| 1. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
-
- 2023
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Hinton, T. G., et al.
(författare)
-
An invitation to contribute to a strategic research agenda in radioecology
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0265-931X .- 1879-1700. ; 115, s. 73-82
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With intentions of integrating a portion of their respective research efforts into a trans-national programme that will enhance radioecology, eight European organisations recently formed the European Radioecology ALLIANCE (www.er-alliance.org). The ALLIANCE is an Association open to other organisations throughout the world with similar interests in promoting radioecology. The ALLIANCE members recognised that their shared radioecological research could be enhanced by efficiently pooling resources among its partner organizations and prioritising group efforts along common themes of mutual interest. A major step in this prioritisation process was to develop a Strategic Research Agenda (SRA). An EC-funded Network of Excellence in Radioecology, called STAR (Strategy for Allied Radioecology), was formed, in part, to develop the SRA. This document is the first published draft of the SRA. The SRA outlines a suggested prioritisation of research topics in radioecology, with the goal of improving research efficiency and more rapidly advancing the science. It responds to the question: What topics, if critically addressed over the next 20 years, would significantly advance radioecology? The three Scientific Challenges presented within the SRA, with their 15 associated research lines, are a strategic vision of what radioecology can achieve in the future. Meeting these challenges will require a directed effort and collaboration with many organisations the world over. Addressing these challenges is important to the advancement of radioecology and in providing scientific knowledge to decision makers. Although the development of the draft SRA has largely been a European effort, the hope is that it will initiate an open dialogue within the international radioecology community and its stakeholders. This is an abbreviated document with the intention of introducing the SRA and inviting contributions from interested stakeholders. Critique and input for improving the SRA are welcomed via a link on the STAR website (www.star-radioecology.org).
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Aas, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Telomere length is associated with childhood trauma in patients with severe mental disorders
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Translational psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 9:1, s. 97-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reduced telomere length (TL) and structural brain abnormalities have been reported in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). Childhood traumatic events are more frequent in SZ and BD than in healthy individuals (HC), and based on recent findings in healthy individuals could represent one important factor for TL and brain aberrations in patients. The study comprised 1024 individuals (SZ [n = 373]; BD [n = 249] and HC [n = 402]). TL was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and childhood trauma was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Diagnosis was obtained by the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID) for the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-IV (DSM-IV). FreeSurfer was used to obtain regional and global brain volumes from T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans. All analyses were adjusted for current age and sex. Patients had on average shorter TL (F = 7.87, p = 0.005, Cohen’s d = 0.17) and reported more childhood trauma experiences than HC (χ2 = 148.9, p < 0.001). Patients with a history of childhood sexual, physical or emotional abuse had shorter TL relative to HC and to patients without a history of childhood abuse (F = 6.93, p = 0.006, Cohen’s d = 0.16). After adjusting for childhood abuse, no difference in TL was observed between patients and HC (p = 0.12). There was no statistically significant difference in reported childhood abuse exposure or TL between SZ and BD. Our analyses revealed no significant associations between TL and clinical characteristics or brain morphometry. We demonstrate shorter TL in SZ and BD compared with HC and showed that TL is sensitive to childhood trauma experiences. Further studies are needed to identify the biological mechanisms of this relationship.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Lundstam, Karolina, et al.
(författare)
-
Positive Effect of Parathyroidectomy Compared to Observation on BMD in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Mild Primary Hyperparathyroidism
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - : Wiley. - 0884-0431 .- 1523-4681. ; 38:3, s. 372-380
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mild or asymptomatic disease is now the dominating presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). However, bone involvement with decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and an increased risk of fractures has been demonstrated. Indications for parathyroidectomy (PTX) in mild PHPT have been debated for years. There is a need of long-term randomized studies comparing PTX with observation without intervention (OBS). Here, we present bone health data from the Scandinavian Investigation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism (SIPH), a randomized controlled trial, comparing PTX to OBS. This study included 191 patients (96 OBS/95 PTX), and 129 patients (64 OBS/65 PTX) were followed for 10 years to the end of study (EOS). BMD was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), peripheral fractures were noted, and spine radiographs were obtained for vertebral fracture assessment. There was a significant treatment effect of PTX on BMD compared with OBS for all analyzed compartments, most explicit for the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) (p < 0.001). The mean changes in T-score from baseline to 10 years were from 0.41 for radius 33% (Rad33) to 0.58 for LS greater in the PTX group than in the OBS group. There was a significant decrease in BMD for all compartments in the OBS group, most pronounced for FN, Rad33, and ultradistal radius (UDR) (p < 0.001). Even though there was a significant treatment effect of PTX compared with OBS, there was only a significant increase in BMD over time for LS (p < 0.001). We found no difference between groups in fracture frequency in the 10-year cohort, neither with modified intention-to-treat (mITT) analysis nor per protocol analysis. Because BMD is only a surrogate endpoint of bone health and PTX did not reduce fracture risk, observation could be considered a safe option for many patients with mild PHPT regarding bone health in a 10-year perspective.(c) 2023 The Authors.
|
|
| 11. |
- Mach, H., et al.
(författare)
-
On the enhanced E1 transitions in the K=3/2 parity doublet band in Ra-223
- 2016
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 52:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have applied the fast timing beta gamma gamma(t) technique to remeasure lifetimes of selected states in Ra-223 populated in the beta(-) decay of Fr-223. T-1/2 = 587(12) ps and 210(13) ps have been obtained for the 3/2(-) and 5/2(-) states at 50.1 and 79.7 keV, that are more accurate than the previous values of 630(70) ps and 166(55) ps, respectively. Our vertical bar D0 vertical bar value of 0.155(10) e.fm obtained for the K = 3/2 configuration together with the available values of vertical bar D0 vertical bar for the K = 1/2 and K = 5/2 parity doublet bands establish the configuration dependence of vertical bar D0 vertical bar at low spins in this nucleus. Results of theoretical calculations performed for Ra-223, using the quasiparticle-phonon model (QPM) with inclusion of the Coriolis coupling, reasonably well reproduce octupole correlations in this nucleus.
|
|
| 12. |
- Pretorius, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of Parathyroidectomy on Quality of Life: 10 Years of Data From a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial on Primary Hyperparathyroidism (the SIPH-Study)
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - : Wiley. - 0884-0431 .- 1523-4681. ; 36, s. 3-11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) was previously considered a disease presenting with multiorgan involvement and a wide range of symptoms. Today, the disease presents with no symptoms or mild symptomatology in most patients. Data regarding nonspecific symptoms such as pain, fatigue, memory loss, depression, and other neuropsychiatric signs have been ambiguous, and results from prospective long-term randomized control trials are lacking. The Scandinavian Investigation on Primary Hyperparathyroidism (SIPH) is a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 10-year follow up, comparing parathyroidectomy (PTX) to observation without any treatment (OBS). From 1998 to 2005, 191 patients with mild PHPT were included from Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. A total of 95 patients were randomized to PTX and 96 to OBS. The generic Short Form-36 survey (SF-36) and the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) were studied at baseline, 2, 5, and 10 years after randomization. After 10 years, the PTX group scored significantly better on vitality (PTX 65.1 +/- 20.2 versus OBS 57.4 +/- 22.7; p = .017) compared to the OBS group in SF-36. We found no differences between the groups in the physical subscales. The OBS group had no significant change in any of the SF-36 scores throughout the study. The CPRS showed an improvement of symptoms in both groups for single items and sum scores after 10 years compared to baseline. There were, however, no significant differences between the two groups in the CPRS data. The results of this large and long-term RCT indicate improvement in some of the mental domains of SF-36 following PTX. However, the treatment effects between the groups were subtle with uncertain clinical significance. The observation group had stable SF-36 values and improvement in CPRS symptom-scores. Thus, in considering only quality of life (QoL) and in the absence of declines in renal and skeletal parameters, it may be safe to observe patients with mild PHPT for a decade. (c) 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
|
|
| 13. |
- Aas, AJ, et al.
(författare)
-
Enhanced and quenched B(E1) transition rates between parity doublet bands in Ra-227
- 1996
-
Ingår i: NUCLEAR PHYSICS A. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0375-9474. ; 611:2-3, s. 281-314
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fast timing beta gamma gamma(t) method has been used to measure level lifetimes in the parity doublet bands in Ra-227 populated in the beta(-) decay of Fr-227. In particular, T-1/2 = 254(9) ps, 236(30) ps, less than or equal to 41 ps and 16(13) ps hav
|
|
| 14. |
- Aas, AJ, et al.
(författare)
-
Quenched E1 transition rates in Th-231
- 1999
-
Ingår i: NUCLEAR PHYSICS A. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0375-9474. ; 654:3-4, s. 499-522
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fast timing beta gamma gamma(t) method has been used to measure lifetimes of the low-lying levels in Th-231 populated in the beta(-) decay of Ac-231. The half-life of the K-pi = 5/2(-) band-head at 185.7-keV was measured as T-1/2 = 1073(79) ps, yieldi
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Aas, T. H., et al.
(författare)
-
Outbound open innovation in tourism : Lessons from an innovation project in Norway
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Managing Open Service Innovation. - : World Scientific. - 9789811234491 - 9789811234484 ; , s. 167-185
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The concept of open innovation was introduced by Henry Chesbrough in 2003 and refers to firms' use of inflows and outflows of knowledge to improve innovation processes. The concept has received considerable scholarly attention, but most research has focused on how manufacturing firms can manage inflows of knowledge during their product innovation processes. How outflows of knowledge can be managed by service firms during their innovation processes has until now not received the same scholarly attention. In this chapter, we therefore aim to contribute in filling this knowledge gap by observing an innovation project in tourism during its implementation. The findings suggested that tourism firms reveal different types of knowledge to other tourism firms in non-pecuniary outbound open innovation processes. In this case the knowledge was revealed in joint workshops where several firms participated and in bi-lateral meetings between two firms, and sometimes the knowledge was transferred via consultants or researchers that acted as "knowledge mediators". The findings also suggested that tourism firms decided to reveal knowledge to other firms to improve their image, increase the market size and to sharpen up their own business. Implications for management as well as the need for further research are discussed in the chapter.
|
|
| 22. |
- Aas, W., et al.
(författare)
-
Lessons learnt from the first EMEP intensive measurement periods
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 12:17, s. 8073-8094
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first EMEP intensive measurement periods were held in June 2006 and January 2007. The measurements aimed to characterize the aerosol chemical compositions, including the gas/aerosol partitioning of inorganic compounds. The measurement program during these periods included daily or hourly measurements of the secondary inorganic components, with additional measurements of elemental- and organic carbon (EC and OC) and mineral dust in PM1, PM2.5 and PM10. These measurements have provided extended knowledge regarding the composition of particulate matter and the temporal and spatial variability of PM, as well as an extended database for the assessment of chemical transport models. This paper summarise the first experiences of making use of measurements from the first EMEP intensive measurement periods along with EMEP model results from the updated model version to characterise aerosol composition. We investigated how the PM chemical composition varies between the summer and the winter month and geographically. The observation and model data are in general agreement regarding the main features of PM10 and PM2.5 composition and the relative contribution of different components, though the EMEP model tends to give slightly lower estimates of PM10 and PM2.5 compared to measurements. The intensive measurement data has identified areas where improvements are needed. Hourly concurrent measurements of gaseous and particulate components for the first time facilitated testing of modelled diurnal variability of the gas/aerosol partitioning of nitrogen species. In general, the modelled diurnal cycles of nitrate and ammonium aerosols are in fair agreement with the measurements, but the diurnal variability of ammonia is not well captured. The largest differences between model and observations of aerosol mass are seen in Italy during winter, which to a large extent may be explained by an underestimation of residential wood burning sources. It should be noted that both primary and secondary OC has been included in the calculations for the first time, showing promising results. Mineral dust is important, especially in southern Europe, and the model seems to capture the dust episodes well. The lack of measurements of mineral dust hampers the possibility for model evaluation for this highly uncertain PM component. There are also lessons learnt regarding improved measurements for future intensive periods. There is a need for increased comparability between the measurements at different sites. For the nitrogen compounds it is clear that more measurements using artefact free methods based on continuous measurement methods and/or denuders are needed. For EC/OC, a reference methodology (both in field and laboratory) was lacking during these periods giving problems with comparability, though measurement protocols have recently been established and these should be followed by the Parties to the EMEP Protocol. For measurements with no defined protocols, it might be a good solution to use centralised laboratories to ensure comparability across the network. To cope with the introduction of these new measurements, new reporting guidelines have been developed to ensure that all proper information about the methodologies and data quality is given.
|
|
| 23. |
- Ahn, Seo H., et al.
(författare)
-
Relationship between cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration and aerosol optical depth in the Arctic region
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1352-2310 .- 1873-2844. ; 267
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine the direct and indirect effects of aerosols on climate, it is important to know the spatial and temporal variations in cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations. Although many types of CCN measurements are available, extensive CCN measurements are challenging because of the complexity and high operating cost, especially in remote areas. As aerosol optical depth (AOD) can be readily observed by remote sensing, many attempts have been made to estimate CCN concentrations from AOD. In this study, the CCN-AOD relationship is parameterized based on CCN ground measurements from the Zeppelin Observatory (78.91 degrees N, 11.89 degrees E, 474 m asl) in the Arctic region. The AOD measurements were obtained from the Ny-Alesund site (78.923 degrees N, 11.928 degrees E) and Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 reanalysis. Our results show a CCN-AOD correlation with a coefficient of determination R-2 of 0.59. Three additional estimation models for CCN were presented based on the following data: (i) in situ aerosol chemical composition, (ii) in situ aerosol optical properties, and (iii) chemical composition of AOD obtained from reanalysis data. The results from the model using in situ aerosol optical properties reproduced the observed CCN concentration most efficiently, suggesting that the contribution of BC to CCN concentration should be considered along with that of sulfate.
|
|
| 24. |
- Alonzo, Frederic, et al.
(författare)
-
Modelling the propagation of effects of chronic exposure to ionising radiation from individuals to populations
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0265-931X .- 1879-1700. ; 99:9, s. 1464-1473
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluated the potential effect of ionising radiation on population growth using simple population models and parameter values derived from chronic exposure experiments in two invertebrate species with contrasting life-history strategies. In the earthworm Eisenia fetida, models predicted increasing delay in population growth with increasing gamma dose rate (up to 0.6 generation times at 11 mGy h(-1)). Population extinction was predicted at 43 mGy h(-1). In the microcrustacean Daphnia magna, models predicted increasing delay in population growth with increasing alpha dose rate (up to 0.8 generation times at 15.0 mGy h(-1)), only after two successive generations were exposed. The study examined population effects of changes in different individual endpoints (including survival, number of offspring produced and time to first reproduction). Models showed that the two species did not respond equally to equivalent levels of change, the fast growing daphnids being more susceptible to reduction in fecundity or delay in reproduction than the slow growing earthworms. This suggested that susceptibility of a population to ionising radiation cannot be considered independent of the species' life history.
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
- Boutami, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Nuclear structure of Ac-231
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 811:3-4, s. 244-275
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The low-energy structure of Ac-231 has been investigated by means of gamma ray spectroscopy following the beta(-) decay of Ra-231. Multipolarities of 28 transitions have been established by measuring conversion electrons with a MINI-ORANGE electron spectrometer. The decay scheme of Ra-231 -> Ac-231 has been constructed for the first time. The Advanced Time Delayed beta gamma gamma(t) method has been used to measure the half-lives of five levels. The moderately fast B(EI) transition rates derived suggest that the octupole effects., albeit weak, are still present in this exotic nucleus.
|
|
| 27. |
- Ciarelli, Giancarlo, et al.
(författare)
-
Trends of inorganic and organic aerosols and precursor gases in Europe: Insights from the EURODELTA multi-model experiment over the 1990-2010 period
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Geoscientific Model Development. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1991-959X .- 1991-9603. ; 12:12, s. 4923-4954
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the framework of the EURODELTA-Trends (EDT) modeling experiment, several chemical transport models (CTMs) were applied for the 1990-2010 period to investigate air quality changes in Europe as well as the capability of the models to reproduce observed long-term air quality trends. Five CTMs have provided modeled air quality data for 21 continuous years in Europe using emission scenarios prepared by the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis/Greenhouse Gas - Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies (IIASA/GAINS) and corresponding year-by-year meteorology derived from ERA-Interim global reanalysis. For this study, long-term observations of particle sulfate (SO2 4-), total nitrate (TNO3), total ammonium (TNHx) as well as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for multiple sites in Europe were used to evaluate the model results. The trend analysis was performed for the full 21 years (referred to as PT) but also for two 11-year subperiods: 1990-2000 (referred to as P1) and 2000-2010 (referred to as P2). The experiment revealed that the models were able to reproduce the faster decline in observed SO2 concentrations during the first decade, i.e., 1990-2000, with a 64%-76% mean relative reduction in SO2 concentrations indicated by the EDT experiment (range of all the models) versus an 82% mean relative reduction in observed concentrations. During the second decade (P2), the models estimated a mean relative reduction in SO2 concentrations of about 34%-54%, which was also in line with that observed (47%). Comparisons of observed and modeled NO2 trends revealed a mean relative decrease of 25% and between 19% and 23% (range of all the models) during the P1 period, and 12% and between 22% and 26% (range of all the models) during the P2 period, respectively. Comparisons of observed and modeled trends in SO4 2- concentrations during the P1 period indicated that the models were able to reproduce the observed trends at most of the sites, with a 42%-54% mean relative reduction indicated by the EDT experiment (range of all models) versus a 57% mean relative reduction in observed concentrations and with good performance also during the P2 and PT periods, even though all the models overpredicted the number of statistically significant decreasing trends during the P2 period. Moreover, especially during the P1 period, both modeled and observational data indicated smaller reductions in SO42- concentrations compared with their gas-phase precursor (i.e., SO2), which could be mainly attributed to increased oxidant levels and pH-dependent cloud chemistry. An analysis of the trends in TNO3 concentrations indicated a 28%-39% and 29% mean relative reduction in TNO3 concentrations for the full period for model data (range of all the models) and observations, respectively. Further analysis of the trends in modeled HNO3 and particle nitrate (NO-3 ) concentrations revealed that the relative reduction in HNO3 was larger than that for NO-3 during the P1 period, which was mainly attributed to an increased availability of "free ammonia". By contrast, trends in modeled HNO3 and NO-3 concentrations were more comparable during the P2 period. Also, trends of TNHx concentrations were, in general, underpredicted by all models, with worse performance for the P1 period than for P2. Trends in modeled anthropogenic and biogenic secondary organic aerosol (ASOA and BSOA) concentrations together with the trends in available emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) were also investigated. A strong decrease in ASOA was indicated by all the models, following the reduction in anthropogenic non-methane VOC (NMVOC) precursors. Biogenic emission data provided by the modeling teams indicated a few areas with statistically significant increase in isoprene emissions and monoterpene emissions during the 1990-2010 period over Fennoscandia and eastern European regions (i.e., around 14 %-27 %), which was mainly attributed to the increase of surface temperature. However, the modeled BSOA concentrations did not linearly follow the increase in biogenic emissions. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation against positive matrix factorization (PMF) data, available during the second period (P2) at various European sites, revealed a systematic underestimation of the modeled SOA fractions of a factor of 3 to 11, on average, most likely because of missing SOA precursors and formation pathways, with reduced biases for the models that accounted for chemical aging of semi-volatile SOA components in the atmosphere.
|
|
| 28. |
- Ersboll, A. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Desloratadine Exposure and Incidence of Seizure: A Nordic Post-authorization Safety Study Using a New-User Cohort Study Design, 2001-2015
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Drug Safety. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0114-5916 .- 1179-1942. ; 44, s. 1231-1242
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction A small number of adverse events of seizure in patients using desloratadine (DL) have been reported. The European Medicines Agency requested a post-authorization safety study to investigate whether there is an association between DL exposure and seizure. Objective The aim was to study the association between DL exposure and incidence of first seizure. Methods A new-user cohort study of individuals redeeming a first-ever prescription of DL in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden in 2001-2015 was conducted. DL exposure was defined as days' supply plus a 4-week grace period. DL unexposed periods were initiated 27 weeks after DL prescription redemption. Poisson regression was used to estimate the adjusted incidence rate and adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) of incident seizure. Results A total of 1,807,347 first-ever DL users were included in the study, with 49.3% male and a mean age of 29.5 years at inclusion; 20.3% were children aged 0-5 years. The adjusted incidence rates of seizure were 21.7 and 31.6 per 100,000 person-years during DL unexposed and exposed periods, respectively. A 46% increased incidence rate of seizure was found during DL exposed periods (aIRR = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34-1.59). The aIRR ranged from 1.85 (95% CI 1.65-2.08) in children aged 0-5 years to 1.01 in adults aged 20 years or more (95% CI 0.85-1.19). Conclusion This study found an increased incidence rate of seizure during DL exposed periods as compared to unexposed periods among individuals younger than 20 years. No difference in incidence rate of seizure was observed in adults between DL exposed and unexposed.
|
|
| 29. |
- Fraile, LM, et al.
(författare)
-
Octupole correlations in Ra-229
- 1999
-
Ingår i: NUCLEAR PHYSICS A. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0375-9474. ; 657:4, s. 355-390
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure of Ra-229 has been studied in the beta(-) decay of Fr-229. Spins and parities have been determined from the conversion electron measurements, while half-lives for the 137.5, 142.7, 168.8, 213.0 and 479.0 keV levels have been measured in the
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
- Gulda, K, et al.
(författare)
-
Quadrupole deformed and octupole collective bands in Ra-228
- 1998
-
Ingår i: NUCLEAR PHYSICS A. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0375-9474. ; 636:1, s. 28-46
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spins and parities for collective states in Ra-228 have been determined from conversion electron measurements with a mini-orange beta spectrometer. The fast-timing beta gamma gamma(t) method has been used to measure lifetimes of T-1/2 = 550(20) ps and 181
|
|
| 32. |
- Keetz, Lasse T., et al.
(författare)
-
Climate–ecosystem modelling made easy : The Land Sites Platform
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - 1354-1013. ; 29:15, s. 4440-4452
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs) provide a state-of-the-art process-based approach to study the complex interplay between vegetation and its physical environment. For example, they help to predict how terrestrial plants interact with climate, soils, disturbance and competition for resources. We argue that there is untapped potential for the use of DGVMs in ecological and ecophysiological research. One fundamental barrier to realize this potential is that many researchers with relevant expertize (ecology, plant physiology, soil science, etc.) lack access to the technical resources or awareness of the research potential of DGVMs. Here we present the Land Sites Platform (LSP): new software that facilitates single-site simulations with the Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator, an advanced DGVM coupled with the Community Land Model. The LSP includes a Graphical User Interface and an Application Programming Interface, which improve the user experience and lower the technical thresholds for installing these model architectures and setting up model experiments. The software is distributed via version-controlled containers; researchers and students can run simulations directly on their personal computers or servers, with relatively low hardware requirements, and on different operating systems. Version 1.0 of the LSP supports site-level simulations. We provide input data for 20 established geo-ecological observation sites in Norway and workflows to add generic sites from public global datasets. The LSP makes standard model experiments with default data easily achievable (e.g., for educational or introductory purposes) while retaining flexibility for more advanced scientific uses. We further provide tools to visualize the model input and output, including simple examples to relate predictions to local observations. The LSP improves access to land surface and DGVM modelling as a building block of community cyberinfrastructure that may inspire new avenues for mechanistic ecosystem research across disciplines.
|
|
| 33. |
- Kruger, K, et al.
(författare)
-
Expression of Nestin associates with BRCA1 mutations, a basal-like phenotype and aggressive breast cancer
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7:1, s. 1089-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We here examined whether Nestin, by protein and mRNA levels, could be a predictor of BRCA1 related breast cancer, a basal-like phenotype, and aggressive tumours. Immunohistochemical staining of Nestin was done in independent breast cancer hospital cohorts (Series I-V, total 1257 cases). Also, TCGA proteomic data (n = 103), mRNA microarray data from TCGA (n = 520), METABRIC (n = 1992), and 6 open access breast cancer datasets (n = 1908) were analysed. Patients with Nestin protein expression in tumour cells more often had BRCA1 germline mutations (OR 8.7, p < 0.0005, Series III), especially among younger patients (<40 years at diagnosis) (OR 16.5, p = 0.003). Nestin protein positivity, observed in 9–28% of our hospital cases (Series I-IV), was independently associated with reduced breast cancer specific survival (HR = 2.0, p = 0.035) and was consistently related to basal-like differentiation (by Cytokeratin 5, OR 8.7–13.8, p < 0.0005; P-cadherin OR 7.0–8.9, p < 0.0005; EGFR staining, OR 3.7–8.2, p ≤ 0.05). Nestin mRNA correlated significantly with Nestin protein expression (ρ = 0.6, p < 0.0005), and high levels were seen in the basal-like intrinsic subtype. Gene expression signalling pathways linked to high Nestin were explored, and revealed associations with stem-like tumour features. In summary, Nestin was strongly associated with germline BRCA1 related breast cancer, a basal-like phenotype, reduced survival, and stemness characteristics.
|
|
| 34. |
- Kurcewicz, W, et al.
(författare)
-
The nuclear structure of Fr-227
- 1997
-
Ingår i: NUCLEAR PHYSICS A. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0375-9474. ; 621:4, s. 827-852
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gamma-rays following the beta(-) decay of Rn-227 have been investigated by means of gamma-ray singles and gamma gamma-coincidence measurements using an array of 12 Compton-suppressed Ge detectors. The fast-timing beta gamma gamma(t) method has been us
|
|
| 35. |
- Laj, Paolo, et al.
(författare)
-
A global analysis of climate-relevant aerosol properties retrieved from the network of Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) near-surface observatories
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1867-1381 .- 1867-8548. ; 13:8, s. 4353-4392
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aerosol particles are essential constituents of the Earth's atmosphere, impacting the earth radiation balance directly by scattering and absorbing solar radiation, and indirectly by acting as cloud condensation nuclei. In contrast to most greenhouse gases, aerosol particles have short atmospheric residence times, resulting in a highly heterogeneous distribution in space and time. There is a clear need to document this variability at regional scale through observations involving, in particular, the in situ near-surface segment of the atmospheric observation system. This paper will provide the widest effort so far to document variability of climate-relevant in situ aerosol properties (namely wavelength dependent particle light scattering and absorption coefficients, particle number concentration and particle number size distribution) from all sites connected to the Global Atmosphere Watch network. High-quality data from almost 90 stations worldwide have been collected and controlled for quality and are reported for a reference year in 2017, providing a very extended and robust view of the variability of these variables worldwide. The range of variability observed worldwide for light scattering and absorption coefficients, single-scattering albedo, and particle number concentration are presented together with preliminary information on their long-term trends and comparison with model simulation for the different stations. The scope of the present paper is also to provide the necessary suite of information, including data provision procedures, quality control and analysis, data policy, and usage of the ground-based aerosol measurement network. It delivers to users of the World Data Centre on Aerosol, the required confidence in data products in the form of a fully characterized value chain, including uncertainty estimation and requirements for contributing to the global climate monitoring system.
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
- Pretorius, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Mortality and Morbidity in Mild Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Results From a 10-Year Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial of Versus Observation
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Annals of Internal Medicine. - : American College of Physicians. - 0003-4819 .- 1539-3704. ; 175:6, s. 812-819
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder associated with increased risk for fractures, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and cancer and increased mortality. In mild PHPT with modest hypercalcemia and without known morbidities, parathyroidectomy (PTX) is debated because no long-term randomized trials have been performed. Objective: To examine the effect of PTX on mild PHPT with regard to mortality (primary end point) and key morbidities (secondary end point). Design: Prospective randomized controlled trial. (ClinicalTrials. gov: NCT00522028) Setting: Eight Scandinavian referral centers. Patients: From 1998 to 2005, 191 patients with mild PHPT were included. Intervention: Ninety-five patients were randomly assigned to PTX, and 96 were assigned to observation without intervention (OBS). Measurements: Date and causes of death were obtained from the Swedish and Norwegian Cause of Death Registries 10 years after randomization and after an extended observation period lasting until 2018. Morbidity events were prospectively registered annually. Results: After 10 years, 15 patients had died (8 in the PTX group and 7 in the OBS group). Within the extended observation period, 44 deaths occurred, which were evenly distributed between groups (24 in the PTX group and 20 in the OBS group). A total of 101 morbidity events (cardiovascular events, cerebrovascular events, cancer, peripheral fractures, and renal stones) were also similarly distributed between groups (52 in the PTX group and 49 in the OBS group). During the study, a total of 16 vertebral fractures occurred in 14 patients (7 in each group). Limitation: During the study period, 23 patients in the PTX group and 27 in the OBS group withdrew. Conclusion: Parathyroidectomy does not appear to reduce morbidity or mortality in mild PHPT. Thus, no evidence of adverse effects of observation was seen for at least a decade with respect to mortality, fractures, cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, or renal morbidities. Primary Funding Source: Swedish government, Norwegian Research Council, and South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority
|
|
| 38. |
- Reynolds, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Evidence-based European recommendations for the dietary management of diabetes
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Diabetologia. - 0012-186X. ; 66:6, s. 965-985
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diabetes management relies on effective evidence-based advice that informs and empowers individuals to manage their health. Alongside other cornerstones of diabetes management, dietary advice has the potential to improve glycaemic levels, reduce risk of diabetes complications and improve health-related quality of life. We have updated the 2004 recommendations for the nutritional management of diabetes to provide health professionals with evidence-based guidelines to inform discussions with patients on diabetes management, including type 2 diabetes prevention and remission. To provide this update we commissioned new systematic reviews and meta-analyses on key topics, and drew on the broader evidence available. We have strengthened and expanded on the previous recommendations to include advice relating to dietary patterns, environmental sustainability, food processing, patient support and remission of type 2 diabetes. We have used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach to determine the certainty of evidence for each recommendation based on findings from the commissioned and identified systematic reviews. Our findings indicate that a range of foods and dietary patterns are suitable for diabetes management, with key recommendations for people with diabetes being largely similar for those for the general population. Important messages are to consume minimally processed plant foods, such as whole grains, vegetables, whole fruit, legumes, nuts, seeds and non-hydrogenated non-tropical vegetable oils, while minimising the consumption of red and processed meats, sodium, sugar-sweetened beverages and refined grains. The updated recommendations reflect the current evidence base and, if adhered to, will improve patient outcomes.
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
