| 1. |
- Alimoradi, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Associations Between Behavioral Addictions and Mental Health Concerns During the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Current Addiction Reports. - : Springer. - 2196-2952.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of Review: The COVID-19 pandemic has promoted behavioral changes and elevated mental distress. Addictive behaviors often increased, generating mental health problems. The present study’s primary aim was to investigate associations between different types of behavioral addictions (including behavioral addictions, related conditions, and phenomena) and different types of mental health problems. The secondary aims were: (i) to identify possible sources of heterogeneity and (ii) to explore potential moderators in associations between different types of behavioral addictions (including behavioral addictions, related conditions, and phenomena) and different types of mental health problems. Recent Findings: Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), studies from the period between December 2019 and May 2023 were sought from PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar in its first ten pages. The articles’ relevance was screened and evaluated. The included papers’ quality was assessed according to the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Fisher’s Z scores were computed to present magnitudes of associations and I2 indices were used to estimate levels of heterogeneity in the meta-analysis. Among the 85 included studies (N = 104,425 from 23 countries; mean age = 24.22 years; 60.77% female), most were internet-related behavioral addictions, related conditions, and phenomena (28 studies on social media, 25 on internet, 23 on smartphone, and 12 on gaming). The pooled estimation of the associations showed that higher levels of behavioral addictions, related conditions, and phenomena related to internet use (regardless of type) were associated with more mental health problems (regardless of which type). Moderator analyses showed that almost no variables affected heterogeneity for the founded associations. Summary: Most studies of behavioral addictions, related conditions, and phenomena focused on internet-related behaviors, with studies suggesting relationships with specific types of mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, associations between behavioral addictions (including behavioral addictions, related conditions, and phenomena) and mental health problems found in the present systematic review and meta-analysis were comparable to the associations identified in studies conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic. How to help people reduce internet-related behavioral addictions, related conditions, and phenomena and address associated mental health concerns are important topics for healthcare providers.
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| 2. |
- Alimoradi, Zainab, et al.
(författare)
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Estimation of Behavioral Addiction Prevalence During COVID-19 Pandemic : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Current Addiction Reports. - : Springer. - 2196-2952. ; 9, s. 486-517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of ReviewThe COVID-19 pandemic changed people's lifestyles and such changed lifestyles included the potential of increasing addictive behaviors. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of different behavioral addictions (i.e., internet addiction, smartphone addiction, gaming addiction, social media addiction, food addiction, exercise addiction, gambling addiction, and shopping addiction) both overall and separately.Recent FindingsFour databases (PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and ProQuest) were searched. Peer-reviewed papers published in English between December 2019 and July 2022 were reviewed and analyzed. Search terms were selected using PECO-S criteria: population (no limitation in participants' characteristics), exposure (COVID-19 pandemic), comparison (healthy populations), outcome (frequency or prevalence of behavioral addiction), and study design (observational study). A total of 94 studies with 237,657 participants from 40 different countries (mean age 25.02 years; 57.41% females). The overall prevalence of behavioral addiction irrespective of addiction type (after correcting for publication bias) was 11.1% (95% CI: 5.4 to 16.8%). The prevalence rates for each separate behavioral addiction (after correcting for publication bias) were 10.6% for internet addiction, 30.7% for smartphone addiction, 5.3% for gaming addiction, 15.1% for social media addiction, 21% for food addiction, 9.4% for sex addiction, 7% for exercise addiction, 7.2% for gambling addiction, and 7.2% for shopping addiction. In the lockdown periods, prevalence of food addiction, gaming addiction, and social media addiction was higher compared to non-lockdown periods. Smartphone and social media addiction was associated with methodological quality of studies (i.e., the higher the risk of boas, the higher the prevalence rate). Other associated factors of social media addiction were the percentage of female participants, mean age of participants, percentage of individuals using the internet in country, and developing status of country. The percentage of individuals in the population using the internet was associated with all the prevalence of behavioral addiction overall and the prevalence of sex addiction and gambling addiction. Gaming addiction prevalence was associated with data collection method (online vs. other methods) that is gaming addiction prevalence was much lower using online methods to collect the data.SummaryBehavioral addictions appeared to be potential health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare providers and government authorities should foster some campaigns that assist people in coping with stress during COVID-19 pandemics to prevent them from developing behavioral addictions during COVID-19 and subsequent pandemics.
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| 3. |
- Berman, Anne H., et al.
(författare)
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Mobile interventions targeting risky drinking among university students : A review
- 2016
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Ingår i: Current Addiction Reports. - : Springer. - 2196-2952. ; 3:2, s. 166-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mobile interventions based on text messages, automated telephone programs (interactive voice response (IVR)), and smartphone apps offer a new approach targeting hazardous alcohol use in university students. This review covers seven recent studies involving college or university students that evaluated intervention efficacy in comparison to controls: four using text messages, one using IVR, and two smartphone apps. Only the study evaluating IVR reported positive results for the primary outcome. Two of the text message studies reported positive results on secondary outcomes, while the other two reported no differences in comparison to control groups. For smartphone apps, one study reported positive results on secondary outcomes, while the other showed no differences in comparison to controls for a web-based app and negative results for a native app. Further development of mobile interventions is needed for this at-risk population, both in terms of intervention content and use of robust research designs.
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| 4. |
- Chatzittofis, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Neurochemical and Hormonal Contributors to Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder
- 2022
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Ingår i: Current Addiction Reports. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 2196-2952. ; 9, s. 23-31
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of Review: Compulsive sexual behavior disorder has been recently included in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), and the possible contribution of neurochemical and hormonal factors have been reported. However, relatively little is known concerning the neurobiology underlying this disorder. The aim of this article is to review and discuss published findings in the area.Recent Findings: Evidence suggests that the neuroendocrine systems are involved in the pathophysiology of compulsive sexual behavior. The hypothalamus-pituitary adrenal axis, the hypothalamus-pituitary–gonadal axis, and the oxytocinergic system have been implicated.Summary: Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact involvement of neuroendocrine and hormonal systems in compulsive sexual behavior disorder. Prospective longitudinal studies are particularly needed, especially those considering co-occurring psychiatric disorders and obtaining hormonal assessments in experimental circumstances with appropriate control groups.
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| 5. |
- Van Hedger, Kathryne, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Acute Drug Administration on Emotion : a Review of Pharmacological MRI Studies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current Addiction Reports. - : SPRINGERNATURE. - 2196-2952. ; 8:2, s. 181-193
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of Review Many drug users claim to use drugs to cope with negative emotions, which may, in turn, result in persistent emotional blunting or anhedonia even when they are not using drugs. The purpose of this review is to describe the ways acute administration of psychoactive drugs impacts brain regions during emotion-related tasks, as a first step in understanding how drugs influence emotion processing in the brain. Recent Findings Drugs have varying effects on neural responses to emotional stimuli. In general, alcohol, analgesics, and psychedelics reduce neural reactivity to negative emotional stimuli in the amygdala and other brain regions. Other drugs produce mixed effects: Stimulants such as caffeine and modafinil increase brain activation while viewing emotional stimuli, whereas MDMA decreases activation during presentation of negative images. The effects of cannabinoids (cannabidiol and THC) are mixed. There are also inconsistent findings on the associations between neural responses to emotional stimuli and subjective drug effects. Consistent with the notion that individuals might use drugs non-medically to diminish the experience of negative emotions, several drugs of abuse decrease neural responses to negative stimuli in limbic brain regions. These neural actions may underlie the reported "emotional blunting" of drugs, which may contribute to drug-seeking behavior. Future work is needed to examine these limbic responses in relation to self-reports of changes in affect, both during acute administration and after extended drug use.
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