| 1. |
- Gustafsson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Mice with established airway inflammation exert differential cellular responses to inhaled hematite nanoparticles than healthy mice
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the inflammatory and immunological responses in the airways and the lung-draining lymph nodes, following lung exposure to hematite nanoparticles (NPs). The responses to hematite NPs were evaluated in both non-sensitized healthy mice, and allergen-sensitized mice, in which the latter represent a group of sensitive individuals with allergic airway disease. This allergic airway disease was induced by sensitization and aerosol challenge to a respiratory allergen resulting in an established eosinophilic and lymphocytic airway inflammation at the time of NP exposure. The mice received either hematite NPs or vehicle (PBS) intratracheally and the cellular responses were evaluated on day 1, 2, and 7, following exposure.Intratracheal instillation of hematite NPs induced an increase of neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes in the airways of non-sensitized mice on day 1 and 2 following exposure. At these time-points the lymphocytes in the lymph nodes were also increased. In contrast, exposure to hematite NPs in sensitized mice induced a rapid and unspecific cellular reduction in the alveolar space on the first day after exposure. A similar decrease of lymphocytes was also observed in the mediastinal lymph nodes draining the airways. The study did not indicate a reduction of inflammatory cells in the lung tissue or a translocation of cells from alveolar space to lung tissue. Although, mucociliary cellular clearance could be a possible explanation, our finding of cellular decrease also in lung draining lymph nodes point at cell death as the most likely cause to this unspecific cellular reduction.The results indicate that cells in the airways and lymph nodes of individuals with established airway inflammation undergo cell death when exposed to iron oxide NPs. A possible reason to the toxic response is extensive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pro-oxidative environment of inflamed airways, which is further catalyzed by Fe ions released by the hematite NPs, or by generation of ROS at the surface of the NPs. Such cell toxic response was not detected in healthy non-sensitized individuals. This study clearly demonstrates the different response of sensitized and non-sensitized mice, and highlights the importance of including individuals with respiratory disorders, such as allergic asthma, when evaluating health effects of inhaled nanomaterials.
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| 2. |
- Ahlberg, Mona, 1966-
(författare)
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Being cared for in an Intensive Care Unit – family functioning and support
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- When COVID-19 came as an uninvited guest into our everyday lives, nursing in intensive care was affected and thus the studies contain data from both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Before the pandemic, most intensive care units, which care for patients with critical illness in a technical setting, allowed family members to visit the patient 24 hours a day. The intensive care unit is a stressful and frightening environment for both the patient and their family. They can be affected both mentally and physically, showing symptoms such as difficulty sleeping, stress and depression. The intensive cared patient often does not remember anything from the time they were cared for in the intensive care unit, and the family needs to explain and recount this unconscious time. During the pandemic, this changed, with restrictions and limited opportunities to visit the hospital and patient due to virus outbreaks. Family members received information about the patient's medical condition by phone from a physician. The overall aim of this thesis was to explore and conceptualise the family functioning of families with a family member treated in the intensive care unit. There was also an intention to describe and evaluate how an intervention affects the family and individual family members in families where a family member received intensive care.In these studies, qualitative, quantitative, as well as mixed methods were utilised. Participants were adult intensive cared patients from seven intensive care clinics, and their families. The results examined between families are based on the patient and family characteristics. The results from study I show that families who have experienced COVID-19 and with a family member who was cared for in an intensive care unit, have existential thoughts. Study II shows no major impact on family function between families, but the answers differ within the families who experienced intensive care. In study III, concerning families experiencing intensive care and attending family health conversations, there was an awareness of family function. The conversations brought the family closer together, through improved understanding of each other. In study IV family functioning, hope and sense of coherence were com-pared among the participants in two intervention groups: Family health conversations and support group conversations. Family functioning and hope were higher in the group that participated in the family health conversations and comprehensibility, meaningfulness and vitality were higher among the participants in the support group conversation. By exploring how family function affects the individual family member and the family as a unit during critical illness and intensive care, new ways of working can be strengthened in the care of patients and their families.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Egil, et al.
(författare)
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Single-photon core-valence double ionization of molecular oxygen
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 78, s. 023409-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single-photon core-valence double ionization of molecular oxygen has been studied using a magnetic bottle time-of-flight electron coincidence spectrometer. The K-1V-1 double ionization electron spectrum of O-2 is reported and is assigned with the aid of ab initio calculations. A direct comparison of the core-valence double ionization electron spectra with the conventional valence band photoelectron spectrum is made. The lowest core-valence double ionization energy is found to be 571.6 eV and is associated with a (3)Pi dicationic state.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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En etnologisk odyssé till Budapest
- 2001
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Ingår i: FU-Mummel, vt -2001. Etnologiska Institutionen, Göteborgs universitet.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Arslan, Alan A, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating vitamin d and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of oncology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-8450 .- 1687-8469. ; 2009, s. 672492-672500
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted a nested case-control study within two prospective cohorts, the New York University Women's Health Study and the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, to examine the association between prediagnostic circulating levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and the risk of subsequent invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The 25(OH)D levels were measured in serum or plasma from 170 incident cases of EOC and 373 matched controls. Overall, circulating 25(OH)D levels were not associated with the risk of EOC in combined cohort analysis: adjusted OR for the top tertile versus the reference tertile, 1.09 (95% CI, 0.59-2.01). In addition, there was no evidence of an interaction effect between VDR SNP genotype or haplotype and circulating 25(OH)D levels in relation to ovarian cancer risk, although more complex gene-environment interactions may exist.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Bolmsvik, Åsa, 1975-
(författare)
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Structural-acoustic vibrations in wooden assemblies : Experimental modal analysis and finite element modelling
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This doctoral thesis concerns flanking transmission in light weight, wooden multi-storey buildings within the low frequency, primarily 20-120 Hz. The overall aim is to investigate how the finite element method can contribute in the design phase to evaluate different junctions regarding flanking transmission.Two field measurements of accelerations in light weight wooden buildings have been evaluated. In these, two sources; a stepping machine, and an electrodynamic shaker, were used. The shaker was shown to give more detailed information. However, since a light weight structure in field exhibit energy losses to surrounding building parts, reliable damping estimates were difficult to obtain.In addition, two laboratory measurements were made. These were evaluated using experimental modal analysis, giving the eigenmodes and the damping of the structures. The damping for these particular structures varies significantly with frequency, especially when an elastomer is used in the floor-wall junction. The overall damping is also higher when elastomers are used in the floor-wall junction in comparison to a screwed junction. By analysing the eigenmodes, using the modal assurance criterion, of the same structure with two types of junctions it was concluded that the modes become significantly different. Thereby the overall behavior differs.Several finite element models representing both the field and laboratory test setups have been made. The junctions between the building blocks in the models have been modeled using tie or springs and dashpots. Visual observation and the modal assurance criterion show that there is more rotational stiffness in the test structures than in the models.The findings in this doctoral thesis add understanding to how modern joints in wooden constructions can be represented by FE modelling. They will contribute in developing FE models that can be used to see the acoustic effects prior to building an entire house. However, further research is still needed.
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| 10. |
- Brinne Roos, Johanna, 1976-
(författare)
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Electron Recombination with Small Molecular Ions
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis I have theoretically studied electron recombination processes with small molecular ions. In these kind of processes resonant states are involved. To calculate the potential energy for these states as a function of internuclear distance, structure calculations and scattering calculations have to be performed. So far I have been studying the ion-pair formation with in electron recombination with H3+. The cross section for this process has been calculated using different kind of models, both a time dependent quantum mechanical and a semiclassical. I have also studied the direct process of dissociative recombination of HF+. To calculate the total cross section for this process, we have performed wave packet propagation on thirty resonant states and summed up the individual cross sections for these states. The cross sections for both these processes have a similar appearance to those measured experimentally in the ion storage ring CRYRING in Stockholm.
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| 11. |
- Ecke, Frauke, et al.
(författare)
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Sublethal Lead Exposure Alters Movement Behavior in Free-Ranging Golden Eagles
- 2017
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 51:10, s. 5729-5736
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lead poisoning of animals due to ingestion of fragments from lead-based ammunition in carcasses and offal of shot wildlife is acknowledged globally and raises great concerns about potential behavioral effects leading to increased mortality risks. Lead levels in blood were correlated with progress of the moose hunting season. Based on analyses of tracking data, we found that even sublethal lead concentrations in blood (25 ppb, wet weight), can likely negatively affect movement behavior (flight height and movement rate) of free ranging scavenging Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos). Lead levels in liver of recovered post-mortem analyzed eagles suggested that sublethal exposure increases the risk of mortality in eagles. Such adverse effects on animals are probably common worldwide and across species, where game hunting with lead-based ammunition is widespread. Our study highlights lead exposure as a considerably more serious threat to wildlife conservation than previously realized and suggests implementation of bans of lead ammunition for hunting.
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| 12. |
- Einarsdottir, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Linkage but not association of calpain-10 to type 2 diabetes replicated in northern Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 55:6, s. 1879-1883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present data from a genome-wide scan identifying genetic factors conferring susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. The linkage analysis was based on 59 families from northern Sweden, consisting of a total of 129 cases of type 2 diabetes and 19 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. Model-free linkage analysis revealed a maximum multipoint logarithm of odds score of 3.19 for D2S2987 at 267.7 cM (P = 0.00058), suggesting that a gene conferring susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in the northern Swedish population resides in the 2q37 region. These data replicate, in a European population, previously identified linkage of marker loci in this region to type 2 diabetes in Mexican Americans. In contrast, no evidence in support of association to the previously identified single nucleotide polymorphisms in the calpain-10 gene was observed in a case-control cohort derived from the same population.
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| 13. |
- Fahlman, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Wild boar behaviour during live-trap capture in a corral-style trap : implications for animal welfare
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-605X .- 1751-0147. ; 62:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundWildlife traps are used in many countries without evaluation of their effect on animal welfare. Trap-capture of wild animals should minimise negative effects on animal welfare, irrespective of whether the animals are trapped for hunting, research, or management purposes. Live-trap capture of wild boar (Sus scrofa) followed by killing inside the trap by gunshot is a recently introduced but disputed hunting method in Sweden. Approval of trap constructions is based on gross necropsy findings of 20 trapped and shot wild boars. For improved animal welfare evaluation, our aim was to study wild boar behaviour during live-trapping in a 16 m2 square corral-style trap. Behavioural assessments were conducted after filming 12 capture events of in total 38 wild boars (five adults, 20 subadults, 13 piglets). Selected behavioural traits were compared with pathological changes (trap-related lesions) found at necropsy of the 20 subadults, to determine if these variables were useful proxies of capture-induced stress in wild boar.ResultsThe wild boars spent less time resting in the evening than in the night and morning. Using Friedman’s ANOVA, there was an overall difference in the time spent foraging. However, we only found a difference between the evening and morning in the Wilcoxon matched pairs test after the Sequential Bonferroni correction, where the wild boars spent more time foraging in the evening than in the morning. Single captured individuals showed more escape behaviours and reacted more strongly to external stimuli than individuals captured in a group. It was more common for animals to charge against the mesh walls of the trap upon human approach compared to upon initial capture when the trap door closed. Trap-related pathological findings due to trauma were documented in 13 of the 20 subadults that were necropsied. Behavioural alterations indicative of capture-induced stress (e.g. charging into the trap walls) were documented in trapped wild boars with no or minor physical injuries (e.g. skin abrasions, subcutaneous haemorrhage).ConclusionsBehavioural assessment provided valuable information for determination of capture-induced stress in wild boar when evaluating live-trapping in a corral-style trap, whereas pathological evaluation through necropsy did not fully reflect the animal welfare aspects of live-trapping. We emphasize the inclusion of species-specific behavioural data assessment for evaluation of capture-related stress during live-trapping and for testing of new trap constructions before approval.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Freisling, Heinz, et al.
(författare)
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Region-Specific Nutrient Intake Patterns Exhibit a Geographical Gradient within and between European Countries
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 1541-6100 .- 0022-3166. ; 140:7, s. 1280-1286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Until recently, the study of nutrient patterns was hampered at an international level by a lack of standardization of both dietary methods and nutrient databases. We aimed to describe the diversity of nutrient patterns in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study at population level as a starting point for future nutrient pattern analyses and their associations with chronic diseases in multi-center studies. In this cross-sectional study, 36,034 persons aged 35-74 y were administered a single, standardized 24-h dietary recall. Intake of 25 nutrients (excluding intake from dietary supplements) was estimated using a standardized nutrient database. We used a graphic presentation of mean nutrient intakes by region and sex relative to the overall EPIC means to contrast patterns within and between 10 European countries. In Mediterranean regions, including Greece, Italy, and the southern centers of Spain, the nutrient pattern was dominated by relatively high intakes of vitamin E and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), whereas intakes of retinol and vitamin D were relatively low. In contrast, in Nordic countries, including Norway, Sweden, and Denmark, reported intake of these same nutrients resulted in almost the opposite pattern. Population groups in Germany, The Netherlands, and the UK shared a fatty acid pattern of relatively high intakes of PUFA and SFA and relatively low intakes of MUFA, in combination with a relatively high intake of sugar. We confirmed large variability in nutrient intakes across the EPIC study populations and identified 3 main region-specific patterns with a geographical gradient within and between European countries. J. Nutr. 140: 1280-1286, 2010.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Israelsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors in relation to gender
- 2017
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 114, s. 27-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To describe health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) survivors in relation to gender.METHODS: This national register study consists of data from follow-up registration of IHCA survivors 3-6 months post cardiac arrest (CA) in Sweden. A questionnaire was sent to the survivors, including measurements of health status (EQ-5D-5L) and psychological distress (HADS).RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2015, 594 IHCA survivors were included in the study. The median values for EQ-5D-5L index and EQ VAS among survivors were 0.78 (q1-q3=0.67-0.86) and 70 (q1-q3=50-80) respectively. The values were significantly lower (p<0.001) in women compared to men. In addition, women reported more problems than men in all dimensions of EQ-5D-5L, except self-care. A majority of the respondents reported no problems with anxiety (85.4%) and/or symptoms of depression (87.0%). Women reported significantly more problems with anxiety (p<0.001) and symptoms of depression (p<0.001) compared to men. Gender was significantly associated with poorer health status and more psychological distress. No interaction effects for gender and age were found.CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of survivors reported acceptable health status and no psychological distress, a substantial proportion reported severe problems. Women reported worse health status and more psychological distress compared to men. Therefore, a higher proportion of women may be in need of support. Health care professionals should make efforts to identify health problems among survivors and offer individualised support when needed.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Klintbjer, Piroska, et al.
(författare)
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On the development of the child's ability to identify affective state from the prosodic features of adult speech
- 1984
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The ability to judge emotional states (anger, surprise, sadness and happiness) from the non- verbal components of speech was studied in 169 children aged from 4 to 10 years (20- 43 children per group, one group for each year of age except 9) in Uppsala, Sweden . 19 adults were used as a control group. The stimulus material consisted of speech samples, in which a male and a female actor had been instructed to portray the indicated emotional states.In general, the ability to make correct judgements increased with increased age. This was especially the case with the recognition of "surprise", "sadness" and "happiness", for which emotions increasing improvements were seen up to t he age of 8, where the ability was close to that of the adult controls. The ability to recognise an angry voice appeared to be well developed already at the age of 4.The most difficult item was the male voice portraying "happiness", where the children did not show and increase in their scores until the age of 8. Girls were found to have a more developed ability to identify the expressed emotions in all age groups.In most cases where erroneous judgements were made, the male voice was judged to be angry and the female to be sad, irrespective of intended emotion and of the sex of the child.
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| 22. |
- Kurbasic, Azra, et al.
(författare)
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Gene-Lifestyle Interactions in Complex Diseases : Design and Description of the GLACIER and VIKING Studies
- 2014
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Ingår i: Current nutrition reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2161-3311. ; 3:4, s. 400-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most complex diseases have well-established genetic and non-genetic risk factors. In some instances, these risk factors are likely to interact, whereby their joint effects convey a level of risk that is either significantly more or less than the sum of these risks. Characterizing these gene-environment interactions may help elucidate the biology of complex diseases, as well as to guide strategies for their targeted prevention. In most cases, the detection of gene-environment interactions will require sample sizes in excess of those needed to detect the marginal effects of the genetic and environmental risk factors. Although many consortia have been formed, comprising multiple diverse cohorts to detect gene-environment interactions, few robust examples of such interactions have been discovered. This may be because combining data across studies, usually through meta-analysis of summary data from the contributing cohorts, is often a statistically inefficient approach for the detection of gene-environment interactions. Ideally, single, very large and well-genotyped prospective cohorts, with validated measures of environmental risk factor and disease outcomes should be used to study interactions. The presence of strong founder effects within those cohorts might further strengthen the capacity to detect novel genetic effects and gene-environment interactions. Access to accurate genealogical data would also aid in studying the diploid nature of the human genome, such as genomic imprinting (parent-of-origin effects). Here we describe two studies from northern Sweden (the GLACIER and VIKING studies) that fulfill these characteristics.
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| 23. |
- Mayans, Sofia, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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TCF7L2 polymorphisms are associated with type 2 diabetes in northern Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Journal of Human Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1018-4813 .- 1476-5438. ; 15:3, s. 342-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A recent study found association of one microsatellite and five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 3 of the TCF7L2 gene with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Icelandic, Danish and American populations. The aim of the present study was to investigate if those SNPs were associated to T2D in two (family- and population-based) cohorts from northern Sweden. We genotyped four of the associated SNPs in a case-control cohort consisting of 872 T2D cases and 857 controls matched with respect to age, sex and geographical origin and in a sample of 59 extended families (148 affected and 83 unaffected individuals). Here, we report replication of association between T2D and three SNPs in the case-control (rs7901695, P=0.003; rs7901346, P=0.00002; and rs12255372, P=0.000004) and two SNPs in the family-based (rs7901695, P=0.01 and rs7901346, P=0.04) samples from northern Sweden. This replication strengthens the evidence for involvement of TCF7L2 in T2D.
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| 24. |
- Michelgård Palmquist, Åsa, 1973-
(författare)
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Studies in Anxiety Disorders
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Anxiety disorders are very common and the primary feature is abnormal or inappropriate anxiety. Fear and anxiety is often mediated by the amygdala, a brain structure rich in substance P (SP) and neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors. To learn more about how the human amygdala is modulated by fear and anxiety in event-triggered anxiety disorders and to investigate if the SP/NK1 receptor system is affected, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) ([15O]-water; Study I and II) and the SP/NK1 receptor system ([11C]GR205171; Study III and IV) were studied with positron emission tomography (PET). In Study I we investigated the neural correlates of affective startle modulation in persons with specific phobia by measuring rCBF during exposure to fearful and non-fearful pictures, paired and unpaired with acoustic startle stimuli. Fear-potentiated startle was associated with activation of the affective part of the anterior cingulate cortex and the left amygdaloid–hippocampal area. In Study II short-term drug treatment effects on rCBF in patients diagnosed with social phobia was evaluated, comparing the NK1 receptor antagonist GR205171 to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram and placebo. Social anxiety and neural activity in the medial temporal lobe including the amygdala was significantly reduced by both drugs but not placebo. In Study III we investigated if activity in the SP/NK1 receptor system in the amygdala would be affected by fear provocation in individuals with specific snake or spider phobia. Fear provocation was associated with a decreased uptake of the NK1 antagonist [11C]GR205171 in the amygdala, possibly explained by an increase in endogenous SP release occupying the NK1 receptors. Study IV was conducted to explore the resting state NK1 receptor availability in PTSD patients as compared to healthy controls. Increased resting state binding of the tracer [11C]GR205171 in the amygdala of patients with PTSD suggested an increased amount of available receptors. In summary, fear and fear-potentiated startle modulates the human amygdala, possibly through the SP/NK1 receptor system.
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| 25. |
- Nilsson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Modellering av råvaruflödet i skogliga värdekedjor, inklusive råvaruegenskaper och hållbarhetsaspekter
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta är en delrapport från programmet Mistra Digital Forest. Rapporten beskriver den inledande utvecklingen av verktyget BioMapp. Vidare beskrivs vilka digitala data som kan användas som indata för att driva simuleringar med verktyget samt hur den fortsatta utvecklingen planeras inom Mistra Digital Forest. BioMapp är tänkt att användas för att bidra till en ökad förståelse av hur den skogliga råvaran fördelas på olika produktgrupper, samt för att beräkna ett antal hållbarhetsindikatorer för varje steg i förädlingsprocessen. Dessutom ska BioMapp kunna visualisera och beräkna effekter av ändrade strategier i råvaruförsörjningen, tex om flödet av skogsråvara styrs till industrikunden baserat på ved- och fiberegenskaper i högre grad än i dag.
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| 26. |
- Opedal, Øystein H., et al.
(författare)
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Evolvability and trait function predict phenotypic divergence of plant populations
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 120:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the causes and limits of population divergence in phenotypic traits is a fundamental aim of evolutionary biology, with the potential to yield predictions of adaptation to environmental change. Reciprocal transplant experiments and the evaluation of optimality models suggest that local adaptation is common but not universal, and some studies suggest that trait divergence is highly constrained by genetic variances and covariances of complex phenotypes. We analyze a large database of population divergence in plants and evaluate whether evolutionary divergence scales positively with standing genetic variation within populations (evolvability), as expected if genetic constraints are evolutionarily important. We further evaluate differences in divergence and evolvability- divergence relationships between reproductive and vegetative traits and between selfing, mixed-mating, and outcrossing species, as these factors are expected to influence both patterns of selection and evolutionary potentials. Evolutionary divergence scaled positively with evolvability. Furthermore, trait divergence was greater for vegetative traits than for floral (reproductive) traits, but largely independent of the mating system. Jointly, these factors explained -40% of the variance in evolutionary divergence. The consistency of the evolvability-divergence relationships across diverse species suggests substantial predictability of trait divergence. The results are also consistent with genetic constraints playing a role in evolutionary divergence.
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| 27. |
- Paucar, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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V374A KCND3 Pathogenic Variant Associated With Paroxysmal Ataxia Exacerbations
- 2021
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Ingår i: Neurology Genetics. - : American Academy of Neurology. - 2376-7839. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Ataxia channelopathies share common features such as slow motor progression and variable degrees of cognitive dysfunction. Mutations in potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3 (KCND3), encoding the K+ channel, Kv4.3, are associated with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) 19, allelic with SCA22. Mutations in potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 3 (KCNC3), encoding another K+ channel, Kv3.3, cause SCA13. First, a comprehensive phenotype assessment was carried out in a family with autosomal dominant ataxia harboring 2 genetic variants in KCNC3 and KCND3. To evaluate the physiological impact of these variants on channel currents, in vitro studies were performed.Methods: Clinical and psychometric evaluations, neuroimaging, and genotyping of a family (mother and son) affected by ataxia were carried out. Heterozygous and homozygous Kv3.3 A671V and Kv4.3 V374A variants were evaluated in Xenopus laevis oocytes using 2-electrode voltage-clamp. The influence of Kv4 conductance on neuronal activity was investigated computationally using a Purkinje neuron model.Results: The main clinical findings were consistent with adult-onset ataxia with cognitive dysfunction and acetazolamide-responsive paroxysmal motor exacerbations in the index case. Despite cognitive deficits, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET displayed hypometabolism mainly in the severely atrophic cerebellum. Genetic analyses revealed the new variant c.1121T>C (V374A) in KCND3 and c.2012T>C (A671V) in KCNC3. In vitro electrophysiology experiments on Xenopus oocytes demonstrated that the V374A mutant was nonfunctional when expressed on its own. Upon equal co-expression of wild-type (WT) and V374A channel subunits, Kv4.3 currents were significantly reduced in a dominant negative manner, without alterations of the gating properties of the channel. By contrast, Kv3.3 A671V, when expressed alone, exhibited moderately reduced currents compared with WT, with no effects on channel activation or inactivation. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated adequate cell membrane translocation of the Kv4.3 V374A variant, thus suggesting an impairment of channel function, rather than of expression. Computational modeling predicted an increased Purkinje neuron firing frequency upon reduced Kv4.3 conductance.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that Kv4.3 V374A is likely pathogenic and associated with paroxysmal ataxia exacerbations, a new trait for SCA19/22. The present FDG PET findings contrast with a previous study demonstrating widespread brain hypometabolism in SCA19/22.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Persson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Straffrätt
- 2017
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Ingår i: Svensk juridik. - Stockholm : Wolters Kluwer. - 9789139207900 ; , s. 565-624
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Svensk juridik är en grundläggande lärobok i juridik där författarna på ett modernt, pedagogiskt och överskådligt sätt beskriver stora delar av det svenska rättssystemet. Boken går förhållandevis djupt för att vara en grundläggande lärobok, samtidigt som författarna lagt ner mycket arbete på att anpassa texten till modernt språkbruk. En mängd exempel och förklarande skisser gör det komplicerade mer lättillgängligt. Författarnas ambition är inte endast att läsaren ska få förståelse för juridiken utan även vinna insikt om hur juridiken används och fungerar i praktiken.
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| 30. |
- Persson, Mats, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Svensk juridik
- 2023
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Svensk juridik en grundläggande lärobok i juridik där författarna på ett modernt, pedagogiskt och överskådligt sätt beskriver stora delar av det svenska rättssystemet. Boken går förhållandevis djupt för att vara en grundläggande lärobok, samtidigt som författarna lagt ner mycket arbete på att anpassa texten till modernt språkbruk. En mängd exempel och förklarande skisser gör det komplicerade mer lättillgängligt. Författarnas ambition är inte endast att läsaren ska få förståelse för juridiken utan även vinna insikt om hur juridiken används och fungerar i praktiken.
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| 31. |
- Persson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Svensk juridik
- 2017
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Svensk juridik är en grundläggande lärobok i juridik där författarna på ett modernt, pedagogiskt och överskådligt sätt beskriver stora delar av det svenska rättssystemet. Boken går förhållandevis djupt för att vara en grundläggande lärobok, samtidigt som författarna lagt ner mycket arbete på att anpassa texten till modernt språkbruk. En mängd exempel och förklarande skisser gör det komplicerade mer lättillgängligt. Författarnas ambition är inte endast att läsaren ska få förståelse för juridiken utan även vinna insikt om hur juridiken används och fungerar i praktiken.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Tedeschi, Rosamaria, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (HHV8) in Västerbotten county, Sweden.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - New York : Alan R. Liss. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 78:3, s. 372-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A population-based serosurvey of Human Herpesvirus type 8 (HHV8) in Västerbotten county, an area of Northern Sweden with high incidence of Kaposi's Sarcoma, was conducted. Serum samples from an age- and sex-stratified random sample of 520 subjects (260 men and 260 women) participating in a population-based biobanking project were tested for antibodies against HHV8, using a sensitive indirect immunofluorescence assay to latent and lytic HHV8 antigens. Buffy coat DNA was also analyzed for viral DNA using real time PCR assay. HHV8 DNA was not detectable in any one of the buffy coat samples. Eighty-four subjects (16.2%) were HHV8 seropositive, 14.4% for the lytic HHV8 antigen, and 1.7% for the latent HHV8 antigen. HHV8 seroprevalences were not associated significantly with sex or age. HHV8 seropositivity was more common among smokers (OR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.02–3.75), but was less common among consumers of wine and spirits (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.25–0.77 and OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.26–0.95, respectively). In summary, HHV8 has an intermediate high and stable seroprevalence rate in Northern Sweden, but environmental determinants that can explain the viral distribution were not found. J. Med. Virol. 78:372–378, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Ågren, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Flanking transmission in light weight timber houses with elastic flanking isolators
- 2012
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Ingår i: 41st International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, INTER-NOISE 2012. - : AtlasBooks / Institute of Noise Control Engineerin. ; , s. 2289-2300, s. 2289-2300
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a strong trend to industrially produce multi-storey light weight timber based houses. This concept allows the buildings to be manufactured to a more or less prefabricated extent. Most common types are volume/room modules or flat wall and floor modules. When assembling the modules at the building site, elastomer isolators are used in several constructions to reduce flanking transmission. The sound insulation demands in the Nordic countries are relatively high and therefore the flanking transmission must be well controlled, elastomer isolators is one choice. Decoupled radiation isolated walls is another. There are though no working studies or mathematical models of the performance of these isolators. They are only treated as simple mass-springs systems that operate vertically. In this paper there is a first approach of an analysis of the structure borne sound isolating performance of elastomer isolators that are separating floors and walls. The performance dependence of structure type is also presented. An empirically based regression model of the insertion loss is derived. The model will be based on measurements of more than ten field installations. In this paper the first three are presented. A goal is that the model can be used for input in future SEN prediction models for modeling of sound insulation.
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| 40. |
- Ågren, Jack, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Straffrätt
- 2019
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Ingår i: Rättsfallssamling för Svensk juridik. - Stockholm : Norstedts Juridik AB. - 9789139208945 ; , s. 187-205
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 41. |
- Ågren, Jack, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Straffrätt
- 2019
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Ingår i: Övningsbok för Svensk juridik. - Stockholm : Norstedts Juridik AB. - 9789139208938 ; , s. 209-220
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 42. |
- Ågren, Jack, et al.
(författare)
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Straffrätt
- 2019
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Ingår i: Rättsfallssamling för Svensk juridik. - Stockholm : Norstedts Juridik AB. - 9789139208945 ; , s. 187-205
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 43. |
- Ågren, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2001
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Ingår i: Guises of Power. - Uppsala : Historiska institutionen, Uppsala universitet. - 9150614231 ; , s. 5-10
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 44. |
- Ågren, Åsa, 1982-
(författare)
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Rimlighetsavvägningens rationalitet : Om mötet mellan ekonomi och miljö i domstolsprövningar
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In environmental cases, The Swedish Land and Environmental courts have not only to consider environmental interests but also economic interests. The overall aim is to achieve both a good environment and maintain an industry that generates jobs and contributes to welfare. The dissertation focuses on the intersection between environmental interests and economic ones in legal decision-making, especially in relation to how the Proportionality principle contained in Chapter 2, Section 7 of the Environmental Code is applied. The principle states that general rules of consideration (including the precautionary principle) must be reasonable. For example, the precautionary principle should be both environmentally justifiable and financially reasonable when the principle is applied. The dissertation examines the legal balancing of interests, between economic and environmental interests, applying the concept of rationality. The concept of rationality is the core of the theoretical elements of the study, more precisely how Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer perceive rationality in Dialectic of Enlightenment. According to Adorno and Horkheimer, instrumental rationality is dominating. Although, rationality often legitimizes legal proceedings there has been little interest in how rational actions influence the results of legal processes. The dissertation questions the neutrality of the concept of rationality. A rational action may have an impact on court decisions. A main finding is the relation between instrumental rationality and economic actions. When judges are trying to be rational, they will favor economic interests. There is a bias towards economic interests in the underlying structure of the decision-making process. This has an impact on the way in which legal interests – specifically those between environmental interests and economic interests – are balanced. Legal decision-making is better suited for economic models than environmental processes.
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| 45. |
- Åhlman, Christoffer, 1983-
(författare)
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Mötet med det skrivna ordet : Kvinnors läsande och skrivande under 1700-talet
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis study how women in 18th century Sweden used reading and writing and how these skills could be a source of income. Historians have studied how many could read during this period or how writing was taught in the parish school. How these skills were used have, however, been overlooked. The main questions are: How, and in which circumstances, did women use reading and writing? Who were these women? What type of return did reading and writing have?To study how literacy was used is not without difficulty. The traces are often scattered in different types of source material. Several types of sources material have therefore been analyzed. Material like moving certificates, funeral sermons, personals, account books, verifications, church protocols, contracts, court records, recipes amongst others have been used.This thesis shows that women used reading and writing in different ways. There were not a question of one type of literacy but different types of literacies – it depended on the situation. A writing ability that was limited in one situation could be sufficient in another. By focus on social practice, this thesis argues that women´s reading and writing could have different types of return depending on individual and situation.
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