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- Kuendig, H, et al.
(författare)
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Beyond drinking: differential effects of demographic and socioeconomic factors on alcohol-related adverse consequences across European countries
- 2008
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Ingår i: European addiction research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9891 .- 1022-6877. ; 14:3, s. 150-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Background/Aims:</i> Evidence underlines the importance of drinking patterns and individual characteristics in experiencing adverse alcohol-related consequences; however, little research has been conducted to explore who does and who does not experience consequences with similar drinking patterns. Using data from seven European countries, this study assesses the association between demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and six adverse consequences. <i>Methods:</i> Conditional logistic regression models were estimated, cases (experiencing a consequence) being matched to controls (not experiencing the consequence) by drinking patterns. <i>Results:</i> In general, protective effects with increasing age and being in a partnership were consistent. Gender effects were mixed, but mainly protective for women. Educational achievement and economic status showed consistent effects across countries, but different directions of effect across consequences. Consequences mostly associated with individual drinking pattern <i>(injury, blackout</i>, and <i>loss of control over drinking)</i> exhibited similar patterns of associations, but varying ones arose for consequences additionally influenced by societal reaction to drinking <i>(guilt</i>, <i>role failure</i>, and <i>pressure to cut down drinking)</i>. <i>Conclusion:</i> Differences in strengths and directions of effects across consequences pointed to the possibility that the reporting of adverse consequences is not only influenced by alcohol consumption, but also by attributional processes related to demographic and socioeconomic statuses.
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- Wang, C, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic efficacy of MnDPDP in MR imaging of the liver. A phase III multicentre study
- 1997
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - 1600-0455 .- 0284-1851. ; 38:4, s. 643-649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To assess the diagnostic efficacy, safety and tolerability of mangafodipir trisodium (MnDPDP, Teslascan) in MR imaging of the liver. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty-two patients from 4 centres underwent MR imaging with pre-contrast sequences including T1-weighted SE and GRE, and T2-weighted turbo SE sequences. MnDPDP at a dose of 5 mumol/kg b.w. was administered by slow i.v. infusion, and 20-60 min after infusion the T1-weighted SE and GRE sequences were repeated. Diagnostic efficacy was evaluated by counting the number of lesions and by evaluating whether more information for lesion characterisation was available in post-contrast images. Safety and tolerability were assessed by recording adverse events and infusion-related discomfort. RESULTS: Significantly more lesions were found in MnDPDP-enhanced T1-weighted SE and GRE images than in unenhanced images of the same sequences. More lesions were also found in these images compared with T2-weighted images at a level of marginal significance. More information was obtained from MnDPDP-enhanced images in 40 cases. Mild to moderate adverse events were experienced by 17% of the patients. CONCLUSION: MnDPDP-enhanced images can improve lesion detection in the liver and are helpful for lesion characterisation. To obtain optimal diagnostic information of liver lesions T2-weighted images are also valuable. MnDPDP is a safe contrast agent for MR imaging of liver lesions.
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- Hall, Kirsten Sundby, et al.
(författare)
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Adjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative radiotherapy in high-risk soft tissue sarcoma patients defined by biological risk factors-A Scandinavian Sarcoma Group study (SSG XX)
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 99, s. 78-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the outcome following adjuvant doxorubicin and ifosfamide in a prospective non-randomised study based on a soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patient subgroup defined by specific morphological characteristics previously shown to be at a high-risk of metastatic relapse. The expected 5-year cumulative incidence of metastases in patients with this risk profile has previously been reported to be about 50% without adjuvant chemotherapy.Methods: High-risk STS was defined as high-grade morphology (according to the Federation Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer [FNCLCC] grade II-III) and either vascular invasion or at least two of the following criteria: tumour size >= 8.0 cm, infiltrative growth and necrosis. Six cycles of doxorubicin (60 mg/m(2)) and ifosfamide (6 g/m(2)) were given. Postoperative accelerated radiotherapy was applied and scheduled between cycles 3 and 4.Results: For the 150 eligible patients, median follow-up time for metastases-free survival was 3.9 years (range 0.2-8.7). Five-year metastases-free survival (MFS) was 70.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 63.1-78.4) with a local recurrence rate of 14.0% (95% CI: 7.8-20.2). For overall survival (OS), the median follow-up time was 4.4 years (range: 0.2-8.7). The five-year OS was 76.1% (95% CI: 68.8-84.2). Tumour size, deep location and reduced dose intensity (<80%) had a negative impact on survival. Toxicity was moderate with no treatment-related death.Conclusions: A benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy, compared to similar historical control groups, was demonstrated in STS patients with defined poor prognostic factors. Vascular invasion, tumour size, growth pattern and necrosis may identify patients in need of adjuvant chemotherapy.
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- Korsgren, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Neural expression and increased lavage fluid levels of secretoneurin in seasonal allergic rhinitis.
- 2003
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Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - 1535-4970. ; 167:11, s. 1504-1508
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Secretoneurin is a neuropeptide potentially involved in migration of eosinophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells. Whether secretoneurin is present in the human airway mucosa and whether it is released at ongoing allergic airway inflammation is currently unknown. In patients with allergic rhinitis, we have explored the occurrence of secretoneurin in nasal mucosal biopsies and lavage fluids before and during natural allergen exposure. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed an abundance of nerves displaying secretoneurin immunoreactivity, which were distributed predominantly around blood vessels and submucosal glands. A majority of nerve fibers containing vesicular acetylcholine transporter, tyrosine hydroxylase, calcitonin gene–related peptide, and vasoactive intestinal peptide were also secretoneurin-immunoreactive, indicating a localization of secretoneurin in cholinergic, adrenergic, and sensory nerves. Lavage fluid levels of secretoneurin were increased at allergen exposure (p < 0.01–0.05). Levels of secretoneurin did not correlate with eosinophil cationic protein ({rho} = 0.1, p = 0.7). We conclude that secretoneurin has a widespread occurrence in nasal mucosal nerves of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and that increased nasal lavage fluid levels of secretoneurin may characterize ongoing allergen exposure. These data favor a role of secretoneurin in the local traffic of immune cells in human airway mucosa.
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| 19. |
- Langstrom, B, et al.
(författare)
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PET i klinisk verksamhet.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. ; 92, s. 3202-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- MONTELIUS, L, et al.
(författare)
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CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MN ACCEPTOR LEVEL IN GAAS
- 1988
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 64, s. 1564-1567
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Obaseki, D., et al.
(författare)
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The relation of airway obstruction to asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis and age: results from a population survey of adults
- 2014
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Ingår i: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 69:9, s. 1205-1214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: There is conflicting evidence on whether patients with asthma experience an accelerated decline in lung function with age. We examined the association between postbronchodilator lung function, asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and atopy with age using a large European sample. Methods: In 17 centers in 11 European countries, case control studies were nested within representative cross-sectional surveys of adults aged less than 75 years. Representative samples of participants with asthma, CRS or both and controls were assessed for postbronchodilator ventilatory function, smoking history, atopy, and treatment. Multiple regression was used to assess the interactive effects of age and diagnostic group on decline in postbronchodilator ventilatory function. Results: A total of 3337 participants provided adequate data (778 with asthma, 399 with CRS, 244 with both asthma and CRS and 1916 controls who had neither asthma nor CRS). Participants with asthma had lower FEV1/FVC (-4.09% (95% CI: -5.02, -3.15, P < 0.001) and a steeper slope of FEV1/FVC against age (-0.14%/annum [95%CI: -0.19, -0.08]) equivalent to smoking 1-2 packs of cigarettes per day. Those with atopy had a slope equivalent to controls. Conclusions: People with asthma have a steeper decline in postbronchodilator lung function with age, but neither CRS nor atopy alone were associated with such decline.
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