| 1. |
- Råmunddal, Truls, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Safety and Feasibility Using a Fluid-Filled Wire to Avoid Hydrostatic Errors in Physiological Intracoronary Measurements.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Cardiology research and practice. - 2090-8016. ; 2024
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a fluid-filled wire with a pressure sensor outside the patient compared to a conventional pressure wire may avoid the systematic error introduced by the hydrostatic pressure within the coronary circulation.To assess the safety and effectiveness of the novel fluid-filled wire, Wirecath (Cavis Technologies, Uppsala, Sweden), as well as its ability to avoid the hydrostatic pressure error.The Wirecath pressure wire was used in 45 eligible patients who underwent invasive coronary angiography and had a clinical indication for invasive coronary pressure measurement at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. In 29 patients, a simultaneous measurement was performed with a conventional coronary pressure wire (PressureWire X, Abbott Medical, Plymouth, MN, USA), and in 19 patients, the vertical height difference between the tip of the guide catheter and the wire measure point was measured in a 90-degree lateral angiographic projection. No adverse events caused by the pressure wires were reported. The mean Pd/Pa and mean FFR using the fluid-filled wire and the sensor-tipped wire differed significantly; however, after correcting for the hydrostatic effect, the sensor-tipped wire pressure correlated well with the fluid-filled wire pressure (R=0.74 vs. R=0.89 at rest and R=0.89 vs. R=0.98 at hyperemia).Hydrostatic errors in physiologic measurements can be avoided by using the fluid-filled Wirecath wire, which was safe to use in the present study. This trial is registered with NCT04776577 and NCT04802681.
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| 2. |
- Hörberg, Ulrica, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Engaging with Families Is a Challenge : Beliefs among Healthcare Professionals in Forensic Psychiatric Care
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nursing Research and Practice. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-1429 .- 2090-1437. ; , s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being healthcare professionals in the complex field of forensic psychiatry care (FPC) seems particularly challenging. Historically, families have almost been invisible in FPC. The aim of this study was to uncover beliefs among healthcare professionals concerning families of patients admitted for FPC. Using a hermeneutical approach inspired by Gadamer’s philosophy, group interviews with healthcare professionals in four Swedish forensic psychiatric clinics were analyzed. Analysis resulted in seven key beliefs. There were three beliefs about families: family belongingness is a resource for the patient; most families are broken and not possible to trust; and most families get in the way of the patient’s care. Four beliefs concerned encounters with families: it is important to achieve a balance and control over the family; it is essential to set aside one’s own values and morals; family-oriented work is an impossible mission; and family oriented work requires welcoming the families. Despite ethical dilemmas of working with families in FPC, healthcare professionals showed a willingness and desire to work in a more family-oriented manner. More knowledge, understanding, and caring tools are needed in order to meet the needs of the family as well as support the family’s resources.
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| 3. |
- Krettek, Alexandra, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Transdisciplinary Higher Education – A Challenge for Public Health Science
- 2011
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Ingår i: Education Research International. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-4002 .- 2090-4010. ; 2011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper highlights and discusses issues associated with transdisciplinary teaching and suggests ways to overcome the challenges posed by different epistemologies, methods, and ethical positions. Our own transdisciplinary teaching experience in public health helped us identify some important questions including (i) what is transdisciplinary research in practice, and does methods triangulation yield more valid results?, (ii) from a teaching perspective, how do biopsychosocial and medical research differ?, (iii) what is the difference between deductive and inductive research, and does each discipline represent a different ethical position?, and (iv) does pure inductive research lack theories, and does it require a hypothesis—a “rule of thumb”—on how to proceed? We also suggest ways to facilitate and enhance transdisciplinary teaching, focusing on what unites us and not on what sets us apart, openly underlining and highlighting our differences. Using diverse methodologies, a newly educated transdisciplinary workforce will likely extend current knowledge and facilitate solutions for complex public health issues.
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| 4. |
- Ahmed, Mobyen Uddin, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Health monitoring for elderly : an application using case-based reasoning and cluster analysis
- 2013
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Ingår i: ISRN Artificial Intelligence. - Sweden : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-7435 .- 2090-7443. ; 2013:2013, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a framework to process and analyze data from a pulse oximeter which measures pulse rate and blood oxygen saturation from a set of individuals remotely. Using case-based reasoning (CBR) as the backbone to the framework, records are analyzed and categorized according to how well they are similar. Record collection has been performed using a personalized health profiling approach where participants wore a pulse oximeter sensor for a fixed period of time and performed specific activities for pre-determined intervals. Using a variety of feature extraction in time, frequency and time-frequency domains, and data processing techniques, the data is fed into a CBR system which retrieves most similar cases and generates alarm and flag according to the case outcomes. The system has been compared with an expert's classification and 90% match is achieved between the expert's and CBR classification. Again, considering the clustered measurements the CBR approach classifies 93% correctly both for the pulse rate and oxygen saturation. Along with the proposed methodology, this paper provides a basis for which the system can be used in analysis of continuous health monitoring and be used as a suitable method as in home/remote monitoring systems.
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| 5. |
- Höst, Gunnar E., 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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A Case-Based Study of Students' Visuohaptic Experiences of Electric Fields around Molecules : Shaping the Development of Virtual Nanoscience Learning Environments
- 2013
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Ingår i: Education Research International. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-4002 .- 2090-4010. ; 2013
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent educational research has suggested that immersive multisensory virtual environments offer learners unique and exciting knowledge-building opportunities for the construction of scientific knowledge. This paper delivers a case-based study of students’ immersive interaction with electric fields around molecules in a multisensory visuohaptic virtual environment. The virtual architecture presented here also has conceptual connections to the flourishing quest in contemporary literature for the pressing need to communicate nanoscientific ideas to learners. Five upper secondary school students’ prior conceptual understanding of electric fields and their application of this knowledge to molecular contexts, were probed prior to exposure to the virtual model. Subsequently, four students interacted with the visuohaptic model while performing think-aloud tasks. An inductive and heuristic treatment of videotaped verbal and behavioural data revealed distinct interrelationships between students’ interactive strategies implemented when executing tasks in the virtual system and the nature of their conceptual knowledge deployed. The obtained qualitative case study evidence could serve as an empirical basis for informing the rendering and communication of overarching nanoscale ideas. At the time of composing this paper for publication in the current journal, the research findings of this study have been put into motion in informing a broader project goal of developing educational virtual environments for depicting nanophenomena.
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| 6. |
- Leu, Monica, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Quality Assessment of 25(OH)D, Insulin, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and Potassium in 40-Year-Old Frozen Serum
- 2015
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Ingår i: Epidemiology Research International. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-2980 .- 2090-2972. ; 2015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Many longitudinal epidemiological studies collect specimens into biobanks to investigate how biomarkers predict future disease. In 1968-1969, the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg (PSWG) established a biobank. Objective: To examine the validity of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), total cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin and potassium after 40 years of storage at -20⁰C in terms of relative and absolute agreement. The quality of these markers under such condition has not been previously investigated. Methods: Baseline- and re-measured levels were compared in selected samples through percentage change, correlation and regression. 25(OH)D levels, not assessed at baseline, were compared by season, by BMI and longitudinally over six years. Results: Despite some lack of absolute agreement, Spearman correlations were >0.7 and statistically significant for all biomarkers. The 1968-1969 25(OH)D correlated with BMI (r=-0.45, p=0.05) and with levels six years later (r=0.85, p<0.001). Summer 25(OH)D was higher than winter 25(OH)D (p=0.02). Conclusion: For all markers, baseline- and re-measured levels exhibited high relative agreement. 25(OH)D was comparable with expected levels on fresh blood and varied with season. In future studies, PSWG individuals will be ranked according to these markers in order to follow incidence of disease.
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| 7. |
- Baars, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Citrus/Cydonia comp. Subcutaneous Injections Versus Nasal Spray for Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: a Randomized Controlled Trial on Efficacy and Safety
- 2011
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Ingår i: ISRN Allergy. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-5521 .- 2090-553X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Clinical experiences in vitro and clinical studies have demonstrated the curative potency and safety of Citrus/Cydonia compositum in seasonal allergic rhinitis treatment. Objectives. To compare the efficacy and safety of two routes of administration (nasal spray versus subcutaneous injections). Methodology: Design. a national, randomised, comparative clinical trial with two parallel groups. Participants. 23 patients fulfilled the study requirements. Intervention. after a one- or two-week wash-out period, 23 patients were randomized, to a 6-week treatment period. Outcomes. immunological and symptom severity changes and safety. Immunologic outcome assessments were blinded to group assignment. 23 patients were randomized and from 22/23 patients (11 in each group) blood samples were analyzed before and after treatment. Conclusion. Both routes of administration demonstrate immunological and clinical effects, with larger inflammatory and innate immunological effects of the nasal spray route and larger allergen-specific clinical effects of the subcutaneous route, and are safe.
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| 8. |
- Broström, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of the CPAP Habit Index-5 : A Tool to Understand Adherence to CPAP Treatment in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Sleep Disorders. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-3545 .- 2090-3553. ; 2014
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-term adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is low among patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The potential role of "habit" in sustaining adherence to CPAP use has not been studied. This study aimed to establish the relevance of habit to CPAP adherence, via validation of an adaptation of the Self-Report Habit Index (the CPAP Habit Index-5; CHI-5). Analyses focused on the homogeneity, reliability, and factor structure of the CHI-5 and, in line with theoretical predictions, its utility as a predictor of long-term CPAP adherence in middle-aged patients with OSA. A prospective longitudinal design was used. 117 patients with objectively verified OSA intended for CPAP treatment were recruited. Data was collected via clinical examinations, respiratory recordings, questionnaires, and CPAP devices at baseline, 2 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months. The CHI-5 showed satisfactory homogeneity interitem correlations (0.42-0.93), item-total correlations (0.58-0.91), and reliability ( α = 0.92). CHI-5 data at 6 months showed a one-factor solution and predicted 63% of variance in total CPAP use hours after 12 months. Based on the satisfactory measurement properties and the high amount of CPAP use variance it explained, the CHI-5 can be seen as a useful tool in clinical practice.
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| 9. |
- Delling, Lotta, et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility of bariatric surgery as a strategy for secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease: a report from the Swedish obese subjects trial.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of obesity (Online). - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-0716 .- 2090-0708. ; 2010
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims. Evaluation of bariatric surgery as secondary prevention in obese patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Methods. Analysis of data from 4047 subjects in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOSs) study. Thirty-five patients with IHD are treated with bariatric surgery (n = 21) or conventional treatment (n = 14). Mean follow-up is 10.8 years. Results. Bariatric surgery resulted in sustained weight loss during the study period. After 2 years, the surgery group displayed significant reductions in cardiovascular risk factors, relief from cardiorespiratory symptoms, increments in physical activity, and improved quality of life. After 10 years, recovery from hypertension, diabetes, physical inactivity, and depression was still more common in the surgery group. There were no signs of increased cardiovascular morbidity or mortality in the surgery group. Conclusion. Bariatric surgery appears to be a safe and feasible treatment to achieve long-term weight loss and improvement in cardiovascular risk factors, symptoms, and quality of life in obese subjects with IHD.
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| 10. |
- Gebregzabher, Endale, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of High- and Low-Risk HPV DNA in Archived Breast Carcinoma Tissues from Ethiopian Women
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Breast Cancer. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-3170 .- 2090-3189. ; 2021
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is involved in the development of cancer of the cervix, mouth and throat, anus, penis, vulva, or vagina, but it has not been much considered as a cause of breast cancer. Recently, a number of investigations have linked breast cancer to viral infections. High-risk HPV types, predominantly HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59, are established as carcinogens in humans. In this study we aimed to detect 19 high-risk and 9 low-risk HPVs from archived breast tumor tissue among Ethiopian women.Methods: In this study, 75 breast cancer patients from Tikur Anbassa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) were included. HPV detection and genotyping were done using the novel Anyplex™ II HPV28 Detection Assay at the Orebro University Hospital, Sweden. The Anyplex™ II PCR System detects 19 high-risk HPV types (16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 69, 73, and 82) and 9 low-risk HPV types (6, 11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 61, and 70). IHC for p16 was done using an automated system, the Dako Autostainer Link.Results: Out of the 75 valid tests, two were found to be positive (2.7%) for HPV. One of the cases was positive for the high-risk HPV16 genotype while the other was positive both for the high-risk HPV39 and the low-risk HPV6. The cell cycle protein p16 was highly expressed in the case positive for the high-risk HPV16, but it was not expressed in the case positive for HPV39.Conclusion: The prevalence of HPV is low in Ethiopian breast cancer patients, but the role played by HPV in breast carcinogenesis among Ethiopian breast cancer patients cannot be commented based on these observations.
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| 11. |
- Geremew, Getahun Wassie, et al.
(författare)
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Elephant Flows Detection Using Deep Neural Network, Convolutional Neural Network, Long Short-Term Memory, and Autoencoder
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Computer Networks and Communications. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-7141 .- 2090-715X. ; 2023
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Currently, the widespread of real-time applications such as VoIP and videos-based applications require more data rates and reduced latency to ensure better quality of service (QoS). A well-designed traffic classification mechanism plays a major role for good QoS provision and network security verification. Port-based approaches and deep packet inspection (DPI) techniques have been used to classify and analyze network traffic flows. However, none of these methods can cope with the rapid growth of network traffic due to the increasing number of Internet users and the growth of real-time applications. As a result, these methods lead to network congestion, resulting in packet loss, delay, and inadequate QoS delivery. Recently, a deep learning approach has been explored to address the time-consumption and impracticality gaps of the abovementioned methods and maintain existing and future traffics of real-time applications. The aim of this research is then to design a dynamic traffic classifier that can detect elephant flows to prevent network congestion. Thus, we are motivated to provide efficient bandwidth and fast transmission requirements to many Internet users using SDN capability and the potential of deep learning. Specifically, DNN, CNN, LSTM, and Deep autoencoder are used to build elephant detection models that achieve an average accuracy of 99.12%, 98.17%, and 98.78%, respectively. Deep autoencoder is also one of the promising algorithms that do not require human class labeler. It achieves an accuracy of 97.95% with a loss of 0.13. Since the loss value is closer to zero, the performance of the model is good. Therefore, the study has a great importance to Internet service providers, Internet subscribers, as well as for future researchers in this area.
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| 12. |
- Hallqvist, Andreas, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Mutated KRAS is an independent negative prognostic factor for survival in NSCLC stage III disease treated with high-dose radiotherapy.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Lung Cancer International. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-3200 .- 2090-3197. ; 2012
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The main attention regarding prognostic and predictive markers in NSCLC directs towards the EGFR-targeted pathway, where the most studied genetic alterations include EGFR mutations, EGFR copy number, and KRAS mutations. We wanted to explore the prognostic impact of mutated KRAS in the stage III setting treated with high-dose radiochemotherapy. Methods. Samples were obtained from patients participating in two prospective studies of locally advanced NSCLC receiving combined radiochemotherapy: the RAKET study, a randomized phase II study where patients were treated with induction chemotherapy (carboplatin/paclitaxel) followed by concurrent radiochemotherapy, and the Satellite trial, a phase II study with induction chemotherapy (cisplatin/docetaxel) followed by radiotherapy concurrent cetuximab. The samples were analysed regarding KRAS mutations, EGFR mutations, and EGFR FISH positivity. Results. Patients with mutated KRAS had a significantly inferior survival, which maintained its significance in a multivariate analysis when other possible prognostic factors were taken into account. The prevalence of KRAS mutations, EGFR mutations, and EGFR FISH positivity were 28.8%, 7.5%, and 19.7%, respectively. Conclusion. Mutated KRAS is an independent negative prognostic factor for survival in NSCLC stage III disease treated with combined radiochemotherapy. The prevalence of KRAS mutations and EGFR mutations are as expected in this Scandinavian population.
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| 13. |
- Hernandez-Moreno, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Absent Foveal Pit, Also Known as Fovea Plana, in a Child without Associated Ocular or Systemic Findings
- 2018
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Ingår i: Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-6722 .- 2090-6730. ; , s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this report is to describe a case of bilateral foveal hypoplasia in the absence of other ophthalmological or systemic manifestations. We characterize the case of a 9-year-old Caucasian male who underwent full ophthalmologic examination, including functional measures of vision and structural measurements of the eye. Best corrected visual acuity was 0.50 logMAR in the right eye and 0.40 logMAR in the left eye. Ophthalmoscopy revealed a lack of foveal reflex that was further investigated. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed the absence of foveal depression (pit). OCT images demonstrated the abnormal structure of retina in a region in which we expected a fovea; these findings were decisive to determine the cause of reduced acuity in the child.
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| 14. |
- Pikwer, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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The Patient's Gender Influencing the Accuracy of Diagnosis and Proposed Sepsis Treatment in Constructed Cases
- 2020
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Ingår i: Emergency Medicine International. - : HINDAWI LTD. - 2090-2840 .- 2090-2859. ; 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Male sex is an independent risk factor for sepsis development. In addition to immunological gender differences, women less often receive sepsis treatment once diagnosed. Gender differences have also been described in other medical conditions, such as acute coronary syndrome.Aim. To study whether the gender of patients influenced physicians' tendency to suspect sepsis and propose correct initial sepsis treatment in constructed cases.Method. Four cases were constructed to fulfil the sepsis-3 criteria as well as raise clinical suspicions of other common medical differential diagnoses. Two of the cases were drafted in two versions, only differing in the gender of the patient. The two versions were randomly distributed to all clinical physicians in a medical region in Sweden. The responding physicians were asked to state the three most important diagnoses and the three most important initial treatments for each case. If sepsis were among the stated diagnoses together with fluids and antibiotics, the case was considered as correctly identified and initially treated sepsis.Results. 120 hospital physicians answered the cases. In the case the patient was a female, the respondents correctly identified and treated sepsis significantly more often than if the patient was of the male sex (Case 1: 12/58 vs 2/62,p<0.01and Case 2: 25/62 vs 13/58,p<0.05).Conclusion. A low proportion of Swedish physicians identified and proposed treatment for sepsis in four constructed cases. In the case the patient strongly mimicked other diagnoses common in the male sex, the male cases were less often correctly identified and treated for sepsis.
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| 15. |
- Reali, Claudia, et al.
(författare)
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Hartmann’s Reversal: Controversies of a Challenging Operation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Minimally Invasive Surgery. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-1445 .- 2090-1453. ; 2022
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Hartmann's reversal is a complex operation with a high morbidity rate. Minimally invasive surgery has been used to reduce the impact of surgery on fragile patients. The aim of this comparative study is to look at the results of Hartmann's reversal procedures with different approaches.Methods: All the patients who underwent Hartmann's reversal were collected retrospectively (124 cases). Sixty-four patients (50.4%) had an open operation, 6 cases (5%) were treated with a conventional laparoscopic approach, 34 patients (28.1%) underwent single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS), and 20 (16.5%) required other additional trocars.Results: SILS operations were slightly longer than the open procedures (175 min vs 150 min), with the same rate of postoperative complications and reoperations (p = 0.83 and p = 0.42), but with a shorter hospital stay (5 days p = 0.007). Age (p = 0.03), long operative time (p = 0.01), and ASA score (p = 0.05) were identified as independent factors affecting postoperative morbidity. The grade of adhesions caused a longer operative time (p = 0.001) and a higher risk of conversion (p < 0.001), and short rectal stump increased the risk of protective loop ileostomy (p = 0.008). Patients with grade 2-3 of adhesions had a longer length of stay (p = 0.05).Conclusions: Minimally invasive procedures had a shorter hospital stay and did not show any increase in morbidity rate when compared with open cases. Age, longer operative time, and ASA score increased the risk of postoperative complications. Furthermore, patients with a short rectal stump had a higher chance of having a defunctioning ileostomy.
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| 16. |
- Ståhlberg, Anders, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry for detection of monoclonality in lymphomas.
- 2014
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Ingår i: ISRN oncology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-5661 .- 2090-567X. ; 2014
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In healthy humans, 60-70% of the B lymphocytes produce kappa light chains, while the remaining cells produce lambda light chains. Malignant transformation and clonal expansion of B lymphocytes lead to an altered kappa:lambda expression ratio, which is an important diagnostic criteria of lymphomas. Here, we compared three methods for clonality determination of suspected B cell lymphomas. Tumor biopsies from 55 patients with B cell malignancies, 5 B-lymphoid tumor cell lines, and 20 biopsies from patients with lymphadenitis were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR. Clonality was determined by immunohistochemistry in 52/53 cases, flow cytometry in 30/39 cases, and reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR in 33/55 cases. In conclusion, immunohistochemistry was superior to flow cytometry and reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR for clonality identification. Flow cytometry and reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR analysis has complementary values. In a considerable number of cases tumor cells produced both kappa and lambda light chain transcripts, but only one type of light chain peptide was produced.
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| 17. |
- Yusuf, S. N. F., et al.
(författare)
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Phthaloylchitosan-Based Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemistry. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-9071 .- 2090-9063. ; 2014
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phthaloylchitosan-based gel polymer electrolytes were prepared with tetrapropylammonium iodide, Pr 4 NI, as the salt and optimized for conductivity. The electrolyte with the composition of 15.7 wt.% phthaloylchitosan, 31.7 wt.% ethylene carbonate (EC), 3.17wt.% propylene carbonate (PC), 19.0 wt.% of Pr 4 NI, and 1.9wt.% iodine exhibits the highest room temperature ionic conductivity of 5.27 x 10 -3 S cm -1. The dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) fabricated with this electrolyte exhibits an efficiency of 3.5% with.. SC of 7.38mAcm -2,.. OC of 0.72V, and fill factor of 0.66. When various amounts of lithium iodide (LiI) were added to the optimized gel electrolyte, the overall conductivity is observed to decrease. However, the efficiency of the DSSC increases to a maximum value of 3.71% when salt ratio of Pr 4 NI : LiI is 2 : 1. This cell has.. SC,.. OC and fill factor of 7.25mAcm -2, 0.77V and 0.67, respectively.
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| 18. |
- Hellqvist, Carina, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Self-management education for persons with Parkinson's disease and their care partners : a quasi-experimental case-control study in clinical practice
- 2020
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Ingår i: Parkinson's Disease. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-8083 .- 2042-0080. ; 2020, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative condition with both physical and mental consequences that affect many aspects of everyday life. Persons with Parkinson's disease and their care partners want guidance from healthcare services in order to develop skills to adjust to life with a long-term condition. The Swedish National Parkinson School is a dyadic self-management programme to support both persons with Parkinson's disease and care partners. Objective To assess the outcomes of the Swedish National Parkinson School as reported by participants. Design A quasi-experimental case-control study in clinical care using self-reported questionnaires. Participants Swedish National Parkinson School was offered by health care professionals working in clinical care. Participants in the programme were also asked to participate in the study. A matched control group was recruited for a comparison of findings. In total, 92 persons with Parkinson's disease and 55 care partners were included. Settings. Five Swedish geriatric and neurologic outpatient clinics. Method Data were collected during 2015-2017, before and after participation in the National Parkinson School or before and after seven weeks of standard care. Outcomes were assessed using generic and Parkinson's specific questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to describe baseline characteristics. Mann-Whitney U and Chi(2) tests were used to test for between-group differences and within-group differences were tested by the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. Results Improvements regarding health status, constructive attitudes and approaches, and skill and technique acquisition were found after the intervention among persons with Parkinson's disease. No changes were found among care partners. Conclusion The findings indicate that the Swedish National Parkinson School may improve health status and self-management among persons with Parkinson's disease, but further studies are needed to better understand the effects of the programme.
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| 19. |
- Ahlberg, Emilia, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived changes in communication as an effect of STN surgery in Parkinson's disease: a qualitative interview study.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Parkinson's disease. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-8083 .- 2042-0080.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to explore four individuals' perspective of the way their speech and communication changed as a result of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation treatment for Parkinson's disease. Interviews of two men and two women were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Three themes emerged as a result of the analysis. The first theme included sub-themes describing both increased and unexpected communication difficulties such as a more vulnerable speech function, re-emerging stuttering and cognitive difficulties affecting communication. The second theme comprised strategies to improve communication, using different speech techniques and communicative support, as well as trying to achieve changes in medical and stimulation parameters. The third theme included descriptions of mixed feelings surrounding the surgery. Participants described the surgery as an unavoidable dramatic change, associated both with improved quality of life but also uncertainty and lack of information, particularly regarding speech and communication changes. Despite negative effects on speech, the individuals were generally very pleased with the surgical outcome. More information before surgery regarding possible side effects on speech, meeting with a previously treated patient and possibly voice and speech therapy before or after surgery are suggested to facilitate the adjustment to the new speech conditions.
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| 20. |
- Bjerke, Maria, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Confounding factors influencing amyloid Beta concentration in cerebrospinal fluid.
- 2010
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Ingår i: International journal of Alzheimer's disease. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-0252. ; 2010
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Patients afflicted with Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit a decrease in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of the 42 amino acid form of beta-amyloid (Abeta(42)). However, a high discrepancy between different centers in measured Abeta(42) levels reduces the utility of this biomarker as a diagnostic tool and in monitoring the effect of disease modifying drugs. Preanalytical and analytical confounding factors were examined with respect to their effect on the measured Abeta(42) level. Methods. Aliquots of CSF samples were either treated differently prior to Abeta(42) measurement or analyzed using different commercially available xMAP or ELISA assays. Results. Confounding factors affecting CSF Abeta(42) levels were storage in different types of test tubes, dilution with detergent-containing buffer, plasma contamination, heat treatment, and the origin of the immunoassays used for quantification. Conclusion. In order to conduct multicenter studies, a standardized protocol to minimize preanalytical and analytical confounding factors is warranted.
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| 21. |
- Liu, G., et al.
(författare)
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Numerical analysis of inner heating tube position for improving solid-phase transition in a shell-and-tube heat accumulator
- 2023
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Ingår i: Alexandria Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1110-0168 .- 2090-2670. ; 65, s. 771-784
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Latent heat thermal storage (LHTS) system is vital to reduce environment pollution. In the shell-and-tube heat accumulator, the position of the inner heating tube plays a vital role in the thermal storage. To analyze the effect of the inner tube position on the phase transition, a two-dimensional numerical model is developed. The structure has the minimum full melting time of 3480 s when the inner tube is 12 mm (L = 12 mm) from the center. Compared with L = 0 mm, the full melting time at L = 12 mm can be reduced by 13.4%.
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| 22. |
- Chakraborty, N., et al.
(författare)
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Statistics of conditional fluid velocity in the corrugated flamelets regime of turbulent premixed combustion: A Direct Numerical Simulation study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Combustion. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-1976 .- 2090-1968. ; 2011:Article ID 628208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The statistics of mean fluid velocity components conditional in unburned reactants and fully burned products in the context of Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) simulations have been studied using a Direct Numerical Simulation database of statistically planar turbulent premixed flame representing the corrugated flamelets regime combustion. Expressions for conditional mean velocity and conditional velocity correlations which are derived based on a presumed bimodal probability density function of reaction progress variable for unity Lewis number flames are assessed in this study with respect to the corresponding quantities extracted from DNS data. In particular, conditional surface averaged velocities ̄(u i ) Rs and the velocity correlations ̄(u i u j ) Rs in the unburned reactants are demonstrated to be effectively modelled by the unconditional velocities ̄(u i ) R and velocity correlations ̄(u i u j ) R , respectively, for the major part of turbulent flame brush with the exception of the leading edge. By contrast, conditional surface averaged velocities ̄(u i ) ps and the velocity correlations ̄(u i u j ) Ps in fully burned products are shown to be markedly different from the unconditional velocities ̄(u i ) P and velocity correlations ̄(u i u j u j ) P , respectively. © 2011 Nilanjan Chakraborty and Andrei N. Lipatnikov.
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| 23. |
- Ghadamgahi, Mersedeh, et al.
(författare)
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A Comparative CFD Study on Simulating Flameless Oxy-Fuel Combustion in a Pilot-Scale Furnace
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Combustion. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-1968 .- 2090-1976.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study presents a method to model the flameless oxy-fuel system, with a comparative approach, as well as validation of the predictions. The validation has been done by comparing the predicted results with previously published experimental results from a 200 kW pilot furnace. A suction pyrometer has been used to measure the local temperature and concentrations of CO, CO2, and O-2 at 24 different locations. A three-dimensional CFD model was developed and the validity of using different submodels describing turbulence and chemical reactions was evaluated. The standard k-epsilon model was compared with the realizable k-epsilon model for turbulence, while Probability Density Function (PDF) with either chemical equilibrium or the Steady Laminar Flamelet Model (SLFM) was evaluated for combustion. Radiation was described using a Discrete Ordinates Model (DOM) with weighted-sum-of-grey-gases model (WSGGM). The smallest deviation between predictions and experiments for temperature (1.2%) was found using the realizable k-epsilon model and the SLFM. This improvement affects the prediction of gaseous species as well since the deviation between predictions and experiments for CO2 volume percentages decreased from 6% to 1.5%. This provides a recommendation for model selections in further studies on flameless oxy-fuel combustion.
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| 24. |
- Huang, Chen, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of presumed PDF models of turbulent flames
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Combustion. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-1976 .- 2090-1968. ; 2012:564621, s. 15-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past years, the use of a presumed probability density function (PDF) for combustion progress variable or/and mixture fraction has been becoming more and more popular approach to average reaction rates in premixed and partially premixed turbulent flames. Commonly invoked for this purpose is a beta-function PDF or a combination of Dirac delta functions, with the parameters of the two PDFs being determined based on the values of their first and second moments computed by integrating proper balance equations. Because the choice of any of the above PDFs appears to be totally arbitrary as far as underlying physics of turbulent combustion is concerned, the use of such PDFs implies weak sensitivity of the key averaged quantities to the PDF shape. The present work is aimed at testing this implicit assumption by comparing mean heat release rates, burning velocities, and so forth, averaged by invoking the aforementioned PDFs, with all other things being equal. Results calculated in the premixed case show substantial sensitivity of the mean heat release rate to the shape of presumed combustion-progress-variable PDF, thus, putting the approach into question. To the contrary, the use of a presumed mixture-fraction PDF appears to be a sufficiently reasonable simplification for modeling the influence of fluctuations in the mixture fraction on the mean burning velocity provided that the mixture composition varies within flammability limits.
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| 25. |
- Lipatnikov, Andrei, 1961
(författare)
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Burning rate in impinging jet flames
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Combustion. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-1976 .- 2090-1968. ; 2011:737914, s. 11-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for evaluating burning velocity in premixed turbulent flames stabilized in divergent mean flows is quantitatively validated using numerical approximations of measured axial profiles of the mean combustion progress variable, mean and conditioned axial velocities, and axial turbulent scalar flux, obtained by four research groups from seven different flames each stabilized in an impinging jet. The method is further substantiated by analyzing the combustion progress variable balance equation that is yielded by the extended Zimont model of premixed turbulent combustion. The consistency of the model with the aforementioned experimental data is also demonstrated. © 2011 A. N. Lipatnikov.
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| 26. |
- Nilsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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The Facial Affective Scale as a Predictor for Pain Unpleasantness When Children Undergo Immunizations
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nursing Research and Practice. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-1429 .- 2090-1437. ; , s. 628198-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Needle fear is a common problem in children undergoing immunization. To ensure that the individual child’s needs are met during a painful procedure itwould be beneficial to be able to predictwhether there is a need for extra support.Theself-reporting instrument facial affective scale (FAS) could have potential for this purpose.The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the FAS can predict pain unpleasantness in girls undergoing immunization. Girls, aged 11-12 years, reported their expected pain unpleasantness on the FAS at least two weeks before and then experienced pain unpleasantness immediately before each vaccination. The experienced pain unpleasantness during the vaccination was also reported immediately after each immunization. The level of anxiety was similarly assessed during each vaccination and supplemented with stress measures in relation to the procedure in order to assess and evaluate concurrent validity.The results show that the FAS is valid to predict pain unpleasantness in 11-12-year-old girls who undergo immunizations and that it has the potential to be a feasible instrument to identify children who are in need of extra support to cope with immunization. In conclusion, the FAS measurement can facilitate caring interventions.
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