| 1. |
- Agren, B, et al.
(författare)
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Radiography and bone scintigraphy in bone marrow transplant multiple myeloma patients
- 1997
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Ingår i: Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987). - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 38:1, s. 144-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To compare conventional radiography and bone scintigraphy in relation to clinical outcome in bone marrow transplant multiple myeloma patients. Material and Methods: A total of 70 radiographies and 70 bone scintigraphies were compared in 35 patients. Results: The skull, the extremities, the iliac and pubic bones were better assessed with radiography. For new vertebral lesions and for lesions in the ribs and sternum, bone scintigraphy proved superior. For the sacrum, the methods were equal. When bone scintigraphy was used as a complement to radiography, 4% more pathological sites were found. No patient had both a normal radiography and a pathological bone scintigraphy, but 5 patients had both a normal bone scintigraphy and a pathological radiography. The results of the radiological examinations did not always correlate with the clinician's grading of the patient's disease. The radiological examinations had no prognostic value for the 7 patients examined on several occasions. Conclusion: The ability of conventional radiography and bone scintigraphy to disclose myeloma lesions varies, depending on location and size of the lesions. Radiography should remain the primary examination modality also for bone marrow transplant multiple myeloma patients. Bone scintigrapy can serve as a complement for investigating unexplained pain, e.g. caused by lesions in vertebrae or ribs.
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| 2. |
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| 5. |
- Agren, B, et al.
(författare)
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MR imaging of multiple myeloma patients with bone-marrow transplants
- 1998
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Ingår i: Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987). - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 39:1, s. 36-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: to evaluate the role of MR imaging in the examination of multiple myeloma (MM) patients with bone-marrow transplants Material and Methods: A total of 40 MR examinations were made of 20 patients: 33 examinations of the spine and pelvis in 20/20 patients; and 7 examinations of the femora in 5/20 patients. the 40 examinations were evaluated and the results compared with those found at radiography. Altogether 13/20 patients were re-examined: 10 after 1 year (1 patient twice); and 3 after 2 years. Five sequences were tested, 3 of them first without and then with i.v. contrast enhancement Results: in 24/33 examinations, active MM lesions were shown by MR. in 16/33 examinations, MR showed greater spread and detectability than radiography. in the 5/20 femoral patients, 3 had a peripheral red bone-marrow extension in the femora. in the 13 re-examinations, the lesions had spread in 4 patients, were unchanged in 7, and had decreased in 2. the lesions were easier to detect with the turbo inversion recovery (TIR) technique and with fat saturation than with the conventional spin-echo sequences. Contrast enhancement made the lesions more conspicuous in 8/17 examinations Conclusion: MR has the potential to be a useful routine examination with T1-weighted and TIR sequences of selected areas, and without the use of contrast enhancement. However, further longitudinal studies are necessary in order to evaluate its possible predictive value
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| 6. |
- Danielsson, R, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of planar and SPECT scintimammography with 99mTc-sestamibi in the diagnosis of breast carcinoma
- 1999
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Ingår i: Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987). - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 40:2, s. 176-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To compare results of planar and SPECT breast imaging with 99mTc-MIBI in detecting primary breast cancer. Material and Methods: Twenty-six consecutive patients with 34 suspected breast lesions underwent both planar and SPECT scintimammography. Ten minutes after injection of 700 MBq 99mTc-MIBI, 2 prone lateral projections were obtained, followed by a supine anterior projection. Forty minutes after injection, a SPECT study was done. All lesions were operated upon and verified with histopathology. Results: A sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 88% of planar scintimammography in diagnosis of primary breast lesions were achieved. The corresponding values for SPECT were 61% and 64%. Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of planar scintimammography was not improved by using SPECT imaging.
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| 7. |
- Engelmark, O., et al.
(författare)
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Ecological effects and management aspects of an exotic tree species : the case of lodgepole pine in Sweden
- 2001
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Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 141:02-jan, s. 3-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The North American tree Pinus contorta var, latifolia was experimentally introduced in Sweden already in the 1920s, and has been used in Swedish forestry on a large scale since the 1970s. These plantations now cover 565,000 ha, mainly in the northern area. In this paper we summarize and discuss existing ecological knowledge of this species introduction. With regard to longterm sustainability we suggest management means to minimize harmful effects of the introduction on ecosystems. These include aspects of self dispersal, pests, ecosystem and landscape structures, and also ecological processes and biodiversity. We also focus on observed and possible interactions in the ecosystems. As Pinus contorta seeds are disseminated and trees regenerated outside initial plantations, this may have future bearings on biodiversity. We suggest a strategy which takes account of the uncertainty in predicting future ecological effects. The strategy includes areal restrictions and zones without Pinus contorta, but also to set up a monitoring program. Observations of adverse effects from the plantations would then give the possibility to adjust P. contorta management.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Jansik, B., et al.
(författare)
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Relativistic effects on linear and non-linear polarizabilities of the furan homologues
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Structure. - 0166-1280. ; 633:2-3, s. 237-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- First principles calculations including relativistic effects are carried out for dipole moments, polarizabilities, first- and second-order hyperpolarizabilities for the series of furan homologues XC4H 4, X = O, S, Se, Te, at three different levels of theory, time-dependent Dirac-Hartree-Fock (DHF), time-dependent Hartree-Fock with a Douglas-Kroll transformed one-component Hamiltonian, and time-dependent Hartree-Fock using effective-core potentials. By comparison with the corresponding non-relativistic results, the influence of relativistic effects on the properties as well as the accuracy of previously reported calculations on these molecules using effective-core potentials for selenium and tellurium can be addressed. The obtained results indicate that relativistic effects can be described with comparable accuracy at all three employed levels, and that non-scalar effects, which are explicitly treated only at the time-dependent DHF level, are of minor importance. Frequency dispersion and relativity are found to be additive at the single-determinant level. We find that relativistic effects cannot make up for the earlier identified mismatch between theory and experiment for the non-linear polarizabilities of the heavier homologues. A Bishop-Kirtman analysis of vibrational effects indicates that the same can be said about these. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Agren, B, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic scintigraphy of bone and bone marrow in multiple myeloma patients with bone-marrow transplants
- 1997
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Ingår i: Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987). - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 38:44 Pt 1, s. 533-538
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To determine whether dynamic registration at bone and bone-marrow scintigraphy produces additional information compared to subsequent static registrations of bone-marrow transplants in multiple myeloma patients. Material and Methods: In a prospective study, 8 dynamic bone and 6 dynamic bone-marrow scintigraphies were performed in 10 patients. The dynamic scintigraphies were compared with conventional radiography, MR images, and static scintigraphies of bone and bone marrow. Results: No additional information was revealed by the dynamic registration method; on the contrary, 4 of the 8 known lesions were not discerned at dynamic registration. An incidental observation was that the time-activity curves of both radiopharmaceuticals had a specific pattern. Conclusion: Dynamic registration at bone and bone-marrow scintigraphy was not useful for detecting disease in multiple myeloma lesions.
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| 21. |
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| 27. |
- Agren, P., et al.
(författare)
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Hysteretic current-voltage characteristics and Coulomb blockade in 1D-arrays of Josephson junctions
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physica. B, Condensed matter. - 0921-4526 .- 1873-2135. ; 280:04-jan, s. 414-415
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The IV characteristics (IVC) of 1D-arrays of small capacitance Josephson junctions with E-C similar to E-J have been measured. The IVC show Coulomb blockade of Cooper pair tunneling and exhibit a pronounced hysteresis which appears to be dual to the well-known resistively shunted junction behavior of ordinary Josephson junctions. A dual serially resistive junction model is used to qualitatively explain the measured data.
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| 28. |
- Agren, P., et al.
(författare)
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Kinetic inductance and Coulomb blockade in one dimensional Josephson junction arrays
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Low Temperature Physics. - 0022-2291 .- 1573-7357. ; 124:02-jan, s. 291-304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One dimensional Josephson junction arrays have been fabricated and current-voltage characteristics (IVC) have been measured at cryogenic temperatures. The arrays were fabricated in a SQUID-geometry which allowed an in. situ tuning of thc Josephson energy by application of a magnetic field. The IVC of thc arrays shows a clear Coulomb blockade state. In the Coulomb blockade regime the IVC are hysteretic, The array is modeled using a Serial resistive-inductive-junction model which is able to qualitatively explain the IVC. In this model an inductance of the order of 0.1-10 mH per Junction is needed to account for the hysteresis. Kinetic inductance. stemming from the inertia of the Cooper pairs. gives the correct order of magnitude. The problem of self-heating is also discussed as an alternative explanation of the hysteresis.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Bagesund, M, et al.
(författare)
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Correlation between quantitative salivary gland scintigraphy and salivary secretion rates in children and young adults treated for hematological, malignant and metabolic diseases
- 2000
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Ingår i: Dento-Maxillo-Facial Radiology. - 0250-832X .- 1476-542X. ; 29:5, s. 264-271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To study the correlation between whole salivary secretion rates and different variables from the radionuclide time-activity curve and to determine a reliable region for background correction in salivary gland scintigraphy. Methods: Salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS) was performed before bone marrow transplantation or more than 4 years later in 23 patients aged 13.5 (s.d. 4.9) years. Unstimulated and stimulated whole salivary secretion rates were measured before SGS. Six different methods for background correction were evaluated. Results: The unstimulated secretion rate was significantly correlated (P<0.05) with the percentage stimulated secretion (S) and reaccumulation-slope (RS) after stimulation. The stimulated secretion rate was significantly correlated with RS, S and down-slope (DS). The temporal region above the parotid glands and the area above the thyroid gland was used for subtraction of background radiation for the parotid and submandibular glands respectively showed a strong correlation between repeated measurements of the variables analysed. The mean maximum uptake was 0.73-1.34% of total dose injected. Conclusions: The salivary scintigraphic variables which correlated more strongly with salivary secretion rates were RS, S and DS. The temporal region above the parotid gland and the area above the thyroid gland can be used reliably for correction background radiation in the analysis of the time-activity curve in SGS of the parotid and submandibular glands respectively.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Bagesund, M, et al.
(författare)
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Scintigraphic study of the major salivary glands in pediatric bone marrow transplant recipients
- 2000
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Ingår i: Bone Marrow Transplantation. - 0268-3369 .- 1476-5365. ; 26:7, s. 775-779
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Total body irradiation (TBI) at bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is shown to cause salivary gland dysfunction in children. The aim of the investigation was to study the function of major salivary glands in long-term surviving children following treatment with TBI, using salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS), Thirteen patients (seven male, six female), who had received TBI before the age of 13 years and survived more than 4 years, participated in the study. A reference group of 10 patients (nine male, one female) was examined shortly before they were to undergo BMT, The mean age was 14.1 +/- 4.1 years in the TBI-treated group and 12.8 +/- 5.9 years in the reference group, Unstimulated and stimulated whole salivary secretion rates were measured for 15 and 5 min, respectively, before SGS was performed, The percentage of stimulated secretion was 44.7 +/- 18.1% in the TBI-treated group compared to 58.4 +/- 13.0% in the reference group (P = 0.0438). Slower reaccumulation after excretion was found in the TBI-treated patients compared to the reference group (P = 0.0300). The function of the major salivary glands in long-term survivors treated with TBI at BMT before the age of 13 years was found to be diminished, as shown by the reduced trapping rate and reduced emptying capacity, compared to prior to BMT.
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| 34. |
- Bergkvist, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Pools and fluxes of carbon in three Norway spruce ecosystems along a climatic gradient in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Biogeochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0168-2563 .- 1573-515X. ; 89:1, s. 7-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an integrated analysis of organic carbon (C) pools in soils and vegetation, within-ecosystem fluxes and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) in three 40-year old Norway spruce stands along a north-south climatic gradient in Sweden, measured 2001-2004. A process-orientated ecosystem model (CoupModel), previously parameterised on a regional dataset, was used for the analysis. Pools of soil organic carbon (SOC) and tree growth rates were highest at the southernmost site (1.6 and 2.0-fold, respectively). Tree litter production (litterfall and root litter) was also highest in the south, with about half coming from fine roots (< 1 mm) at all sites. However, when the litter input from the forest floor vegetation was included, the difference in total litter input rate between the sites almost disappeared (190-233 g C m(-2) year(-1)). We propose that a higher N deposition and N availability in the south result in a slower turnover of soil organic matter than in the north. This effect seems to overshadow the effect of temperature. At the southern site, 19% of the total litter input to the O horizon was leached to the mineral soil as dissolved organic carbon, while at the two northern sites the corresponding figure was approx. 9%. The CoupModel accurately described general C cycling behaviour in these ecosystems, reproducing the differences between north and south. The simulated changes in SOC pools during the measurement period were small, ranging from -8 g C m(-2) year(-1) in the north to +9 g C m(-2) year(-1) in the south. In contrast, NEE and tree growth measurements at the northernmost site suggest that the soil lost about 90 g C m(-2) year(-1).
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Douglas, Gavin M., et al.
(författare)
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Hybrid origins and the earliest stages of diploidization in the highly successful recent polyploid Capsella bursa-pastoris
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 112:9, s. 2806-2811
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whole-genome duplication (WGD) events have occurred repeatedly during flowering plant evolution, and there is growing evidence for predictable patterns of gene retention and loss following polyploidization. Despite these important insights, the rate and processes governing the earliest stages of diploidization remain poorly understood, and the relative importance of genetic drift, positive selection, and relaxed purifying selection in the process of gene degeneration and loss is unclear. Here, we conduct whole-genome resequencing in Capsella bursa-pastoris, a recently formed tetraploid with one of the most widespread species distributions of any angiosperm. Whole-genome data provide strong support for recent hybrid origins of the tetraploid species within the past 100,000-300,000 y from two diploid progenitors in the Capsella genus. Major-effect inactivating mutations are frequent, but many were inherited from the parental species and show no evidence of being fixed by positive selection. Despite a lack of large-scale gene loss, we observe a decrease in the efficacy of natural selection genome-wide due to the combined effects of demography, selfing, and genome redundancy from WGD. Our results suggest that the earliest stages of diploidization are associated with quantitative genome-wide decreases in the strength and efficacy of selection rather than rapid gene loss, and that non-functionalization can receive a head start through a legacy of deleterious variants and differential expression originating in parental diploid populations.
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| 40. |
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| 43. |
- Hallmans, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular disease and diabetes in the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study Cohort : evaluation of risk factors and their interactions.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. Supplement Links. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4956 .- 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 61, s. 18-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is, first, to describe the organization, sampling procedures, availability of samples/database, ethical considerations, and quality control program of the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study Cohort. Secondly, some examples are given of studies on cardiovascular disease and diabetes with a focus on the biomarker programme. The cohort has been positioned as a national and international resource for scientific research.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Haviland, David B., et al.
(författare)
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Quantum phase transition in one-dimensional Josephson junction arrays
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 352:04-jan, s. 55-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe experiments on one-dimensional arrays of small capacitance Josephson junctions which show how the Coulomb blockade of Cooper pair tunneling is influenced by changing the Josephson coupling energy in situ with an externally applied magnetic flux. We show how the zero bias resistance of the array is affected by the length of the array, and we use the length scaling of this resistance to infer that a quantum phase transition occurs as the Josephson coupling energy is changed. The data are qualitatively analyzed in terms of a theoretical model of the quantum phase transition which uses a mapping to the two-dimensional XY model.
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| 46. |
- Haviland, David B., et al.
(författare)
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Superconducting and insulating behavior in one-dimensional Josephson junction arrays
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Low Temperature Physics. - 0022-2291 .- 1573-7357. ; 118:06-maj, s. 733-749
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experiments on one-dimensional small capacitance Josephson Junction arrays are described. The arrays have a junction capacitance that is much larger than the stray capacitance of the electrodes, which we argue is important for observation of Coulomb blockade. The Josephson energy can be tuned in situ and an evolution from Josephson-like to Coulomb blockade behavior is observed. This evolution can be described as a superconducting to insulating, quantum phase transition. In the Coulomb blockade state, hysteretic current-voltage characteristics are described by a dynamic model which is dual to the resistively shunted junction model of classical Josephson junctions.
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| 47. |
- Henriksson, K M, et al.
(författare)
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Development of hypertension over 6 years in a birth cohort of young middle-aged men: the Cardiovascular Risk Factor Study in southern Sweden (CRISS).
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 252:1, s. 21-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To explore the development of hypertension (HT) in a cohort of young middle-aged men. DESIGN: Prospective birth-cohort study of men surveyed over 6 years. SETTING: Helsingborg County Hospital, Sweden, 1990-97. SUBJECTS: A total of 628 men born in 1953-54, all surveyed at 37, 40 and 43 years of age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), S-cholesterol, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, ethnicity. HT was defined as SBP > or = 140 mmHg and/or DBP > or = 90 mmHg, or ongoing treatment. Using SBP < 130 mmHg and DBP < 85 mmHg as reference, the odds of conversion to HT in men with high normal blood pressure (BP) (SBP 130-139 mmHg and DBP 85-89 mmHg) was investigated. RESULTS: At age 37, 243 men (39%) had reference BP, 167 (26%) had high normal BP and 218 (35%) were hypertensive. Corresponding numbers at age 40 were 265 (42%), 166 (27%) and 197 (31%); and at age 43, 180 (29%), 142 (22%) and 306 (49%), respectively. High normal BP at baseline was associated with the development of HT both at age 40 (odds ratio (OR)=2.45 confidence interval (CI): 1.42-4.22) and at age 43 (OR=2.46, CI: 1.59-3.80), independent of other cardiovascular disease risk factors and ethnicity. The progression to HT was predicted also by S-cholesterol, alcohol consumption, BMI and weight gain. CONCLUSIONS: Over a short-term period, a substantial proportion of young middle-aged men with high normal BP develop HT with overweight and alcohol consumption as important determinants. These findings have implications for the prevention, screening and medical care of HT in this target population.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Hyvonen, R., et al.
(författare)
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The likely impact of elevated [CO2], nitrogen deposition, increased temperature and management on carbon sequestration in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems: a literature review
- 2007
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Ingår i: New Phytologist. - Cambridge : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 173:3, s. 463-480
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Temperate and boreal forest ecosystems contain a large part of the carbon stored on land, in the form of both biomass and soil organic matter. Increasing atmospheric [CO2], increasing temperature, elevated nitrogen deposition and intensified management will change this C store. Well documented single-factor responses of net primary production are: higher photosynthetic rate (the main [CO2] response); increasing length of growing season (the main temperature response); and higher leaf-area index (the main N deposition and partly [CO2] response). Soil organic matter will increase with increasing litter input, although priming may decrease the soil C stock initially, but litter quality effects should be minimal (response to [CO2], N deposition, and temperature); will decrease because of increasing temperature; and will increase because of retardation of decomposition with N deposition, although the rate of decomposition of high-quality litter can be increased and that of low-quality litter decreased. Single-factor responses can be misleading because of interactions between factors, in particular those between N and other factors, and indirect effects such as increased N availability from temperature-induced decomposition. In the long term the strength of feedbacks, for example the increasing demand for N from increased growth, will dominate over short-term responses to single factors. However, management has considerable potential for controlling the C store.
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