| 1. |
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23rd Nordic Workshop on Bibliometrics and Research Policy 2018 Book of abstracts
- 2018
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Initiated by Professors Olle Persson and Peter Ingwersen, bibliometric researchers in the Nordic countries have arranged annual Nordic workshops on bibliometrics since 1996. The general scope of the Nordic Workshop on Bibliometrics and Research Policy is to present recent bibliometric research in the Nordic countries, to create better linkages between the bibliometric research groups and their PhD students, and to link bibliometric research with research policy.The workshop language is English and the workshop is open to participants from any nation. The 23rd Nordic Workshop on Bibliometrics and Research Policy (NWB’2018) was organized by the Swedish School of Library and Information Science (SSLIS) at University of Borås, Sweden. It was held at University of Borås, on November 7-9th, 2018 with 100 participants.In total, we received 35 submissions. After reviewing the submissions, the program committee decided which papers were to be presented orally and which as poster presentations. 21 papers were accepted as oral presentations. These, as well as the titles of the two invited keynote talks and the abstracts of 9 posters, are presented as abstracts in these proceedings. The posters and oral presentation slides are also available for viewing and peer-feedback at figshare (with citable DOIs):https://doi.orgWe would like to thank all authors for their submissions, the session chairs and the keynote speakers, Fredrik Åström and Merle Jacob, for their contributions to the workshop and the student volunteers, for their diligent efforts during the workshop. Further, we would like to thank the sponsors for their generous financial support, without which the Nordic workshops could not be organised in their current form.The NWB’2017 website is at https://hb.se/nwb2018Follow on twitter as @nwb_2018 and #nwb2018
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Aarnikoivu, Melina, et al.
(författare)
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Another higher education journal - Really?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Praxis in Higher Education. - Boras. - 2003-3605. ; 1:1, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Aasa, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Cost and health outcome of primary percutaneous coronary intervention versus thrombolysis in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction-Results of the Swedish Early Decision reperfusion Study (SWEDES) trial.
- 2010
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Ingår i: American heart journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6744 .- 0002-8703. ; 160:2, s. 322-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In ST-elevation myocardial infarction, primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has a superior clinical outcome, but it may increase costs in comparison to thrombolysis. The aim of the study was to compare costs, clinical outcome, and quality-adjusted survival between primary PCI and thrombolysis. METHODS: Patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction were randomized to primary PCI with adjunctive enoxaparin and abciximab (n = 101), or to enoxaparin followed by reteplase (n = 104). Data on the use of health care resources, work loss, and health-related quality of life were collected during a 1-year period. Cost-effectiveness was determined by comparing costs and quality-adjusted survival. The joint distribution of incremental costs and quality-adjusted survival was analyzed using a nonparametric bootstrap approach. RESULTS: Clinical outcome did not differ significantly between the groups. Compared with the group treated with thrombolysis, the cost of interventions was higher in the PCI-treated group ($4,602 vs $3,807; P = .047), as well as the cost of drugs ($1,309 vs $1,202; P = .001), whereas the cost of hospitalization was lower ($7,344 vs $9,278; P = .025). The cost of investigations, outpatient care, and loss of production did not differ significantly between the 2 treatment arms. Total cost and quality-adjusted survival were $25,315 and 0.759 vs $27,819 and 0.728 (both not significant) for the primary PCI and thrombolysis groups, respectively. Based on the 1-year follow-up, bootstrap analysis revealed that in 80%, 88%, and 89% of the replications, the cost per health outcome gained for PCI will be <$0, $50,000, and $100,000 respectively. CONCLUSION: In a 1-year perspective, there was a tendency toward lower costs and better health outcome after primary PCI, resulting in costs for PCI in comparison to thrombolysis that will be below the conventional threshold for cost-effectiveness in 88% of bootstrap replications.
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| 6. |
- Aasa, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Risk Reduction for Cardiac Events After Primary Coronary Intervention Compared With Thrombolysis for Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (Five-Year Results of the Swedish Early Decision Reperfusion Strategy [SWEDES] Trial).
- 2010
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Ingår i: The American journal of cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1913 .- 0002-9149. ; 106:12, s. 1685-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction compares favorably to thrombolysis. In previous studies the benefit has been restricted to the early postinfarction period with no additional risk decrease beyond this period. Long-term outcome after use of third-generation thrombolytics and modern adjunctive pharmaceutics in the 2 treatment arms has not been investigated. This study was conducted to compare 5-year outcome after updated regimens of PPCI or thrombolysis. Patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction were randomized to enoxaparin and abciximab followed by PPCI (n = 101) or enoxaparin followed by reteplase (n = 104), with prehospital initiation of therapy in 42% of patients. Data on survival and major cardiac events were obtained from Swedish national registries after 5.3 years. PPCI resulted in a better outcome with respect to the composite of death or recurrent myocardial infarction (hazard ratio 0.54, confidence interval 0.31 to 0.95) compared to thrombolysis. This was attributed to a significant decrease in cardiac deaths (hazard ratio 0.16, confidence interval 0.04 to 0.74). The difference evolved continuously over the 5-year follow-up. After adjustment for covariates, a significant benefit remained with respect to cardiac death or recurrent infarction but not for the composite of total survival or recurrent myocardial infarction (p = 0.07). The observed differences were not seen in patients in whom therapy was initiated in the prehospital phase. In conclusion, PPCI in combination with enoxaparin and abciximab compares favorably to thrombolysis in combination with enoxaparin with a risk decrease that stretches beyond the early postinfarction period. Prehospital thrombolysis may, however, match PPCI in long-term outcome.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Abarenkov, Kessy, et al.
(författare)
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Annotating public fungal ITS sequences from the built environment according to the MIxS-Built Environment standard – a report from a May 23-24, 2016 workshop (Gothenburg, Sweden)
- 2016
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Ingår i: MycoKeys. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 1314-4057 .- 1314-4049. ; 16, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent molecular studies have identified substantial fungal diversity in indoor environments. Fungi and fungal particles have been linked to a range of potentially unwanted effects in the built environment, including asthma, decay of building materials, and food spoilage. The study of the built mycobiome is hampered by a number of constraints, one of which is the poor state of the metadata annotation of fungal DNA sequences from the built environment in public databases. In order to enable precise interrogation of such data – for example, “retrieve all fungal sequences recovered from bathrooms” – a workshop was organized at the University of Gothenburg (May 23-24, 2016) to annotate public fungal barcode (ITS) sequences according to the MIxS-Built Environment annotation standard (http://gensc.org/mixs/). The 36 participants assembled a total of 45,488 data points from the published literature, including the addition of 8,430 instances of countries of collection from a total of 83 countries, 5,801 instances of building types, and 3,876 instances of surface-air contaminants. The results were implemented in the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi (http://unite.ut.ee) and were shared with other online resources. Data obtained from human/animal pathogenic fungi will furthermore be verified on culture based metadata for subsequent inclusion in the ISHAM-ITS database (http://its.mycologylab.org).
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Abdallah, Nancy, et al.
(författare)
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Combinatorial invariance of Kazhdan-Lusztig-Vogan polynomials for fixed point free involutions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics. - : SPRINGER. - 0925-9899 .- 1572-9192. ; 47:4, s. 543-560
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When acts on the flag variety of , the orbits are in bijection with fixed point free involutions in the symmetric group . In this case, the associated Kazhdan-Lusztig-Vogan polynomials can be indexed by pairs of fixed point free involutions , where denotes the Bruhat order on . We prove that these polynomials are combinatorial invariants in the sense that if is a poset isomorphism of upper intervals in the Bruhat order on fixed point free involutions, then for all v amp;gt;= u.
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| 12. |
- Abdallah, Nancy, et al.
(författare)
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Free resolutions and Lefschetz properties of some Artin Gorenstein rings of codimension four
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of symbolic computation. - 0747-7171 .- 1095-855X. ; 121, s. 102257-102257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In (Stanley, 1978), Stanley constructs an example of an Artinian Gorenstein (AG) ring A with non-unimodal H-vector (1,13,12,13,1). Migliore-Zanello show in (Migliore and Zanello, 2017) that for regularity r=4, Stanley's example has the smallest possible codimension c for an AG ring with non-unimodal H-vector.The weak Lefschetz property (WLP) has been much studied for AG rings; it is easy to show that an AG ring with non-unimodal H-vector fails to have WLP. In codimension c=3 it is conjectured that all AG rings have WLP. For c=4, Gondim shows in (Gondim, 2017) that WLP always holds for r≤4 and gives a family where WLP fails for any r≥7, building on Ikeda's example (Ikeda, 1996) of failure for r=5. In this note we study the minimal free resolution of A and relation to Lefschetz properties (both weak and strong) and Jordan type for c=4 and r≤6.
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| 13. |
- Abdallah, Nancy, et al.
(författare)
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Lefschetz properties of some codimension three Artinian Gorenstein algebras
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Algebra. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-8693 .- 1090-266X. ; 625, s. 28-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Codimension two Artinian algebras have the strong and weak Lefschetz properties provided the characteristic is zero or greater than the socle degree. It is open to what extent such results might extend to codimension three Artinian Gorenstein algebras. Despite much work, the strong Lefschetz property for codimension three Artinian Gorenstein algebra has remained largely mysterious; our results build on and strengthen some of the previous results. We here show that every standard-graded codimension three Artinian Gorenstein algebra A having maximum value of the Hilbert function at most six has the strong Lefschetz property, provided that the characteristic is zero. When the characteristic is greater than the socle degree of A, we show that A is almost strong Lefschetz, they are strong Lefschetz except in the extremal pair of degrees.
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| 14. |
- Abdallah, Nancy, et al.
(författare)
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Limits of graded Gorenstein algebras of Hilbert function $$(1,3^k,1)$$
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Mathematics. - 2199-675X .- 2199-6768. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Let R= k [x, y, z], the polynomial ring over a field k. Several of the authors previously classified nets of ternary conics and their specializations over an algebraically closed field, Abdallah et al. (Eur J Math 9(2), Art. No. 22, 2023). We here show that when k is algebraically closed, and considering the Hilbert function sequence T =(1,3(k),1), k >= 2 (i.e. T = (1, 3, 3, ... , 3, 1) where k is the multiplicity of 3), then the family GT parametrizing graded Artinian algebra quotients A = R/I of R having Hilbert function T is irreducible, and G(T) is the closure of the family Gor(T) of Artinian Gorenstein algebras of Hilbert function T. We then classify up to isomorphism the elements of these families Gor(T) and of G(T). Finally, we give examples of codimension 3 Gorenstein sequences, such as (1, 3, 5, 3, 1), for which G(T) has several irreducible components, one being the Zariski closure of Gor(T).
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| 15. |
- Abdallah, Nancy, et al.
(författare)
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Nets in P^2 and Alexander Duality
- 2023
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Ingår i: Discrete & Computational Geometry. - 0179-5376 .- 1432-0444.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A net in P^2 is a configuration of lines A and points X satisfying certain incidence properties. Nets appear in a variety of settings, ranging from quasigroups to combinatorial design to classification of Kac–Moody algebras to cohomology jump loci of hyperplane arrangements. For a matroid M and rank r, we associate a monomial ideal (a monomial variant of the Orlik–Solomon ideal) to the set of flats of M of rank ≤r. In the context of line arrangements in P^2, applying Alexander duality to the resulting ideal yields insight into the combinatorial structure of nets.
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| 16. |
- Abdallah, Nancy, et al.
(författare)
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Nets of conics and associated Artinian algebras of length 7
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Mathematics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2199-675X .- 2199-6768. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We classify the orbits of nets of conics under the action of the projective linear group and we determine the specializations of these orbits, using geometric and algebraic methods. We study related geometric questions, as the parametrization of planar cubics. We show that Artinian algebras of Hilbert function H=(1,3,3,0) determined by nets, can be smoothed—deformed to a direct sum of fields; and that algebras of Hilbert function H=(1,r,2,0), determined by pencils of quadrics, can also be smoothed. This portion is a translation and update of a 1977 version, a typescript by the second two authors that was distributed as a preprint of University of Paris VII. In a new Historical Appendix A we describe related work prior to 1977. In an Update Appendix B we survey some developments since 1977 concerning nets of conics, related geometry, and deformations of Artinian algebras of small length.
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| 17. |
- Abdallah, Nancy
(författare)
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On Hodge Theory of Singular Plane Curves
- 2016
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Ingår i: Canadian mathematical bulletin. - : Canadian Mathematical Society. - 0008-4395 .- 1496-4287. ; 59:3, s. 449-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dimensions of the graded quotients of the cohomology of a plane curve complement U = P-2/C with respect to the Hodge filtration are described in terms of simple geometrical invariants. The case of curves with ordinary singularities is discussed in detail. We also give a precise numerical estimate for the difference between the Hodge filtration and the pole order filtration on H-2(U, C).
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Abdallah, Nancy, et al.
(författare)
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Topology of posets with special partial matchings
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Mathematics. - : Academic Press. - 0001-8708 .- 1090-2082. ; 348, s. 255-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Special partial matchings (SPMs) are a generalisation of Brentis special matchings. Let a pircon be a poset in which every non-trivial principal order ideal is finite and admits an SPM. Thus pircons generalise Mariettis zircons. We prove that every open interval in a pircon is a PL ball or a PL sphere. It is then demonstrated that Bruhat orders on certain twisted identities and quasiparabolic W-sets constitute pircons. Together, these results extend a result of Can, Cherniaysky, and Twelbeck, prove a conjecture of Hultman, and confirm a claim of Rains and Vazirani.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Abdon, NJ, et al.
(författare)
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Peripartumcardiomyopathi an often mised diagnosis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 110:23-24, s. 1152-1154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peripartumkardiomyopati är en sällsynt form av hjärtsvikt. Diagnostiska kriterier är nytillkommen hjärtsvikt från sen graviditet och upp till fem månader efter förlossning, avsaknad av annan förklaring till hjärtsvikt och nedsatt systolisk vänsterkammarfunktion Orsaken till tillståndet tros vara omvandling av prolaktin till en kardiotoxisk variant. Terapin är den etablerade, men ACE-hämmare och ARB får inte ges till ammande mödrar. Hjärttransplantation har tillgripits. Maligna hjärtarytmier har krävt behandling med implanterbar defibrillator och pacemaker. Hämning av produktionen av prolaktin med bromokriptin har gett goda resultat i en liten studie. Resultaten har inte bekräftats.
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| 22. |
- Abedinifar, S., et al.
(författare)
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Ethanol production by Mucor indicus and Rhizopus oryzae from rice straw by separate hydrolysis and fermentation
- 2009
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Ingår i: Biomass and Bioenergy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0961-9534 .- 1873-2909. ; 33:5, s. 828-833
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rice straw was successfully converted to ethanol by separate enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation by Mucor indicus, Rhizopus oryzae, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The hydrolysis temperature and pH of commercial cellulase and β-glucosidase enzymes were first investigated and their best performance obtained at 45 °C and pH 5.0. The pretreatment of the straw with dilute-acid hydrolysis resulted in 0.72 g g-1 sugar yield during 48 h enzymatic hydrolysis, which was higher than steam-pretreated (0.60 g g-1) and untreated straw (0.46 g g-1). Furthermore, increasing the concentration of the dilute-acid pretreated straw from 20 to 50 and 100 g L-1 resulted in 13% and 16% lower sugar yield, respectively. Anaerobic cultivation of the hydrolyzates with M. indicus resulted in 0.36-0.43 g g-1 ethanol, 0.11-0.17 g g-1 biomass, and 0.04-0.06 g g-1 glycerol, which is comparable with the corresponding yields by S. cerevisiae (0.37-0.45 g g-1 ethanol, 0.04-0.10 g g-1 biomass and 0.05-0.07 glycerol). These two fungi produced no other major metabolite from the straw and completed the cultivation in less than 25 h. However, R. oryzae produced lactic acid as the major by-product with yield of 0.05-0.09 g g-1. This fungus had ethanol, biomass and glycerol yields of 0.33-0.41, 0.06-0.12, and 0.03-0.04 g g-1, respectively.
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| 23. |
- Abelli, Björn
(författare)
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Directing and Enacting the Information System
- 2007
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Ingår i: Advances in Information Systems Development - New Methods and Practice for the Networked Society.. - Boston, MA : Springer US. - 9780387708010 ; , s. 13-23
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Abelsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality during CPR practice versus during a simulated life-saving event
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1080-3548 .- 2376-9130. ; 24:4, s. 652-655
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. As a part of the emergency medical services, the Swedish fire brigade can increase the survival rate in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.Aim. To compare the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by firefighters at a routine CPR practice versus when involved in a simulated life-saving event.Methods. In this study, 80 firefighters divided into two groups performed CPR according to guidelines: one group indoors during a routine training session; the other group outdoors during a smoke diving exercise wearing personal protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.Results. The results showed a tendency for the outdoor group to perform CPR with better ventilation and compression quality, as compared to the indoor group. The ventilation of the manikin was not hampered by the firefighters wearing personal protective clothes and self-contained breathing apparatus, as the Swedish firefighters remove their facial mask and ventilate the patient with their mouth using a pocket mask.Conclusions. Overall, the results in both groups showed a high quality of CPR which can be related to the fire brigade training and education traditions. CPR training is regularly performed, which in turn helps to maintain CPR skills.
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| 26. |
- Abelsson, Anna, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Empowerment in the perioperative dialog
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2054-1058. ; 8:1, s. 96-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To describe how the nurse anaesthetist empowers the patient in the perioperative dialogue. Design: A qualitative descriptive design with interviews with 12 nurse anaesthetist (NA). Method: A hermeneutic text interpretation with a foundation in Gibson's empowerment model. Result: The results highlight Gibson's nursing domain: Helper, Supporter, Counsellor, Educator, Resource Consultant, Resource Mobilizer, Facilitator, Enabler and Advocate. The overall understanding is revealed as a relationship can be built through closeness between the patient and the NA. The NA helps the patient master the situation by talking to and touching the patient. The patient is helped to find their own strengths and to cope with their fears. The patients decide over their own bodies. When the patients do not want to or cope with protecting themselves, the NA protects and represents the patient.
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| 27. |
- Abelsson, Anna, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced self-assessment of CPR by low-dose, high-frequency training
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emergency Services. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2047-0894 .- 2047-0908. ; 10:1, s. 93-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose was to investigate what effect an intervention of low-dose, high-frequency cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training with feedback for one month would have on professionals' subjective self-assessment skill of CPR.Design/methodology/approach: This study had a quantitative approach. In total, 38 firefighters performed CPR for two minutes on a Resusci Anne QCPR. They then self-assessed their CPR through four multiple-choice questions regarding compression rate, depth, recoil and ventilation volume. After one month of low-dose, high-frequency training with visual feedback, the firefighters once more performed CPR and self-assessed their CPR.Findings: With one month of low-dose, high-frequency training with visual feedback, the level of self-assessment was 87% (n = 33) correct self-assessment of compression rate, 95% (n = 36) correct self-assessment of compression depth, 68% (n = 26) correct self-assessment of recoil and 87% (n = 33) correct self-assessment of ventilations volume. The result shows a reduced number of firefighters who overestimate their ability to perform CPR.Originality/value: With low-dose, high-frequency CPR training with visual feedback for a month, the firefighters develop a good ability to self-assess their CPR to be performed within the guidelines. By improving their ability to self-assess their CPR quality, firefighters can self-regulate their compression and ventilation quality. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.
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| 28. |
- Abelsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Simulation as a means to develop firefighters as emergency care professionals
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1080-3548 .- 2376-9130. ; 25:4, s. 650-657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the simulated emergency care performed by firefighters and their perception of simulation as an educational method.METHODS: This study had a mixed method with both a quantitative and a qualitative approach. Data were collected by simulation assessment, a questionnaire, and written comments. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the quantitative data whereas a qualitative content analysis was conducted on the qualitative data. Finally, a contingent analysis was used where a synthesis configured both the quantitative and the qualitative results into a narrative result.RESULTS: The cognitive workload that firefighters face during simulated emergency care is crucial for learning. In this study, the severity and complexity of the scenarios provided were higher than expected by the firefighters. Clearly stated conditions for the simulation and constructive feedback were considered positive for learning. Patient actors induced realism in the scenario, increasing the experience of stress, in comparison to a manikin.CONCLUSION: To simulate in a realistic on-scene environment increases firefighters' cognitive ability to critically analyze problems and manage emergency care. Simulation of emergency care developed the firefighters as professionals.
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| 29. |
- Abelsson, Anna, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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The nurse anesthetist perioperative dialog
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Nursing. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6955 .- 1472-6955. ; 19:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background In the perioperative dialogue, pre-, intra- and postoperatively, the patient shares their history. In the dialogue, the nurse anesthetist (NA) gets to witness the patient's experiences and can alleviate the patients' suffering while waiting for, or undergoing surgery. The aim of this study was to describe the nurse anesthetist's experiences of the perioperative dialogue. Methods The study had a qualitative design. Interviews were conducted with 12 NA and analyzed with interpretive content analysis. The methods were conducted in accordance with the COREQ guidelines. Results In the result, three categories emerge: A mutual meeting (the preoperative dialogue) where the patient and the NA through contact create a relationship. The NA is present and listens to the patient, to give the patient confidence in the NA. In the category, On the basis of the patient's needs and wishes (the intraoperative dialogue), the body language of the NA, as well as the ability to read the body language of the patient, is described as important. In the category, To create a safe situation (the postoperative dialogue) the NA ensures that the patient has knowledge of what has happened and of future care in order to restore the control to the patient. Conclusion The patient is met as a person with their own needs and wishes. It includes both a physical and a mental meeting. In a genuine relationship, the NA can confirm and unreservedly talk with the patient. When the patients leave their body and life in the hands of the NA, they can help the patients to find their inherent powers, which allows for participation in their care. Understanding the patient is possible when entering in a genuine relationship with the patient and confirm the patient. The perioperative dialogue forms a safety for the patients in the operating environment.
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| 30. |
- Abelsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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To enhance the quality of CPR performed by youth layman
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emergency Medicine. - : BioMed Central. - 1865-1372 .- 1865-1380. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By educating laymen, survival after cardiac arrest can increase in society. It is difficult to reach the entire population with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training. However, if 15% of the population knows how to perform CPR, an increase in short- and long-term survival in patients suffering a cardiac arrest could be seen. To educate youth is a way to reach parts of the population. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 2-h CPR intervention for youth.
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| 31. |
- Abelsson, Anna, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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To strengthen self-confidence as a step in improving prehospital youth laymen basic life support
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Emergency Medicine. - : NLM (Medline). - 1471-227X .- 1471-227X. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:A rapid emergency care intervention can prevent the cardiac arrest from resulting in death. In order for Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) to have any real significance for the survival of the patient, it requires an educational effort educating the large masses of people of whom the youth is an important part. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a two-hour education intervention for youth regarding their self-confidence in performing Adult Basic Life Support (BLS).METHODS:A quantitative approach where data consist of a pre- and post-rating of seven statements by 50 participants during an intervention by means of BLS theoretical and practical education.RESULTS:The two-hour training resulted in a significant improvement in the participants' self-confidence in identifying a cardiac arrest (pre 51, post 90), to perform compressions (pre 65, post 91) and ventilations (pre 64, post 86) and use a defibrillator (pre 61, post 81). In addition, to have the self-confidence to be able to perform, and to actually perform, first aid to a person suffering from a traumatic event was significantly improved (pre 54, post 89).CONCLUSION:By providing youth with short education sessions in CPR, their self-confidence can be improved. This can lead to an increased will and ability to identify a cardiac arrest and to begin compressions and ventilations. This also includes having the confidence using a defibrillator. Short education sessions in first aid can also lead to increased self-confidence, resulting in young people considering themselves able to perform first aid to a person suffering from a traumatic event. This, in turn, results in young people perceiveing themselves as willing to commence an intervention during a traumatic event. In summary, when the youth believe in their own knowledge, they will dare to intervene.
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| 32. |
- Abelsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Trauma Simulation in Prehospital Emergency Care.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of trauma nursing : the official journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1078-7496 .- 1932-3883. ; 25:3, s. 201-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Well-educated ambulance staff is a prerequisite for high-quality prehospital trauma care. The aim of this study was to examine how nurses in the ambulance service experienced participation in trauma simulation. Sixty-one nurses, working in an emergency ambulance service, performed simulated trauma care on four different occasions and afterward rated three statements on a 5-point Likert scale. A descriptive and inferential analysis was conducted. There are statistically significant increases between the pre- and posttests regarding all three statements: "I think simulation of severe trauma with manikins is realistic" (0.23 or 6% increase), "Simulation is a suitable method for learning severe trauma care" (1.3 or 38% increase), and "I am comfortable in the situation learning severe trauma care through simulation" (0.74 or 19% increase). With the experience of realism in simulation, participants become more motivated to learn and prepare for future events. If the participants instead feel uncomfortable during simulation training, they focus on their own feelings instead of learning. In a realistic simulated environment, participants are prepared to understand and manage the emergency care situation in clinical work. Participants learn during simulation when they are outside their comfort zone but without being uncomfortable or experiencing anxiety.
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| 33. |
- Abila, R., et al.
(författare)
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Oil extraction imperils Africa’s Great Lakes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 354:6312, s. 561-562
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As the world's demands for hydrocarbons increase (1), remote areas previously made inaccessible by technological limitations are now being prospected for oil and gas deposits. Virtually unnoticed by the public, such activities are ongoing in the East African Great Lakes region, threatening these ecosystems famed for their hyper-diverse biota, including the unique adaptive radiations of cichlid fishes (2). Countries in the region see exploitation of hydrocarbon reserves as a vital economic opportunity. In the Lake Albert region of Uganda, for example, the government foresees a $3.6 billion oil profit per year starting in 2018—a sum almost as high as the country's current annual budget (3). However, oil extraction in the East African Great Lakes region poses grave risks to the environment and local communities.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Abraham, Getahun Yacob, 1958-
(författare)
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A post-colonial perspective on African education systems
- 2020
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Ingår i: African Journal of Education and Practice. - : International Peer Reviewed Journals and Books (IPRJB). - 2519-0296. ; 6:5, s. 40-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this article is to discuss about precolonial and colonial education and the development of the education systems in the postcolonial Africa. The paper will deal with the questions whether there were any education systems in precolonial Africa and motives for introducing the colonial education systems. Further the relation of the colonial education systems with the needs of the local society, the postcolonial education systems and their future will be analysed. Methodology: Postcolonial perspective is a theoretical frame for the study. A desk-research was conducted to identify and select the relevant literature. Content analysis was used as a method to understand, analyse and interpret the literature. Findings: The results of the literature review show that there were socialization mechanisms before colonialism in African societies. Education introduced in its modern form by missionaries was supposed to serve mainly religious purposes and to train low level functionaries by colonial states. Instead of focusing on local realities education was used to teach the glories of the colonial countries, spread their language and culture as well as introduce a new way of life by condemning all that was native. After independence the inherited colonial education systems continued isolating the masses who had no access to the colonial languages. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Findings of this study shows some limitations in African education systems. It is necessary that education policy makers and other concerned stakeholders´ to increase the use of local languages to reach the society at large, to focus on contents relevant to their contexts, to provide both theoretical and skill-based education useful for development of society and to aim towards educating productive, conscious, critical and democratic citizens.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Abraham, Getahun Yacob, 1958-
(författare)
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African Higher Education: Focus on local context.
- 2022
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Ingår i: The 14th SANORD International Conference..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Africa have about 1225 officially registered higher education institutions(https://www.4icu.org/Africa/). Some of them are founded by formal colonizers and whileothers through national and local initiatives. The majority of these institutions are Euro-Centric in their approach. This text will investigate briefly what is expected of African highereducation to transform societies to the better.The study is based on analysis of secondary data searched and found from Google Scholar,ERIC, and Primo database. Terms such as Higher education in Africa, African highereducation, possibilities and limitations of African higher education are used for the search.15 articles relevant to the purpose of the study are identified and used.The result of the study shows that African universities need local epistemologies andknowledge production systems to identify, research and propose solutions to localproblems. Teaching and research should take in to consideration social experiences andknowledge of the local communities. Local languages should be considered to undertakeresearch, to distribute knowledge and to secure communities’ engagement.Teachings and research need to address the political unrest, social injustice, economicunderdevelopment and technological backwardness most countries are facing. Focus on thelocal realities and transformation should be prioritized instead of international competitionand commodification of higher education. For transforming higher education to focus onlocal context, there is a need that the management, administration and academic staffstudents as well as the society at large should stand together.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Abraham, Getahun Yacob
(författare)
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Compulsory School Curricula of South Africa (RNCS, 2002) and Sweden (Lpo94).
- 2008
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Ingår i: Compulsory School Curricula of South Africa (RNCS, 2002) and Sweden (Lpo94)..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compulsory School Curricula of South Africa (RNCS1, 2002) and Sweden (Lpo 294).AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyse the compulsory school curricula of South Africa and Sweden. It focuses on contexts for their introduction, main actors in the process, democratic values they contain and their similarities and differences. Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is used for analysis. The curricula and references to other literatures show similarities and differences. Contextual similarities are that both countries were once under oppression and their masses were isolated from the education process and more resources were invested on their elites. At present the curricula of both countries strives for democratic education. A major difference is equal opportunities for the students to attend a school of their choice are higher in Sweden than in South Africa. The Swedish curriculum is more concrete on issues related to students, teachers and other school staff’s rights and responsibilities, and on relations between school, home and society.Key words: South Africa, Sweden, Curricula, and Democratic values
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| 42. |
- Abraham, Getahun Yacob
(författare)
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Critical Pedagogy: Origin, Vision, Action & Consequences
- 2014
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Ingår i: KAPET. - Karlstad : Karlstads universitet. - 1653-4743. ; 10:1, s. 90-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Critical pedagogy is a transformation-based approach to education. The aim of this article is to introduce the origin, vision, action and consequences of critical pedagogy. It also aims on finding out about educators’ possibility of actualising it in their practice. As a source materials articles, book chapters and books are used. The literature shows that critical pedagogy has its origin in the tradition of critical theory of the Frankfurt School and the work of the Brazilian pedagog Paulo Freire. According to the literature, its major theses is that education should go beyond transfer of knowledge and training the future labour force; to help developing critical consciousness, which leads to transformation of the individual, learning environment and society at large. Critical pedagogy is criticised for a focus on macro level system, for not having a model for classroom implementation and for being abstract. Despite some critics, I argue that critical pedagogy has still the potential to empower those in the field of education to increase their consciousness about the injustice in their society and to involve in transforming it. Keywords: Critical pedagogy, critical thinking, critical theory, dialogue, Frankfurt School, transformation.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Abraham, Getahun Yacob
(författare)
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Democratic Values in the Comprehensive Schools Curricula of the Nordic Countries.
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Democratic values in the comprehensive schools curricula of the Nordic countries. The major focus of this paper is to find out which aspects of democratic values are emphasised in the comprehensive schools curricula of the five Nordic countries. It is also an intention of the paper to find out similarities and differences in emphasis and if available data allows to further investigate the reasons for differences and similarities.Major sources for the work were curricula of comprehensive schools from the different Nordic countries. Each countries current curriculum was closely read to understand their contents and to undertake comparative analysis. Text analysis was used as a major tool to look closely at the text and context. For further knowledge journals on curriculum studies and other relevant materials were consulted.A preliminary review of the general section of comprehensive schools curricula of these countries show:In the Danish curriculum participation, responsibility and understanding rights and duties are emphasised.The Finnish curriculum raises issues on human rights, equality, natural diversity, preservation of environment and multiculturalism. Responsibility, a sense of community and respect for the right and freedom of the individual are emphasised. General diversity and gender equality are given significant attention.In the Icelandic curriculum the major focus is human rights, collective responsibility, participation, influencing, and respect. Concern for people, animal and the environment are included in the curriculum. Critical thinking and reflection, active cooperation & collective responsibility are also emphasised.The Norwegian curriculum mentions understanding, cooperation, independence, individual freedom and tolerance as important issues.Swedish curriculum raises issues on respect for human rights, respect for persons and the environment. It considers inviolability of human life, individual freedom and integrity, equality between women and men, solidarity with the weak and vulnerable as crucial points. Sense of justice, generosity of spirit, tolerance and responsibility, well-being and development of the individual, no discrimination and personal responsibility were among the areas the curriculum lifted up.The curricula in these five countries give room for democratic values. There are some variations on emphasises on specific issues. But all the curricula include issues of rights and responsibilities.Keywords: curricula, democratic values, Nordic countries
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| 45. |
- Abraham, Getahun Yacob
(författare)
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Education for Democracy? : Life Orientation: Lessons on Leadeship Qualities and Voting in South African Comprehensive Schools
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study takes as its starting point how teachers understand, interpret and teach social development aspects of Life Orientation in South African comprehensive schools. The specific focus is on lessons on leadership qualities and voting for third grade learners in four schools, each dominated by either Black, Coloured, White or mixed groups of learners. Field work with an ethnographic approach and a qualitative strategy was used to gain access to empirical data. Policy and curriculum documents, guidelines and textbooks were used. Classroom observations in four classes and interviews with 14 third grade teachers were conducted. Theoretical concepts of construction, deconstruction and reconstruction are applied. Ulf P Lundgren’s Frame Factor Theory is used to study school organization. Basil Bernstein’s Pedagogical Devices are considered when examining the different levels of pedagogical activities. To be a teacher in South Africa one needs to attend at least two years of teacher education after completing high school. Teachers in the classes studied underwent their teacher education during apartheid years. Due to limited in-service training, they sometimes experience problems of understanding and interpreting the learning area, which they usually tackle by consulting documents, colleagues or school authorities. The learners’ understanding varied based on their family background and type of school they attended. There were enormous differences in material, financial and organisational resources between classes and schools. The resources for teaching leadership qualities and voting were not, however, different between the classes. The lessons were teacher dominated and direct transmission was used as a method. The way teachers facilitated the lesson on leadership qualities and voting varied but all showed some democratic shortcomings. Apart from answering questions, learners were neither invited nor encouraged to participate to further their understanding of the theme. Limited aspects of leadership qualities were discussed, individual leaders’ roles were emphasised and the teachers picked candidates for class leaders in three of the classes. It was also evident that the class environments were not suitable for critical or creative thinking and democratic upbringing. The schools reproduced norms, values, languages and cultures of the different groups. Officially, teachers emphasised the common national South African identity. This emphasis on national identity could disguise the injustice some groups experience in society.
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| 46. |
- Abraham, Getahun Yacob, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Exemplary picturebooks about democratic principles
- 2024
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Ingår i: Cogent Education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2331-186X. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Picturebooks are media resources that combine illustrations and texts to reach young children with entertainment and messages about life. They can support children’s development of understanding of democratic principles. For this paper, picturebooks from Sweden and the US with content involving democratic principles were analysed with the goal of inquiring into specifically selected picturebooks through text- and illustration-based methods (iconotext). Ten picturebooks published since 2000 served as exemplars of five democratic principles: (a) equity/equality, (b) respect and appreciation for diversity, (c) rights, (d) freedom, and (e) participation. These picturebooks were examined with regard to power relations between groups or individuals. Dominance was expressed in the form of race differentiation and separation, gender dominance, and the limitation of others’ rights by force. Picturebooks from Sweden and the US differed with regard to individualism vs. collectivism. The picturebooks included contexts in which democratic solutions were sought and obtained; through read alouds they can present young children with models of decision making for their own lives.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Abraham, Getahun Yacob, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Freire’s concepts and theories as a strategy to reduce poverty
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: Freire’s concepts and theories as a strategy to reduce poverty Getahun Yacob Abraham, Senior Lecturer in Education, Karlstad University, Sweden Ane Bergersen, Associate Professor Sociology, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences The UN Sustainable Development Goals puts as its first goal, “End Extreme Poverty In All Forms By 2030” (UNDP, 2016). This shows poverty is one of the gravest problem in our planet. Most countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are reported as countries with low development index and extreme poverty (UNDP 2018, FAO 2017 & World Bank 2017). This paper will use Paulo Freire´s (1970) concepts “generative themes”, dialogue and transformation to be able to discuss how themes can be raised, discussed and possible actions for change will be proposed. Some preliminary review of literature shows the relevance of universities considering themselves as public goods, including in their policies, their commitment to the development of their societies, giving sufficient attention to local and regional problems and devotion to educating a generation of students with critical thinking and devotion to transform their society. This paper will explore how universities in Southern/Africa could include Freire’s concepts and theories in their research agenda in their search of causes of poverty and possible ways of reducing/eradicating it in their local and regional contexts.
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| 49. |
- Abraham, Getahun Yacob, 1958-
(författare)
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Immigrant Students Reflections on Their Failed Results from Compulsory School : Reconsidering Multi-dimensional Solutions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Education and Cultural Studies. - Los Angeles, CA : Scholink. - 2573-0401 .- 2573-041X. ; 2:3, s. 213-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study is to investigate reasons students with an immigrant background in one Swedish high school gives for their failure in some subjects at the end of their compulsory education. An interview with 18 students with an immigrant background is used as a method. According to the students, schools’ employment of substitute teachers without subject knowledge, reducing and firing competent teachers and less time for Swedish language lessons are reasons for failure in relation to schools. Other reasons given that affect results relate to family issues; leaving their country of origin, having many siblings and not getting enough attention from parents, parents inability to help them with school work, limited family financial resources and social obligations to support family members in their country of origin. In their residential area; not meeting persons with Swedish origin, lack of recreational facilities and meeting place, higher unemployment and crime rate are emphasized as affecting their lives and influencing their results. Based on the research findings and reviewed literature, students’ failure is mainly related to school, family and residential areas. The problems vary to a great extent, hence, the solutions should also bemulti-dimensional.
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| 50. |
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