| 1. |
- Abrahamsson, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Can the presence of specialized addiction staff in primary health care increase the number of alcohol-related medical consultations – A controlled intervention study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - 2352-8532. ; 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Few individuals with alcohol use disorders receive treatment. Primary care has been suggested as an arena for early treatment for these disorders. Aim: To evaluate whether the presence of a specialized addiction nurse can increase alcohol-related physician consultations in a primary care setting. Method: This controlled intervention study included one intervention and one control primary care unit in Malmö, Sweden. At the intervention unit, an addiction nurse experienced in alcohol use disorder treatment was present 20 h weekly for 12 months. At both units, an educational lecture on alcohol use disorders was given at study start. The outcome was physicians’ monthly number of alcohol-related diagnostic codes. Data were compared between intervention and control units using Poisson Regression. Eight statistical models were analyzed and Akaike information criterion was used to select the final model. Results: The intervention was significantly associated with an increased number of registered alcohol-related diagnostic codes (risk ratio 1.33, 95 confidence interval 1.08–1.62). However, in sensitivity analyses, such a slope effect was more uncertain and no step effect was seen. A significant association was seen between the educational lecture and an increase in the number of registered alcohol-related codes at the sites (risk ratio 2.47, 1.37–4.46). Conclusion: The presence of specialized addiction staff in a primary healthcare setting might increase the number of alcohol-related physician consultations in primary care, although more research is needed. An educational lecture about alcohol use disorders could be a simple but effective intervention to increase alcohol-related physician consultations in primary care.
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| 2. |
- Almér Herrnsdorf, Eleonora, et al.
(författare)
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Tramadol misuse in treatment-seeking adolescents and young adults with problematic substance use – Prediction of treatment retention
- 2022
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-medical prescription use of opioids (NMPUO) is a public health concern worldwide. Recently, tramadol misuse is increasing, but the systematic research of misuse of this specific opioid is limited. This study set out to assess the relationship between tramadol use and completion of treatment for substance use among adolescents and adults ≤ 25 years in an outpatient clinical setting. A retrospective cohort study of treatment outcome, expressed as “completion” or “non-completion” of treatment, was conducted in treatment-seeking adolescents with problematic substance use (n = 335). Data was extracted from Ung-DOK interviews, a semi-structured assessment instrument designed for adolescents with substance abuse. The study included all treatment-seeking patients at an out-patient facility in 2014–2017. A total of 26% (n = 88) were tramadol users (life-time prevalence). Twenty percent (n = 66) of all treatments were non-completed. Tramadol users were significantly more likely than non-users to drop out of treatment (35% vs 15%, p < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression, tramadol use and age 18 and above were factors significantly associated with non-completion. Tramadol use was statistically significantly associated with non-completion of treatment. Further research addressing treatment needs and treatment completion among tramadol users is needed.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Claes
(författare)
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Personalized normative feedback interventions targeting hazardous alcohol use and alcohol-related risky sexual behavior in Swedish university students : A randomized controlled replication trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier. - 2352-8532. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: This study replicates two US intervention studies using personalized normative feedback (PNF) on alcohol-related risky sexual behavior (RSB).Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, 654 Swedish university students were assigned to an alcohol only intervention, an alcohol-related RSB only intervention, a combined alcohol and alcohol-related RSB intervention, an integrated alcohol and alcohol-related RSB intervention, or control. Follow-up assessments were made at 3 and 6 months post-intervention.Results: In comparison to controls, drinks per week were reduced at 3 months in the Alcohol Only, Combined, and Integrated intervention groups. Frequency and quantity of drinking before sex were reduced at 3- and 6-month follow-up for the Sex Only, Combined, and Integrated intervention groups. The Alcohol Only intervention showed significant results on frequency of drinking before sex at 3 months, and on quantity of drinking before sex at 6 months. The Combined intervention had reduced outcomes on alcohol-related consequences and on alcohol-related sexual consequences at both follow-ups. Alcohol Only and Integrated interventions showed effects on both outcomes regarding consequences at 6 months, and the Sex Only group showed effects on sexual consequences at 6 months.Conclusions: It is concluded that PNF interventions offer considerable positive effects, and could be used to reduce alcohol-related RSB in Swedish university students.
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| 4. |
- André, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Gaming addiction, problematic gaming and engaged gaming – Prevalence and associated characteristics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Gaming disorder was included in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD 11) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) included Internet Gaming Disorder as a tentative diagnosis. Most scholars agree upon the potential risk for pathological use of video games. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of engaged gamers, problem gamers and addicted gamers. The secondary aim was to describe these groups in terms of gender, age, social satisfaction, psychological wellbeing and hours spent chatting on internet/social media. Methods: We used survey-based data for this population-based research. The data was collected online in two different settings in 2017. In total 2075 participants were included. Results: 4.5 percent met the criteria for highly engaged gaming, 5.3 percent were shown to be problem gamers and 1.2 percent met the cut off for game addiction. Young age, hours chatting on internet/social media, experiencing loneliness and considering seeking treatment for psychological distress were associated with both engaged, problematic and addictive gaming. Male gender was associated to problematic and addictive gaming. Hours spent chatting showed a greater correlation to problem/addictive gaming than to engaged gaming. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that both highly engaged gamers, problem gamers and addicted gamers all experience loneliness and psychological distress to a greater extent than the remaining study participants. This adds to the knowledge of prevalence and features of gaming disorder. Additionally, preferably longitudinal research is needed in order to understand causality.
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| 5. |
- Claréus, Benjamin, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of a Swedish version of the short UPPS-P impulsive behavior scale among young adults
- 2017
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 6, s. 118-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- he UPPS-P model of impulsivity proposes that impulsivity comprises five distinct facets—negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking. The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale has been used to measure these facets. The purpose of the current study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the 20-item UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (SUPPS-P). The sample comprised 343 Swedish young adults (Mage = 24.21, SD = 2.01; 27% men, 2% other or undisclosed gender identity) who answered a questionnaire including the SUPPS-P; Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21); and questions regarding their alcohol consumption and substance use. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a 5-factor, inter-correlated model, where each subscale of the SUPPS-P constitutes one latent variable. The convergent validity was established by replicating previously found correlations between the different impulsivity facets and depression, anxiety, frequency of alcohol consumption, and substance use. The internal consistency was acceptable for all the SUPPS-P subscales (Cronbach's α = 0.65–0.78, McDonald's ω = 0.65–0.79), except lack of perseverance (Cronbach's α = 0.60, McDonald's ω = 0.61). Thus, while the Swedish version of the SUPPS-P is suitable for assessing impulsivity in Swedish young adult samples, further research is needed to improve the psychometric properties of the lack of perseverance subscale.
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| 6. |
- Fazeli, S., et al.
(författare)
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Depression, anxiety, and stress mediate the associations between internet gaming disorder, insomnia, and quality of life during the COVID-19 outbreak
- 2020
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier. - 2352-8532. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: For many individuals, the COVID-19 outbreak has increased their psychological distress, changed their behaviors, and impacted their health. With more time spent indoors, many individuals have engaged in increased videogame playing. However, the associations between such behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak period is unclear. Objective: The present study examined the mediating role of psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) in the association between internet gaming disorder (IGD) and two health outcomes (insomnia quality of life) among adolescents during this COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising adolescents (N = 1512) aged 13–18 years (mean age = 15.51 years) was utilized to assess measures on insomnia, depression, anxiety, and stress, IGD, and quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: There were small to large significant relationships between the variables. Psychological distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) served as a strong mediator in the association between IGD and insomnia and quality of life. IGD directly influenced insomnia and quality of life among the participants. Conclusions: IGD is associated with different psychosocial outcomes comprising multiple pathways. Parents need to pay special attention to how much time and how frequently their children play videogames. Parents may need to assist their children in coping with psychological distress during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic period.
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| 7. |
- Forsström, David, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring loot box consumption and negative consequences : Psychometric investigation of a Swedish version of the Risky Loot Box Index
- 2022
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Loot boxes are products in videogames that is earned by playing a video game or by buying them. Loot boxes has similar mechanisms as a lottery and there is an ongoing debate if loot boxes are gambling. However, to understand the potential harm of loot boxes valid instruments are needed. An English study psychometrically evaluated an instrument focused on risky loot box use called the Risky Loot Box Index. The study evaluated 12 item scale and based on a factor analysis it was reduced to a five-item scale. The aim of our study is to evaluate a Swedish version of the 12-item instrument from a psychometric perspective. Two samples recruited via an online survey were used. The first sample was recruited from the gambling site Unibet. A mail with an invitation to participate was sent to esports bettors and sport bettors at the gambling site. The second sample was recruited from a Facebook forum focused on e-sports. An invitation was posted on the forum to partake in the study. A total of 195 of respondents (96% men and 4% women) with a mean age of 33.76 (SD = 12.34) answered the Unibet survey and 169 respondents (96% men and 4% women and non-binary) with a mean age of 23.89 (SD = 5.52) answered the Facebook survey. An exploratory factor analysis yielded a two-factor seven item solution. The factors were overconsumption regarding time spent on loot boxes and the other factor was focused on overconsumption of loot boxes in terms of spending money. The confirmatory factor analysis conducted in the Facebook sample validated the result from the exploratory factor analysis. The conclusion of the study is that the Swedish version of the Risky Loot Index has good psychometric properties and can used to measure risky loot box consumption.
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| 8. |
- Holmstedt, A., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical characteristics distinguishing tramadol-using adolescents from other substance-using adolescents in an out-patient treatment setting
- 2020
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Non-medical Prescription Opioid Use (NMPOU) has increased worldwide during the last decades, and specifically, tramadol misuse may represent a novel pattern of substance use among adolescents. The present study aims to analyze characteristics distinguishing tramadol-using adolescents from other substance-using adolescents seeking out-patient treatment. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of treatment-seeking patients between 13 and 24 years of age in an out-patient facility for substance use problems in Malmö, Sweden. A total of 526 treatment-seeking adolescents at an out-patient treatment center were included. Data on substance use, treatment history and socio-demographic variables were extracted through a semi-structured interview method aimed specifically for adolescents with alcohol or drug problems (Ung-DOK). Lifetime tramadol users were compared to non-users, and also, primary tramadol users were compared to remaining subjects. Results: Thirty-one percent (n = 162) were tramadol users (lifetime prevalence). In logistic regression, the tramadol group showed a significantly increased risk of tobacco use, problematic lifetime cocaine, benzodiazepine and amphetamine use, and were more likely to report contacts with the judicial system, and less likely to report contacts with child or adult psychiatry, and more likely to have parents born outside the Scandinavian countries. In logistic regression, primary tramadol use was negatively associated with frequent cannabis use. Conclusions: Tramadol use appears to be a novel pattern among treatment-seeking adolescents. They showed a significantly increased risk of initiation of other illicit drugs and criminal behaviour, despite less contact with psychiatric care. More attention may be needed to this relatively novel pattern of opioid use.
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| 9. |
- Håkansson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Gambling habits, gambling norms, and problem gambling in foreign born and native populations in Denmark — A general population survey
- 2019
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Being foreign born, i.e. not born in the reception country or belonging to an ethnic minority, has been described as a risk factor of problem gambling, although research so far has been inconclusive. Also, there is limited knowledge about whether this association is caused by differing gambling norms. The present study aimed to study whether foreign origin is associated with problem gambling, when controlling for several potential risk factors, gambling frequency and beliefs about peer gambling, i.e. gambling norms. Methods: Cross-sectional web survey including 1970 adult individuals from the general population in Denmark (50% female), in April 2018. Binary analyses and hierarchical logistic regression with respect to associations between foreign origin, relevant co-factors and problem gambling. Results: Problem gambling was more common in individuals with foreign origin (15 vs 10%, p = 0.01). In logistic regression, problem gambling was associated with male sex, gambling frequency, foreign origin, psychological distress, smoking, and number of gambling types used. Beliefs about peer gambling did not differ with respect to foreign origin, but were associated with problem gambling until one's own gambling frequency was entered into the model. Conclusions: When controlling for a number of relevant risk factors, foreign origin still appears to predict problem gambling. Gambling patterns or gambling norms are unlikely to be the sole explanation of the increased prevalence. The findings have implications for preventive work in the foreign born population, and gambling norms may be targeted in screening for at-risk gamblers.
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| 10. |
- Håkansson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Problem gambling and gaming in elite athletes.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 8, s. 79-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: High-level sports have been described as a risk situation for mental health problems and substance misuse. This, however, has been sparsely studied for problem gambling, and it is unknown whether problem gaming, corresponding to the tentative diagnosis of internet gaming disorder, may be overrepresented in athletes. This study aimed to study the prevalence and correlates of problem gambling and problem gaming in national team-level athletes.Methods: A web-survey addressing national team-level athletes in university studies (survey participation 60%) was answered by 352 individuals (60% women, mean age 23.7), assessing mental health problems, including lifetime history of problem gambling (NODS-CLiP) and problem gaming (GASA).Results: Lifetime prevalence of problem gambling was 7% (14% in males, 1% in females, p < 0.001), with no difference between team sports and other sports. Lifetime prevalence of problem gaming was 2% (4% in males and 1% in females, p = 0.06). Problem gambling and problem gaming were significantly associated (p = 0.01).Conclusions: Moderately elevated rates of problem gambling were demonstrated, however with large gender differences, and interestingly, with comparable prevalence in team sports and in other sports. Problem gaming did not seem more common than in the general population, but an association between problem gambling and problem gaming was demonstrated.
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| 11. |
- Håkansson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Television gambling advertisements : Extent and content of gambling advertisements with a focus on potential high-risk commercial messages
- 2019
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In problem gambling, recent years have seen an expansion of online gambling in treatment-seeking patients. Television advertising may promote risky gambling, and this study aimed to assess gambling-related advertisements, with respect to potentially risky messages, in a country with high rates of online gambling among treatment seekers, for online casino particularly in treatment-seeking women. Methods: A total of 144 h in six commercial television channels were studied with respect to frequency, extent and content of gambling-related advertisements, which were analyzed with respect to potentially risky messages and specific target groups, and compared with respect to legal status of gambling companies and for online casino gambling vs other gambling types. Aspects to analyze were elected theoretically and based on acceptable inter-rater agreement between the authors. Results: Nineteen percent (11–28% across different channels) of advertisements promoted gambling, with online casino being by far the most common type of gambling exposed. Messages promoting ease to gamble (including bonuses and rapid cash-out messages) and a female focus were significantly more common in online casino gambling and in non-licensed companies, whereas sports-related messages were more common in licensed companies. Gambling-related advertisements were also common in relation to family movies, and appeared even during children's programs. Conclusions: Online casino was by far the most common type of televised gambling advertisements. Several risky messages were identified, and female gender, as well as messages promoting the rapidity and facility of gambling, were more commonly addressed by online casino companies. Public health aspects are discussed.
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| 12. |
- Ivanova, Ekaterina, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of responsible gambling tools among non-problem gamblers : A survey of active customers of an online gambling platform
- 2019
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Responsible gambling (RG) tools, aiming at helping gamblers to avoid gambling-related harms, are common in online gambling platforms. Gambling industry, policy makers, and researchers have warned that RG tools can potentially disturb recreational gamblers, channeling them to less protective operators. No evidence exists to support these concerns, and they can hinder the development of effective RG tools. The current study aimed to investigate the recreational gamblers' experiences of RG tools.Methods: A total of 10,200 active customers of an online gambling service were invited to complete an online survey and rate their overall reactions, attitudes, disturbance and irritation towards RG tools, as well as their inclination to abandon a gambling service due to overexposure to RG tools. N = 1223 surveys were completed.Results: Non-problem gamblers had positive experiences of RG tools. Moderate-risk gamblers had more positive overall reaction and less irritation to previous experiences of RG tools compared to non-problem gamblers. Problem gamblers had least positive attitudes, most disturbance and most irritation towards RG pictures. Non-problem gamblers had lowest rates of having abandoned a service because of perceived overexposure to RG tools (5.2% compared to 25.9% of problem gamblers), with a significant between-group difference (OR [95%CI] = 7.17 [3.61–14.23], p < .001).Conclusions: Non-problem gamblers were not particularly disturbed by RG tools and were not at risk of abandoning online gambling services because of overexposure to RG tools. The study found no grounds for limiting the design and implementation of RG tools due to fears of disturbing recreational gamblers.
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| 13. |
- Kaltenegger, Helena C., et al.
(författare)
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Impulsivity, risk gambling, and heavy episodic drinking among adolescents : A moderator analysis of psychological health
- 2019
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionAdolescence is associated with an increased inclination for risk behaviors, like gambling and heavy episodic drinking (HED). While impulsivity is a well-documented risk factor, the purpose of this study is to explore if there are variables modulating this association. The study examined the effects of impulsivity and psychological health on risk gambling and HED, and whether psychological health functions as a moderator, i.e., protective factor.MethodsData was extracted from the Stockholm School Survey, collected in 2014 and 2016 among students in the ninth grade of primary school (15–16 years) and second grade of upper secondary school (17–18 years) in Stockholm (n = 21,886). Impulsivity, psychological problems, risk gambling, HED, and a number of sociodemographic control variables were measured using self-report data. The statistical method was binary logistic regression.ResultsResults showed that risk gambling (3.4%) and HED (22.8%) were prevalent among Swedish pupils. Impulsivity and—to a weaker extent—psychological problems as well as several sociodemographic variables were risk factors for risk gambling and HED. Furthermore, psychological problems negatively moderated the association between impulsivity and HED among girls.ConclusionsThis study supports evidence that impulsivity represents a risk factor for risk behaviors, and—contrary to the a priori hypothesis—indicates that the association between impulsivity and HED in female students might be attenuated by the presence of psychological problems. Prevention measures should particularly address adolescents exhibiting the mentioned risk factors and aim at reducing psychological problems, but not necessarily target the adolescents showing impulsivity and psychological problems simultaneously.
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| 14. |
- Lin, Chung-Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Internet gaming disorder, psychological distress, and insomnia in adolescent students and their siblings : An actor-partner interdependence model approach
- 2021
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier. - 2352-8532. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Associations between internet gaming disorder (IGD), psychological distress, and sleep have been reported. However, little is known whether such associations exist across siblings; that is, whether adolescents’ IGD symptomatology may impact their siblings’ psychological distress and sleep. This study aimed to examine whether siblings' IGD symptoms may relate to depressive, anxiety symptoms or sleep quality among each other.Methods: Using a cross-sectional design with two-stage cluster sampling, 320 dyads of adolescent students and their siblings participated in the study. Each dyad completed the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS-SF9), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) was applied to examine relationships between IGD, psychological well-being, and insomnia severity in the dyadic data.Results: Actor effects of IGDS-SF9 scores on depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia severity were significant in both adolescents (e.g., adolescents’ IGDS-SF9 scores on their depression scores) and their siblings (e.g., IGDS-SF9 scores of adolescents’ siblings’ scores on their depression scores). Partner effects of IGDS-SF9 scores on depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia severity were significant in both adolescents (e.g., adolescents’ IGDS-SF9 scores on their siblings’ depression scores) and their siblings (e.g., IGDS-SF9 scores of adolescents’ siblings on adolescents’ depression scores).Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that adolescent students and their siblings had mutual impacts of IGD on psychological health and sleep. Thus, healthcare providers may consider involving siblings when they design programs reducing IGD-related problems or improving psychological health and sleep for adolescents.
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| 15. |
- Lindström, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Daily tobacco smoking, heavy alcohol use, and hashish use among adolescents in southern Sweden : A population-based multilevel study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 2, s. 6-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate school contextual effects on daily tobacco smoking, heavy alcohol use and hashish use among adolescents, using multilevel analyses adjusting for individual-level factors. Methods: The 2012 public health survey among adolescents in Skåne includes pupils in ninth grade in primary school (predominantly 15-16. years old) and second grade in secondary school (gymnasium) (predominantly 17-18. years old). Multilevel logistic regressions were performed. Results: The prevalence of all three behaviors was higher in the second grade in the gymnasium. Several sociodemographic, psychosocial and parental factors were associated with these behaviors. In the ninth grade, variance partition coefficients (VPCs) for tobacco smoking decreased from 10.2% in the empty model to 1.9% in the fully adjusted model, for heavy alcohol use from 6.5% to 6.3%, while VPCs for hashish increased from 9.9% to 11.0%. In the second grade, VPCs for daily tobacco smoking decreased from 13.6% in the empty model to 6.5% in the fully adjusted model, VPCs for heavy alcohol use decreased from 4.6% to 1.7%, and VPCs for hashish use increased from 7.3% to 8.3%. Conclusions: Daily tobacco smoking (in both grades) and heavy alcohol use in the second grade in the gymnasium may be preventable by actions directed against individual-level protective factors including social capital, social support and peer/parent behavior and attitude, while interventions directed at school contexts may be more important for alcohol use in the ninth grade and hashish use in both grades.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Sundqvist, Kristina, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The association between at-risk gambling and binge drinking in the general Swedish population
- 2015
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8532. ; 2, s. 49-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the association between problem gambling and alcohol use disorders has been studied previously, little is known about the association between risk gambling and risk drinking. This study aimed at examining the association between at-risk gambling and binge drinking in the general Swedish population and to test whether this association remained after controlling for demographic factors. The data was part of a larger ongoing survey in the general Swedish population. Respondents (N = 19 530) were recruited through random digit dialing and interviewed about their alcohol habits (binge drinking), at-risk gambling (the Lie/Bet questionnaire) and demographics (gender, age, education, residence size, marital status, labor market status, country of origin and smoking). There was an association between lifetime at-risk gambling and current (12 months) weekly binge drinking for both men (OR = 1.73; CI 95%: 1.27–2.35) and women (OR = 2.27; CI 95%: 1.05–4.90). After controlling for demographics this association no longer remained significant (OR = 1.38; CI 95%; .99–1.90 for men and OR = 1.99; CI 95%: .94–4.66 for women). Age and smoking had the largest impact on this association. At-risk gambling and binge drinking are associated behaviors. However, it seems as if this association may be confounded by demographic variables. We hypothesize that similarities in personality profiles and health aspects could account for an additional part of the association.
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| 18. |
- Syed, Numan Raza, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived parental alcohol problems and psychosomatic complaints among adolescents in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - 2352-8532.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionFor adolescents, parental problem drinking can be regarded as a chronic stressor, negatively affecting their health. There is limited knowledge and a relative lack of empirical evidence on this topic, especially in Sweden. The aim of the current study was to examine perceived parental alcohol problems and the links with psychosomatic complaints among adolescents in Sweden.MethodsData were obtained from the Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs’ national survey of 2021, collected amongst 9,032 students in grades 9 (∼15–16 years) and 11 (∼17–18 years). Perceived parental alcohol problems were measured by the Children of Alcoholics Screening Test (CAST-6) scale, using a cutoff at ≥ 3. Psychosomatic complaints were captured by a binary measure based on the frequency of headache, stomach ache, feeling depressed or down, difficulties to fall asleep, and sleeping poorly at night. Sociodemographic characteristics included gender, grade, parental education, and parental country of birth. Descriptive analyses with chi2 tests and binary logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsAdolescents with perceived parental alcohol problems had higher odds of reporting psychosomatic complaints compared with adolescents without perceived parental drinking problems, even when adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Girls, grade 11 students, adolescent with at least one parent born in Sweden, and those without university-educated parents were more likely to report parental alcohol problems.ConclusionsThe findings highlight adolescents with perceived parental alcohol problems need support. The school, being an arena where adolescents spend much of their time, may play a vital role in this regard.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Wahlström, Joakim, 1994-, et al.
(författare)
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Poor school performance and gambling among adolescents : Can the association be moderated by conditions in school?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - 2352-8532. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Protective factors of adolescent gambling at the school level and their buffering potential are scarcely explored in prior research. This study aims to examine the protective possibility of low student–teacher ratio on youth gambling, both directly and by moderating the effect of low school performance. Methods: Data were derived from the 2016 Stockholm school survey, collected among 5,221 grade 11 students (~17–18 years) in 46 schools, with information on schools’ composition and student–teacher ratio obtained through registers. Gambling and risk gambling were coded as binary variables. School performance was captured by self-reported marks in three core subjects, dichotomised into average/above average and below average, respectively. Student-teacher ratio was used both as a continuous and trichotomised variable. Two-level binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: A below average school performance was associated with gambling and risk gambling but the association with gambling was only statistically significant at the 10%-level in the fully adjusted model. Student-teacher ratio was not directly associated with gambling and risk gambling but moderated the associations between school performance and both gambling and risk gambling, as these relationships were less pronounced in schools with a low student–teacher ratio. Conclusions: In sum, a low student–teacher ratio may protect students from gambling and risk gambling by buffering against the adverse effects of other risk factors, such as poor school performance. These findings suggest that a higher teacher density in upper secondary schools can be beneficial beyond school matters by positively influencing student behaviour outside of school.
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| 21. |
- Workie, Hiwot Mezgebe, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived parental alcohol problems and drinking patterns among adolescents in Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - 2352-8532. ; 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: For adolescents, parental problem drinking can be regarded as a chronic stressor, negatively affecting their health. There is limited knowledge and a relative lack of empirical evidence on this topic, especially in Sweden. The aim of the current study was to examine perceived parental alcohol problems and the links with psychosomatic complaints among adolescents in Sweden. Methods: Data were obtained from the Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs’ national survey of 2021, collected amongst 9,032 students in grades 9 (~15–16 years) and 11 (~17–18 years). Perceived parental alcohol problems were measured by the Children of Alcoholics Screening Test (CAST-6) scale, using a cutoff at ≥ 3. Psychosomatic complaints were captured by a binary measure based on the frequency of headache, stomach ache, feeling depressed or down, difficulties to fall asleep, and sleeping poorly at night. Sociodemographic characteristics included gender, grade, parental education, and parental country of birth. Descriptive analyses with chi2 tests and binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Adolescents with perceived parental alcohol problems had higher odds of reporting psychosomatic complaints compared with adolescents without perceived parental drinking problems, even when adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Girls, grade 11 students, adolescent with at least one parent born in Sweden, and those without university-educated parents were more likely to report parental alcohol problems. Conclusions: The findings highlight adolescents with perceived parental alcohol problems need support. The school, being an arena where adolescents spend much of their time, may play a vital role in this regard.
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| 22. |
- Åhman, A., et al.
(författare)
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Mortality, morbidity, and predictors of death among amphetamine-type stimulant users − a longitudinal, nationwide register study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Addictive Behaviors Reports. - 2352-8532. ; 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Use of amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) contributes substantially to the global burden of disease. Large-scale follow-up studies of morbidity and mortality in ATS users are few. This study analysed morbidity, mortality, and potential predictors of all-cause mortality in a nationwide cohort of patients with ATS use disorder. Methods: Data was acquired from national Swedish registers. All Swedish residents 18 years or older, with a registered ATS use diagnosis in 2013–2014 were included (N = 5,018) and followed until December 31, 2017. Comorbid diagnoses and causes of death were assessed and potential predictors of all-cause mortality were examined through Cox regression. Results: Median age at inclusion was 36.6 years (interquartile range 27.4–––48.1) and 70.5 % were men. The crude mortality rate was 24.6 per 1,000 person-years. The adjusted all-cause standardized mortality ratio was 12.4 (95 % CI [11.34–13.55]). The most common cause of death was overdose (28.9 %). Multiple drug use (hazard ratio 1.39, 95 % CI [1.14–1.70], p = 0.004), anxiety (hazard ratio 1.39, 95 % CI [1.11–1.72], p = 0.014), viral hepatitis (hazard ratio 1.85, 95 % CI [1.50–2.29], p = 0.004), and liver disease (hazard ratio 2.41, 95 % CI [1.55–3.74], p = 0.004) were predictors of all-cause mortality. Conclusions: Multiple drug use, anxiety disorders, viral hepatitis and liver diseases were identified as risk factors for death. Our findings call for better screening, prevention, and treatment of somatic and psychiatric comorbidity among ATS users to reduce mortality.
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