| 1. |
- ARNEZ WEGELIUS, MARKUS, et al.
(författare)
-
Standardization and Innovation within the Green Buildings field: Insights from Europe
- 2015
-
Ingår i: EURAS proceedings : The Role of Standards in Transatlantic Trade and Regulation - The Role of Standards in Transatlantic Trade and Regulation. - 9783958860353 ; , s. 431-448
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A research project was conducted by the two PhD students Markus Arnez Wegelius and Philip Hedestad from the Standardisation Research Centre, within the Institute of Economic Research at Lund University, Sweden, and with the supervision of Mr. Daniele Gerundino, Strategic Adviser to the Secretary-General (ISO). The project was sponsored by ISO (The International Organization for Standardization), NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) and EURAMET (European Association of National Metrology Institutes). The purpose of the study was to investigate the relation between standardization and innovation within the field of Green Buildings, with a focus on insulation materials and HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning). The research project analysed the activities undertaken by key stakeholders involved, in particular: research and development groups from industry, government agencies and academia, and leading standards experts involved in the field or in closely related areas. The analysis focused on describing existing or potential forms of relations between standardization and innovation, understanding the dynamics, attitudes and perceptions of the concerned parties, considering in detail success stories and failures, and from this information, conclude with recommendations on how to establish and exploit synergies between R&D and standardization. In total, 25 in-depth interviews were undertaken with experts and practitioners within the field.
|
|
| 2. |
- Lundell, Björn, et al.
(författare)
-
On Implementation of Open Standards in Open Source Software : Under What Conditions Can Formal and Open Standards Be Used?
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Proceedings 20th EURAS Annual Standardisation Conference. - : European Academy for Standardisation. - 9783958860353 ; , s. 235-252
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Commission and several European countries have acknowledged the importance of open standards and have taken various initiatives for addressing specific challenges. Formal standards (e.g. from ISO) are often referred to in software development and procurement. However, there is a lack of knowledge concerning use of formal and open standards in national policy and implications for implementation in software. This paper characterises how requirements for open standards have been adopted in national policy, elaborates on conditions for use of formal standards in scenarios when national policy imposes requirements for use of open standards, and elaborates conditions for implementation of specific open and formal standards in open source software. It is shown that not all formal standards are open standards. Specifically, while some formal standards (e.g. the ISO standard for PNG) are also considered open standards according to the definition adopted in national policies for open standards, it is also clear that other formal standards (e.g. the ISO standard for JPEG 2000) are not considered open standards by the same policies. Use of such formal standards creates barriers for implementation in open source software and inhibits an open and inclusive business friendly ecosystem, something which is of particular importance for small companies that are essential players in an innovative and international society.
|
|
