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- Bhattacharya, Manojit, et al.
(författare)
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ChatGPT's scorecard after the performance in a series of tests conducted at the multi-country level : A pattern of responses of generative artificial intelligence or large language models
- 2024
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Ingår i: Current Research in Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-2628. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, researchers have shown concern about the ChatGPT-derived answers. Here, we conducted a series of tests using ChatGPT by individual researcher at multi-country level to understand the pattern of its answer accuracy, reproducibility, answer length, plagiarism, and in-depth using two questionnaires (the first set with 15 MCQs and the second 15 KBQ). Among 15 MCQ-generated answers, 13 +/- 70 were correct (Median : 82.5; Coefficient variance : 4.85), 3 +/- 0.77 were incorrect (Median: 3, Coefficient variance: 25.81), and 1 to 10 were reproducible, and 11 to 15 were not. Among 15 KBQ, the length of each question (in words) is about 294.5 +/- 97.60 (mean range varies from 138.7 to 438.09), and the mean similarity index (in words) is about 29.53 +/- 11.40 (Coefficient variance: 38.62) for each question. The statistical models were also developed using analyzed parameters of answers. The study shows a pattern of ChatGPT-derive answers with correctness and incorrectness and urges for an error-free, next-generation LLM to avoid users' misguidance.
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| 2. |
- Perrin, Natacha, et al.
(författare)
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Biocompatible fibers from fungal and shrimp chitosans for suture application
- 2022
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Ingår i: Current Research in Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-2628. ; 4, s. 530-536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purified fungal chitosan and crustacean chitosan were wet spun by using adipic and lactic acids as solvent. The lowest viscosity at which fiber formation was possible was 0.5 Pa·s; below this value, aggregates from low molecular weight fungal chitosan (32 kDa) formed, which could not be collected and dried. Fiber formation was achieved with high molecular weight fungal (400 kDa) and shrimp (406.7 kDa) chitosans as well as low molecular weight shrimp chitosan (50–190 kDa). Fibers made of high molecular weight chitosans with adipic acid as the solvent generally exhibited higher tensile strength; the highest observed tensile strength and Young’s modulus were 308.0 ± 18.4 MPa and 22.7 ± 4.0 GPa, respectively. SEM images indicated the formation of cylindrical chitosan fibers. The survival (viability) of human skin fibroblasts in presence of different fibers was measured using tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay and results confirmed that chitosan fibers have better biocompatibility than common conventional sutures, regardless of the chitosan and acid type. Accordingly, chitosan fibers from fungal and shrimp sources serve as good candidates for application as sutures.
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| 3. |
- Zher Neoh, Soon, et al.
(författare)
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Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase (PhaC) : The key enzyme for biopolyester synthesis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Current Research in Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-2628. ; 4, s. 87-101
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are considered good candidates in replacing commercial petrochemical plastics in certain applications like single-use packaging since they are biodegradable, biocompatible and share similar properties with conventional plastics. PHA synthase (PhaC) is the key enzyme in PHA biosynthesis. There are four classes of PhaC, namely, class I, class II, class III and class IV, each with their distinct characteristics. To date, there are two PhaCs with successfully solved catalytic domain structures. They are PhaC from C. necator (PhaCCn-CAT) (Ser201–Ala589) and PhaC from Chromobacterium sp. USM2 (PhaCCs-CAT) (Phe175–Asn567). Generally, the structure of PhaC consists of an N-terminal domain and a C-terminal catalytic domain. The N-terminal domain is flexible and has not been successfully visualized in any existing structures of PhaC. It is suggested to affect the dimerization and stability of the PhaC dimer, enzymatic activity, substrate specificity, molecular weight of PHA produced, expression of PhaC, and its ability to bind to PHA granules and PHA-related proteins. The C-terminal catalytic domain contains the cap subdomain, substrate entrance channel, active site, and product egress tunnel.
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