| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Ahlsson, Anders, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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A Swedish consensus on the surgical treatment of concomitant atrial fibrillation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - London, United Kingdom : Informa Healthcare. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 46:4, s. 212-218
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia among patients scheduled for open heart surgery and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. According to international guidelines, symptomatic and selected asymptomatic patients should be offered concomitant surgical AF ablation in conjunction with valvular or coronary surgery. The gold standard in AF surgery is the Cox Maze III ("cut-and-sew") procedure, with surgical incisions in both atria according to a specified pattern, in order to prevent AF reentry circuits from developing. Over 90% of patients treated with the Cox Maze III procedure are free of AF after 1 year. Recent developments in ablation technology have introduced several energy sources capable of creating nonconducting atrial wall lesions. In addition, simplified lesion patterns have been suggested, but results with these techniques have been unsatisfactory. There is a clear need for standardization in AF surgery. The Swedish Arrhythmia Surgery Group, represented by surgeons from all Swedish units for cardiothoracic surgery, has therefore reached a consensus on surgical treatment of concomitant AF. This consensus emphasizes adherence to the lesion pattern in the Cox Maze III procedure and the use of biatrial lesions in nonparoxysmal AF.
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| 3. |
- Backström, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Manager's task to support integrated autonomy at the workplace : Results from an intervention
- 2013
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Business and Management. - Bayswater, W.A. : Canadian Center of Science and Education. - 1833-3850 .- 1833-8119. ; 8:22, s. 20-31
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new managerial task arises in today’s working life: to provide conditions for and influence interaction between actors and thus to enable the emergence of organizing structure in tune with a changing environment. We call this the enabling managerial task. The goal of this paper is to study whether training first line managers in the enabling managerial task could lead to changes in the work for the subordinates. This paper presents results from questionnaires answered by the subordinates of the managers before and after the training. The training was organized as a learning network and consisted of eight workshops carried out over a period of one year (September 2009–June 2010), where the managers met with each other and the researchers once a month. Each workshop consisted of three parts, during three and a half hours. The first hour was devoted to joint reflection on a task that had been undertaken since the last workshop; some results were presented from the employee pre-assessments, followed by relevant theory and illuminating practices, finally the managers created new tasks for themselves to undertake during the following month. The subordinates’ answers show positive change in all of the seventeen scales used to assess it. The improvements are significant in scales measuring the relationship between the manager and the employees, as well as in those measuring interaction between employees. It is concluded that the result was a success for all managers that had the possibility of using the training in their management work.
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| 4. |
- Backström, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Managers' task to supportintegrated autonomy at the workplace. Results from an intervention. : International Journal of Business and Management; Vol. 8, No. 22; 2013
- 2013
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Business and Management. - Canada : Canadian centrer of science and education. - 1833-3850 .- 1833-8119. ; 8:22, s. 20-31
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new managerial task arises in today’s working life: to provide conditions for and influence interaction between actors and thus to enable the emergence of organizing structure in tune with a changing environment. We call this the enabling managerial task. The goal of this paper is to study whether training first line managers in the enabling managerial task could lead to changes in the work for the subordinates. This paper presents results from questionnaires answered by the subordinates of the managers before and after the training. The training was organized as a learning network and consisted of eight workshops carried out over a period of one year (September 2009 – June 2010), where the managers met with each other and the researchers once a month. Each workshop consisted of three parts, during three and a half hours. The first hour was devoted to joint reflection on a task that had been undertaken since the last workshop; some results were presented from the employee pre-assessments, followed by relevant theory and illuminating practices, finally the managers created new tasks for themselves to undertake during the following month. The subordinates’ answers show positive change in all of the seventeen scales used to assess it. The improvements are significant in scales measuring the relationship between the manager and the employees, as well as in those measuring interaction between employees. It is concluded that the result was a success for all managers that had the possibility of using the training in their management work.
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| 5. |
- Backström, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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The manager´s directing task
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The manager has great influence over the talks in the workplace. A manager as usesthe appropriate tools can help employees become more democratic in meetings andmore receptive to what colleagues are saying. This in turn leads to increased learningand better working environment for employees. This is shown in a project withtwenty managers from different businesses. From the public sector participatedcounty council, state administration and municipal activity. From private industryparticipated small service companies, banking, automobile, and an additionalmanufacturing industry. The managers had during a year to participate in eightworkshops with different themes related to communication and collaboration,conducted by researchers from Mälardalen University, Dalarna University andStockholm University (Sweden). The employees were requested to answerquestionnaires before and after this year, to study the extent to which they have beeninfluenced by the fact that managers attended the training.The results show that the working groups not only become more competent,employees have also been more attached to their work group and working groupshave also become more involved in decisions regarding their work and workplaces.Results point at the importance of the manager to support integrated autonomy amongthe employees who then become responsible and empowered actors.The ideal that this project seeks is called integrated autonomy. This means that theactor at the same time should be both independent and belonging. Employees andwork groups, should as far as possible, be permitted and develop competence todecide how the work should be carried out. The employees belonging enables thedecision to be made within the framework of the practices, the culture and theobjectives that the group and the organization has developed. Belonging is both asupport to staff and ensures that the action is strongly influenced by the organization.The manager task is about providing conditions for interaction and to influence theemergence of collective competence and coordination in tune with a changingenvironment. This way of working, we describe as the managers' directing task.
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| 6. |
- Backström, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
-
The manager’s directing task
- 2011
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The managers’ directing task This paper examines the manager’s role in the post-industrial work system. The post-industrial work system is complex and cannot be planned, managed, and controlled by one person - the manager alone cannot overlook, coordinate and comprehend ongoing activities. The central question of the study is how managers purposely can create possibilities for and influence interactions and relations that facilitates self organisation and develops collective competence. The study is theoretically grounded in theories on industrial work systems; leadership theory and theory within the field of organizational learning. The research was designed as a quasi-experimental study where interaction abilities within the employees were assessed before and after an intervention where their managers participated in a learning network. In all 20 managers participated, from different lines of business, each of them managing approx. from ten to 30 employees. Results point at the importance of the manager to support integrated autonomy among the employees who then become responsible and empowered actors. It is by participating in and directing the interaction in the workplace that the manager can lead in a post-industrial work system. We maintain that the actors’ understanding of and ways of talking about work and market are constantly emerging, re-created, and altered in interactions between them. How the actors understand and communicate influences, and are influenced by, how they work and how they cooperate in order to solve the work tasks of the organization, is crucial. We also maintain that managers have significant influence over the conditions for interaction. This managerial task, which has become important in the post-industrial work system, is seldom acknowledged in the literature on leadership and education. (Conference theme: Leadership studies in work and learning)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Backström, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Managers in the Post-industrial Work System
- 2011. - 1
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Ingår i: Studies in Industrial Renewal. - Västerås : Mälardalen University Press. ; , s. 215-227
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter examines the manager’s role in various work systems: the industrial and the post-industrial. Management is intimately dependent upon context. The post-industrial work system is characterized by flexibility. The coordination between departments and people within the organization, and between the organization and its environment, are not pre-defined by the organizational structures in the same way as they are in the industrial work system. Hence, a new managerial task arises: providing conditions and influencing the emergence of coordination in tune with a changing environment. We call this the directing managerial task. This chapter aims to give background on why the directing manager is needed and describe the directing task.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bolinder, Margareta, 1962-
(författare)
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Handlingsutrymmets betydelse för arbetslösas upplevelser, handlingsstrategier och jobbchanser
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main research problem in this thesis is how unemployed individuals experience and handle the situation of unemployment and how their actions are related to their action possibilities. These are determined by factors like level of education, vocational training, age, citizenship, handicap and level of unemployment on the local labour market. A common assumption is that search behaviour of unemployed individuals strongly affects their possibility to find a job. A central question in this thesis is if individuals’ behaviour has been overemphasised at the expense of real employment opportunities. The empirical part of this thesis is based on longitudinal data collected during a period of high unemployment. The sample is a national random sample existing of 3 500 Swedes interviewed by telephone in the beginning of 1996 and in the end of 1997. The results show that the expectations of the unemployed to find a job as well as their actual search behaviour are shaped by the situation they are in. The unemployed have job expectations that co-vary with their action possibilities, but as many as 31.3 per cent overestimate their chances and 10.5 per cent underestimate them. This result is based on questions about expectations to obtain a job related to the actual employment situation nearly two years later. Unemployed individuals’ job expectations co-vary with their experiences of the unemployment situation. Those who believe that their job chances are bad have a low mental sense of well-being, while the opposite is found among those who believe that their job chances are good. The sense of having control over the situation is important for an individual’s mental sense of well-being. Both strategies of activity and adaptation occur among the unemployed. Strategies that are meant to change the situation in an objective are most common, only a minority of the unemployed seem to have adapted to the situation of unemployment.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Eriksson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of [11C]/[13C]acrylamides by palladium-mediated carbonylation
- 2007
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 1434-193X .- 1099-0690. ; :3, s. 455-461
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two methods are presented for the synthesis of acrylamides labelled with C-11 (beta(+), t(1/2) = 20.4 min) and C-11 in the carbonyl position. In the first method, [1-C-11]acrylic acid is synthesised from [C-11]carbon monoxide by palladium-mediated hydroxy-carbonylation of acetylene. The labelled carboxylic acid is converted into the acyl chloride and subsequently treated with amine to yield N-benzyl[carbonyl(11)C]acrylamide, The second method utilizes [C-11]carbon monoxide in a palladium-mediated carbonylative cross-coupling of vinyl halides and amines. A higher radiochemical yield is achieved with the latter method and the amount of amine needed is decreased to 1/20. The C-11-labelled acrylamides were isolated in up to 81 % decay-corrected radiochemical yield. Starting from 10 +/- 0.5GBq of [C-11]carbon monoxide, N-benzyl[carbonyl-C-11]acrylamide was obtained in 4 min with a specific radioactivity of 330 +/- 4 GBq mu mol-(1). Co-labelling with C-11 and C-13 enabled confirmation of the labelled position by C-13 NMR spectroscopy.
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| 13. |
- Friberg, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Carath -ett verksamhetsinitierat kvalitetsregister och processtöd : Ger toraxkirurgin bra möjlighet att följa vårdprocessen
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 108:26-28, s. 1365-1369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vi redovisar här våra mångåriga erfarenheter av uppbyggnaden och implementeringen av ett IT-processtöd (Carath) för specialiserad vård, i detta fall toraxkirurgi. Kombinerade kvalitets- och processdata ur Carath har givit en unik möjlighet att följa för vårdprocessen relevanta nyckeltal. Sjukvårdsprocesser är komplexa. Bristande detaljkunskap om dessa eller underskattning av tidsåtgång för planering leder till fel i databasen, vilka kan vara svåra att korrigera i efterhand. Avsevärda resurser bör avsättas för att säkerställa en god validitet på data i ett kvalitetsregister. Komplexiteten i att koppla ihop t ex kvalitetsregister och datajournal med varandra på ett tillförlitligt vis ska inte underskattas.
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| 14. |
- Hedlund, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Attractive work
- 2009
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Ingår i: 7:th Seminar on Worklife Development. - Lappeenranta and Ruokolahti, Finland.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The model of Attractive Work was published 2004 (Åteg, Hedlund m fl. 2004). A questionnaire Questionnaire concerning Attractive Work was developed from the model (Högskolan Dalarna 2008). The questionnaire has been used during some years and at most occasions as a part in the Attractive Work Process. It is mostly researchers at Theme Working Life that have been using it, but also some supporting service companies. Data has been collected by the questionnaire during development work at companies or organizations. The results that will be presented are gathered from 16 different studies. Totally 1440 persons have filled in the questionnaire. They were employed at workplaces in different branches, for example estate management, parish work, museum, and elderly care. The results represent only these groups and are not representative for Swedish work force. The results shows that work is a relatively important aspect in the respondents life (3,8 on a scale 1-5). The main reason for working is to more than half of them “Earning a living and survival” (55,1%), two fifth says “Self-realization and good quality of life” (39,9%), and only a minor part says “material gain and a high standard of living” ( 5,0%). Most of them consider their current job as attractive to a big extent. The most important qualities to make a job attractive concern working conditions related to relations and leadership, as well as work satisfaction related to be sought after, stimulated and have inner acknowledgement. The two most important qualities are “I consider what I do to be important” and “I feel that I do a good job”. These important qualities correspond to a relatively high degree in the respondents’ current job, but there are still opportunities for development. The Attractive Work Process has been developed within interactive research and development projects. The process contains six steps – 1) Inform, plan and motivate, 2) Complete the questionnaire, 3) Analyze results, 4) Report results and prioritize, 5) Action plan, 6) Measure/evaluate. Central and important aspects of the process have been identified based on the experiences of participating researchers and companies. General important aspects are that the process is built on a promoting approach and engagement from all the employees. It is thereby important that the behavior of the process leader supports that approach. To make changes takes time and taking small steps in the right direction keeps the process moving forward. The process must be “living” all the time in order to be continuous. Högskolan Dalarna (2008). Questionnaire concerning Attractive Work. Borlänge: 5. Åteg, M., A. Hedlund, m fl. (2004). Attraktivt arbete. Från anställdas uttalanden till skapandet av en modell. Stockholm, Arbetslivsinstitutet.
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| 15. |
- Ilovich, Ohad, et al.
(författare)
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Rhodium-mediated [11C]Carbonylation : A library of N-phenyl-N′-{4-(4-quinolyloxy)-phenyl}-[11C]-urea derivatives as potential PET angiogenic probes
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals. - : Wiley. - 0362-4803 .- 1099-1344. ; 52:5, s. 151-157
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of our ongoing investigation into the imaging of angiogenic processes, a small library of eight vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2)/platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta dual inhibitors based on the N-phenyl-N'-4-(4-quinolyloxy)-phenyl-urea was labelled with C-11 (beta(+), t(1/2) = 20.4 min) in the urea carbonyl position via rhodium-mediated carbonylative cross-coupling of an aryl azide and different anilines. The decay-corrected radiochemical yields of the isolated products were in the range of 38-81% calculated from [C-11]carbon monoxide. Starting with 10.7+/-0.5 GBq of [C-11]carbon monoxide, 1-[4-(6,7-dimethoxy-quinolin-4-yloxy)-3-fluoro-phenyl]-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-[C-11]-urea (2.1 GBq) was isolated after total reaction time of 45 min with a specific activity of 92+/-4 GBq mu mol(-1).
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Källén, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between vitamin use, smoking, and nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0412 .- 0001-6349. ; 82:10, s. 916-920
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) is a common complaint but risk factors for NVP are not well characterized. Methods. Occurrence of NVP was studied by questionnaires given to pregnant women at their first visit to the antenatal care unit and were returned around gestational week 28. Results. Analysis of 3675 completed questionnaires was made. Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy was reported by 79% of the women, approximately half of which had been vomiting. Various therapies (drugs, acupuncture, acupressure) were tried by 18% of the women with NVP, of which the majority used drugs, most notably antihistamines (specifically meclozine). Hospitalization occurred in 1% of all women. Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy caused 28% of all sick-leaves during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy. Low maternal age and parity 1+ independently increased the risk for NVP. Smoking before pregnancy and using vitamins in early pregnancy were associated with a decreased risk for NVP. Women working outside the home had a lower rate of NVP than housewives and women out of work. Conclusions. Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is a common complaint with a significant impact on leave of absence from work. The study identifies a number of factors that are related to the occurrence of NVP and that may give hints on the etiology of the condition.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Lantz, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Thyrostimulin (a TSH-like Hormone) Expression in Orbital and Thyroid Tissue.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Thyroid. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1557-9077 .- 1050-7256. ; 17:2, s. 113-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate gene expression of thyrostimulin in orbital and thyroid tissue from patients with and without Graves' disease. Design: Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for detection of thyrostimulin gene expression in intraorbital adipose tissue from patients with severe ophthalmopathy and thyroid healthy controls in addition to thyrostimulin expression in normal thyroid tissue, multinodular goiter tissue, and Graves' thyroid tissue. Main Outcome: In intraorbital tissue, thyrostimulin expression was identified in both patients and controls with fluorescence intensities varying between 0.23 and 0.88 in patients and 0.29 and 8.9 in controls before treatment with DNase. The signal of thyrostimulin was weak or absent in intraorbital adipose tissue from patients with ophthalmopathy and thyroid healthy controls after treatment of samples with DNase. This was in contrast to the expression of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor and the housekeeping gene cyclophilin A that were detected both before and after DNase treatment. Similar results were found when analyzing human and rat thyroid tissue. Conclusions: Neither did we demonstrate gene expression of thyrostimulin in intraorbital adipose tissue or in thyroid tissue, nor could we confirm earlier findings in rat thyroid tissue. Whether thyrostimulin is a regulator of thyroid function has to be further investigated in future studies.
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| 20. |
- Löfvendahl, Runo, et al.
(författare)
-
Natursten i byggnader. Svensk byggnadssten & Skadebilder
- 1994
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna kombinerade byggnadsstens-och skadebildsatlas ingår i en riksomfattande inventering av stenmaterial och skador på kulturhistoriskt viktiga byggnader med exponerad och bearbetad natursten. När nordiskt samarbete kring luftföroreningarnas inverkan på kulturföremål inleddes 1987 utsågs natursten till ett av fyra delområden som skulle prioriteras. Vid ett första möte i Stockholm, med senare uppföljning i Raadvad utanför Köpenhamn, diskuterades en delvis gemensam nordisk aktionsplan för att restaurera och vårda natursten i byggnader och skulptural utsmyckning. Det visade sig finnas både likheter och skillnader beträffande material och åtgärder mellan länderna. Då vi i Sverige just påbörjat en landsomfattande inventerings-och konserveringskampanj, föll det sig naturligt att Sverige skulle utarbeta en skadebildsatlas med hänsyn till svenska bergarter. En samnordisk kommitté bildades i maj 1991 i Trondheim. Den svenska skadebildsatlasen skall ligga till grund för en integrerad nordisk atlas. Utgångspunkten har varit tidigare relativt rudimentär praxis i Sverige samt den nomenklatur och de system som byggts upp utomlands, framför allt i Tyskland, Italien och de anglosaxiska länderna.
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| 21. |
- Mariscalco, Giovanni, 1976-
(författare)
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Atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery : an analysis of risk factors, mechanisms, and survival effects
- 2008
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Despite the recent improvements in surgical techniques and postoperative patient care, atrial fibrillation (AF) remains the most frequent complication after cardiac surgery. Although postoperative AF is often regarded as a benign clinical condition, this arrhythmia has significant adverse effects on patient recovery and postoperative survival. Its exact pathophysiology has not yet been elucidated. The present thesis aims to analyze AF risk factors and their interaction, pre-existing histological explanatory alterations of the atrium, the AF impact on postoperative survival and the compliance of a prophylactic drug regimen. Methods: During a 10-year period, consecutive cardiac surgery cases with complete data on AF occurrence and postoperative survival were extracted. All patients were operated on for coronary or valvular surgery, with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Hospital and long-term survival data were obtained from Swedish population registry. Study I) Isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG, n=7056), aortic valve replacement (n=690) and their combination (n=688) were considered. Independent AF risk factors and AF effects on early and 1 year mortality were investigated. Study II) Patients affected by postoperative AF among isolated CABG patients (n=7621), valvular surgeries (n=995) and their combination (n=879) were studied. Long-term survival was obtained and prognostic factors identified. Study III) Seventy patients were randomized to on-pump (n=35) or off-pump (n=35) CABG. Samples from the right atrial appendage were collected and histology was evaluated by means of light and electronic microscopy with reference to preexistent alterations related to postoperative AF. Study IV) Cardiac surgery patients with complete data on smoking status (n=3245) were reviewed. Effects of smoking on AF development and interaction among variables were explored. Study V) CABG patients without clinical contraindications to receive oral sotalol (80 mg twice daily) and magnesium were prospectively enrolled (n = 49) and compared with a matched contemporary control CABG group (n = 844). The clinical compliance to the AF prophylactic drug regimen was tested. Results: The overall AF incidence was around 26%, subdivided into 23%, 40% and 45% for isolated CABG, valve procedures and their combined surgeries, respectively. Age was the strongest predictor of postoperative AF. Coronary disease superimposed risk factors with reference to myocardial conditions at CPB weaning. Considering the preoperative smoking condition, smokers demonstrated a reduced AF incidence compared to non-smokers (20% versus 27%, p<0.001). An interaction between smoking status and inotropic support was observed: without this interaction smoking conferred a 46% risk reduction of AF (p=0.011). At the histological level, myocyte vacuolization and nuclear derangement represented anatomical independent AF predictors (p=0.002 and p=0.016, respectively). CPB exposure was not associated to postoperative AF nor histological changes. Although, postoperative AF increases the length of hospitalization in all patient groups, it did not affect the hospital survival. However, AF independently impaired the late survival, a phenomenon seen in the CABG group only. With reference to the tested sotalolmagnesium drug regimen, only 55% of CABG patients were compliant to the treatment, with marginal effects on AF occurrence. Conclusions: In addition to age, details at the CPB weaning period, pre-existing histopathological changes, the hyperadrenergic state and catecholamines are key mechanisms in the pathophysiology of postoperative AF. In particular, the CPB period hides valuable information for timely AF prophylactic stratifications. Further, compliance effects due to patient selection should also be considered in a prophylactic therapy model. Postoperative AF increases late mortality after isolated CABG surgery, but not after valvular procedures. Although the mechanisms are unclear, our results draw the attention to possible AF recurrence after hospital discharge, indicating a strict postoperative surveillance.
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| 22. |
- Mattsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Serum levels of the aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen and hyaluronan during resolving and nonresolving posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis
- 1990
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 22:1, s. 11-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum levels of the aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP) and hyaluronan were analysed before and during the acute, recovery and chronic phases of non-A, non-B (NANB) posttransfusion hepatitis (PTH) in 13 patients. All patients were discovered during a prospective study on NANB PTH in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. 7/13 (54%) patients resolved their hepatitis within 6 months after onset, whereas 6/13 (46%) went on to chronic hepatitis. In 5 of these 6 patients a liver biopsy during the chronic phase of the hepatitis showed chronic active hepatitis in 2 and chronic persistent hepatitis in 3. During the acute NANB PTH phase the mean serum PIINP level rose significantly as compared to prehepatitis levels and to levels in a reference group not developing hepatitis. Neither PIIINP levels nor hyaluronan levels, however, could differentiate patients with resolving from patients with nonresolving hepatitis. These markers should, however, be further evaluated as potential markers for development of fibrosis/cirrhosis during chronic hepatitis.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Planck, Tereza, et al.
(författare)
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COX-2 and SCD, markers of inflammation and adipogenesis, are related to disease activity in Graves' ophthalmopathy
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Thyroid. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1557-9077 .- 1050-7256. ; 17:6, s. 511-517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Inflammation and adipogenesis are two parallel processes with increased activity in severe Graves' ophthalmopathy. Objective: The aim of this work was to define target genes for therapeutic intervention in adipogenesis and inflammation in Graves' ophthalmopathy. Design: Orbital tissue was obtained from patients with ophthalmopathy in acute or chronic phase undergoing orbital surgery to study gene expression followed by the study of potential intervention mechanisms in preadipocytes. Setting: Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden. Participants: Patients in acute severe or in chronic phase of ophthalmopathy. Interventions: Lateral orbital decompression in acute phase and restorative surgery in chronic phase. In vitro treatment of preadipocytes with rosiglitazone and diclofenac. Main outcome measure: Gene expression in intraorbital tissue or preadipocytes and differentiation of preadipocytes. Results: A marker of adipose tissue, stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD), and the proinflammatory gene, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), were overexpressed in patients in active phase compared to the chronic phase of ophthalmopathy. In growth-arrested preadipocytes stimulated with rosiglitazone, COX-2 expression increased temporarily within 1 hour and decreased to undetectable levels after 48 hours. In contrast, SCD and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) expression increased continuously from day 2 to day 7 during adipogenesis. Diclofenac, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenases with antagonistic effects on PPAR-gamma, reduced the number of mature adipocytes by approximately 50%. Conclusion: We conclude that inflammation and adipogenesis decrease with a decrease in activity of ophthalmopathy and that the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug diclofenac inhibits adipogenesis. This may represent a putative future treatment of endocrine ophthalmopathy.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Sofkova Hashemi, Sylvana, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Digitala textkompetenser och undervisning. En metatolkande syntes av forskningsstudier om texter, information och multimodalitet i skolan
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Trettonde nationella konferensen i svenska med didaktisk inriktning: Bildning, utbildning, fortbildning, Linköping, 22-23 november 2018, s. 270-286. - Linköping : Linköpings universitet. - 1651-9132. - 9789179298449
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital teknik för in nya möjligheter i svenskämnet, som exempelvis multimodala inslag och hypertexter, men ställer också förändrade krav både på elevers läsning, design och utvärdering av texter och lärares undervisning. Förändringar i läroplan och styrdokument tyder på en önskan om att elever ska vara digitalt textkompetenta. Genom en metatol- kande ansats har ett urval av aktuell svensk forskning på området reanalyserats. Syftet är att problematisera och synliggöra de möjligheter och utmaningar den digitala tidsåldern ställer på elever och lärare när det gäller att utveckla digitala textkompetenser. Analysen bygger på studier som spänner över grund- och gymnasieskola och behandlar frågor som rör elevers lärprocesser och lärares beredskap till handledning, stöttning och bedömning när elever söker, tolkar, läser, skapar och hanterar digitala, multimodala texter. Analysen indikerar att elever behöver stöd i att värdera och tolka information samt att designa texter multimodalt. Den visar dessutom att lärare är i behov av redskap för att uppfatta och värdera digitala, multimodala textkompetenser. Kursplanerevideringarna avseende digitalisering uppvisar ett tekniskt perspektiv på användning av digitala verktyg snarare än kvalitativa aspekter av elevernas multimodala textarbete. Konsekvensen blir att lärare, oavsett årskurs eller ämne, har svårt att relatera elevers kunskapsproduktioner till kunskapsmålen i kursplanerna. Det pekar i sin tur på ett behov av att utveckla nya sorters kvalitetsindikatorer för bedömning och betygssättning gällande digital multimodal textanvändning. Om lärare och elever har en gemensam förståelse för digitala, multi- modala texter, kan det utgöra en grund för att forma mer fokuserade och medvetna samtal om kvalitet i digitalt utformat innehåll.
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| 27. |
- Westbom, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Childhood malignancy and maternal diabetes or other auto-immune disease during pregnancy.
- 2002
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - 1532-1827. ; 86:7, s. 1078-1080
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among 4380 children born in 1987-1997 of women with a diagnosis of diabetes and alive at the age of one, 10 were registered in the Swedish Cancer Registry before the end of 1998. The odds ratio for having a childhood cancer after maternal diabetes, stratified for year of birth, maternal age, parity, multiple birth, and 500 g birth weight class was 2.25 (95%CI 1.22-4.15). Among 5842 children born during the period 1973-1997 whose mothers had other auto-immune diseases (SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn, ulcerous colitis, multiple sclerosis or thyroiditis), the number of observed childhood cancers (9) was close to that expected (8.5). Maternal diabetes but not other auto-immune diseases may be a risk factor for childhood cancer.
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| 28. |
- Wilhelmson, Lena, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Enabling Transformative Learning in the Workplace : An Educative Research Intervention
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Workplace Learning. - : SAGE Publications. - 1366-5626 .- 1758-7859. ; 13:3, s. 219-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to discuss the potential of an educative research intervention to influence the quality of the learning outcome in the workplace as interpreted from the perspectives of adult learning theory. The research project was designed as a quasi-experimental, mixed-methods study. In this article, quantitative survey data were taken as the point of departure, and qualitative data were used for the purpose of analyzing aspects of learning. An educative research intervention may support a transformative learning quality when the manager and employees have to deal with severe difficulties, and they succeed in doing so by sharing responsibilities and having the strength to engage in the development process in the workplace. It is possible to support transformative learning in the workplace through an educative research intervention that encourages managers to educate themselves and their employees to think and act in new ways, aiming at integrated autonomy, increased interaction, and learning.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Åberg, Anders E, et al.
(författare)
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Congenital malformations among infants whose mothers had gestational diabetes or preexisting diabetes
- 2001
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Ingår i: Early Human Development. - 1872-6232. ; 61:2, s. 85-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Diabetes type 1 is associated with an increased risk for infant congenital malformations. It is debated whether this is true also at gestational diabetes. AIMS: To study occurrence of congenital malformations in infants whose mothers had preexisting or gestational diabetes. STUDY DESIGN: A register study covering over 1.2 million Swedish births in 1987-1997 based on the Swedish health registries. SUBJECTS: We identified from the Medical Birth Registry 3864 infants born of women with preexisting diabetes and 8688 infants born of women with gestational diabetes. OUTCOMES MEASURES: Congenital malformations identified in the Medical Birth Registry, the Registry of Congenital Malformations, and the Hospital Discharge Registry. The rates of congenital malformations among these infants was compared with the population rates. RESULTS: At preexisting diabetes, the total malformation rate was 9.5% while the rate at gestational diabetes was similar to the population rate, 5.7%. At preexisting diabetes, certain conditions were more common than expected: orofacial clefts, cardiovascular defects, oesophageal/intestinal atresia, hypospadias, limb reduction defects, spine malformations, and polydactyly. For some of these conditions, an excess was found also for infants whose mothers had gestational diabetes. Infants with multiple malformations were in excess at preexisting diabetes but not at gestational diabetes but the specific type of malformations involved were similar in the two diabetes groups. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that in the group of gestational diabetes exists a subgroup with an increased risk for a diabetes embryopathy, perhaps due to preexisting but undetected diabetes type 2.
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| 31. |
- Åberg, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Combinatorial synthesis of labelled drugs and PET tracers : synthesis of a focused library of 11C-carbonyl-labelled acrylamides as potential biomarkers of EGFR expression
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals. - : Wiley. - 0362-4803 .- 1099-1344. ; 55:14, s. 477-483
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combinatorial synthesis is extensively used in drug development and lead optimisation. However, this approach has rarely been used for positron emission tomography because of limitations in available technologies. [11C]Carbon monoxide is amenable to combinatorial synthesis in transition-metal-catalysed reactions because it can react with a wide variety of electrophiles and nucleophiles, which opens up the possibilities for combinatorial radiochemistry. Herein, we exemplify the combinatorial approach by 11C-labelling a library of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. The selection of candidates was guided by molecular docking. Epidermal growth factor receptor is overexpressed in a variety of tumours, and it has become an important drug target. The 11C-labelling reactions were performed using four substituted vinyl iodides and three different 4-anilino-6-aminoquinazolines using a palladium-mediated reaction with [11C]carbon monoxide using a single set of reaction conditions. In total, 12 labelled acrylamide derivatives were radiolabelled and obtained in 24–61% decay-corrected radiochemical yield (from [11C]carbon monoxide). Starting from 5.6 GBq [11C]carbon monoxide, 0.85 GBq of formulated N-[4-(3-bromo-phenylamino)-quinazolin-6-yl]-acryl[11C]amide [11C]12da was obtained within 47 min from end of bombardment (specific activity of 60 GBq µmol−1). This strategy is an example of how [11C]carbon monoxide can be utilised in the labelling of libraries of drug candidates and positron emission tomography tracers for in vitro and in vivo testing.
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| 32. |
- Åberg, Ola, 1978-
(författare)
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Design and Synthesis of 11C-Labelled Compound Libraries for the Molecular Imaging of EGFr, VEGFr-2, AT1 and AT2 Receptors : Transition-Metal Mediated Carbonylations Using [11C]Carbon Monoxide
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This work deals with radiochemistry and new approaches to develop novel PET tracers labelled with the radionuclide 11C.Two methods for the synthesis of 11C-labelled acrylamides have been explored. First, [1-11C]-acrylic acid was obtained from a palladium(0)-mediated 11C-carboxylation of acetylene with [11C]carbon monoxide; this could be converted to the corresponding acyl chloride and then combined with benzylamine to form N-benzyl[carbonyl-11C]acrylamide. In the second method, the palladium(0)-mediated carbonylation of vinyl halides with [11C]carbon monoxide was explored. This latter method, yielded labelled acrylamides in a single step with retention of configuration at the C=C double bond, and required less amine compared to the acetylene method.The vinyl halide method was used to synthesize a library of 11C-labelled EGFr-inhibitors in 7-61% decay corrected radiochemical yield via a combinatorial approach. The compounds were designed to target either the active or the inactive form of EGFr, following computational docking studies.The rhodium(I)-mediated carbonylative cross-coupling of an azide and an amine was shown to be a very general reaction and was used to synthesize a library of dual VEGFr-2/PDGFrβ inhibitors that were 11C-labelled at the urea position in 38-78% dc rcy.The angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonist eprosartan was 11C-labelled at one of the carboxyl groups in one step using a palladium(0)-mediated carboxylation. Autoradiography shows specific binding in rat kidney, lung and adrenal cortex, and organ distribution shows a high accumulation in the intestines, kidneys and liver. Specific binding in frozen sections of human adrenal incidentalomas warrants further investigations of this tracer.Three angiotensin II AT2 ligands were 11C-labelled at the amide group in a palladium(0)-mediated aminocarbonylation in 16-36% dc rcy. One of the compounds was evaluated using in vitro using autoradiography, and in vivo using organ distribution and animal PET. The compound was metabolized fast and excreted via urine. High radioactivity was also found in the liver, meaning that more metabolically stable compounds are desirable for future development.
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| 33. |
- Åberg, Ola, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of [Carboxyl-11C]eprosartan
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals. - : Wiley. - 0362-4803 .- 1099-1344. ; 52:8, s. 295-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Essential hypertension occurs in approximately 25% of the adult population and one cause of hypertension is primary aldosteronism. Targeting the angiotensin II AT1 receptor using PET and an appropriate tracer may offer a diagnostic method for adrenocortical tissue. This report describes the synthesis of the selective AT1 receptor antagonist [carboxyl-11C]eprosartan 10, 4-[2-butyl-5-((E)-2-carboxy-3-thiophen-2-yl-propenyl)-imidazol-1-ylmethyl]-[carboxyl-11C]benzoic acid, and its precursor (E)-3-[2-butyl-3-(4-iodo-benzyl)-3H-imidazol-4-yl]-2-thiophen-2-ylmethyl-acrylic acid 9. 11C-carboxylation of the iodobenzyl moiety was performed using a palladium-mediated reaction with [11C]carbon monoxide in the presence of tetra-n-butyl-ammonium hydroxide in a micro-autoclave using a temperature gradient from 25 to 140°C over 5 min. After purification by semipreparative HPLC, [carboxyl-11C]eprosartan 10 was obtained in 37–54% decay-corrected radiochemical yield (from [11C]carbon monoxide) with a radiochemical purity >95% within 35 min of the end of bombardment (EOB). A 5-µAh bombardment gave 2.04 GBq of 10 (50% rcy from [11C]carbon monoxide) with a specific activity of 160 GBq µmol−1 at 34 min after EOB. Frozen-section autoradiography shows specific binding in kidney, lung and adrenal cortex. In vivo experiments in rats demonstrate a high accumulation in kidney, liver and intestinal wall.
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| 34. |
- Åberg, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and evaluation of a 11C-labelled angiotensin II AT2 receptor ligand
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals. - : Wiley. - 0362-4803 .- 1099-1344. ; 53:10, s. 616-624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three C-11-radiolabelled high-affinity nonpeptide AT(2) receptor-selective ligands were synthesized and one of these was evaluated as positron emission tomography (PET) tracer. The labelling reaction was performed via palladium(0)-mediated aminocarbonylation of the aryl iodide substrate using [C-11] carbon monoxide as the labelled precursor. As an example, starting with 10.0 GBq [C-11] carbon monoxide, 1.10 GBq of the product N-butoxycarbonyl-3-[4-(N-benzyl-[C-11] carbamoyl)phenyl]-5-isobutylthiophene-2-sulphonamide [C-11]4d was obtained in 36% decay-corrected radiochemical yield (from [C-11] carbon monoxide), 42 min from end of bombardment with a specific activity of 110 GBq.mu mol(-1). The N-isopropyl-[C-11] carbamoyl-analogue [C-11]4c (radiochemical purity >95%) was studied employing autoradiography, organ distribution, and small animal PET. In vitro autoradiography showed specific binding in the pancreas and kidney. Organ distribution in six rats revealed a high uptake in the liver, intestine, kidney, and adrenals. Small animal PET showed rapid and reversible uptake in the kidneys followed by accumulation in the urinary bladder suggesting fast renal excretion of the tracer. In addition, high accumulation was also seen in the liver. For future studies, more metabolically stable tracers will need to be developed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt of the use of PET imaging for the detection of expressed, fully functional AT(2) receptors in living subjects.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Åberg, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of substituted [C-11]ureas and [C-11]sulphonylureas by Rh(I)-mediated carbonylation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals. - : Wiley. - 0362-4803 .- 1099-1344. ; 54:1, s. 38-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The urea moiety is present in many biologically active compounds and thus an attractive target for C-11-labelling. To extend the scope of the rhodium(I)-mediated carbonylative cross-coupling reaction between an azide and an amine and investigate its tolerance for functional groups, we have synthesized eight ureas and two sulphonylureas that were C-11-labelled in the carbonyl position. The decay-corrected analytical radiochemical yields were in the range of 14-96% (from [C-11] carbon monoxide). For example: starting from 1.33 GBq [C-11] carbon monoxide, 0.237 GBq (66%) of the cytotoxic sulphonylurea [C-11] LY-181984 11 was isolated within 60 min from end of bombardment. The mild reaction conditions and generality regarding functional groups of this method make it an attractive alternative to the [C-11] phosgene method for the synthesis of C-11-labelled ureas.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Åteg, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Tasks in the generative leadership : Creating conditions for autonomy and integration
- 2009
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Ingår i: Researching Work and Learning 6. - Roskilde.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The paper focuses competences needed in order for first line managers to pursue a leadership practice called generative leadership. Work organisations where employees are required to autonomously and in work groups make decisions, take responsibilities and interact in multiple directions, raises demands on managers to have competence to organise for integrated autonomy, communication and border crossing, and to enhance group creativity and work attractivity. These competencies identified so far include being able to enable group interaction, foster dialogue competence, enable utilization of language ambiguities, encourage transparency, and organise for job embeddedness.
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| 40. |
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