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- Aili, Carola, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Dual learning – a challenge for higher education in the new landscape of governance
- 2015
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In: Tertiary Education and Management. - : Routledge. - 1358-3883 .- 1573-1936. ; 21:4, s. 277-292
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In many countries, practice-oriented programmes have been recast as university programmes, fuelling debate on the purpose of higher education. We highlight two ways of talking about the challenges for higher education we think are already familiar to readers. We label them ?political-worry discourse? and ?academic-worry discourse?. We argue for a third position that gives due recognition to the turn in governance. Professional work today is performed in a new landscape where maintaining the conditions for autonomy and discretionary work is more important than ever. This has implications for the pedagogic focus of higher education institutions. The proposed ?dual learning? concept addresses this challenge through educating students about governance and allowing students to position themselves in relation to the governance of their professions. By discussing governance, we contribute to a previously neglected field and support the position that higher education may indeed be the best place to provide professional education.
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- Aili, Carola, 1963-
(author)
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Familjecentraler i perspektivet av välfärdsprinciper
- 2011
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In: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - 0037-833X. ; 88:2, s. 180-192
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I ljuset av fyra välfärdsprinciper analyseras familjecentralerna så som de framträder i Socialmedicinsk tidskrifts temanummer om familjecentraler. Principerna är 1. välfärd som social kompensation 2. välfärd som social garanti 3. välfärd som social service samt 4. välfärd som social investering. Frågan är om, och hur, dessa principer konkurrerar om uppmärksamheten samt vilken betydelse det får. Resultatet visar bl.a. att tre av de fyra välfärdsprinciperna framträder som komplementära när verksamhetens visioner diskuteras samtidigt som de framträder som konfliktande när texterna behandlar yrkesutövares arbetsvardag. Organisationsformen, familjecentralsformen, framträder som något som underlättar hanteringen av principerna. Välfärd som social service där kunden köper service på en marknad hanteras dock inte i texterna. Möjliga orsaker till svårigheterna att förena denna princip med de övriga diskuteras.
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- Aili, Carola, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Fly inte fältet!
- 2003
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In: Pedagogiska magasinet. - 1401-3320. ; :1, s. 8-14
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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- Aili, Carola, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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How do teachers think quality? Poster presented at 16th Biennial Conference on Teachers and Teaching July 1-5, 2013 - Ghent, Belgium
- 2013
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- How do teachers think quality? This question is important since the teaching profession seems to be characterized by constant work intensification (Sarfatti-Larson, 1980). Repeated research show a steady increase in the number of tasks teachers are expected to perform (Apple 1989, Faber 1991, Hargreaves 1994, Day 2000, Grundy & Bonser 2000, Sutton 2007, Day & Gu 2007, Aili & Brante 2007, Chang 2009, Steen-Olsen & Eikseth, 2010). Teachers must therefore constantly prioritize between competing tasks and (to the extent they are pursuing quality of teaching) the question that arises is - how do they construct realtions between tasks that are performed before the lesson and the teaching quality.In this paper we present an explorative study of how teacher formulate themselves about their daily work tasks in relation to the quality of their teaching. 60 teachers were invited to answer a semi structured web-questionnaire about work tasks they had perform during the day, once a day during two weeks. They were asked to choose two tasks that, from their perspective, had impact on the quality of their teaching in the nearest future. In addition to this they were asked to give each task a name, describe its content and under which circumstances it had been performed, and to specify in which way the task had impact on the teaching nearby. The material includes total 325 respectively 12 received questionnaires.The analysis focus is on teachers’ meaning-making of what quality is, and the relation between the work before teaching and the outcome of the teaching. A grounded content analysis was performed. The seven tasks identified by the teacher teams in the second questionnaire were analyzed in conjunction with a random sample of answers from the individual questionnaire regarding the same tasks. These tasks are labeled by the teachers name for the work task: Work with individual development plans, Planning of next day’s teaching, Planning of thematic work, Planning a school cinema visit, Production of material and Pupils’ choice.Some categories for the type of quality impact the teachers report have been construed such as for example “Absolute conditions” for links to a work task to the teaching such as the necessity to have ordered the groceries before a lesson in cooking or ordered a bus for the transport to a school cinema visit. Another example is “Quality in a presentation” for links between high concentration works such as putting pedagogical considerations into a specific content. The way the teachers construe the reasons for tasks being important to quality are discussed in relation to earlier research about teachers’ professional language, characterization of teacher work, and teacher thinking. Aili, C. & Brante, G,. (2007). Qualifying Teacher Work: Everyday Work as Basis For the Autonomy of the Teaching Profession. Teachers & Teaching, 13 (3), pp. 287-306.Apple, M., (1989). Teachers and texts. New York: Routledge & Keegan.Chang, M-L., (2009). An Appraisal Perspective of Teacher Burnout: Examining the Emotional Work of Teachers. Educational Psychology Review 21 (3), pp. 193-218.Day, C., (2000). Stories of change and professional development: The costs of commitment, In C. Day, A. Fernandez, T. Hauge & J. Møller (Eds). The life and work of teachers. International perspectives in changing times. London: Falmer Press.Day, C. & Gu, Q., (2010). The New Lives of Teachers, London: Routledge.Farber, B., (1991). Crisis in Education: Stress and Burnout in The American Teacher. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Grundy, S. & Bronser, S., (2000). The New Work Order and Australian Schools, In: C. Day, A. Fernandez, T. Hauge & J. Møller (Eds). The life and work of teachers. International perspectives in changing times. London: Falmer Press.Hargreaves, A., (1994). Changing teachers, changing times. Teachers’ work and culture in postmodern age. London: Cassell.Sarfatti-Larson, M,. (1980) The Rise of Professionalism: A Sociological Analysis},University of California Press.Steen-Olsen, T. & Eikseth, A., (2010). The Power of Time: Teachers' Working Day--Negotiating Autonomy and Control. European Educational Research Journal, 9(2), pp. 284-295.Sutton, R., (2007). Teachers’ Anger, Frustration, and Self-regulation. In P. Schutz & R. Pekrun. (Eds), Emotions in Education. pp. 259-274. San Diego: Elsevier.
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- Aili, Carola, 1963-
(author)
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Hård styrning är inget framgångsrecept
- 2012
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In: Kristianstadsbladet. - 1103-9523. ; :2/7, s. B4-
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Den ökade kontrollen i dag gör inte att de elever läraren har i dag når bättre resultat, sannolikt når de sämre resultat, eftersom lärares hantering av den allt mer omfattande dokumentstyrningen sker på bekostnad av att komma väl förberedda till nästa dags undervisning.
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- Aili, Carola, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Kvalitetsutmaningar i högskolans VFU-satsning : programmen i press mellan en byråkratisk och professionell implementeringsstruktur?
- 2013
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Detta är en rapport från en pågående studie av den verksamhetsförlagda utbildningens organisation och organiseringsprocesser. Det som undersöks är hur Högskolan Kristianstads vision att utbilda Sveriges mest anställningsbara studenter genom Kristianstadmodellen för verksamhetsförlagd utbildning blir till som praktik ute i utbildningsprogrammen.Rapporten är i första hand avsedd för det interna kvalitetsarbetet och ska belysa hur den lokala organisationen tar form under det som medarbetare uppfattar som villkor för arbetet samt ge några verktyg för dem som arbetar med VFU till att analysera villkor och möjligheter. Rapporten är skriven utifrån perspektivet ”Strategy as practice” som vi avser skall ligga till grund för fortsatta studier av hur Högskolan Kristianstads strategi för Verksamhetsförlagd Utbildning omsätts. Eftersom denna rapport i första hand är avsedd för det interna arbetet har emellertid detta perspektiv tonats ned. Studien utgår ifrån frågor om hur medarbetare skapar mening och agerar för att hantera det som de urskiljer som villkor för att införa och bedriva verksamhetsförlagd utbildning och vilken typ av organiseringsprocesser som sätten att uppfatta villkoren leder till. Det är med andra ord aspekter av ett praktiskt strategiarbete som studeras. Vi är särskilt intresserade av i vilken mening VFU-satsningen leder till anpassningsinriktat arbete som byråkratiska implementeringsprocesser kännetecknas av och i vilken mening det leder till utvecklingsinriktat arbete så som professionella implementeringsprocesser kännetecknas av.
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| 19. |
- Aili, Carola, 1963-
(author)
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Lärarna själva sänker sin status
- 1999
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In: Pedagogiska Magasinet. - 1401-3320. ; :2, s. 8-11
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- När lärare definierar ”de avvikande fallen” i sin yrkesutövning i termer av andras kunskapssystem eller andras problem, och därmed också andras misslyckande, så avhänder de sig möjligheten att utveckla en verklig kompetens för den verksamhet de är satta att bedriva. Det hävdar Carola Aili som anser att lärarna saknar ett akademiskt kunskapssystem.
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| 20. |
- Aili, Carola, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Mentorskap : att organisera skolans möte med nya lärare
- 2003
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Författarna tar i denna bok ställning för lärarkårens möjligheter att vara expert på det egna arbetsområdet. De menar att ett mentorsystem inte bara är ett stöd för nyanställda utan också kan bidra till enskilda skolors utveckling. Bra mentorsystem kan bidra till att nyanställda anpassar sig till goda traditioner och arbetssätt men också till att lärarkollegiet anpassar sig till ny bra kunskap som nyanställda har med sig. Författarna utgår från att såväl anpassning och stabilitet som utveckling och förändring behövs i skolan. Boken tar avstamp i frågor som rör lärarkårens professionalisering. Att bygga upp ett mer genomgripande system för mottagande av nyanställda innebär att många av skolans anställda blir delaktiga i principiella diskussioner kring lärararbete och skolorganisation. Detta kan bidra till kunskapsutvecklingen inom hela kåren och en färdighet i att behandla kvalitets- och utvecklingsfrågor. Stort utrymme ges åt att beskriva lärararbetets karaktär och den nyanställdes situation. Författarna har själva arbetat med mentorsutbildning och mentorsystem och försökt göra detta med teoretisk medvetenhet. Utifrån dessa erfarenheter ges läsaren verktyg från interaktionistisk socialpsykologi och handlingsteori för att kunna handskas med lärararbete och mentorsystem. Rent praktiska frågor behandlas också i boken, t.ex. kommunikation i handledningssituationen, grupprocesser när nya medarbetare tillkommer, mentorsutbildning, mentorsbank, mentorshandledning och upplägg av introduktionsprogram. Boken är avsedd för lärare med uppdrag att vara mentorer, för nyanställda lärare samt för utvecklingsansvariga som arbetar med att bygga upp mentorsystem eller bedriver annat utvecklingsarbete. Boken är också tänkt att användas som kurslitteratur i utbildningar av mentorer.
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- Aili, Carola, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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OCTOPUS in EDUCATION : new models of welfare – new demands on the teachers' profession
- 2009
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the Nordic countries the Welfare State has a broad political base, but the meaning given the concept of welfare appears to be changing. The welfare state is not only talked about in terms of common responsibilities towards citizens in need of help or as a duty to protect citizenship and civic rights. Welfare is also talked about as a “service” directed to the individual and as an investment to insure the best possible development of national competitiveness in a global world. This transformation or displacement brings new demands on the knowledge and competence professionals need to be able to manage their daily work. Drawing on empirical examples from research projects looking into everyday school work in Pre-school, Elementary school and Secondary school in Denmark and Sweden this study claims that the welfare state transformation introduces fields of tensions that teachers have to cope with. In this context raise new questions of professionalization understood as building up new bases of knowledge, developing new strategies for work organisation and time management and creating new spaces for ethical or democratic reflections. The paper draws on empirical examples from 4 research projects studying teachers work in Pre-school, Primary School and Secondary school in Denmark and Sweden.
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- Aili, Carola, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Qualifying teacher work : everyday work as basis for the autonomy of the teaching profession
- 2007
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In: Teachers and Teaching. - 1354-0602 .- 1470-1278. ; 13:3, s. 287-306
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Teachers' work in tuition-free (non-classroom) time was investigated to see to what degree teachers do work that could be considered as qualifying for the status of professional autonomy. The question arises in Sweden and elsewhere as both teachers and the state actively, and in tandem, strive to professionalise the work of the teacher. Abbott's work on the division of expert labour is taken as a point of departure. Based on data collected by an organisation sampling method, the article describes what teachers do in their tuition-free time. The study data consist of 1166 reports from 59 Swedish teachers' daily work situations in school years 1-12. Qualifying teacher work is related to teachers' ways of handling divergent cases, discretionary work and problem solving. Situations where teachers can use specific professional knowledge are described. One of the main findings is that in 22.2% of the situations studied, such professional knowledge can be applied. This corresponds to at least 7.5 hours of the Swedish teachers' weekly working hours; with the reservation that 10 hours of teachers' weekly 45 hours working time is not examined. This time corresponds roughly with the non-regulated working time, that is, time when the teachers do not have to be at school.
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| 29. |
- Aili, Carola, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Rehearsing accountability : how pre-school teachers go about appearing professional
- 2009
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Today’s professionals appear to be under constant pressure to be able to account for their actions and to do boundary work because there are not any evidently borders for what can be a work task. We want to contribute to a discussion about what demands pre-school teachers has to handle to perform as good professionals in these specific circumstances. From our example I pre-school settings we want to answer the question: what do professionals need to rehearse? And what new forms for this rehearsing accountability are growing up. In a seminal article Lyman and Scott argued that accounting for ones actions is a basic human activity and we use Goffman’s theory about team performance to understand these types of accounting in professional settings.
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- Aili, Carola, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Research on teachers' professional lives : time to build a research network. Paper presented at NERA's 31st Congress, 6-9 March, Copenhagen
- 2003
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Teachers’ work has during the last ten years gone through great changes. The effects of postmodern society has made the work more and morecomplex and difficult to handle and understand for those involved as well as outsiders. Researchers are trying to keep up with things. The developmentof knowledge of teachers’ work takes place on different levels, in separate disciplines, from various starting-points and with different foci.To be able to describe, understand and explain the »new« work of teachers in a vigorous way there is need of getting these research initiativestogether. Arenas should be established where interchanges and coordination between researchers could take place. In order to make this happen wehave the intention of building a Swedish (our aim is to expand the network to the Nordic countries after the establishment in Sweden) network ofresearch on teachers’ professional lives.Besides presenting the intention and design of our network we also bring along some examples of research projects in line with the network ideas.
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- Aili, Carola, 1963-
(author)
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Syns teorier i lärares arbete?
- 2004
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In: Pedagogiska Magasinet. - 1401-3320. ; :1, s. 90-91
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Review (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 33. |
- Aili, Carola, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Tensions : let the doctor give an example
- 2007
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In: Aili, C., Nilsson, L-E., Svensson, L.G., Denicolo, P. (eds), In tension between organization and profession. - Lund : Nordic Academic Press. - 9789185509027 ; , s. 7-13
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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- Aili, Carola, 1963-
(author)
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Time-formatives and intermittent work : school and teachers' work in practice
- 2007
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In: Aili, C., Nilsson, L-E., Svensson, L.G., Denicolo, P. (eds), In tension between organization and profession. - Lund : Nordic Academic Press. - 9789185509027 ; , s. 193-225
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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- Aili, Carola, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Verksamhetsrapport : VFU-forskningen 2012: Plattformen för forskning om verksamhetsförlagd utbildning och professionslärande
- 2013
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Plattformen är ett led i Högskolan Kristianstads satsning på anställningsbarhet. Detta är en rapport från plattformens fjärde år med en sammanställning av de fyra årens sammanlagda verksamhet i bilagor.Plattformen hade i slutet av 2012 19 pågående projekt med 23 deltagare. 14 seminarier har hållits i seminarieserien, som samlar en bred representation från olika programområden och discipliner. I snitt har seminarierna haft 19 deltagare. Plattformen har under 2012 dragit in 3 miljoner i externa medel. Ingen refereegranskad artikel har publicerats under året. Fyra artiklar är emellertid accepterade för publicering under 2013. Vidare har fyra artiklar som inte är refereegranskade publicerats. Härutöver har 23 externa presentationer gjorts genom t.ex. konferensbidrag, bokkapitel, icke refereegranskade artiklar och debattartiklar. Totalt har forskningen kommunicerats 56 gånger under året.
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| 38. |
- Aili, Carola, 1963-
(author)
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Villkor för lärararbetets organisering : delrapport 1 : kvalitetsdrivande lärararbete – inledande analys av lärares arbetsuppgiftsfokuserade e-dagböcker
- 2013
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Rapporten visar att de undersökta lärarna uppger att de har många arbetsdagar där de inte alls hinner ägna sig åt arbete som är kvalitetsdrivande för den närliggande undervisningen, trots att de bedömer att det behövs. Lärarna rapporterar 46 % av de undersökta dagarna som dagar då de inte gjort något kvalitetsdrivande arbete. Några få lärare rapporterar att de medvetet försöker samla sådant till några få tillfällen i veckan.Rapporten visar att viktigt, ibland helt avgörande arbete, inte endast handlar om pedagogiska överväganden, utan att även arbete som att beställa, plocka fram och hantera olika typer av material kan vara avgörande. Lärare har identifierat kvalitetsdrivande arbete som utöver pedagogiska överväganden, handlar om olika former av administrativt arbete, teknik hantering och elevsocialt arbete. En del av detta är arbete som skolorganisationen relativt enkelt kan bistå lärare med att säkra att de utförs annat är av olika skäl knutet till person och måste utföras av specifik lärare. Studien visar också att viss typ av arbete ibland kan ha direkt betydelse för undervisningen, ibland inte. Det gäller till exempel arbete med individuella utvecklingsplaner, där något precis ska kommuniceras föräldrar och elev och därför viktigt för kommande undervisning. Medan arbete med utvecklingsplaner ibland snarare hindrar det kvalitetsdrivande arbetet för närliggande undervisning, därför att de tar tid och inte har betydelse för den närliggande undervisningen.
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In tension between organization and profession : professionals in Nordic public service
- 2007
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- What is it like to be a professional in today's Nordic Public sector organisations? In Tension between Organization and Profession describes everyday problems experienced by individuals in offical positions. The authors' analyses are set against a background of rising rates of sick leave, more cases of mental burnout, decreasing resources and constant demand for professional improvement. Rapid changes in organizations, such as new forms of leadership, new technology and management by documents and the call for client-oriented practices are part of the professional working life. The individual professional is the prime focus of this book. Tensions that arise between the individual and the organization/profession are illustrated by a range of examples of problems that public officals, such as teachers, policemen and nurses, are confronted with on a daily basis. The authors discuss subjects such as increased individualization, complexity in relationships, intensified pace and fragmentation of work. The title In Tension between Organization and Profession intends to signal an invitation to further the research about a dynamic field where today's professionals meet the requirements of their professions and organizations.
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| 41. |
- Nilsson, Lars-Erik, 1949-, et al.
(author)
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Implementing supervised placement : refelections on the unity of a concept. Paper presented at the 14th biennial EARLI Conference for Research on Learning and Instruction, Exeter, UK, 29th of August to 3rd of September
- 2011
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In:
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Different forms of work-based learning have for a long time been considered important in academic programs. Some argue that it is the most important part in any vocational training, even in academic programs educating for professions and other occupations. The aim of this paper is to start a discussion about the variation in how work-based training is described and performed in different academic programs. Every year, for three years, heads of academic programs have been interviewed about their implementation of work-based training. The interviews have been conducted at a university that have placement in all programs. Curriculums, course plans and syllabus have been collected and analyzed. Our findings suggest that there are major differences in how to think ”where professional education is good”. Some programs have course plans where student placement is embedded in progression through the program. Some programs “just place” students at the workplace or involve them in projects together with the organization where they are placed while other programs try to have “theory driven” placement. Some programs have a placement organization that train staff to receive students while other programs leave it up to students to find a placement for work-based learning. We discuss the variation from three viewpoints. What differences can be found between disciplines that dominate different programs? What diversity can be found in what various types of professionals to be do during their supervised placement? What are the circumstances under which the program implement placement? How do these forms of placement relate to different ideas about education of professions and more general ideas about where it is best to learn?
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