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- Jiang, Bing-Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Fabrication and bonding of In bumps on Micro-LED with 8 μ m pixel pitch
- 2024
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Ingår i: ENGINEERING RESEARCH EXPRESS. - 2631-8695. ; 6:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Indium (In) is currently used to fabricate metal bumps on micro-light-emitting diode (Micro-LED) chips due to its excellent physical properties. However, as Micro-LED pixel size and pitch decrease, achieving high-quality In bumps on densely packed Micro-LED chips often presents more challenges. This paper describes the process of fabricating In bumps on micro-LEDs using thermal evaporation, highlighting an issue where In tends to grow laterally within the photoresist pattern, ultimately blocking the pattern and resulting in undersized and poorly dense In bumps on the Micro-LED chip. To address this issue, we conducted numerous experiments to study the height variation of In bumps within a range of photoresist aperture sizes (3 mu m -7 mu m) under two different resist thickness conditions (3.8 mu m and 4.8 mu m). The results showed that the resist thickness had a certain effect on the height of In bumps on the Micro-LED chip electrodes. Moreover, we found that, with the photoresist pattern size increasing under constant resist thickness conditions, the height and quality of the bumps significantly improved. Based on this finding, we rationalized the adjustment of the photoresist pattern size within a limited emission platform range to compensate for the height difference of In bumps caused by different resist thicknesses between the cathode and anode regions. Consequently, well-shaped and dense In bumps with a maximum height of up to 4.4 mu m were fabricated on 8 mu m pitch Micro-LED chips. Afterwards, we bonded the Micro-LED chip with indium bumps to the CMOS chip, and we found that we could successfully control the CMOS chip to drive the Micro-LED chip to display specific characters through the Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC). This work is of significant importance for the fabrication of In bumps on Micro-LED chips with pitches below 10 mu m and subsequent bonding processes.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Sjödahl, Mikael, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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In-line quality control utilizing close-range photogrammetry and a CAD-model
- 2021
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Ingår i: Engineering Research Express. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 2631-8695. ; 3:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an overview of a measurement system that is designed for in-line shape inspection of metal sheet components in real-time utilizing pre-calibrated close-range photogrammetry and a CAD-model. The system is currently designed to measure parts thrown out on a conveyor belt that moves at about 1 m s−1 at a frequency of 0.5 Hz or less without fixturing. Detected features on the components in the camera images are used to align the CAD-model, describing the nominal shape, to the images from which required deviations are computed using photogrammetry. The measurement volume of the current system is 500 × 800 × 200 mm3 and absolute measurements are performed with an accuracy in the order of 0.1 mm. The in-line functionalities of the system have been verified at several real production sites in Sweden. In this paper, the basic components of the system are described together with a few results from real tests.
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| 5. |
- Todisco, Marzio, et al.
(författare)
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On the role of keratinised mucosa at dental implants: a 5-year prospective single-cohort study.
- 2019
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Ingår i: International journal of oral implantology (New Malden, London, England). - 2631-6439. ; 12:1, s. 13-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of keratinised mucosa on the long-term success of dental implants.Thirty-two edentulous patients had one of their dental arches rehabilitated with a provisional screw-retained resin reinforced cross-arch fixed prosthesis supported by four immediately loaded implants. The two central straight implants were randomly allocated in two equal groups, according to a parallel-group design, to receive or not intermediate abutments (Multi-Unit Abutment, MUA). However, for the purpose of the present publication, the study was considered as a prospective single cohort study. To be immediately loaded, implants had to be inserted with a minimum torque of 30 Ncm, which was achieved by all implants. Provisional prostheses were delivered within 24 hours and were replaced, after 4 months, by definitive screw-retained metal-ceramic prostheses. Patients were followed up to 5 years after loading. Prostheses were removed every 8 months to facilitate professionally delivered maintenance. Outcome measures were prosthesis and implant failures, complications, peri-implant marginal bone level (MBL) changes, bleeding on probing (BoP) and keratinised mucosa height (KMH). The absence of vestibular or lingual keratinised mucosa was put in relation with peri-implant bone loss and BoP.Five-years after loading two patients dropped out and no implant or prosthetic failure occurred. Four patients were affected by prosthetic complications. At delivery of definitive prostheses, 32 (25%) implants had at least one vestibular or lingual site with no KMH and 96 (75%) implants had both sites with some KMH. Multi-level models did not show any statistically significant association between KMH at the time of delivery of the definitive prosthesis and changes in MBL and BoP at 5 years (estimate = 0.02; 95% CI: -0.02 to 0.05; P = 0.3393; and 1.02; 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.33; P = 0.8695, respectively). When KMH was analysed as dichotomous variable, implants with presence of KMH at delivery of definitive prosthesis at both vestibular and lingual aspects showed a trend of less BoP (estimate = -0.8; 95% CI: -1.69 to 0.08; P = 0.0741) but a statistically significant greater MBL loss compared to implants where KMH was only present at one site (estimate = 0.18; 95% CI: -0.1 to 0.3; P = 0.0041).The 5-year after loading outcome of immediately loaded screw-retained cross-arch prostheses supported by four implants is excellent in both the maxilla and mandible. Although the height of the keratinised mucosa did not seem to alter the clinical outcomes, its presence both at vestibular and lingual sites was associated with an increased marginal bone loss when compared to implants having at least one side without keratinised mucosa.
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