina (Teloschistaceae) new for South America, based on molecular and morphological studies
- 2010
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 1938-4378. ; 113:1, s. 124-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Specimens of Caloplaca belonging to the group of C. citrina (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. were collected in different localities in the provinces of Buenos Aires (Argentina) and studied using morphology and nrITS data. They were identified as C. austrocitrina Vondrak, Riha, Arup & Sochting, a species newly described from the Black Sea area, but also found in other European countries. These findings are the first mention of this species for South America and broaden its distribution range considerably. The results also show that the specimens from Argentina are genetically very similar to the European ones and that the variation in this gene within the species seems to be very low.
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| 22. |
- Rydin, Håkan
(författare)
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Competition between Sphagnum species under controlled conditions
- 1997
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 100:3, s. 302-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Previous field experiments had revealed high between-replicate variability in the outcome of competition among bog inhabiting Sphagnum species. I performed an experiment to test whether competition is more consistent render controlled conditions. Carpets
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| 23. |
- Selva, Steven B., et al.
(författare)
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Calicium sperlingiae, (Caliciaceae), a new species of calicioid lichen from Douglas County, Oregon, USA
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 126:2, s. 236-241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Calicium sperlingiae is described as new from Oregon, U.S.A. It was collected on the bark of Pseudotsuga menziesii on lands managed by the Bureau of Land Management, United States Department of the Interior. It is placed in Calicium based on morphology (stalked apothecia with black mazaedia and brown 2-celled, ellipsoidal ascospores) and molecular data. Phylogenetic relationships are inferred using the ITS region. The species is characterized by its superficial and well-developed, grayish-white, granular to leprose thallus, I- apothecia, moderately white-pruinose mazaedia, and relatively short clavate asci. A key to the North American species of Calicium is provided.
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| 24. |
- Sjögren, Jörgen
(författare)
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Ant-mediated dispersal of asexual moss propagules
- 2009
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745. ; 112, s. 73-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Through laboratory experiments I Showed that ants (Lasius platythorax) may, play the role of a passive vector for dispersing asexual propagules (gemmae) of Aulacomnium androgynum. Both species are commonly found on dead wood in Swedish forests. Two experiments were performed: one in which ants were allowed to run over a moss tuft and another where gemmae were attached manually to the ants. The first experiment clearly showed that gemmae adhered to the body of the ants as they moved freely over the moss tuft. In total, gemmae adhered to 33% of the ants within less than 2 minutes of exposure to the moss. The second experiment was conducted to determine how long the gemmae stayed adhered, revealing that under laboratory conditions half the gemmae stayed attached for approximately 4 hours before falling off. The results indicate that dispersal of asexual species may be mediated by animal vectors, thereby explaining why seemingly dispersal-limited species may in fact be target-oriented dispersers through animal vector assistance.
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| 25. |
- Sohrabi, Mohammad, et al.
(författare)
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Aspicilia rogeri sp. nov. (Megasporaceae), and other allied vagrant species in North America
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 114:1, s. 178-189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A short revision of the vagrant Aspicilia species of North America is presented based on morphological, molecular and ecological data. Vagrant Aspicilia are common lichens throughout the steppes of the western United States and in southwestern parts of Canada. Species delimitation of these lichens is difficult because of the paucity of morphological characters and large degree of variation. Inferences from nuITSrDNA sequences reveals that the North American specimens of A. fruticulosa are not most closely related to their Eurasian populations but instead share a unique ancestor with A. hispida. The specimens of A. fruticulosa from the New World are hereby recognized as a distinct species, A. rogeri. Its differentiation from the similar A. fruticulosa and A. hispida is discussed. The exclusion of A. fruticulosa from the N. American checklist is proposed temporarily.
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| 26. |
- Sonesson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of the physiology, anatomy and ribosomal DNA in alpine and subalpine populations of the lichen Nephroma arcticum – the effects of an eight-year transplant experiment
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 110:2, s. 244-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thalli of Nephroma arcticum were transplanted between and within a high-elevation alpine heath (1100 m) and a low-elevation subalpine mountain birch forest (380 m) in northern Swedish Lapland and harvested after eight years. Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between control samples for dark respiration rates, photon use efficiencies (apparent quantum yields) and light compensation points (all were higher in the high-altitude population). The following traits were significantly affected by transplanting: (1) epicortex thickness, (2) upper cortex thickness in the low-altitude population, (3) maximum photosynthetic rates, (4) dark respiration rates and (5) light compensation point. Of these malleable traits, all reduce the differences between the controls although there seems to be over-compensation in maximum net photosynthesis and under-compensation in dark respiration rate of the low-altitude population. Conservative traits, i.e., those that did not change significantly with transplantation were: (1) thallus thickness, (2) algal layer thickness, (3) algal cell diameter and (4) light saturation level. Small, yet significant differences in anatomy and physiology suggest that an ecotypic differentiation was established although the two internal transcribed DNA spacers ITS 1 and ITS 2 showed no corresponding variation between the populations.
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| 27. |
- Sonesson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal variation in concentrations of carbohydrates and lipids in two epiphytic lichens with contrasting, snow-depth related distribution on subarctic birch trees
- 2011
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 1938-4378 .- 0007-2745. ; 114:3, s. 443-452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lichens Parmelia olivacea and Parmeliopsis ambigua are common epiphytes in subarctic forests in Europe. They differ in abundance and vertical distribution particularly on birch trees, and these differences relate to the level and duration of the winter snow cover. Parmeliopsis ambigua is covered much of the cold season on the lower trunk whereas P. olivacea occurs well above the snow surface. Periods over 6 months under snow have no apparent effect on P. ambigua thalli while much shorter snow cover has been demonstrated to kill P. olivacea. It was hypothesized that the contrasting distributions are due to differences in growth rates and in size and quality of non-structural carbon stores in their tissues affecting their endurance to extended periods of dark respiration. To test these hypotheses, growth measurements were performed on both species and their thalli were sampled for chemical analyses. The results show that the mean annual margin extension growth of P. olivacea thalli was significantly higher than that of P. ambigua, i.e. 1.1 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively. The average non-structural carbohydrate concentration in the two species did not differ, but the annual concentration of storage lipids (triacylglycerol) in P. ambigua was four times higher than that in P. olivacea, despite a shorter growing season and lower rate of photosynthesis. The proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in structural (polar) lipids was high in both species, i.e. 77% in P. olivacea and 64% in P. ambigua, which appears to enable both species to withstand low ambient thallus temperatures. The higher concentration of storage lipids in P. ambigua allows survival in environments where P. olivacea would respire to death, e.g. under a prolonged snow cover. Parmeliopsis ambigua avoids competition by establishing toward the base of the tree trunk, where P. olivacea would not survive.
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| 28. |
- Spribille, Toby, et al.
(författare)
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Contributions to an epiphytic lichen flora of northwest North America: I. Eight new species from British Columbia inland rain forests
- 2009
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 112:1, s. 109-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent surveys of the inland rain forests of British Columbia and adjacentregions have brought to light an unexpectedly rich epiphytic lichen flora, including severalspecies apparently new to science. In the first of a series of papers, we describe eight speciesdiscovered during these surveys as new: Absconditella amabilis T. Sprib. (Ostropales),Bacidina contecta S. Ekman & T. Sprib., Biatora aureolepra T. Sprib. & Tønsberg, Biatoraligni-mollis T. Sprib. & Printzen (all Lecanorales), Collema coniophilum Goward(Peltigerales), Pertusaria diluta C. Bjo¨rk, G. Thor & T. Wheeler (Pertusariales), Schaereriabrunnea C. Bjo¨rk, T. Sprib. & T. Wheeler (Ostropomycetidae incertae sedis) andScoliciosporum abietinum T. Sprib. (Lecanorales). We also call attention to a ninth species,Bacidina sp. A, a poorly known and possibly undescribed colonizer of moribundcyanolichens. A majority of the above species appear to be confined to old-growth forests,while two (Biatora ligni-mollis and Schaereria brunnea) are currently known only from‘‘antique’’ forests older than about 500 years. Many additional undescribed epiphyticlichens are known from inland rain forests, underscoring the need for further baselinebiodiversity research in light of its ongoing disappearance as a result of resource extraction.In addition to the eight new species, we report Absconditella celata as new to NorthAmerica, Absconditella lignicola as new to Canada and Montana, Bacidina chloroticula asnew to British Columbia and Gyalideopsis piceicola as new to Montana.
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| 29. |
- Svensson, Måns
(författare)
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Gyalidea fuscoclavata (Solorellinaceae), a new corticolous lichen from south-western Argentina
- 2012
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745. ; 115, s. 173-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gyalidea fuscoclavata is described from one locality in the forest-steppe ecotone in south-western Argentina, where it grows on bark of the shrub Berberis microphylla. The new species is characterized by small (0.1-0.25 mm) black apothecia, 3-septate ascospores, apically thickened paraphyses with brown pigmented caps and KI+ blue hymenium.
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| 30. |
- Thell, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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A revision of the North American lichen genus Ahtiana.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 98:4, s. 595-605
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The formerly monotypic genus Ahtiana (type species: A. sphaerosporella (Müll. Arg.) Goward is shown to include two additional species, A. aurescens (Tuck.) Thell & Randl. and A. pallidula (Riddle) Goward & Thell. All three species are endemic to North America, and are characterized by their greenish yellow upper surface, globose ascospores, and caperatic acid in the medulla. The habitat ecology of these lichens is very specialized. Ahtiana is presumably most closely related to Tuckneraria Randl. & Thell and other cetrarioid genera having globose ascospores.
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| 31. |
- Thell, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Kaernefeltia, a new lichen genus in the Parmeliaceae.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 99:2, s. 125-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The new cetrarioid genus, Kaernefeltia Thell & Goward is described to accommodate Cetraria californica and C. merrillii, both of which are characterized by small, broadly clavate asci, slightly capitate paraphyses, disc-bar-shaped pycnoconidia and several distinctive fatty acids.
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| 32. |
- Tibell, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Chaenotheca nitidula, a New Species of Calicioid Lichen from North America
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 105:3, s. 353-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chaenotheca nitidula is described as a new species from northeastern North America. It is characterized by long, shining stalks; rather small, spheric, non-pruinose capitul; immersed thallus; and its association with Stichococcus as photobiont. In a phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences, C. nitidula was most closely related to Chaenotheca gracilenta and C. gracillima. It occurs on wood of conifers in old woodlands and has so far been recorded from Maine and New Brunswick.
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| 33. |
- Westberg, Martin
(författare)
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Candelariella (Candelariaceae) in western United States and northern Mexico: the 8-spored, lecanorine species
- 2007
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 110:3, s. 391-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper treats 12 Candelariella species occurring in western North America characterized by having lecanorine apothecia and 8-spored asci. Six new names are proposed: C. aggregata, C. californica, C. complanata, C. corallizoides, C. deppeanae and C. inmarginata. Candelariella terrigena and C. deflexa are treated as synonyms of C. citrina and C. aurella, respectively. Candelariella kansuensis is newly reported from North America. Distribution maps for western North America are presented for all species. Candelariella citrina, C. rosulans and C. terrigena are lectotypified. A key to Candelariella in western North America is presented.
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| 34. |
- Westberg, Martin
(författare)
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Candelariella (Candelariaceae) in western United States and northern Mexico: the polysporous species
- 2007
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 110:3, s. 375-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Six species of Candelariella with polysporous asci are recognized from western North America. The species are: C. borealis sp. nov., C. efflorescens, C. lutella, C. placodizans, C. vitellina and C. xanthostigma. Candelariella vitellina is lectotypified. A key to the polysporous species in western North America is provided and their distribution in the study area is mapped.
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| 35. |
- Westberg, Martin
(författare)
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Candelariella (Candelariaceae) in western United States and northern Mexico: the species with biatorine apothecia
- 2007
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 110:3, s. 365-374
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three species of Candelariella in western North America, characterized by biatorine apothecia, are treated. Two new species are described, C. biatorina and C. lichenicola. Candelariella biatorina is a corticolous species growing in montane conifer forests in western North America. Candelariella lichenicola, described from northwestern Mexico, is a lichenicolous fungus that lacks an independent thallus and the apothecia develop on the thallus of Candelina submexicana. The third species, C. subdeflexa, is a rare species on bark in Arizona, Colorado and Utah in western North America. Macroconidia are described in the Candelariaceae for the first time in C. biatorina. In C. subdeflexa conidia are borne externally on the lower side of the thallus squamules. The distribution of the three species in western North America is mapped.
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| 36. |
- Wetmore, Clifford M., et al.
(författare)
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The lobate and subfruticose species of Caloplaca in North and Central America.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 101:2, s. 230-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper includes 19 saxicolous species of Caloplaca from North and Central America that are characterized by distinctive elongated marginal lobes, non-paraplectenchymatous hypothecium, and presence of anthraquinones. In various ways this group has been referred to as Caloplaca section Gasparrinia or even separated at the generic level. The group, however, is not regarded as natural and consequently not given taxonomic status. Descriptions, keys, and distribution maps are provided for all treated taxa. Three new species are described for the region: Caloplaca appressa, C. stellata, and C. texana. Several lectotypes are selected. Caloplaca augustina is a new synonym of C. galactophylla. Color illustrations are provided for most species or references to previously published color illustrations. Additional notes are presented for six related non-American species.
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| 37. |
- Wetmore, Clifford M., et al.
(författare)
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What is Caloplaca cinnabarina?
- 1999
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 102:4, s. 683-691
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper treats four saxicolous species of Caloplaca occurring mainly in subtropical or semiarid regions in North and Central America, C. baueri, C. cinnabarina, C. rosei, and C. rubelliana. These species are mainly characterized by 1) a continuous to cracked areolate thallus, 2) thallus without marginal lobes, 3) areole margins broadly attached to the substrate, 4) cortex distinctly paraplectenchymatous, 5) immersed apothecia, and 6) containing anthraquinones. The group is not regarded as natural and consequently not given taxonomic status. Descriptions and distribution maps are provided for the taxa. Color illustrations or references to earlier published color illustrations are provided for all species. Additional notes are presented for two similar non American species, C. haematodes and C. subunicolor.
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| 38. |
- Wiklund, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Colony expansion of Neckera pennata : modelled growth rate and effect of microhabitat, competition and precipitation
- 2004
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 107, s. 293-301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We measured colony growth over a three year period in the obligate epiphytic moss Neckera pennata Hedw. in three forest sites in eastern Sweden. Increment in colony area was proportional to colony size; hence area growth was modelled with the exponential growth function. Growth was measured over four periods (ca 0.5 to 1 yr long), among these periods relative growth rate varied between 0 and 35% yr-1 with an annual growth rate of 13.6% for the whole studied period. Colony growth was correlated with precipitation during the periods and this relationship was used to calculate relative growth rate at normal precipitation. The regressed relative growth rate (18.2% yr-1) was utilized to model average colony growth over time, from establishment to a colony size of 250 cm2. The model was also used to estimate age of first reproduction, which occurred at a colony size of 12-79 cm2, corresponding to an estimated age of 19-29 yr. Precipitation was the most important variable explaining colony growth, but some other factors were also of significant importance. Cover of other epiphytes surrounding the colony had a clear negative impact on growth of the N. pennata colonies, which we interpret as interference competition. Our study suggests that N. pennata was forced up the stem by stronger competitors and that growth position up to 170 cm did not impair growth. However, neither the tree species, bark pH, soil moisture, nor forest site affected colony growth, suggesting that occurrence of N. pennata was restricted by establishment rather than by growth.
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| 39. |
- Wyatt, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in genetic diversity and reproductive performance of a moss, a leafy liverwort, and a thalloid liverwort from forests of contrasting ages
- 2023
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 1938-4378. ; 126:1, s. 129-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two competing predictions regarding highly dispersible clonal plants, such as bryophytes, expect levels of genetic diversity to either increase or decrease over time following a disturbance that opens habitat for colonization. Following up on previous research that found higher levels of genetic variation in bryophytes from relatively undisturbed forest sites, we examined unisexual, haploid species of a moss (Plagiomnium ciliare), a leafy liverwort (Porella platyphylloidea), and a thalloid liverwort (Conocephalum conicum sensu lato) from the Mountains, Piedmont, and Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States. In terms of time since last disturbance, sites were ranked Mountains > Piedmont > Coastal Plain. Measures of genetic variation, including percentage of loci polymorphic, mean number of alleles per locus, mean expected heterozygosity, and number of multilocus genotypes, all fit the prediction that genetic diversity should increase over time. We also examined several components of reproductive success expected to influence levels of genetic variation, including colony size, colony mixing, sex expression, phenotypic sex ratio, and sporophyte production (percentage of females producing sporophytes). Most, but not all, of our predictions for populations of varying time since last disturbance were fulfilled, although other ecological differences related to soil, climate, and vegetation are also likely to influence reproductive success.
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