| 1. |
- Vestin, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
-
On the way to a smart factory for single-family wooden house builders in Sweden
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; , s. 459-470
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To remain competitive, single-family wooden house builders might create smart wooden house factories. Smart factories and smart production are recent concepts used to denote ideas that support competitiveness in for example the automotive industry. In the housing sector, a concept introduced to increase competitiveness is industrialized house-building. The aim of the study presented here was to investigate whether industrialized house-building characteristics could be a step toward a smart factory for wooden house builders. In this paper, ideas of the smart wooden house factory are synthesized, and challenges for the single-family wooden house builder are identified. The study is founded on empirical data from one single-case study. A challenge identified was the maturity level of the culture and organization to commit to and utilize modern technology and modern working methods. The concept of the smart wooden house factory is still in its infancy and needs further research.
|
|
| 2. |
- Wang, Lihui, et al.
(författare)
-
Preface
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 10, s. vii-viii
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Albo, Anton, 1991, et al.
(författare)
-
A framework concept for data visualization and structuring in a complex production process
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 38, s. 1642-1651
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides a concept study for a visual interface framework together with the software Sequence Planner for implementation on a complex industrial process for extracting process information in an efficient way and how to make use of a lot of data to visualize it in a standardized human machine interface for different user perspectives. The concept is tested and validated on a smaller simulation of a paint booth with several interconnected and supporting control systems to prove the functionality and usefulness in this kind of production system. The paper presents the resulting five abstraction levels in the framework concept, from a production top view down to the signal exchange between the different resources in one production cell, together with additional features. The simulation proves the setup with Sequence Planner and the visual interface to work by extract and present process data from a running sequence.
|
|
| 5. |
- Albo, Anton, 1991, et al.
(författare)
-
A standardization approach to Virtual Commissioning strategies in complex production environments
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 51:2020, s. 1251-1258
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ongoing industrial revolution puts high demands on the component manufacturers and suppliers to meet the tough requirements set by the development industries to follow the technological advancement of highly digitalized factories with more future-oriented applications as Virtual Commissioning for cyber-physical systems. This paper provides a production system lifecycle assessment regarding the technical specification strategies using Virtual Commissioning for implementation and integration of new systems or plants and its predicted future challenges. With the use of standards and a common language practice between a purchaser/contractor procurement situation and across the different technical disciplines internally and externally, the implementation strategies is reiterated to achieve a new sustainable business model. The paper investigates different types of production systems and how a defined classification framework of different levels of Virtual Commissioning can connect the implementation requirements to a desired solution. This strategy includes aspects of standardization, communication, process lifecycle, and predicted cost parameters.
|
|
| 6. |
- Andersson, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
-
Aesthetic Flexibility in the Management of Visual Product Branding
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 3, s. 2191-2198
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper will investigate the strategic design decision-making of an in-house designer in a company with a large product portfolio, with respect to how designers plan for future visual alterations of the product. In-house designers have to think strategically about the creation of recognition and differentiation through design because they influence the company's overall strategies. Therefore, while balancing aesthetic and semiotic qualities of the product, designers have to consider current as well as future needs for recognition and product differentiation. The ability to do so is affected by cost and brand positioning strategy. An exploratory study was setup to investigate what design strategies could be found in an industrial design team employed by a company. The study exposed how in-house designers could strategically incorporate aesthetic flexibility in product parts in order to create opportunities for faster facelifts or redesigns. The importance of managing carry-over details in larger product portfolios was also discovered. To carry over parts from different products is an important way for a company to save money, development time and at the same time increase brand recognition through repetition. Carry-over can be an aid to enhance visual recognition, but it can also be a hindrance when the designer needs to create differencing design values. Most products have a lifespan before they need to be updated or redesigned, which depends on the competition in a product segment. This makes it extra important for designers to have an understanding of when to incorporate carry-over details and when not to. A model was created to describe how carry-over details, design cues and aesthetic flexibility could be managed in a product portfolio. The model is based on Rune Monö’s works and brand management literature, with an emphasis on the brand positioning framework of Point of Difference, Point of Parity and brand extension by Keller et al.
|
|
| 7. |
- Andreasson, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards an increased degree of usability work in organizations
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. - 9781495160424 ; 3, s. 5739-5746
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is widely recognized that there is a substantial gap between usability research and practice where UCD approaches are rarelyapplied in practice due to arguments regarding the intricate nature of its methods and techniques. This paper presents an actionresearch study designed to investigate and analyze the potentials for an increased degree of UCD activities in the earlydevelopment phases of advanced information systems technology. The results demonstrate that there is a large interest inusability but that organizational priority and competence is often lacking. Instead one relies heavily on questionable conceptssuch as „trained professionals‟ to excuse the low effort towards usability. Based on the results, six recommendations forimproved usability work in R&D organizations are presented, focusing on the importance of prioritization of, and education inusability work.
|
|
| 8. |
- Azizoğlu, Yağız, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
-
Work hardening during alternating load directions of 316L SS
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Metal Forming METAL FORMING 2018 September 16 – 19, 2018, Loisir Hotel Toyohashi, Toyohashi, Japan. - : Elsevier. ; 15, s. 1777-1784
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding and modelling the plastic behavior of a material are essential for simulation and design of metal forming processes. Cold pilgering of tubes is a process with very complex strain history with alternating loading direction. This makes evaluation of the work hardening challenging. Cold deformation applied in a single direction predominantly exhibit work hardening, while changes of the loading direction may even cause softening in other directions. The influence of alternating loading directions on work hardening has been experimentally investigated for 316L stainless steel (SS). Cubic specimens were cut out from the preform of the tube. The specimens are subjected to uniaxial compressions in alternating directions along two perpendicular axes. From the results, a cyclic elastic-plastic constitutive model based on a Chaboche-type approach is calibrated and implemented in the commercial finite element code MSC.Marc.
|
|
| 9. |
- Bagchi, Satyajit, et al.
(författare)
-
Application of ZUPT-Aided INS to Indoor Localization of Tightening Tools
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2351-9789. ; , s. 565-569
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the application of zero velocity detectors in the field of indoor positioning for industrial tightening tools particularly in tandem with an extended Kalman filter to achieve reliable estimates in position. Inertial measurement units are promising devices to use in positioning systems. Data has been collected from IMU while moving in a predefined trajectory on a tightening test rig and post-processed in MATLAB using the implemented algorithms and the results are presented. They indicate that the error accumulation can be effectively controlled to 25 cm/min for the commercial grade IMU and 15 cm/min for the navigation grade IMU.
|
|
| 10. |
- Barrera Diaz, Carlos Alberto, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
Discrete Event Simulation Output Data-Handling System in an Automotive Manufacturing Plant
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 23-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Discrete Event Simulation is a comprehensive tool for the analysis and design of manufacturing systems. Over the years, considerable efforts to improve simulation processes have been made. One step in these efforts is the standardisation of the output data through the development of an appropriate system which presents the results in a standardised way. This paper presents the results of a survey based on simulation projects undertaken in the automotive industry. In addition, it presents the implementation of an automated output data-handling system which aims to simplify the project’s documentation task for the simulation engineers and make the results more accessible for other stakeholders.
|
|
| 11. |
- Bengtsson, Marcus, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
On the importance of combining "the new" with "the old" - One important prerequisite for maintenance in industry 4.0
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - Stockholm, Sweden : Procedia Manufacturing. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 118-125
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Development and technological advancement within Industry 4.0 is on top of agendas worldwide. The prediction that cost of technology will decrease while computational power will increase may lead to a maintenance community putting too much trust in technological advancement, leaving basic maintenance concepts and management underdeveloped or even unimplemented in the future. This paper will, through a case study, exemplify the importance of combining basic maintenance concepts and management, e.g., early equipment management, predetermined preventive maintenance, and root-cause failure analysis and elimination, with technological advancement, e.g., predictive maintenance, cyber-physical systems, internet of things, and big data, in order to increase total maintenance effectiveness.
|
|
| 12. |
- Bennulf, Mattias, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of resources and parts in a Plug and Produce system using OPC UA
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 38, s. 858-865
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a method together with an implementation for automating the detection, identification and configuration of newly added resources and parts in a Plug and Produce system using OPC UA. In a Plug and Produce system, resources and parts are usually controlled by agents, forming a multi-agent system of collaborating resources. Hence, when a resource or part is connected to the system, a corresponding agent must be instantiated and associated with that specific device. In order to automate this, the system needs information about newly connected devices. This information could, for example, be positional data describing where the device is connected. Some devices like tools and parts to be processed have no own network connection, but still, they should get an agent with correct configuration instantiated. In this work, OPC UA is used for communication between devices and the corresponding agents. All agents and their communication are handled by an Agent Handling System, consisting of an OPC UA HUB together with functions for device detection and agent instantiation. The HUB is used for transferring data between devices and their agents in the network by OPC UA protocols. When a device is connected to the network, it is detected, and a connection is automatically created to the HUB that becomes configured for transmitting data between the device and its corresponding agent. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
|
|
| 13. |
- Bergman, Christian, et al.
(författare)
-
Implementation of Suitable Comfort Model for Posture and Motion Prediction in DHM Supported Vehicle Design
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 3, s. 3753-3758
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Driver-vehicle interaction analyses are done to ensure a successful vehicle design from an ergonomics perspective. Digital Human Modelling (DHM) tools are often used to support such verifications, particularly at early stages of the product development process. When verifying that a vehicle design accommodates the diversity of users and tasks, a DHM tool needs to be able to represent postures and motions that are likely under certain conditions. This functionality is essential so that the tool user will obtain objective and repeatable simulation results. The DHM tool IMMA (Intelligently Moving Manikins) predicts postures and motions by using computational methods. This offers the possibility to generate postures and motions that are unique for the present design conditions. IMMA was originally developed for simulating manual assembly work, whereas the work presented here is a step towards utilizing the IMMA tool for occupant packaging and related tasks. The objective is a tool for virtual verification of driver-vehicle interaction that supports and automates the simulation work to a high degree. The prediction functionality in IMMA is based on the use of optimization algorithms where one important component is the consideration of comfort level. This paper reports results from an basic investigation of driving postures and available comfort models suitable in a driving context, and shows initial results of seated posture and motion prediction functionality in the IMMA tool.
|
|
| 14. |
- Bergqvist, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
-
Adoption of lean philosophy in car dismantling companies in Sweden-a case study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 620-627
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- At present, Lean manufacturing techniques are widely used in industries to improve the productivity by reducing different types of wastes. A case study has been conducted to investigate how Lean techniques can contribute in car dismantling companies in Sweden. This study gained insight of how car dismantling companies can be benefitted by adopting Lean philosophy. Some eccentric characteristics of this business which act as boundary condition for implementing Lean in Production Planning and control system were also identified.
|
|
| 15. |
- Bilandi, R. N., et al.
(författare)
-
Calm-water performance of a boat with two swept steps at high-speeds : Laboratory measurements and mathematical modeling
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2351-9789. ; , s. 467-474
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laboratory measurements are performed to find the performance in calm water of a planing hull with two swept steps. Furthermore, a mathematical model, based on the 2D+T theory, is adapted to provide a fast and accurate simulation for performance prediction of this craft. The trim angle of the vessel is seen to reach to two peaks, one in pre-planing and on in the early planing speed, then converges to a small value around 2 degrees. A small wetted area is seen to appear near the chine of the middle body of the vessel at early planing speed. Laboratory measurements and mathematical computations are seen to be in good agreement, especially at very high-speeds. Overall, the mathematical model is found to be a useful tool for performance prediction of boats with swept steps, which can have different, but better performance in comparison with stepless and boats with transverse steps.
|
|
| 16. |
- Birkie, Seyoum Eshetu, 1982-
(författare)
-
Exploring business model innovation for sustainable production: lessons from Swedish manufacturers
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 247-254
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Businesses globally are facing changes these days. To remain viable, business model innovation provides a strategic renewal mechanism. However, there are only few studies that investigated such challenging undertaking in light of changes for sustainable manufacturing systems. This study aims to explore practices towards establishing more sustainable production systems of the future. The investigation is based on publicly available data from selected Swedish manufacturers. Closeness of innovations towards some business model archetypes is discussed using the aspects of value proposition, value creation and delivery, and value capture. The findings indicate that a more structured and integrative way of understanding business model innovation for sustainable production is needed. They also imply that the value capture aspect of business models needs to address how different stakeholders, not just the business firm, capture different forms of value. The learning from this study could be used for designing more structured and large scale future research in the subject matter.
|
|
| 17. |
- Bolmsjö, Gunnar, 1955-
(författare)
-
Supporting Tools for Operator in Robot Collaborative Mode
- 2015
-
Ingår i: 6th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2015) and the Affiliated Conferences, AHFE 2015. - : Elsevier. ; 3, s. 409-416
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Making use of robot automation for customized products put high demand not only on the robot but on the efficiency, simplicity and flexibility to actually deploy and use robots in manufacturing stations and production lines in short batches and low volume production. Hence, market oriented product development and production requires more products to be developed and offered in less time than before, and produced for the market with more customizable options. The role of the operator is in this context an important factor and tools are needed to support the operator for highly efficient and flexible production. In this paper, the development and study of supporting tools for operators is presented. A demonstrator has been built for robotic nailing, screwing and manipulation operation in producing scaled down gable wall elements in wood for a family house. Issues raised to support the operator included automatic programming and generating relevant information for the operator for the deployment procedure to prepare for production. During production, different concepts of safety system to support collaboration mode between the operator and the robot was developed and studied. Wearable devices was used for the operator to access the information generated and different safety configurations were developed and evaluated. The baseline for this work has been to identify industrial use cases which has a clear need for automation as well as collaboration between operator(s) and robot(s). Work scenarios were discussed and analyzed with industrial partners and it was concluded that, in addition to the deployment tools, a smart safety system which is able to detect and react on humans entering the robot system work area is needed. This should support for efficient production and less downtime for both automatic mode and collaboration mode. The benefit of operator – robot collaboration is clearly shown as well as the need for supporting tools.
|
|
| 18. |
- Bonilla Hernández, Ana Esther
(författare)
-
On how the selection of materials affects sustainability
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 33, s. 625-631
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The selection of the materials for the production of aerospace engine products is directly related to their performance in tough working conditions. However, the extraction of the materials requires high amounts of energy, use water and emit CO2, which can be directly related with environmental sustainability. The abundance of the materials and their sourcing and geographical location can be further related to economic and social sustainability. Manufacturing companies look for different materials and cutting data that will optimize material removal rate, cutting tool utilization, required cutting time, costs, energy used, CO2 footprint, coolants, etc. Here is presented a simple methodology to calculate the sustainability impact of the selection of materials. The study compares a simplified theoretical work piece that is geometrically complex and made of difficult to machine material, e.g. Ti-6Al-4V and MP159. The study shows how to select the optimal material, not only in terms of costs, but also in terms of environmental, societal and economical sustainability. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
|
|
| 19. |
- Bonilla Hernández, Ana Esther, et al.
(författare)
-
Process sustainability evaluation for manufacturing of a component with the 6R application
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 33, s. 546-553
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainability in manufacturing can be evaluated at product, process and system levels. The 6R methodology for sustainability enhancement in manufacturing processes includes: reduced use of materials, energy, water and other resources; reusing of products/components; recovery and recycling of materials/components; remanufacturing of products; and redesigning of products to utilize recovered materials/resources. Although manufacturing processes can be evaluated by their productivity, quality and cost, process sustainability assessment makes it a complete evaluation. This paper presents a 6R-based evaluation method for sustainable manufacturing in terms of specific metrics within six major metrics clusters: environmental impact, energy consumption, waste management, cost, resource utilization and society/personnel health/operational safety. Manufacturing processes such as casting, welding, turning, milling, drilling, grinding, etc., can be evaluated using this methodology. A case study for machining processes is presented as an example based on the proposed metrics. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
|
|
| 20. |
- Bunaziv, Ivan, et al.
(författare)
-
Porosity and solidification cracking in welded 45 mm thick steel by fiber laser-MAG process
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 36, s. 101-111
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Porosity and solidification cracking in joining of thick sections are very common issues in deep penetration keyhole laser-arc hybrid welding (LAHW). In the present work, 45 mm thick high strength steel was joined by a double-sided technique. With combined use of fast welding speeds and larger air gap between plates, higher amount of porosity was found because of the dynamic behavior of the keyhole walls. Solidification cracking formed at the centerline in the bottom of the weld due to high-depth-to-width geometrical ratio. Numerical simulations have been performed and showed very high cooling rate and stresses occurred in the root of the deep welds, which corresponds with higher cracking tendency.
|
|
| 21. |
- Casper, Robert, et al.
(författare)
-
Reverse Logistic Transportation and Packaging Concepts in Automotive Remanufacturing
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 154-160
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A key process in a closed-loop supply chain is managing and challenging the transportation and packaging management. Strict environmental regulations in connection with transport of environmentally hazardous substances (e.g. oil) are offering a highcost-saving potential in connection with an optimised transportation and packaging concept. The aim of this case orientated paperis to provide the framework for the management of reverse flow of materials in automotive industry. The emphasis is placed onthe remanufacturing activities. To obtain and verify the necessary information for the above mentioned problems, differentmethods and techniques have been applied: 1) Relevant, available literature in connection with this matter was studied; 2) Dataand documents was requested directly by relevant market actors; 3) The clustered data was analysed and samples werehighlighted; and 4) The data was evaluated and recommended courses of action were given. The results show that the mainproblems appear in the area of forward and reverse logistics: Packaging concepts which do not protect the product in an optimalway (forward / reverse logistics). Moreover, packaging concepts which do not protect the environment against potential negativeinfluence of a used part (reverse logistics) A best practice for the transportation of engine components is given and evaluated: Anengine in a metal frame with oil-pan. Securely attached by bolts. Packed in plastic bag.
|
|
| 22. |
- Chirumalla, Koteshwar, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring feedback loops in the industrialization process : A case study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2351-9789. ; , s. 169-176
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to explore the current available practices of feedback loops at different phases in the industrialization process. Although literature highlights the impact of feedback loops for both product and production systems development, there is limited research about how firms utilize the concept of feedback loops in the industrialization process. Based on a case study at a railway component manufacturing company, the paper presents the identified feedback loops and mechanisms that are working well and not working well within the industrialization process. Further, it explains a practical method to improve the current or establish new feedback loops. The paper contributes to the discussion on the application of lean and agile approaches to the industrialization process where feedback loops act as enablers.
|
|
| 23. |
- Dahl, Martin, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Automatic modeling and simulation of robot program behavior in integrated virtual preparation and commissioning
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 11, s. 284-291
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a method where the behavior of a robot cell is automatically modeled based on existing robot programs and a simulation model of the cell. Robot programs from the shop floor are uploaded into a virtual manufacturing tool, and a formal model is then generated from the robot programs. Then, control logic is automatically calculated, and the fastest possible execution order is found by using the generated model to formulate an optimization problem. The result is continuously analyzed and validated by simulation in the virtual manufacturing tool.
|
|
| 24. |
- de Giorgio, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
-
Human-machine Collaboration in Virtual Reality for Adaptive Production Engineering
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 11, s. 1279-1287
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper outlines the main steps towards an open and adaptive simulation method for human-robot collaboration (HRC) in production engineering supported by virtual reality (VR). The work is based on the latest software developments in the gaming industry, in addition to the already commercially available hardware that is robust and reliable. This allows to overcome VR limitations of the industrial software provided by manufacturing machine producers and it is based on an open-source community programming approach and also leads to significant advantages such as interfacing with the latest developed hardware for realistic user experience in immersive VR, as well as the possibility to share adaptive algorithms. A practical implementation in Unity is provided as a functional prototype for feasibility tests. However, at the time of this paper, no controlled human-subject studies on the implementation have been noted, in fact, this is solely provided to show preliminary proof of concept. Future work will formally address the questions that are raised in this first run.
|
|
| 25. |
- de Giorgio, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
-
Procedural knowledge and function blocks for smart process planning
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - Stockholm : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 48, s. 1079-1087
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the age of digital manufacturing there is a need to elicit and transfer procedural knowledge between humans and machines. Having proper knowledge is essential in decision-making. The more the knowledge, the better decisions are made. To capture experiences and turn them into knowledge is fundamental in learning processes and knowledge development. Knowledge engineering and knowledge management have been subject for research for decades and several concepts about knowledge and knowledge transfer have been introduced, but a functional approach to exploit knowledge efficiently in manufacturing is still missing. In the era of Industry 4.0, humans and machines must be able to collaborate in such way that both can exploit the best abilities of each other in a manufacturing process. This paper introduces a procedural knowledge process (PKP) approach to capturing and defining unexpected events, while a process step is able to perform its required functions and transfer that information as machine-understandable knowledge about a failure mode. Function blocks (FBs), as per the IEC-61499 standard, have been proposed as a way to achieve distributed process planning in which the manufacturing process can adapt itself to runtime conditions, e.g. machine availability, etc. However, FBs are event-driven systems and the approach is limited to work under well-known runtime conditions, e.g. machine configurations and states, or deviations which are impossible to foresee in advance, for instance the outcome of a process failure mode effects analysis (PFMEA). The PKP introduced in this paper, aims at bridging this gap by integrating at runtime an expert operator’s solution based on root cause analysis (RCA) in an FB architecture, making the FB knowledge-driven systems, for further executions of the same without redesigning it. Natural language representations of procedural knowledge blocks (PKBs) allow to transfer procedural knowledge to human operators, i.e. explain the process flow of a machine decision, while machine representations of PKBs allow to embed procedural knowledge that is elicited from expert operators upon unexpected events into the FBs process. The resulting PKP enhances the FBs for smart industrial applications, such as the process planning use case described in this paper.
|
|
| 26. |
- De Vin, Leo, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
-
Game-based Lean Production training of university students and industrial employees
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 578-585
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Production simulation games are increasingly popular for training students and industrial employees in Lean Production principles. They range from paper- or desktop-based games to full scale simulators and proper manufacturing machinery. This paper reports on experiences from using both desktop games and a full scale simulator. Desktop games are suitable when training people who already have a fair understanding of lean principles. Shop floor workers usually have difficulties in seeing analogies between desktop games and their work environment. For both students and industrial workers, training effects and immersion tend to be higher when using full scale simulators.
|
|
| 27. |
- De Vin, Leo, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
-
Lean Production Training for the Manufacturing Industry : Experiences from Karlstad Lean Factory
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both literature and manufacturing companies state that simulators for providing training in lean production to industrialemployees must be similar to the work environment. This motivated the design of Karlstad Lean Factory, which is a trainingenvironment that realistically resembles an industrial environment. It is a full-scale training facility that incorporates acombination of materials processing and assembly. Parameters such as processing times, breakdown intervals and repair typescan be set. Examples of basic and more advanced training scenarios are given. Experiences from training groups of industrialemployees are described; inhomogeneity of these groups requires some specific attention.
|
|
| 28. |
- Dogea, Ramona, et al.
(författare)
-
Identifying challenges related to industry 4.0 in five manufacturing companies
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; :C, s. 328-334
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of the 4th industrial revolution has resulted in significant improvement in the effectiveness of product and production development. Nowadays, research has been done focused on new technologies of integrated products and production platforms to support decision making in engineering processes. This means that there is the need to continuously explore different ways of integrating product and production platforms in industry. The aim of this paper is directed at finding the current state of practice in today´s industry with respect to their degree of automation. To make this achievable, a methodology based on the interactive research principles and the design research methodology is followed. As input data, six Swedish companies were interviewed in order to draw a picture of their challenges and needs for each lifecycle phase of selected products. The main contribution of this work is the identification of gaps in their product and production platforms as well as methods to address them. Struggling with understanding and adopting Industry 4.0, this paper also reviews the concepts and approaches related to digitalisation of product and production platforms. The results show that there are three application fields the companies have been facing: simulation and calculation, automation as well as data management. Within them, there are common aspects like lack of software tools, design and production automation, data migration and collection, or data handling in production. The findings of the study strongly suggest companies to adopt Industry 4.0 techniques to improve their product and production assets.
|
|
| 29. |
- Du, Hongying, et al.
(författare)
-
Using chip weight distribution as a method to define chip breakability during machining
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Proceedings 8th Swedish Production Symposium (SPS). - : Elsevier BV. ; 25, s. 309-315
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, the existing evaluation methods of chip breakability in industry are based on subjective visual evaluations of the chip formation during cutting or on a chip chart made after the tests. However, more sensitive methods are needed to provide more in-depth information. Thus, this study proposes a method to better evaluate the chip breakability. Based on a systematically study using the weight distribution measurement method, the results show that a great consistency and reliability to evaluate the chip breakability can be obtained. Overall, it is an objective, available and precise method to be applied in the academic and industrial research. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
|
|
| 30. |
- Edberg, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Use of Indicators for Hot and Warm Cracking in Welded Structures
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 7, s. 145-150
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Weight reduction of mechanical components is becoming increasingly important as a way to provide more environment friendly production and operation of different equipment. This is true in almost any manufacturing industry, but is especially important to the aerospace industry. Casting has often been replaced by hot and cold metal working operations and welding, usually including an additional heat treatment. This gives components better material properties and provides components with less weight and cost but with increased strength and efficiency. This may even be true for rotating Ni- based superalloy components, and is enabled by welding methods. However, weld cracking of precipitation hardening Ni-based superalloys is a serious problem, both in manufacturing and overhaul since it endangers component life if cracks are allowed to propagate.Cracks can appear in a weld and in it's surroundings. The triggering mechanisms depend on its location and when it is nucleated. Generally saying, weld cracking in precipitation hardening Ni-based superalloys consists of two different types of cracking, hot cracking and warm cracking which may be further divided into heat affected zone (HAZ) liquation cracking, solidification cracking and strain age cracking, respectively.Finite element simulations of welding and heat treatment processes started in the seventies for small laboratory set-up cases and have today matured, and are now used on large-scale structures like aerospace components. But FE-based crack criteria that can predict the risk of cracking due to welding or heat treatments are rare. In a recent study both hot cracking and warm cracking have been investigated in Ni-based superalloys, and two FE-based indicators showing the risk of hot and warm cracks have been proposed. The objective of the investigation presented in this paper is to compare results from FE-simulations with experimental results from weldability tests, like the Varestraint test and the high temperature mechanical Gleeble test.
|
|
| 31. |
- Ekstrand, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Understanding disturbance handling in complex assembly: analysis of complexity index method results
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 25:2018, s. 213-222
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disturbance handling is crucial for managing production complexity in final assembly. Due to that complexity in a system causes uncertainties and assembly errors, it is important to further investigate what causes disturbance handling and how it can be managed to support operators working with complexity. Production complexity was assessed through the method CompleXity Index (CXI), which captures operators’ view of a station. A statistical analysis of the CXI data was performed and relations between available time and use of work instructions and also seniority and empowerment were found. In addition no relation between empowerment and stress was seen which indicates that perceived empowerment and its relation to stress should be studied further.
|
|
| 32. |
- Eriyeti, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Web-based process planning system concept selection using Weighted Decision Matrix and Analytical Hierarchy Process : A case study of sheet metal bending operations
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2351-9789. ; , s. 462-469
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The demand for sheet metal bending products has pushed the sheet metal industry to adopt new process planning approaches that can transform the existing systems in order to improve efficiency and reduce costs during product design and manufacture. Sheet metal industries are still using traditional system planning methods, which have limited capacity to respond to rapid changes in market requirements. In light of this, this paper proposes a suitable web-based process planning system that can be used to effectively bend varieties of sheet metal products using various bending press machines. Three web-based process planning system concepts were formulated in this study and evaluated using various criteria. The result of the Weighted Decision Matrix (WDM) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analyses revealed that web-based process planning system concept Y with a cumulative assessment score of 1.90 and a priority assessment score of 0.637 is the suitable web-based process planning system that could be used to effectively bend varieties of sheet metals. This evaluation approach serves as a useful information for system designers in other manufacturing sectors, to select suitable systems capable of effectively carrying out their operations.
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
- Fasth Berglund, Åsa, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Testing and validating Extended Reality (xR) technologies in manufacturing
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 31-38
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- xR technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) are increasing at shop-floors but are still in need for validation in order to make good strategic decisions regarding implementation. The areas where most industries apply AR is within remote guidance and complex tasks such as maintenance. VR is mostly used for layout planning and more and more for virtual training. This paper aims to present results from six case studies with over two hundred responders from academy and industry about usage and strategies on where and when to implement what xR technology.
|
|
| 35. |
- Fratini, Livan, et al.
(författare)
-
Preface
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2351-9789. ; 34, s. 1-2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 36. |
- Fratini, L., et al.
(författare)
-
Preface
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2351-9789. ; 48, s. 1-3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
|
|
| 39. |
- Fredriksson, Claes, 1964-
(författare)
-
Sustainability of metal powder additive manufacturing
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 33, s. 139-144
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Additive manufacturing, or 3D-printing, has attracted attention and raised expectations regarding future production and repair of parts, for example, in the aerospace industry. Various techniques have been utilized to deposit metal alloys for components. It has been suggested that this may offer great benefits in terms of sustainability, in particular, new opportunities for lightweighting. There are, however, outstanding questions about sustainability benefits outside of the use phase. In this paper, the material and manufacturing life-cycle stages were investigated for details produced using INCONEL 718. Energy measurements from an ARCAM A2X Electron Beam Melting system are presented and compared to the embodied energy and indirect CO2-emissions of the feedstock as well as to traditional subtractive manufacturing. It is found that both the metal powder production and the additive manufacturing process itself contribute considerably to total energy use and emissions. Ashby’s 5-step method for assessment of sustainable development is used to briefly discuss economic and social implications of additive manufacturing. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
|
|
| 40. |
- Frostevarg, Jan, Teknologie doktor, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
Influence of the vapour channel on processing in laser powder bed fusion
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 36, s. 80-87
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Additive Manufacturing provides many opportunities to design and manufacture parts that are difficult or not possible to produce with conventional methods. In Selective Laser Melting (SLM) in powder bed fusion (PBF), melt pool dynamics and stability is dependent on a large number of factors, e.g. laser power output, power density, travel speed, reflectivity of powder bed, rapid heating and vaporization. Since travel speeds are often very fast and the laser interaction zone is small, the physical events become difficult to predict but also to observe. This work aims to describe the formation and geometrical characteristics of the vaporization zone during processing. Using a combination of theoretical descriptions, resulting material structures and a comprehensive analysis of high-speed images of the processing zone for different heat inputs and travel speeds, explanations for the dynamic melt pool behaviour are derived. The melting and pressures from processing involved moves powder particles next to it, changing the conditions for neighbouring tracks due to lack of material. These findings can provide a basis for creating more efficient and stable SLM processing, with fewer imperfections.
|
|
| 41. |
- Garcia Represa, Jaime, 1994-, et al.
(författare)
-
Autonomous Production Workstation Operation, Reconfiguration and Synchronization
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 39, s. 226-234
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The decoupling of production line’s workstations and its equipment from the higher layers in an automation architecture has thepotential to provide the following benefits: 1. Dynamic workstation reconfiguration; 2. Autonomous synchronization of workstationequipment; 3. Autonomous workstation operation.Each of these benefits will improve the automation flexibility at each workstation and for the whole production line.Introducing IoT equipment into workstations and making use of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) fundamentals such as lookup,late binding and loose coupling are shown here to provide the above benefits. In addition, the cost of such an implementationand deployment seems to be significantly less than the comparable cost for legacy technology.An implementation, using the SOA approach on a workstation, at the Volvo Trucks production facility in Gothenburg was madepossible thanks to the Arrowhead framework, which has been shown to provide all three listed improvements.The analysis of the above-mentioned demonstration clearly shows how the workstation reconfiguration is made simple usingthe arrowhead ServiceRegistry system. Autonomous synchronization is achieved through the look-up and late binding capabilitiesprovided by the arrowhead Orchestration system in cooperation with the ServiceRegistry system. Finally, autonomous workstationoperation is provided through the support of the arrowhead Workflow Manager and Workflow Executor systems.All these benefits were achieved at a significantly reduced cost compared to comparable legacy implementation.
|
|
| 42. |
- Goienetxea Uriarte, Ainhoa, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Supporting the lean journey with simulation and optimization in the context of Industry 4.0
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 586-593
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The new industrial revolution brings important changes to organizations that will need to adapt their machines, systems and employees’ competences to sustain their business in a highly competitive market. Management philosophies such as lean will also need to adapt to the improvement possibilities that Industry 4.0 brings. This paper presents a review on the role of lean and simulation in the context of Industry 4.0. Additionally, the paper presents a conceptual framework where simulation and optimization will make the lean approach more efficient, speeding up system improvements and reconfiguration, by means of an enhanced decision-making process and supported organizational learning.
|
|
| 43. |
- Gong, Liang, 1985, et al.
(författare)
-
The Comparison Study of Different Operator Support Tools for Assembly Task in the Era of Global Production
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 11, s. 1271-1278
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of a global production strategy, many manufacturing companies locate their assembly plants in different countries around the world. While outsourcing final assembly closer to key markets has competitive benefits, these companies face new challenges with communication and dissemination of information. Concerning shop-floor operators specifically, these challenges affect the initial training and continuing improvement work instructions in particular. Emerging information and communication technology (ICT) have created new opportunities for supporting operators cognitively. In this paper, an immersive virtual reality (IVR) training environment for LEGO gearbox assembly was developed and tested. IVR technologies offer new opportunities where operators can access training and work instructions in an immersive environment, which could potentially improve and influence the operator performance and emotion. Both objective performance and subjective emotion were measured and the impacts were analyzed. The results were compared with four different operator support approaches and it was seen that IVR technology has the potential of improving operator and that further studies on integration, information, communication design and development of measurement methods are needed before the industry can benefit from the full potential of IVR technology.
|
|
| 44. |
- Gopinath, Varun, et al.
(författare)
-
Collaborative Assembly on a Continuously Moving Line - An Automotive Case Study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 28TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FLEXIBLE AUTOMATION AND INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING (FAIM2018): GLOBAL INTEGRATION OF INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING AND SMART INDUSTRY FOR GOOD OF HUMANITY. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. ; 17, s. 985-992
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collaborative operation is a state in which a purposely designed robot system and an operator work within a collaborative workspace. To ensure a safe working environment, safety standards suggest conducting a task-based risk assessment followed by risk reduction to reduce the risks to an acceptable level. In this article, an automotive case study will be used to understand safety issues associated with collaborative operations with large industrial robots. Based on this case study, a layout of the collaborative workstation, in terms of workspaces and tasks, which is the outcome of a risk assessment program will be presented. The first critical step in risk assessment is hazard identification, which can allow the risk assessing team to evaluate the hazards and suggest measures to mitigate the risks. Therefore, the hazards identified during the risk assessment program will also be detailed along with measures to mitigate the risks and is expected to complement our understanding of the nature of hazards associated with collaborative operations with large industrial robots. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
|
|
| 45. |
- Gopinath, Varun, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
Demonstrators to support research in Industrial safety - A Methodology
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 2351-9789. ; 17, s. 246-253
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Activities to support manufacturing research are carried out with the intention to gain knowledge of industrial problems and provide solutions that addresses these issues. In order for solution to be viable to the industry, research activities are carried out in close collaboration with participants from the industry, academia and research institutions. Interactive research approach motivates participants with multi-disciplinary perspective to collaborate and emphasizes joint learning in the change process. This article, presents a methodology, where participants with different expertise can collaborate to develop safety solutions. The concept of a demonstrator, which represents cumulative result of a series of research activities, is presented as a tool to showcase functioning and design intent in a collaborative research environment. The results of a pilot study, where manufacturing professionals evaluated design decisions that resulted in a demonstrator, will be presented. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
|
|
| 46. |
- Gopinath, Varun, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
Safety-Focussed Design of Collaborative Assembly Station with Large Industrial Robots
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 503-510
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The perceived benefits of large industrial robots for collaborative operations are characteristics such as long reach with heavy load carrying capability. Collaborative operations refers to situations where operators and robots share a workspace to complete tasks in close proximity. This mode of operation coupled with the physical characteristics of large robots represents high risks to injury and for these reasons, the safeguarding of the workspaces needs to be achieved in conjunction with the tasks to be performed within the workstation. This article will detail two workstations that was developed in a laboratory environment and are partial results of a research project titled ToMM2, whose aim was to understand safety issues associated with collaborative operations with large robots.
|
|
| 47. |
- Grahn, Sten, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring a Model for Production System Design to Utilize Large Robots in Human-Robot Collaborative Assembly Cells
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 612-619
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been shown that large robots can be safely installed for human-robot collaborative assembly cells in experimental setups. It has also been found that these installations require demanding considerations of a significant number of layout and safety parameters. This indicates that successful commercial implementations will require a resource efficient model for production system design that anticipates utilization of large robots in collaborative settings. Experiences from experimental setups have been used to explore a basic model for such production system design, to stimulate a discussion regarding what model characteristics should be tested and validated in future research.
|
|
| 48. |
- Gröhn, Laura, et al.
(författare)
-
Manufacturing System Upgrade with Wireless and Distributed Automation
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 11, s. 1012-1018
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a case study of developing a distributed factory automation system model upgrade with decentralized control deployed on a network of six programmable automation controllers communicating wirelessly. The goal is to develop a distributed system which is flexible enough, and easier to reconfigure with on-the-fly online software updates in a smart factory automation environment. Our approach benefits mainly production industries which require a robust and modular software design requiring less effort for their production line. The developed solution aims at flexibility, re-configurability, ease of maintenance and reduced downtime costs.
|
|
| 49. |
- Gutnichenko, Oleksandr, et al.
(författare)
-
Influence of GnP additive to vegetable oil on machining performance when MQL-assisted turning Alloy 718
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 330-337
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study demonstrates through experiment the effect of solid lubricant assisted minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) on the machining performance when turning Alloy 718 with cemented carbide tools. A powder of nanosized (~30 nm) graphite nanoplatelets (GnP) was dispersed (0.2% vol.) in a vegetable oil-based lubricant “ECOLUBRIC E200L” and used in MQL-assisted machining. The effect of cutting conditions on the machining performance parameters such as forces, tool wear, surface finish, and vibrations generated was studied. Results demonstrate a significant improvement of the machining performance when MQL-assisted turning of Alloy 718 with GnP-modified oil in terms of tool life, surface finish and process stability.
|
|
| 50. |
- Haage, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
-
Teaching Assembly by Demonstration using Advanced Human Robot Interaction and a Knowledge Integration Framework
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 11, s. 164-173
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conventional industrial robots are heavily dependent on hard automation that requires pre-specified fixtures and time-consuming (re)programming performed by experienced operators. In this work, teaching by human-only demonstration is used for reducing required time and expertise to setup a robotized assembly station. This is achieved by the proposed framework enhancing the robotic system with advanced perception and cognitive abilities, accessed through a user-friendly Human Robot Interaction interface. The approach is evaluated on a small parts’ assembly use case deployed onto a collaborative industrial robot testbed. Experiments indicate that the proposed approach allows inexperienced users to efficiently teach robots new assembly tasks.
|
|
