| 1. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the quality of the dyadic relationship in first-time parents: development of a new instrument.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of family nursing. - Thousand Oaks, Calif. : SAGE Publications. - 1074-8407 .- 1552-549X. ; 11:1, s. 19-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this research was to psychometrically evaluate the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), modified for use with new, first-time parents by extending the items of communication, sensuality, and sexuality. A total of 820 Swedish respondents, 6 months after the birth of their first child, participated in the study. Psychometric evaluation was conducted with factor analysis. The obtained factor structure was tested with multitrait analysis program. Thirty-three items were found to fit into a five-factor solution, explaining 50% of the total variance. Descriptive data revealed that most new parents were satisfied with their intimate relationship in general, but dissatisfied with their sexual lives. The modified DAS, now called the Quality of Dyadic Relationship Instrument includes 33 items and seems to be a useful, updated measurement for assessing quality of the intimate relationship in new first-time parents.
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| 2. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950
(författare)
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Experienced sexual & reproductive health quality in first-time parents – a longitudinal study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Svenska Barnmorskeförbundets konferensbok. - 9789163383823
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: When a couple gets their first child, the relationship is affected by the baby being in the focus of attention, usually at the expense of the couple’s intimate relationship. Regarding the relatively high level of separations and divorces among parents of pre-school children, it was important to follow couples over time, as there is no such research in Scandinavia. The Purpose was therefore to describe experienced sexual health and quality in the intimate relationship in first-time parents at 6 months, 4 and 8 years after delivery of first child. Method was a longitudinal study using mainly the instrument Quality of Dyadic Relationship (QDR) and analyses with Friedman’s test and Multiple regression analysis. The Results showed a decline in QDR-index at 4 years that had turned upwards at 8 years. However, dyadic Sensuality declined at both 4 and 8 years, and dyadic Sexuality remained at a low level at all three times. Covariates of the quality of the dyadic relationship were stated. The Conclusion is that parents of pre-school children are in the need of great support, for instance by the midwife giving anti-conception counseling, to experience well-being in the intimate relationship , which is essential for the stability of the couple’s relationship as well as the health of the whole family.
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| 3. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Factors influencing the quality of intimate relationships six months after delivery--first-time parents' own views and coping strategies.
- 2006
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Ingår i: J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. - 0167-482X. ; 27:3, s. 163-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe and analyze first-time parents’ experiences of factors that affect the quality of their intimate relationship and the way they cope with their situation six months after delivery. The method used was inductive qualitative content analysis of two open questions in a larger questionnaire. The data is based on 535 respondents’ statements. The factors affecting the quality of the intimate relationship were available or missing and could be classified into four categories. 1. ‘Coping by adjustment to parental role’, e.g., mutual support as new parents, 2. ‘The couple’s ‘intimacy’, i.e., togetherness and love, 3. ‘Coping by communication’, i.e., verbal and non-verbal mutual confirmation, and 4. ‘Coping with external conditions’, e.g., by seeking social support. The results are described in a model, which could constitute a basis for the promotion of health in family health care, with the aim, if possible, of preventing unnecessary separations/divorces after couples become parents.
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| 4. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Föräldraskap och parrelation
- 2013
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Ingår i: Omvårdnad på avancerad nivå. Kärnkompetenser inom sjuksköterskans specialistområden. A-K. Edberg, A. Ehrenberg, F. Friberg, L. Wallin, H. Wijk & J. Öhlén (red). Artikelsamling på bokens webbutgåva.. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144071459
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Att bli förälder är bland de största händelserna i livet med många förändringar, både på personnivå och vad gäller rutiner och andra praktikaliteter i dagligt liv. Det är en känslosam tid som möjliggör förändrad livsinriktning men också ger en ökad utsatthet. Föräldraskapet är livslångt. I detta kapitel beskrivs olika dimensioner i föräldrablivandet samt hur parrelationer kan påverkas av det tidiga föräldraskapet, d.v.s. de första åren som förälder. Målet med den hälso- sjukvård och omsorg som ges till par i samband med övergången till föräldraskap är att främja hälsa och välbefinnande. Barnmorskan på Mödravårdscentral och inom förlossningsverksamhet har en nyckelroll i vård och stöd till blivande och nyblivna föräldrar. Specialistsjuksköterskan vid neonatalvårdsenhet och barnavårdscentral har också central roll. Andra specialistsjuksköterskor kan komma att vårda blivande och nyblivna föräldrar och oftast sker detta i samband med att komplikationer inträffar1. Också andra professioner är centrala och har stor möjlighet att i samverkan stödja de nyblivna föräldrarna i föräldraskapet och i deras parrelation. Centralt vid vård och omsorg som ges i samband med parrelation och föräldraskap, precis som i all hälso- och sjukvård, är att den är evidensbaserad, samt anpassad till och centrerad på den enskilda personen med fungerande kommunikation och tillräcklig information.
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| 5. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950
(författare)
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Kondomanvändning som skydd mot STI – salutogena aspekter
- 2013
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Ingår i: Omvårdnad på avancerad nivå. Kärnkompetenser inom sjuksköterskans specialistområden. A-K. Edberg, A. Ehrenberg, F. Friberg, L. Wallin, H. Wijk & J. Öhlén (red). Artikelsamling på bokens webbutgåva. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144071459
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- En stor utmaning för barnmorskan på ungdomsmottagning och den specialistsjuksköterskan som arbetar som skolsköterska är att, i samverkan med annan skolpersonal, arbeta personcentrerat och hälsofrämjande genom att öka kondomanvändningen i syfte att minska spridningen av könssjukdomar, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI ) och i detta sammanhang även utnyttja Internet. I denna text kommer kondomanvändningens komplexitet och hinder att tas upp men även dess fördelar och möjligheter för sjuksköterskan att arbeta salutogent för att främja sexuell hälsa.
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| 6. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Perception of marital quality by parents with small children: a follow-up study when the firstborn is 4 years old.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of family nursing. - : SAGE Publications. - 1074-8407 .- 1552-549X. ; 15:2, s. 237-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish couples' perceptions of their marital quality when their firstborn was 6 months old and then 4 years later were studied in 2002 and 2006, respectively. The results show that almost half of the 368 responding parents were satisfied with their marital relationship both in 2002 and 2006 as assessed by a modified Dyadic Adjustment Scale. However, a study of the various dimensions showed a significant decrease in marital quality. Housework and child care were perceived as having a greater strain on the relationship between couples who had had additional children during this period. Dyadic Sexuality and Dyadic Cohesion were the most significant predictors of marital quality. Covariates of marital quality in the group with additional children were "partner relation and parenthood perceived as a strain" and "perceived social support." The results emphasize the need for supportive interventions for parents with children aged 0 to 4 years.
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| 7. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of dyadic relationships in Swedish men and women living in long-term ralationships and in couples of family counselling : Introduction of a new self-report meassure, QDR36
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nordic Psychology. - Boston, Göttingen : Informa UK Limited. - 1901-2276 .- 1904-0016. ; 61:3, s. 23-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There has long been a need for a well-balanced, comprehensive and up-dated self-report measure of dyadic relationship quality. The aim was to test the new Quality of Dyadic Relationship, QDR, on 90 men and women living in long-term relationships and on 94 men and women constituting 47 couples visiting family counselling. In the first group A, the experienced entire quality of the relationship, QDR index, was found to be 22, with a possible range between 5 and 30, which means rather a good quality in the relationship. The dimension Dyadic Consensus showed the highest marks together with Dyadic Satisfaction, indicating that these men and women did not just stay together by force of habit. In group B, the QDR-index was 20 before and 22 after counselling. Dyadic Sexuality was found to be lowest in both group A and B. QDR seems to be an instrument with good validity and reliability also in these study groups, according to the factor structure and Cronbach’s alpha. The entire QDR36 is hereby introduced and presented ready for use in different kinds of relationships.
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| 8. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Sense of Coherence in first-time parents – a longitudinal study.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - 1403-4948. ; 41:6, s. 623-629
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Antonovsky’s idea of sense of coherence (SOC) is related to wellbeing and is of importance for individuals in public health care. SOC in parents with healthy children has not previously been studied. The objectives of this study were (1) to describe the SOC of first-time parents during the first 8 years of their child’s life, (2) to describe gender differences in regards to SOC, and (3) to describe covariates with SOC in the parents’ life situations. Methods: The study was longitudinal comprising three cross-sectional studies conducted when the first child was 6 months (T1), 4 years (T2), and 8 years (T3) of age. A sample of 258 mothers and fathers answered a questionnaire on the experienced quality of their partner relationship (QDR36) on all three occasions. SOC was measured using the SOC-13, and psychosocial variables were included at T2 and T3. Descriptive, comparative statistics and multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: SOC decreased for both genders at T2 and increased again at T3. At T1 and T2 the fathers’ SOC was statistically higher than that of the mothers, but at T3 this difference could no longer be statistically secured. Covariates at T2 were QDR index, social support, experience of parenthood, strained economy, and health. Covariates at T3 were experience of parenthood and social support, QDR index, and strained economy. Conclusions: SOC in first-time parents decreased at 4 years, especially in mothers, and social support can be of significance for parents of young children to be able to experience health.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Sensual and sexual marital contentment in parents of small children--a follow-up study when the first child is four years old.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of sex research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-4499 .- 1559-8519. ; 45:3, s. 295-304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This follow-up study explored parents' (N=452) intimate relationships when their firstborn child was 6 months old and then 4 years later. The measurement used was a modified version of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, DAS. The present results show that most parents responding were content sensually at 6 months postpartum in 2002 and 4 years later, in 2006. More parents had changed from being sensually content in 2002 to discontent in 2006, than the contrary, however, and the sexual contentment remained low. The average sexual frequency was low both at 6 months and at 4 years for both parents with and without additional children. Experiencing tiredness as a hindrance to having sex was perceived as a greater problem among those parents without additional children. Prospective regression analyses indicated that sexuality was significantly related to both sensual and sexual contentment 4 years later. Sexuality was also one of the most significant covariates in the cross-sectional regression analysis for sensual contentment. Since sexuality plays a central role in partner well-being, it may be an important target for helping parents with small children.
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| 11. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950
(författare)
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Sexualitet och äldre – hinder och möjligheter
- 2013
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Ingår i: Omvårdnad på avancerad nivå. Kärnkompetenser inom sjuksköterskans specialistområden. A-K. Edberg, A. Ehrenberg, F. Friberg, L. Wallin, H. Wijk & J. Öhlén (red). Artikelsamling på bokens webbutgåva. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144071459
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Denna text kommer att handla om vad specialistsjuksköterskans och barnmorskans har för möjligheter att främja sexuell hälsa hos äldre. Genom personcentrerad omvårdnad och god kommunikation med patienten och genom samverkan i team kan sexuell hälsa främjas, vilket kan vara av mycket stor vikt för livskvaliteten i slutet av livet.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Berg, Marie, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärdering av manuella förlossningssimulatorer i barnmorskeutbildning - Ett pedagogiskt utvecklingsprojekt
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund och syfte: Sedan hösten 2008 används nyinköpta simulatorer i undervisningen i barnmorskeprogrammet. Detta möjliggjordes genom att programmet på beslut av dekanus och dåvarande grundutbildningsrådet beviljade 150 000 kr för inköp av nya simulatorer. Syftet med föreliggande projekt var att undersöka om färdighetsträning med hjälp av manuella förlossningssimulatorer kan förbättra barnmorskestudenters färdigheter inför den första verksamhetsförlagda utbildningen (VFU) inom förlossningsvård. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en intervention där träning med de nya simulatorerna jämfördes med träning enligt gängse rutin. Studiepopulationen utgjordes av en interventionsgrupp av 34 studenter från program med start hösten 2008, och en jämförelsegrupp av 33 studenter från program med start hösten 2007. Utvärdering skedde i form av sex frågeformulär. Resultat: Interventionsgruppen skiljde sig signifikant från jämförelsegruppen i flera avseenden. Redskapen och träningen i olika moment under förlossning var mer verklighetstrogna och de olika momenten under en förlossning hade tränats i högre grad. Vidare hade träningen i högre grad givit förståelse för såväl förlossningsförlopp som barnmorskans roll. I interventionsgruppen var fler studenter nöjda med förlossningsträningen, dock önskades ytterligare tillfällen av träning. Det fanns ingen skillnad mellan grupperna avseende självskattad känsla av säkerhet och trygghet innan påbörjad VFU. Efter avslutad VFU kände sig interventionsgruppen tryggare i förlossningssituation avseende handläggande av framfödandet av barnets huvud och axlar. Konklusion: Projektet visade att simulatorträning med de nya modellerna har gett bättre förståelse av förlossningsförloppet och god träning av olika moment. Simulatorträningen kan dock förbättras ytterligare utifrån givna konkreta förslag från studenterna.
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| 14. |
- Dellve, Lotta, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Partner relationships and long-term sick leave among female workers: consequences and impact on dimensions of health and return to work
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 26:4, s. 720-729
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few efforts have been made to prospectively identify resources and obstacles outside work that may predict regained work ability and return to work when workers are on sick leave. This study investigates the association between partner relationships and sick leave. Our research questions were as follows: (i) What is the influence of sick leave, pain, stress and domestic strain on the quality of the dyadic partner relationship?, and (ii) What is the influence of the partner and social relationship on pain, stress, work ability, self-rated health and return to work? A cohort of female workers (n = 225) on long-term sick leave (>60 days), all in a partner relationship, at 6-month intervals completed a questionnaire based on the Quality of Dyadic Relationship (QDR) instrument, the Interview Schedule of Social Interaction (ISSI), the Work Ability Index (WAI) and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Univariate and multivariate analyses of baseline and prospective data were performed. The results showed that decreased partner relationship quality was related to having major responsibility for household work despite being on sick leave, having pain and having decreased social integration. Among younger individuals on sick leave, a reduction in the quality of the partner relationship was shown already at the first (6-month) follow-up, while among middle-aged women, such a reduction was seen only at the 12-month follow-up. No dimensions of partner relationship quality at baseline were related to dimensions of return to work, either as a resource or as an obstacle. Consequently, our results show that a good relationship does not keep the woman from returning to work. Having main responsibility for household work, which implies domestic strain while on sick leave, predicts lower partner relationship quality. The practical implications are that healthcare professionals treating women on sick leave should emphasize the importance of keeping a social network as well as making sufficient adjustments at home for the relationship quality to be safeguarded. Special attention should be given to the young woman on sick leave as being on sick leave seems to influence her partner relationship considerably.
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| 15. |
- Hansson, Malin, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Factors contributing to separation/divorce in parents of small children in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nordic Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1901-2276 .- 1904-0016. ; 68:1, s. 40-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate factors contributing to separation and divorce in first-time parents. Methods: Quantitatively analyzing data using Mann–Whitney-U-test, Chi-square and logistic regression analysis test from separated and non-separated mothers and fathers, when first child was sixmonths and four years of age. Outcome measures were quality of dyadic relationship,QDRindex and its dimensions and variables. Also, a qualitative content analysis of comments to one open question about contributing factors to the experienced situation fromthe separated parents (n ¼ 39) was conducted. Results: The experienced quality of the relationship measured with QDRindex and especially Dyadic Satisfaction, Dyadic Consensus and also Dyadic Cohesion showed a statistically secured difference between the groups of separated and non-separated parents. The qualitative description showed seven categories of factors contributing to separation: Strains from parenthood, Stressful conditions, Lack of intimacy, Insufficient communication, Differing personalities & interests, No commitment, and Negative effects of addiction. The described factors were in accordance with the factors described in earlier non-Swedish research. Some of the factors may be possibly prevented from leading to separation, such as lack of equality, insufficient communication and lack of intimacy. Conclusion: Primary health professionals meet the majority of parents-to-be and new parents and should therefore take on the task of supporting them in their relationships, thereby helping to prevent unnecessary separations.
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| 16. |
- Hansson, Malin, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of the intimate and sexual relationship in first-time parents – A longitudinal study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-5756. ; 3:1, s. 21-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To describe experienced relationship quality, and in particular sensuality and sexuality, in first-time parents over time from when the firstborn is six months (T1), four years (T2) and eight years (T3) of age, to describe gender differences and the factors which may affect experienced relationship quality. Method: A longitudinal design with repeated measures using the self-reporting questionnaire Quality of Dyadic Relationship, QDR36, which was answered by 258 parents at all three occasions. Data was analysed primarily using Friedman’s test and multiple regression analysis. Results: The relationship quality statistically significantly decreased at T2 and then significantly increased again at T3 but not back to the level of origin at T1 (p < 0.000). Both sexes showed a similar change over time in the QDR-index. The dimension Dyadic Sensuality statistically significantly decreased at all three occasions (p < 0.000) and Dyadic Sexuality showed no significant differences over time but remained at a low level at all three occasions. Sexual Frequency and Contentment decreased at T3 after a small increase at T2. Four covariates of perceived relationship quality at T3 were statistically significant; strained relationship with the child, strained health, Sense of Coherence and strained economy. Cronbach’s alpha showed a high reliability (0.95) at T3 and indicates a development of the QDR 36. Conclusion: The results showing low intimacy in the relationship indicate a need of support from professionals, e.g. midwives, to couples with small children, for instance by enhancing communication skills and emphasizing the role of sensuality and sexuality.
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| 17. |
- Lindblom, Britta, et al.
(författare)
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Kvinnors upplevelse av hur underliv och samliv förändrats efter barnafödande : WOMEN’S EXPERIENCE OF CHANGES IN GENITALS AND THE INTIMATE RELATIONSHIP AFTER CHILDBIRTH
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. Nordic Journal of Nursing Research. - 0107-4083. ; 32:3 2012, s. 13-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Childbirth affects women’s bodies and can cause changes to the genital area. Few previous studies describe the effects of these changes over longer periods. This study examines how women experience changes to their genitals and sexual relationships 3-7 years after a vaginal delivery. Two open questions in a survey were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Part one of the study describes how 701 women experienced changes in the genital area and part two describes the ways in which 256 women thought their sexual relationship had improved since childbirth. In part one, seven categories emerged: dilated vagina, weakened pelvic muscles, changed sensibility, affected body perception and sexuality, effect on menstruation/ovulation and rectal inconvenience. Seven positively affected categories emerged in part two: sexual function, cohesion, self-confidence, body perception, self-esteem, life experience and fertility. Changes were thus primarily experienced as negative, but positive aspects were also expressed. Genital problems appear to be common after delivery and may affect women’s quality of life. More women can receive professional help and thereby a sense of wellbeing by our asking questions and drawing attention to the problem. Informing women about how sexual life can be improved is important as most research discusses complications after delivery.
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| 18. |
- Nilsson, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Use of non-medical contraceptive methods: a survey of women in western Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1362-5187 .- 1473-0782. ; 23:6, s. 400-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To describe women's self-reported use of non-medical contraceptive methods (including barrier methods, fertility awareness-based methods and withdrawal), explore reasons for and satisfaction with choice of contraceptive methods and examine women's fertility awareness. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among women consulting at primary healthcare clinics not using medical contraceptives. Results: Most of the 648 participants (67%) reported using a mix of condom use, withdrawal and a calendar method, while 23% used only condoms. Eleven percent reported using the Billings ovulation method, diaphragm/cap or fertility monitor and found these methods highly satisfactory. A majority of the women who primarily used condoms also reported being satisfied. Most women actively chose non-medical contraception because it was perceived as without adverse effects, uncomplicated and effective. Fertility awareness was generally poor. Conclusion: Frequent use of withdrawal and a calendar method, as well as poor fertility awareness, suggests a need for improved counselling at contraceptive clinics on fertility awareness and more effective non-medical contraceptive methods to assist women in making an informed contraceptive choice.
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| 19. |
- Saastad, Eli, et al.
(författare)
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Fetal Movement Counting - Effects on Maternal-Featal Attachment: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2011
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Ingår i: BIRTH. - 1523-536X. ; 38:4, s. 282-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Women presenting with decreased fetal movement have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Fetal movement counting may be associated with improvement in maternal-fetal attachment, which in turn, improves pregnancy outcome and postnatal mother–infant attachment. The study aim was to test whether maternal-fetal attachment differed between groups of mothers who systematically performed fetal movement counting and mothers who followed standard antenatal care where routine fetal movement counting was discouraged. Methods: In a multicenter, randomized trial, 1,123 women were assigned to either systematic fetal movement counting from pregnancy week 28 or to standard antenatal care. This study sample included primarily white, cohabiting, nonsmoking, and relatively well-educated women. The outcome measure was maternal-fetal attachment, measured by using the Prenatal Attachment Inventory. Analysis was by intention-to-treat. Results: No difference was found between the groups in the scores on prenatal attachment; the means and standard deviations were 59.54 (9.39) and 59.43 (9.35) for the intervention and the control groups, respectively (p = 0.747). The mean difference between the groups was 0.20 (95% CI: 1.02–1.42). Conclusions: Fetal movement counting in the third trimester does not stimulate antenatal maternal-fetal attachment. This result differs from a previous study where fetal movement counting improved maternal-fetal attachment. Further research with a focus on possible mediating factors such as levels of stress, concern, and other psychological factors is required.
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| 20. |
- Saastad, Eli, et al.
(författare)
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Low maternal awareness of fetal movement is associated with small for gestational age infants.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of midwifery & women's health. - : Wiley. - 1542-2011 .- 1526-9523. ; 53:4, s. 345-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our aim was to identify associations between information given to pregnant women about fetal activity, level of maternal awareness of fetal activity, maternal concern about decreased fetal movement, and pregnancy outcomes. This was a population-based cross-sectional study. Mothers with a singleton delivery were invited to answer an anonymous structured questionnaire before discharge from the delivery unit. Six hundred and ninety-one mothers participated (60.4% of eligible women). Women were highly aware of fetal activity. Yet, 25% did not receive any information from care providers about expected normal fetal activity. Receiving information about fetal activity was associated with increased maternal awareness (odds ratio, 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-3.4). Low maternal awareness of fetal activity was associated with an increased risk of having a small for gestational age infant (odds ratio, 6.5; 95% CI, 3.5-12.3). Expectations about the normal frequency of fetal movements, as reported by the mothers, varied from 25 kicks/hour to 3 kicks/24 hours. Receiving information about expected fetal activity was associated with maternal concerns about decreased fetal movement, but not with improved outcomes. We conclude that receiving information about expected fetal activity was associated with maternal concerns, but not with improved outcomes.
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| 21. |
- Strandell, Annika, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Spiralinsättning hos 0-gravida
- 2009
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Ingår i: Poster presentation på nationell konferens i Svensk Förening för obstetrik och gynekologi, Norrköping, 26-27 augusti 2009..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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