| 1. |
- Andersson, Eva M., 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer incidence in Swedish oil refinery workers exposed to benzene
- 2024
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. - : Elsevier. - 1438-4639 .- 1618-131X. ; 261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Oil refinery workers are exposed to benzene, which is a well-known cause of leukaemia, but results on leukaemia in oil refinery workers have been mixed, and the data on workers ' exposure is limited. Oil refinery workers are also exposed to asbestos and several studies have shown increased risk of mesothelioma. Aim: The objective was to investigate cancer incidence, especially leukaemia, at low to moderate exposure to benzene in an update of a previous study of employees at three Swedish oil refineries. Methods: Cancer incidence was followed up in 2264 men (1548 refinery operators) employed at three oil refineries in Sweden for at least one year. Job types and employment times were collected from complete company files. A retrospective assessment of the benzene exposure was performed by occupational hygienists in collaboration with the refineries using historic measurements as well as detailed information on changes in the industrial hygiene and technological developments. Cases of cancer were retrieved by a linkage with the Swedish Cancer Register through 35 -47 years of follow-up and standardized incidence ratios (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results: In total, 258 tumors had occurred versus 240 expected (SIR 1.07; 95% CI 0.95 -1.21). There were 10 cases of leukaemia, all in refinery operators (SIR 2.4; 95% CI 1.18 -4.51). There were three cases of pleural mesothelioma, two of which in refinery operators. The mean estimated cumulative benzene exposure for the cases of leukaemia was 7.9 ppm-years (median 4.9, range 0.1 -31.1). Discussion: The study suggests that low to moderate average cumulative benzene exposure increases the risk of leukaemia. Limitations include the modest number of cases and potential misclassification of exposure. Conclusion: The present study indicated an increased risk of leukaemia in male oil refinery workers with low to moderate exposure to benzene.
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| 2. |
- Asplund, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Nocturia in relation to somatic health, mental health and pain in adult men and women
- 2005
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Ingår i: BJU International. - 1464-4096 .- 1464-410X. ; 95:6, s. 816-819
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship of nocturia to somatic health, mental health and bodily pain. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A randomly selected group of men and women aged 20-64 years, living in three small municipalities in northern Sweden, or in the city of Ostersund or in Stockholm, were sent a postal questionnaire containing questions on somatic and mental health, satisfaction with life, pain, nocturnal voiding, work and sick-listing from work. RESULTS: Reports (from 1948 respondents) on poor somatic and mental health and on pain all increased in parallel with increasing frequency of nocturnal voids. In a multiple logistic regression analysis with sex, age, somatic health, mental health and bodily pain as the independent variables, significant independent correlates (odds ratios, confidence intervals) of nocturnal micturition (two or more episodes vs none or one) were: age 45-59 vs 20-44 years, 1.9 (1.3-2.7), > or =60 vs 20-44 years, 3.8 (2.4-6.0); somatic health, poor vs good, 2.3 (1.4-3.7); mental health, poor vs good, 1.9 (1.2-3.0); pain, rather mild vs very mild or none, 1.5 (1.0-2.3); rather severe vs very mild or none, 1.9 (1.1-3.2); and very severe vs very mild or none, 6.0 (2.5-14.0). Gender was deleted by the logistic model. Sick-listing for > or = 60 days during the past year was reported by 4.9%, 10.6%, 5.6% and 38.9% of the men with none, one, two or > or = three nocturnal voids, respectively, and by 10%, 12.4%, 23% and 46.7% (both P < 0.001) of the corresponding women, respectively. Life satisfaction decreased in parallel with increased nocturia. CONCLUSION: The impairment of both somatic and mental health was associated with increased nocturnal voiding. Pain was associated with a substantial increase in nocturia after adjusting for age and somatic and mental health. Sick-leave was more common in association with more nocturnal voids.
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| 3. |
- Asplund, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Place of residence as a correlate of sickness absence in Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. - 0342-5282 .- 1473-5660. ; 30:2, s. 147-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A postal questionnaire was sent to 1500 randomly selected men and women aged 20-64 years living in three sparsely populated municipalities in northern Sweden with high rates of sickness absence, and to 1000 corresponding inhabitants in the Swedish capital Stockholm with a low rate of sickness absence. The proportion of participants aged >or=45 years was higher and incomes were lower in municipalities with high rates of sickness absence. In multiple logistic regression analyses with age, education, income, somatic health, mental health, pain and place of residence as independent variables, significant correlates of sick listing in men were: age >or=45 years (odds ratio 5.0; 95% confidence interval 2.4-10.3), poor somatic health (5.4; 2.6-11.0) and severe musculoskeletal pain (4.7; 2.4-9.1); and in women: age >or=45 years (2.6; 1.5-4.8), poor somatic health (12.2; 6.1-24.4), poor mental health (4.5; 2.0-10.1) and severe musculoskeletal pain (5.4; 2.7-10.5). Mental health was deleted by the logistic model for men, and income, education and place of residence for both sexes. We conclude that no support was found for the assumption that factors attributable to place of residence could explain the regional differences in sickness absence.
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| 4. |
- Asplund, Ragnar, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep in relation to sickness absence, unemployment and place of residence
- 2005
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Ingår i: Sleep and hypnosis. - 1302-1192. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study, a questionnaire survey, was undertaken to assess the influence of sickness absence and unemployment on sleep in a randomly selected group of men and women in five Swedish municipalities with very different demographic conditions, living conditions and health profiles. The survey comprised 1,948 randomly selected persons (47.7% men) of ages 20–64 years. Poor sleep was reported by 17.0% of the men and 18.5% of the women (NS). Poor sleep was 5.5 (3.5–8.6) times more common in sick listed men and 6.8 (4.7–9.9) times more common is such women than in men and women, respectively, who were not sick-listed. The proportion reporting poor sleep increased in parallel with increasing numbers of days on sickness benefit during the last year. In a multiple logistic regression analysis significant independent correlates of poor sleep in men were: being on sickness benefit (OR 2.1; 95%CI 1.1–3.8), poor somatic health (3.6; 2.0–6.3) and poor mental health (7.0; 4.0–12.3). The corresponding correlates in women were: being on sickness benefit (2.5; 1.4–4.3), poor somatic health (3.2; 1.8–5.8) and poor mental health (5.5; 3.3–9.2). Age, marital status, employment status and the place of residence were deleted by the logistic model for both sexes. It is concluded that poor sleep increased in men and women on sickness benefit but not those who were unemployed after adjustment for age, health, marital status and place of residence.
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| 5. |
- Asplund, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep in relation to somatic health, mental health and pain
- 2004
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Ingår i: Sleep and Hypnosis. - 1302-1192. ; 6:4, s. 148-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study, a questionnaire survey, was undertaken to assess the influence of somatic health, mental health, pain and age on sleep in a group of men and women. The survey comprised 1948 randomly selected persons (47.7% men) of ages 20-64 years. Poor somatic health was reported by 12.5% of the men and 15.3% of the women and poor mental health by 8.7% of the men and 10.6% of the women. Among the men very good sleep was reported by 34.7% and rather good, rather poor and very poor sleep by 52.8%, 10.9%, and 1.6%, respectively. The corresponding frequencies in women were 32.7%, 51.9%, 12.9% and 2.5%, respectively (NS). No or very light pain was reported by 50.7% of the men and rather light, rather severe or very severe pain by 35.7%, 12.0%, and 1.6%, respectively. The corresponding frequencies in women were 48.1%, 35.4%, 14.1% and 2.4%, respectively (NS). A forward stepwise regression analysis showed that in men, more severe sleep disturbances were associated with poorer mental health (R2=0.227), pain (R2=0.292) and poorer somatic health (R2=0.304). Correspondingly, more severe sleep disturbances were associated with poorer somatic health (R2 = 0.218), poorer mental health (R2=0.280) and pain (R2=0.326) in women. Age, education, being gainfully employed and income were deleted by the regression model in both sexes. It is concluded that poor mental health exerts the most detrimental influence on sleep in men, somatic health in women, and that age does not independently affect sleep at all.
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| 6. |
- Bergström, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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PET imaging of adrenal cortical tumors with the 11beta-hydroxylase tracer 11C-metomidate
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 1535-5667. ; 41:2, s. 275-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to evaluate PET with the tracer 11C-metomidate as a method to identify adrenal cortical lesions.METHODS:PET with 11C-metomidate was performed in 15 patients with unilateral adrenal mass confirmed by CT. All patients subsequently underwent surgery, except 2 who underwent biopsy only. The lesions were histopathologically examined and diagnosed as adrenal cortical adenoma (n = 6; 3 nonfunctioning), adrenocortical carcinoma (n = 2), and nodular hyperplasia (n = 1). The remaining were noncortical lesions, including 1 pheochromocytoma, 1 myelolipoma, 2 adrenal cysts, and 2 metastases.RESULTS:All cortical lesions were easily identified because of exceedingly high uptake of 11C-metomidate, whereas the noncortical lesions showed very low uptake. High uptake was also seen in normal adrenal glands and in the stomach. The uptake was intermediate in the liver and low in other abdominal organs. Images obtained immediately after tracer injection displayed high uptake in the renal cortex and spleen. The tracer uptake in the cortical lesions increased throughout the examination. For quantitative evaluation of tracer binding in individual lesions, a model with the splenic radioactivity concentration assigned to represent nonspecific uptake was applied. Values derived with this method, however, did show the same specificity as the simpler standardized uptake value concept, with similar difference observed for cortical versus noncortical lesions.CONCLUSION:PET with 11C-metomidate has the potential to be an attractive method for the characterization of adrenal masses with the ability to discriminate lesions of adrenal cortical origin from noncortical lesions.
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| 7. |
- Dukuzumuremyi, Jean-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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The Yersinia protein kinase A is a host factor inducible RhoA/Rac-binding virulence factor
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 275:45, s. 35281-35290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pathogenic yersiniae inject proteins directly into eukaryotic cells that interfere with a number of cellular processes including phagocytosis and inflammatory-associated host responses. One of these injected proteins, the Yersinia protein kinase A (YpkA), has previously been shown to affect the morphology of cultured eukaryotic cells as well as to localize to the plasma membrane following its injection into HeLa cells. Here it is shown that these activities are mediated by separable domains of YpkA. The amino terminus, which contains the kinase domain, is sufficient to localize YpkA to the plasma membrane while the carboxyl terminus of YpkA is required for YpkAs morphological effects. YpkAs carboxyl-terminal region was found to affect the levels of actin-containing stress fibers as well as block the activation of the GTPase RhoA in Yersinia-infected cells. We show that the carboxyl-terminal region of YpkA, which contains sequences that bear similarity to the RhoA-binding domains of several eukaryotic RhoA-binding kinases, directly interacts with RhoA as well as Rac (but not Cdc42) and displays a slight but measurable binding preference for the GDP-bound form of RhoA. Surprisingly, YpkA binding to RhoA(GDP) affected neither the intrinsic nor guanine nucleotide exchange factor-mediated GDP/GTP exchange reaction suggesting that YpkA controls activated RhoA levels by a mechanism other than by simply blocking guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity. We go on to show that YpkAs kinase activity is neither dependent on nor promoted by its interaction with RhoA and Rac but is, however, entirely dependent on heat-sensitive eukaryotic factors present in HeLa cell extracts and fetal calf serum. Collectively, our data show that YpkA possesses both similarities and differences with the eukaryotic RhoA/Rac-binding kinases and suggest that the yersiniae utilize the Rho GTPases for unique activities during their interaction with eukaryotic cells.
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| 8. |
- Edström-Hägerwall, Anneli, et al.
(författare)
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Alpha-1-microglobulin protects from heme induced placenta and kidney damage in a pregnant ewe model for preeclampsia
- 2013
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Ingår i: Pregnancy Hypertension. - : Elsevier BV. - 2210-7789. ; 3:2, s. 1-70
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Previous gene expression analysis have identified fetal hemoglobin (HbF) as a plausible etiological factor in preeclampsia. Free hemoglobin and its degradation products, e.g. heme, are known to cause oxidative stress, tissue damage, and vaso-constriction, typical findings in preeclampsia.OBJECTIVE: To study alpha-1-microglobulin (A1M), an endogenous radical scavenger and heme-binder, as a potential treatment for preeclampsia using the pregnant ewe preeclampsia model. Free Hb and heme are known to take part in the pathology of this model and therefor well suited for evaluation of recombinant A1M as a therapy.METHODS: 11 pregnant ewes, at gestational age 125-131 days, were acclimatized for 36h and then starved for another 36h to induce preeclampsia symptoms. At the end of starvation period, they were treated either with placebo (n=6) or A1M injections (n=5). After injections, food was re-introduced and ewes further followed for 72h. The ewes were sacrificed the 6th day after beginning of acclimatization. Throughout the 6 days, the animals were monitored for blood pressure and different blood and urine parameters. Whole blood, kidney and placenta tissue samples were collected from the ewes. Gene expression analysis, blood analysis, histology and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of A1M.RESULTS: Starvation increased the amount of free heme in the blood. The ultrastructure of the placenta and kidney were damaged in a way similar to what previously have been described for PE. The glomeruli and the tubuli were damaged which was reflected by increased Ficol clearance and increased plasma creatinine levels. Treatment with A1M significantly normalized the kidney functions. The most profound changes on gene expression level were found in white blood cells in the starved animals. Starvation decreases mRNA expression for anti-oxidants such as CAT (P=0.04), SOD1 (P=0.008), SOD2 (1.8-fold) as well as angiogenetic factors such as VEGF (P=0.02) and HGF (1.6-fold). A1M treatment rescued the decreased expression of SOD2 (P=0.04) and HGF (2-fold).CONCLUSION: A1M is well tolerated and shows high potential as a treatment for PE-like symptoms in the pregnant ewe model for PE.
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| 9. |
- Hellman, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Positron emission tomography with 11C-methionine in hyperparathyroidism
- 1994
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Ingår i: Surgery. - 0039-6060 .- 1532-7361. ; 116:6, s. 974-981
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomography (PET) has not been evaluated for preoperative localization and functional characterization of the parathyroid tissue in hyperparathyroidism. METHODS: Images of the neck and upper mediastinum of 23 patients with hyperparathyroidism were obtained by PET after intravenous administration of 400 to 800 MBq L-[methyl-11C]-methionine. The investigation was repeated in six patients after Na2-ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid infusion, whereby stable 65% to 157% rise in intact serum parathyroid hormone values was attained. RESULTS: Parathyroid surgical procedure revealed single (21 patients) or two enlarged parathyroid glands (two patients) that were characterized as chief cell adenoma (n = 13), hyperplasia (n = 10), or carcinoma (n = 2) and weighed 80 to 6000 mg. Twenty (80%) of these glands were localized by PET. The remaining examinations (20%) were false negative and mainly encompassed small parathyroids in juxtathyroid position. Among 15 patients undergoing parathyroid reoperation true-positive localizations were obtained for 87% of the glands. The images displayed lower tracer uptake in residual thyroid lobes (n = 40), esophagus, and cervical vertebrae. Na2-ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid infusion failed to enhance parathyroid uptake values. Ultrasonography, computed tomography, technetium-thallium scintigraphy, and venous sampling revealed 25% to 53% of the pathologic parathyroid tissues of the patients undergoing reoperation and was largely complementary to PET. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that PET may provide novel possibilities for the imaging of pathologic parathyroid glands in hyperparathyroidism.
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| 10. |
- Lögdberg, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Lipocalins in clinical medicine
- 2006
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Ingår i: Lipocalins. - 9781587062971 ; , s. 187-187
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 11. |
- Marnetoft, Sven-Uno, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of perceived health, attitudes to work, leisure time, and social welfare systems among people in a rural area in the north of Sweden and among people in the city of Stockholm
- 2007
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 28:2, s. 153-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A problem attracting considerable attention in Sweden today is the substantial regional differences in sickness absence. The aim of the study was to investigate and compare how people, from a random sample of the population in both a rural area in the north of Sweden and the Swedish capital Stockholm, perceive their health, and what their attitudes are to work, leisure time and social welfare systems. Results showed that a larger proportion of those answering in Stockholm considered their health status to be "very good", compared with those in the rural area (p<0.0001). A majority in the rural area compared to the city of Stockholm reported a high or very high level of aches/pain (p<0.0001) and that work causes them physical problems p<0.0001). The population in both Stockholm and the rural area is of the opinion that the increase in sickness absence is mainly due to deterioration in the work environment. Almost half of the individuals in both the rural area and in Stockholm are of the opinion that many of those sick-listed are not actually ill. It may be that in the rural area in north Sweden people are more inclined to put their opinions to practice than those in Stockholm are
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Selander, John, et al.
(författare)
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Locus of control and regional differences in sickness absence in Sweden.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 27:16, s. 925-928
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate if there are differences in locus of control (LOC), at a societal level, between two residential areas in Sweden with substantial differences in sickness absence. METHOD: A postal questionnaire was sent to 1500 randomly selected men and women aged 20 - 64 years. Five hundred questionnaires were sent to people living in Stromsund (a sparsely populated municipality in northern Sweden with high rates of sickness absence) and 1000 questionnaires to people in the Swedish capital of Stockholm, which has a low rate of sickness absence. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A comparison of LOC in the two study areas supported our hypothesis to a certain extent, external locus being more prominent in Stromsund. When physical and mental health and income were considered, however, the differences disappeared. Consequently, this study did not support the opinion that differences in sickness absence can be explained by LOC at a societal level
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| 14. |
- Sverrisson, Kristinn, et al.
(författare)
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Extracellular fetal hemoglobin induces increases in glomerular permeability: inhibition with alfa-1-microglobulin and tempol
- 2014
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 1522-1466 .- 1931-857X. ; 306:4, s. 442-448
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extracellular fetal hemoglobin (HbF) and adult hemoglobin (HbA) are proinflammatory and generate ROS. Increased plasma levels of extracellular HbF have recently been reported to occur in early preeclampsia. α1-Microglobulin (A1M) is a physiological heme-binding protein and radical scavenger that has been shown to counteract vascular permeability increases induced by HbA in the perfused placenta. The present study was performed to investigate whether HbF and HbA will increase glomerular permeability in vivo and to test whether A1M and tempol, a ROS scavenger, can prevent their effects. Anesthetized Wistar rats were continuously infused intravenously with either HbA, HbF, or cyano-inactivated HbF together with FITC-Ficoll-70/400, inulin, and51Cr-labeled EDTA for 2 h. Plasma samples and urine samples (left ureter) were taken repeatedly and analyzed by high-performance size exclusion chromatography to assess glomerular sieving coefficients for Ficoll of radius 10–80 Å. In separate experiments, A1M or tempol was given before and during Hb infusions. Extracellular HbF caused rapid, transient increases in glomerular permeability to large Ficoll molecules (50–80Å), contrary to the effects of HbA and cyano-inactivated HbF. For HbF, glomerular sieving coefficients for Ficoll of radius 60Å increased from 3.85 ± 0.85 × 10−5to 2.60 ± 0.96 × 10−4at 15 min, changes that were abrogated by tempol and reduced by A1M. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that extracellular HbF, infused systemically, can acutely increase glomerular permeability through inducing oxidative stress.
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| 15. |
- Wester Rosenlöf, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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A1M/α1-Microglobulin Protects from Heme-Induced Placental and Renal Damage in a Pregnant Sheep Model of Preeclampsia.
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy complication that manifests as hypertension and proteinuria after the 20(th) gestation week. Previously, fetal hemoglobin (HbF) has been identified as a plausible causative factor. Cell-free Hb and its degradation products are known to cause oxidative stress and tissue damage, typical of the PE placenta. A1M (α1-microglobulin) is an endogenous scavenger of radicals and heme. Here, the usefulness of A1M as a treatment for PE is investigated in the pregnant ewe PE model, in which starvation induces PE symptoms via hemolysis. Eleven ewes, in late pregnancy, were starved for 36 hours and then treated with A1M (n = 5) or placebo (n = 6) injections. After injections, the ewes were re-fed and observed for additional 72 hours. They were monitored for blood pressure, proteinuria, blood cell distribution and clinical and inflammation markers in plasma. Before termination, the utero-placental circulation was analyzed with Doppler velocimetry and the kidney glomerular function was analyzed by Ficoll sieving. At termination, blood, kidney and placenta samples were collected and analyzed for changes in gene expression and tissue structure. The starvation resulted in increased amounts of the hemolysis marker bilirubin in the blood, structural damages to the placenta and kidneys and an increased glomerular sieving coefficient indicating a defect filtration barrier. Treatment with A1M ameliorated these changes without signs of side-effects. In conclusion, A1M displayed positive therapeutic effects in the ewe starvation PE model, and was well tolerated. Therefore, we suggest A1M as a plausible treatment for PE in humans.
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| 16. |
- Åkerström, Bengt
(författare)
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Adults with Autism and Mental Retardation. A Life-Span Perspective
- 2001
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A review of the literature with a life-span perspective on autism gave rise to the formulation of a general research problem: Can demographic factors, individual factors, and social factors (i.e., education, residential facilities, treatment and other services) explain some of the variance in autistic behaviour and social adaptation in adult life? Historic influences, such as the Acts on services for people with mental retardation, reflected in social factors were emphasised. In a retrospective design two groups of adults with autism (DSM-III-R criteria) and mental retardation were studied, the RFA group, sampled through Riksföreningen Autism (n = 48, mean age 35 years) and the County group, a treated population group (n =39, mean age 37 years). The results showed that the RFA group functioned on a higher intellectual level and had better adult social adaptation (measured by the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales) than the County group. There were no differences in autistic behaviour (measured by the Childhood Autism Rating Scale) either in childhood or in adulthood. Concerning social factors, the Acts for mentally retarded had had major practical consequences. From the common situation with confinement in large institutions, better opportunities for education, more normal residence (group homes), and for occupation (day-centres) had emerged. Regarding treatment, the most persistent trend was the high use of psychoactive medication. After merging the two groups, analyses showed that the major predictive factors of adult autistic behaviour and social adaptation were intellectual level, speech ability and, with regard to social adaptation, epilepsy. The main conclusion is that intellectual level and speech ability are relatively more important than other factors for functioning of adults with autism and mental retardation. The results are discussed with reference to the adequacy of the measures used to capture effects of the social factors and the importance of also investigating samples with higher intellectual levels.
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| 17. |
- Åkerström, Bengt, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Inventering av psykiskt funktionshindrade samt livskvalitetsundersökning i Jämtlands län 2005
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Utifrån kritik från Socialstyrelsen och Länsstyrelsen att kommunerna inte hade tillräckligt god kunskap om målgruppen psykiskt funktionshindrade, bristande samordning med den landstingsstyrda psykiatrin samt kommunernas egna önskemål om bättre kunskap, genomfördes en länsövergripande inventering av psykiskt funktionshindrade i Jämtlands kommuner under 2005. Syftet var att kartlägga personer med psykiska funktionshinder och deras behov, utveckla uppsökande verksamhet, identifiera gråzoner, ge underlag för att utveckla samarbetet kommun – psykiatri samt ge möjlighet till kommunvisa jämförelser. Som en del av inventeringen skulle också en livskvalitetsintervju göras med ett urval av de identifierade personerna. Kartläggningen genomfördes i enlighet med en målgruppsdefinition och inventeringsmodell föreslagen av Socialstyrelsen med ett enkätförfarande riktat till uppgiftslämnare inom olika berörda myndigheter. Enkäter lämnades till kommunernas vård och socialtjänst, psykiatrin, primärvården, arbetsförmedlingen och försäkringskassan. Enkäterna innehöll frågor om insatser och behov från respektive instans samt i vilken mån de var tillfredsställda. Livskvalitetsundersökningen genomfördes i form av personliga intervjuer med instrumentet Lancashires livskvalitetsprofil på ett slumpmässigt urval ur gruppen med klarlagd diagnos. Undersökningen har utifrån sitt syfte om kartläggning gett information om 454 personer där uppgift om relevant diagnos gått att belägga (i rapporten benämnda Grupp 1). Detta utgör 75 % av det förväntade antalet med psykiska funktionshinder (0,6 % av befolkningen). Personerna i Grupp 1 inrapporterades i huvudsak från psykiatrin och socialtjänsten. Av denna grupp var drygt en tredjedel inrapporterade av psykiatrin eller annan myndighet men inte av kommunerna. Detta kan tolkas som att dessa personer och deras behov inte var kända hos kommunerna vid inventeringstillfället. Utöver detta har också uppgifter om 329 personer som av handläggare bedömts ha sådana problem att de hör till målgruppen/har liknande behov (i rapporten kallade Grupp 2) men där diagnos eller kontakter med psykiatrin inte kunnat verifieras, kommit in. Dessa personer var i huvudsak rapporterade från socialtjänsten. I båda grupperna var det en övervikt av män. Medelåldern var 51.4 år i Grupp 1 och 52.5 i Grupp 2. I båda grupperna bodde drygt två tredjedelar i egen bostad. Endast omkring 30 % av dem i arbetsför ålder i båda grupperna hade uppgifter om att de hade arbete eller deltog i organiserad sysselsättning. Medicinering och läkarkontakt var de vanligaste insatserna från psykiatrin medan kommunal hälso- och sjukvård och stöd i eget boende var vanligast i kommunerna. Sammanfattningsvis bedömde både psykiatrin och kommunerna behovet av ytterligare stöd till målgruppen (Grupp 1) som stort. Intervjuundersökningen om livskvalitet har trots ett högt (delvis förväntat) bortfall gett en fördjupad bild av målgruppens behov och syn på sina livsförhållanden. Intervjupersonernas (n = 56) sammanfattande skattningar av olika livsområden visade att man var relativt nöjd med sin livskvalitet med medelvärden på 4 och 5 på en sjugradig skala. Minst nöjd var man med sin ekonomiska situation medan några av de områden man var mest nöjd med var fritid och säkerhet. Som förslag till åtgärder utifrån inventeringens resultat noteras behov av ökade resurser för utredningar (bl.a. utifrån Grupp 2), vikten av uppsökande verksamhet, utveckling av mer varierat utbud av sysselsättning och tydlighet kring ansvaret för samordningen av insatser för personer med psykiska funktionshinder.
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| 18. |
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| 23. |
- Åkerström, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Societal support and health in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders : Poster presented at the 7th International Congress Autism-Europe Lisboa 2003
- 2003
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The strain of having a child with a disability, especially an autism spectrum disorder, can be lessened or worsened due to the quality and co-ordination of support from society. By order of the County Council, the local authorities and the Social Insurance Office, the present study aimed at investigating two main questions. First, the forms of support available for children with disabilities and parents' perception of its function and quality. Second, the parents' experience of their own health related to observations of elevated frequencies of long-term sick leave in parents of disabled children. The study, designed in co-operation with the local societies for children with disabilities, was conducted in the County of Jämtland, Sweden, during the year 2002. A questionnaire was mailed to parents of all children registered in child habilitation services, children in schooling for the mentally retarded and children with only visual or hearing disability or diabetes, covering a total of about 800 children including 120 with autism spectrum disorders. The questionnaire consisted of two parts, a) questions covering different forms of support including schooling and expert treatment for the child, b) a standardised health form (SF 36) to be completed by the parents of the child. The presentation will focus on the perception of support and experienced health in parents by comparing the situation for children with autism spectrum disorders to the rest of the sample including a discussion of improvements that could be made as a result of the study.
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| 24. |
- Åkerström, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Societal support and perceived health in parents of children and adolescents with disabilities : Meeting Abstract
- 2004
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH. - Oxford : Blackwell. ; , s. 383-383
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although there is an availability of support in different forms as financial support, experts and treatment, short time relief care and personal assistance the health ratings indicated that support provided by society is still not good enough. There is a challenge for society to better provide for and coordinate support in order to help parents to maintain good physical and mental health.
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| 29. |
- Åkerström, Paul, et al.
(författare)
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Material parameter estimation for boron steel from simultaneous cooling and compression experiments
- 2005
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Ingår i: Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering. - : IOP Publishing. - 0965-0393 .- 1361-651X. ; 13:8, s. 1291-1308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to increase the accuracy of numerical simulations of the hot stamping process, reliable material data is crucial. Traditionally, the material is characterized by several isothermal compression or tension tests performed at elevated temperatures and different strain rates. The drawback of the traditional methods is the appearance of unwanted phases for some test temperatures and durations. Such an approach is also both time consuming and expensive. In the present work an alternative approach is proposed, which reduces unwanted phase changes and the number of experiments. The isothermal mechanical response is established through inverse modelling of simultaneous cooling and compression experiments. The estimated material parameters are validated by comparison with data from a separate forming experiment. The computed global response is shown to be in good agreement with the experiments.
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