| 1. |
- Möller, Claes, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Otoneurological findings in psycho-organic syndrome caused by industrial solvent exposure
- 1989
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 107:1-2, s. 5-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nine subjects with long-term (8-30 years) occupational exposure to industrial solvents and a confirmed diagnosis of psycho-organic syndrome (POS) have been studied with audiological and otoneurological test batteries. The results were compared to a matched control group of nine industrial workers not exposed to solvents and to normal data from healthy volunteers. In the clinical examination, the Romberg test identified 5/9 workers as pathologic and concurrently the stabilometry showed significantly larger sway areas in the POS-group. In the audiological test battery, the significantly pathologic tests were discrimination of interrupted speech and evoked cortical responses to frequency glides (CRA-delta-f). The saccade test disclosed abnormal findings in 5/9 workers. In the smooth pursuit test, abnormality was found at some test frequencies using pseudorandomized stimulus. The VOR-suppression test was significantly abnormal at all test frequencies. The test battery used strongly indicates CNS lesions due to industrial solvents.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Ödkvist, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Audiological and vestibulo-oculomotor findings in workers exposed to solvents and jet fuel
- 1987
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Audiology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0105-0397 .- 1940-2872. ; 16:2, s. 75-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three groups of subjects with long-term (5-41 years) occupational exposure to industrial solvents have been evaluated with extensive audiological and vestibular test batteries. Group A comprised 16 subjects with a confirmed diagnosis of psycho-organic syndrome (POS), while group B consisted of 7 subjects with suspected POS. Both groups had been exposed to mixtures of aliphatic and aromatic solvents. Eight subjects with long-term exposure to jet fuel constituted group C. In the audiological test battery, discrimination of interrupted speech and evoked cortical potentials in response to frequency glides were the tests that yielded significantly abnormal results. In the vestibular test battery, considerable pathology was seen in electronystagmography, and in addition, visual suppression test and saccade test indicated CNS disturbance. In general, when a test yielded pathological results, the incidence of pathology was highest in group A and lowest in group C.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Alkaissi, Aidah, et al.
(författare)
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P6 acupressure increases tolerance to nausogenic motion stimulation in women with high risk for PONV
- 2005
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Anesthesia. - 1496-8975. ; 52, s. 703-709
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: In a previous study we noticed that P6 acupressure decreased postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) more markedly after discharge. As motion sickness susceptibility is increased by, for example, opioids we hypothesized that P6 acu-pressure decreased PONV by decreasing motion sickness susceptibility. We studied time to nausea by a laboratory motion challenge in a group of volunteers, during P6 and placebo acupressure. Methods: 60 women with high and low susceptibilities for motion sickness participated in a randomized and double-blind study with an active P6 acupressure, placebo acupressure, and a control group (n = 20 in each group). The risk score for PONV was over 50%. The motion challenge was by eccentric rotation in a chair, blindfolded and with chin to chest movements of the head. The challenge was stopped when women reported moderate nausea. Symptoms were recorded. Results: Mean time to moderate nausea was longer in the P6 acu-pressure group compared to the control group. P6 acupressure = 352 (259–445), mean (95% confidence interval) in seconds, control = 151 (121–181) and placebo acupressure = 280 (161–340); (P = 0.006). No difference was found between P6 and placebo acupressure or placebo acupressure and control groups. Previous severity of motion sickness did not influence time to nausea (P = 0.107). The cumulative number of symptoms differed between the three groups (P < 0.05). Fewer symptoms were reported in the P6 acupressure compared to the control group P < 0.009. Overall, P6 acupressure was only marginally more effective than placebo acupressure on the forearms. Conclusion: In females with a history of motion sickness P6 acu-pressure increased tolerance to experimental nauseogenic stimuli, and reduced the total number of symptoms reported.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Aschan, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Xylene exposure. Electronystagmografic and gaschromatografic studies in rabbit
- 1977
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 84:1-6, s. 370-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complaints of vertigo from people who are exposed to industrial solvents have focused interest on their toxic effect on the nervous system. In order to evaluate the influence of an organic solvent, xylene, on the mammalian vestibular system, a series of rabbit experiments were performed. To achieve a constant concentration, the xylene was infused as a lipid emulsion. Blood concentrations were estimated by gas chromatography. Elec-tronystagmography in darkness revealed that at blood xylene concentrations of 30 ppm all rabbits had a positional nystagmus. The beat direction was the opposite of positional alcohol nystagmus. Another difference between the alcohol and the xylene reaction was that rotatory nystagmus responses were exaggerated. The relations between the present findings and the reactions and blood concentrations in people exposed to industrial solvents are discussed.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Ekblad, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Estrogen effects on postural balance in postmenopausal women without vasomotor symptoms : A randomized masked trial
- 2000
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Ingår i: Obstetrics and Gynecology. - 0029-7844 .- 1873-233X. ; 95:2, s. 278-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess whether estrogen treatment given to postmenopausal women without vasomotor symptoms improves balance more than placebo. Methods: Forty healthy postmenopausal women without vasomotor symptoms were randomized to transdermal 17▀-estradiol (E2) 50 ╡g/day for 14 weeks or identical transdermal placebo patches. Postural balance was measured with dynamic posturography before and after 4, 12, and 14 weeks of therapy. In this test, the visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems were provoked with increasing difficulty and body sway was measured with a dual forceplate. A low score showed large sway and a score of 100 showed no sway at all. Results: Thirty-eight women completed the study. Both groups had normal balance for their ages and near maximum scores in the three easier balance tests at baseline. In the most difficult test, both groups improved their postural balance significantly (from 13 to 32 and from 22 to 39, respectively) after 4 weeks. Thereafter, no change was seen. One problem was low statistical power, but the relative change in balance did not differ between groups. The comparison did not show even a minute advantage of E2 over placebo, so a study with higher power would probably not have shown a more pronounced effect of estrogen than placebo. The change over time did not differ between groups, which indicates a significant learning effect.Conclusion: In women without vasomotor symptoms, estrogen therapy did not seem to increase postural balance significantly more than placebo. However, we could not rule out that estrogens affect postural balance in women with vasomotor symptoms. Copyright (C) 2000 The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
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| 14. |
- Grahn Kronhed, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of training on health-related quality of life, pain and falls in osteoporotic women
- 2009
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Ingår i: Advances in Physiotherapy. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1403-8196 .- 1651-1948. ; 11:3, s. 154-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical inactivity is a risk factor for osteoporosis and fractures. The aim of the study was to see if supervised training would improve health-related quality of life (HRQL), reduce pain and falls in osteoporotic women. Women with established osteoporosis (n=124) were invited to a 1-year, follow-up study. Seventy-three women aged 60-81 years met the inclusion criteria and were randomized to an exercise (E) or control (C) group. A 4-month, supervised group training programme was designed. Participants were studied using HRQL questionnaires, clinical tests and dynamic posturography. Thirty-one women in the E-group and 34 women in the C-group completed the study. The E-group improved in six SF-36 domains and mental component summary (MCsum) index and also in worst pain intensity (p<0.01) after the supervised exercise training. Differences were found between the groups when comparing changes in four SF-36 domains, MCsum and worst pain (p=0.001). Physical activity level decreased in the E-group after the supervised period. Mean time to first fall occurred earlier in the C-group than in the E-group for the first 4 months but the trend did not last for the 1-year follow-up. The study suggests that supervised group training is beneficial for women with established osteoporosis.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Hedin-Skogman, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Acute facial palsy in children - a 2-year follow-up study with focus on Lyme neuroborreliosis
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. - 0165-5876. ; 67:6, s. 597-602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Acute facial palsy in children is believed to be a rather benign neurological condition. Follow-up-studies are sparse, especially including a thorough otoneurological re-examination. The aim of this study was to examine children with a history of facial palsy in order to register the incidence of complete recovery and the severity and nature of sequelae. We also wanted to investigate whether there was a correlation between sequelae and Lyme Borreliosis, treatment or other health problems. Methods: Twenty-seven children with a history of facial palsy were included. A re-examination was performed by an Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) specialist 1–2.9 years (median 2) after the acute facial palsy. The otoneurological examination included grading the three branches of the facial nerve with the House-Brackman score, otomicroscopy and investigation with Frenzel glasses. A paediatrician interviewed the families. Medical files were analysed. Result: The incidence of complete recovery was 78% at the 2-year follow-up. In six out of 27 children (22%), the facial nerve function was mildly or moderately impaired. Four children reported problems with tear secretion and pronunciation. There was no correlation between sequelae after the facial palsy and gender, age, related symptoms, Lyme neuroborreliosis (NB), treatment, other health problems or performance. Conclusion: One fifth of children with an acute facial palsy get a permanent dysfunction of the facial nerve. Other neurological symptoms or health problems do not accompany the sequelae of the facial palsy. Lyme NB or treatment seems to have no correlation to clinical outcome. Factors of importance for complete recovery after an acute facial palsy are still not known.
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| 19. |
- Hydén, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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Broad frequency rotatory testing
- 1988
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Ingår i: Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0365-5237 .- 1651-2464 .- 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 105:s455, s. 48-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The method of broad-frequency-band rotatory testing with results from normal subjects and patients with peripheral uni- and bilateral loss as well as central vestibular disorders are reviewed. The following conclusions are drawn: adequate testing of the vestibulo-ocular reflex including side detection of unilateral loss in light or in darkness can only be done with either random or high-frequency (2.5–3 Hz) sinusoidal stimulation. Measurements of compensatory eye movements at lower frequencies where vestibular and non-vestibular signals interact are of interest for central vestibular diagnosis. A decreased ability to suppress vestibular nystagmus is not an uncommon finding in patients with large acoustic neuromas or pathology in the brainstem or cerebellum.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Hydén, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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Impairment of visuo-vestibular interaction in humans exposed to toluene
- 1983
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Ingår i: Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. - 0301-1569. ; 45:5, s. 262-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 15 healthy volunteers were investigated in a vestibulo-oculomotor test battery during toluene exposure. The concentration was comparable to the threshold limit value. The results were compared to an identical air experiment. The intoxication caused an impaired visual suppression during a pseudo-random oscillatory swing test and also an increased saccade speed. Other vestibular-oculomotor parameters were normal. The findings are in accordance with our earlier study on styrene in humans, showing that the visual suppression test and the saccade test are sensitive parameters assessing neurotoxic influences by organic solvents.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Hydén, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of compensatory eye movements in light and darkness
- 1984
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Ingår i: Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0365-5237 .- 1651-2464 .- 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 96:s406, s. 209-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A broad frequency-band rotatory test has been used to quantify compensatory eye movements in 13 healthy subjects during light and darkness conditions. Eye movements were recorded by EOG. Head movements were recorded either by a potentiometer attached to the chair's axis of rotation or by an angular rate sensor attached to a bite-board. Gain and phase values between eye and head velocity were calculated. A systematic error in the higher frequency range is introduced in the results by assuming head movement equal to chair movement. Different instructions in the dark can alter the gain values at lower frequencies (up to 2 Hz) during sinusoidal stimulation. During pseudorandom stimulation no such differences can be obtained. During all test conditions with the rate sensor the gain values approach unity at about 3 Hz.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Hydén, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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Visual suppression tests in acoustic neuroma patients
- 1989
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Ingår i: Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0365-5237 .- 1651-2464 .- 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 108:s468, s. 349-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fifty-five patients with a unilateral acoustic neuroma were investigated preoperatively with visual suppression tests during rotatory oscillation and caloric irrigation. During a sinusoidal oscillation, 29% of the patients showed a reduced suppression compared to 9% during pseudo-random oscillation and 11 % in the caloric test. In the sinusoidal and caloric tests the majority of the patients with deficient suppression had large or medium-sized tumors. In a few patients with small tumors, pathology was observed in both sinusoidal and randomized tests, presumably as a sign of unconcentration. The study shows that the sinusoidal visual suppression test and to a lesser degree suppression during caloric irrigation are of value for identification of brainstem-cerebellum compression of acoustic neuromas.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Kammerlind, Ann-Sofi C., et al.
(författare)
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Recovery after acute unilateral vestibular loss and predictors for remaining symptoms
- 2011
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Ingår i: American Journal of Otolaryngology. - : WB Saunders. - 0196-0709 .- 1532-818X. ; 32:5, s. 366-375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aims of this study were to follow recovery during the first 6 months after acute unilateral vestibular loss (AUVL) and to determine predictors for self-rated remaining symptoms. Materials and methods: Forty-two subjects were included less than 10 days after AUVL. Static and dynamic clinical balance tests, visual analogue scales, University of California Los Angeles Dizziness Questionnaire, Dizziness Beliefs Scale, European Quality of Life questionnaire, Dizziness Handicap Inventory, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were performed at inclusion and at 7 follow-ups over 6 months. Subjects rated their symptoms on visual analogue scales daily at home. Videonystagmography was performed in the acute stage and after 10 weeks. Results: Decrease of symptoms and improvement of balance function were larger during the first compared with the latter part of the follow-up period. Visual analogue scale ratings for balance problems were higher than those for dizziness. A prediction model was created based on the results of 4 tests in the acute stage: standing on foam with eyes closed, standing on 1 leg with eyes open, visual analogue scale rating of vertigo at rest, and European Quality of Life questionnaire rating of health-related quality of life. The prediction model identified subjects at risk of having remaining symptoms after 6 months with a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 79%. Conclusions: Recovery mainly takes place during the first weeks after AUVL. Subjects rate more balance problems than dizziness. Self-rated remaining symptoms after 6 months may be predicted by clinical balance tests and subjective ratings in the acute stage.
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| 35. |
- Kammerlind, Ann-Sofi, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of home training and additional physical therapy on recovery after acute unilateral vestibular loss : a randomized study
- 2005
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Ingår i: Clinical Rehabilitation. - : SAGE Publications. - 0269-2155 .- 1477-0873. ; 19:1, s. 54-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the effects of additional physical therapy on recovery after acute unilateral vestibular loss given to patients receiving home training.Design: Randomized controlled trial.Setting: Ear, nose and throat departments in three hospitals.Subjects: Fifty-four patients (mean age 52 years) with acute unilateral vestibular loss within the last week confirmed with electronystagmography testing were included. Patients with central neurologic or auditory symptoms or other vertigo disease were excluded.Interventions: Home training with or without additional physical therapy 12 times during 10 weeks.Main measures: Electronystagmography testing was performed before and after the training period. Clinical static (Romberg?s test, sharpened Romberg?s test, standing on foam and standing on one leg) and dynamic (walking forward and backward on a line) balance tests and subjective ratings of vertigo and balance problems on a visual analogue scale were done one week, 10 weeks and six months after the start of training.Results: Similar changes were seen in the two training groups.Conclusions: No significant differences in outcome regarding balance function or perceived symptoms were found between home training with or without additional physical therapy.
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| 36. |
- Kammerlind, Ann-Sofi, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of asymmetry of vestibular caloric response and age on balance and perceived symptoms after acute unilateral vestibular loss
- 2006
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Ingår i: Clinical Rehabilitation. - : SAGE Publications. - 0269-2155 .- 1477-0873. ; 20:2, s. 142-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the influence of asymmetry of vestibular caloric response and age on balance and perceived symptoms after acute unilateral vestibular loss.Design: Prospective study.Setting: Ear, nose and throat departments in three hospitals.Subjects: Fifty-four patients (mean age 52 years) with acute unilateral vestibular loss participating in a randomized controlled training study were included.Main measures: Electronystagmography testing was performed within one week after onset of symptoms and after 10 weeks. The outcome measures clinical static balance tests (sharpened Romberg's test with eyes closed, standing on foam with eyes closed, and standing on one leg with eyes open and closed) and subjective symptom ratings on a visual analogue scale were done after one week, 10 weeks and six months. The correlation between age and asymmetry of vestibular caloric response, respectively, and the outcome measures were analysed.Results: Greater caloric asymmetry correlated with poorer performance at the sharpened Romberg's test and standing on one leg with eyes closed at all three follow-ups (rho=-0.31 to -0.54), and with higher symptom ratings at the 10-week and six-month follow-ups (rho=0.30-0.60). Higher age was associated with poorer performance on the sharpened Romberg's test and standing on one leg at all three follow-ups (rho=0.31-0.64), but did not change over time. Higher age was also associated with higher ratings of vertigo at the six-month follow-up, and less reduction of vertigo between the 10-week and six-month follow-ups (rho=0.29-0.48).Conclusions: A higher degree of asymmetry of vestibular caloric response and high age seem to be associated with poor outcome in balance and perceived symptoms after acute unilateral vestibular loss.
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| 37. |
- Kammerlind, Ann-Sofi, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term follow-up after acute unilateral vestibular loss and comparison between subjects with and without remaining symptoms
- 2005
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 125:9, s. 946-953
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusions. About half of the subjects in this study reported remaining symptoms 3–6 years after acute unilateral vestibular loss. Differences could be seen between subjects with and without remaining symptoms regarding health-related quality of life, anxiety and depression.Objective. To evaluate the presence of self-rated remaining symptoms 3–6 years after acute unilateral vestibular loss, and to compare subjects with and without such symptoms.Material and methods. Firstly, 51 subjects answered a questionnaire which included the EuroQol EQ-5D, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the University of California Los Angeles Dizziness Questionnaire, visual analogue scales and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory. Secondly, nine subjects with and nine without remaining symptoms participated in an extended testing procedure, including electronystagmography (ENG), determination of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) and clinical balance tests.Results. In the first part of the study, 27 subjects reported remaining symptoms, 3 reported 1 additional period of symptoms and 21 had not experienced any symptoms at all in the 3–6 years since acute unilateral vestibular loss. In the second part, the group with remaining symptoms rated a lower health-related quality of life and a higher level of anxiety and depression. There were no differences between the two groups in terms of ENG tests, VEMPs or clinical balance tests.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Kogler, A., et al.
(författare)
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Postural stability using different neck positions in normal subjects and patients with neck trauma
- 2000
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 120:2, s. 151-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subjects with neck problems, such as whiplash injuries, often complain of disturbed equilibrium and, in some instances, provocation of the neck position can elicit such problems. The importance of neck proprioceptors for maintaining balance is gaining increased interest, moreover the function or malfunction of the otoliths may disturb equilibrium in certain head positions. The aim of the study was to create a reference material for postural control and its dependence on head position in healthy subjects and to compare this with a set of patients with known neck problems and associated vertiginous problems. A total of 32 healthy subjects (16 men, 16 women, age range 21-58 years) as well as 10 patients age range 27-62 years (mean 44 years) with neck problems and associated balance problems since a whiplash injury were tested for postural control using the EquiTest dynamic posturographic model. The normal subjects were initially split into four age groups in order to estimate the effects of age on performance. The postural stability was evaluated for dependence of support surface conditions (stable or sway-referenced), visual input (eyes open or closed) and head position (neutral, left rotated, right rotated, extended backwards or flexed forward) using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's post hoc test in case of a significant factor effect. As expected, visual cues as well as stable support surface improve postural stability (p < 0.001). Postural stability is statistically different in the head extended backwards condition compared with the other four head positions (p < 0.001 in all cases) in both patients and controls. Eliminating this test condition from the analysis, only a slight (p < 0.05) difference between head forwards and head turned left remained. This pattern of results remained if the normal subjects were only split into two age groups instead of four. Finally, the patient group exhibited significantly lower postural performance than all the groups of normal subjects (p < 0.01), but none of the normal groups differed significantly from each other. It is concluded that the postural control system is significantly challenged in the head extended backwards condition in both normal subjects and patients with previous whiplash injury and persistent neck problems. The patient group differed statistically from all groups of normal subjects. This suggests that neck problems impair postural control, and that the head extended position is a more challenging task for the postural system to adapt to. Whether this is due to utricular malpositioning, central integrative functions or cervical proprioceptive afferents is not within the scope of this study to answer. ⌐ 2000 Taylor & Francis.
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| 40. |
- Larsby, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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A broad frequency oscillatory test
- 1982
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Ingår i: Nordic symposium on data processing of eye movements. ; , s. 19-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Larsby, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Balanspåverkan av industriella lösningsmedel
- 1981
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Ingår i: Nordisk Otolaryngologisk Förenings XXI kongress, Åbo 16.8-19.8 1981. ; , s. 98-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Larsby, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Disturbances of the vestibular system by toxic agents
- 1976
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Ingår i: 15. Scandinavian Congress of Physiology and Pharmacology, Århus 1976. - : Fysiologisk Institut, Aarhus Universitet. ; , s. 157-157
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 45. |
- Larsby, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Trichloroethylene on the human vestibulo-oculomotor system
- 1986
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 101:3-4, s. 193-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ten healthy volunteers were subjected to a vestibulo-oculomotor test battery before, during and 1 hour after trichloroethylene exposure. The concentration of trichloroethylene in in-spiratory air was 32–78 ppm (176429 mg/m3). The concentration of trichloroethylene in venous blood was followed throughout the experiment. The mean pulmonary uptake was estimated. Each test person was also subjected to a control experiment, breathing air free of trichloroethylene. A decreased ability to visually suppress the vestibulo-oculomotor reflex during sinusoidal stimulation was noticed during trichloroethylene exposure. One hour after exposure the test subjects showed a decreased maximum velocity of the voluntary saccade and a decreased ability to follow a sinusoidally moving target.
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| 46. |
- Larsby, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Ett bredfrekvent rotationstest
- 1982
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Ingår i: Sv Otolaryngol förening 1982;2. ; , s. 2-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 47. |
- Larsby, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure of rabbits to methylchloroform. Vestibulardisturbances correlated to blood and cerebrospinal fluid levels
- 1978
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 41:1, s. 7-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A previously described experimental model for studying the effects on the central nervous system of rabbits, specifically the vestibular apparatus, has been applied to methylchloroform. To achieve a steady concentration the solvent was infused as a lipid emulsion. The blood and cerebrospinal fluid kinetics have been studied. The arterial blood level seems to be closely correlated to the concentration in the central nervous tissue. Vestibular function has been studied by recording the involuntary eye movements — nystagmus — which are elicited via central vestibulo-oculomotor connections. At blood levels of methylchloroform above 75 ppm a so called “positional nystagmus”, indicated vestibular disturbances, is demonstrated. The relationship between the present findings in rabbits and the reaction and blood concentrations in people exposed to industrial solvents, are discussed.
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| 48. |
- Larsby, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure of rabbits to styrene. Electronystagmographic findings correlated to the styrene level in blood and cerebrospinal fluid
- 1978
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 4:1, s. 60-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective methods for critically evaluating the toxic effect of industrial solvents are highly desirable. As many of these solvents are suspected to cause vertigo, an animal experimental model was set up for studying the effects of solvents on the vestibular systems. The vestibular function was studied by registration of involuntary eye movements--nystagmus--which are elicited via central vestibulo-oculomotor connections. During exposure to styrene a so-called positional nystagmus was demonstrated that indicated vestibular disturbances. Nystagmus is normally elicited by rotatory acceleration. During exposure to styrene the direction of this rotatory nystagmus was reversed. The incidence of the positional nystagmus correlated well with the blood level of the solvent, measured by gas chromatography. Kinetic studies also demonstrated a rapid equilibration between the level of the solvent in arterial blood and cerebrospinal fluid, and therefore suggested that estimation of the arterial level reliably indicates the level in the central nervous system.
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| 49. |
- Larsby, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Gain and phase characteristics of compensatory eye movements in light and darkness : A study with a broad frequency-band rotatory test
- 1984
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 97:3-4, s. 223-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thirteen normal subjects were investigated with a broad frequency-band (up to 4.5 Hz) rotatory test. The vestibular stimulation consisted of either a pseudo-random or a sinusoidal frequency sweep oscillation. Eye movements were recorded by EOG. Head movements were recorded either by a potentiometer attached to the chairs axis of rotation or by an angular rate sensor attached to a biteboard. Gain and phase values between eye and head movements were calculated. Measurements were performed in light and darkness during the execution of various fixation tasks. In the higher frequency range there was a difference in gain and phase between potentiometer and rate sensor measurements due to movement of the head relative to the headholder. Visual suppression, in agreement with earlier studies, was more effective during a sinusoidal stimulation than during a pseudorandom stimulation at low frequencies, using the more precise rate sensor measurement technique. Different instructions in the dark could alter the gain values at lower frequencies (up to 2 Hz) during sinusoidal stimulation. During pseudo-random stimulation no such differences could be elicited. Under all test conditions with the rate sensor, the gain values approached unity at about 3 Hz.
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