| 1. |
- Ahlberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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"Vi klimatforskare stödjer Greta och skolungdomarna"
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Hanson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Mannequin Properties Desired for Ergonomic Evaluation of Car Interiors
- 1998
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Ingår i: ; , s. 43-48
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mannequin properties desired for ergonomic evaluation of car interiors Lars Hansson, Kenneth Holmqvist, Simon Sjölander, Giovanni Distante, Guiseppe Andreoni, Nicholas Colford, Tomas Engström, Gert-Åke Hansson, Roland Kadefors, Patric Petersson, Camilla Rigotti, Lena Sperling, Anders Sundin, Per Östman, Roland Akselsson The aim of this study was to simulate a future mannequin with real people in order to find characteristics necessary for ergonomic evaluation of comfort in car interiors. We argue that the mannequin should ideally perform natural movements, collision detection, a biomechanical model, and eyes. Optional improvements to the mannequin involve muscles and a heart. We also discuss the user interface to the mannequin and means to present mannequin data.
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| 4. |
- Hansson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Mannequin Properties Desired for Ergonomic Evaluation of Car Interiors
- 1998
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An example of a result from a long-term cooperation with Lund University (together with professor Roland Akselsson at the Department of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology) there some of the authors. (Engström) gained extensive grants (EU-financing and Wallenberg Stifelsen regarding equipment as well as other founding from e.g. the Swedish Work Environment Found). This publication has emanated from an EU-financed research project.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Ahlberg, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Proton-Induced X-Ray Analysis of Steel Surfaces for Microprobe Purposes
- 1975
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 123:2, s. 385-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A study of the detection limits for the elements with Z = 15-92 in thick target steel surfaces using proton-induced X-ray technique has been performed. Samples were irradiated with a broad proton beam of 2 mm diameter and the X-rays were detected by a Si(Li) detector. Detection limits at levels down to the order of 10 ppm were achieved with simultaneous measurement of several elements. Mylar and chromium absorbers were introduced in front of the semiconductor detector and irradiations at two different proton energies (1.0 and 2.5 MeV) were carried out in order to elucidate their effects on detection limits. The results are valid for microbeam analysis.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Ahlberg, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Proton-Induced X-Ray Emission in the Trace Analysis of Human Tooth Enamel and Dentine
- 1976
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Ingår i: International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes. ; 27:5-6, s. 279-290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study the feasibility of applying proton-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE) to the trace element analysis of human tooth enamel and dentine is investigated. Detection limits on the order of 1–10 ppm are obtained. Depth yields for different elements and proton energies are discussed. Enhancement calculations show that the effect for PIXE analysis is less important than for X-ray induced X-ray analysis. However, for elements with an absorption edge just below an intense X-ray line from a major element the enhancement effect is significant, and, due to the 40% calcium in the enamel matrix, it is estimated to be 15% for potassium. The importance of a smooth sample surface is discussed.
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| 11. |
- Akselsson, K. Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Computer aided participatory planning
- 1990
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Ingår i: Ergonomics of hybrid automated systems I. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0444887938 ; , s. 69-76
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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A Beam Mapping Method
- 1971
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 91:4, s. 663-664
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Akselsson, Roland
(författare)
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Aerosol Sampling and Samplers Matched to PIXE Analysis
- 1984
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B. ; 3:1-3, s. 425-430
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PIXE method constitutes a tool for fast, reliable multi-elemental analysis of small samples. These properties are very attractive in aerosol sciences and in aerosol monitoring programmes. Thus PIXE allows the use of small samplers which are easy to deploy and could be operated for long periods even at more or less remote sites. For working environment aerosols, samplers with time resolution can be, and in a few cases are, designed for personal continuous sampling in the breathing zone. For both practical and economical reasons, PIXE, in many applications, facilitates the gathering of multi-elemental information about aerosols with more detailed size, site and time resolution when compared with conventional techniques. Conditions for maximum exploitation of the PIXE technique in aerosol research are development of suitable samplers, optimal sampling strategies and adequate analytical procedures taking the unique properties of PIXE into consideration. These developmental tasks require intense interactions between several research and development disciplines. In this paper, the state of the art of samplers matched to the PIXE method is reviewed.
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| 17. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Aerosoler
- 1994
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Application of Proton Induced X-Ray Emission Analysis to the St. Louis Regional Air Pollution Study
- 1975
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Ingår i: Advances in X-Ray Analysis. ; 18, s. 588-597
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The St Louis aerosol was sampled during the period 16-22 August 1973 simultaneously at two locations using cascade impactors for sequential 12-hour samples. The six particle size fractions of each sampling were individually analyzed using PIXE for elements from S to Br and beyond and for heavy elements including Pb which permitted time variations of concentrations and particle size distributions to be followed and related to meteorological changes during the sampling period. In addition, the data were compared with average levels of the elements in coastal north Florida and maritime Bermuda as well as at a third St. Louis site. From this it appeared that some of the concentrations in St. Louis were at natural levels whereas others appeared to be higher and linked to air pollution sources. These relationships and others in this study may lead to criteria for distinguishing between pollutants and natural background in urban aerosols.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Computer Aided Participatory Planning
- 1990
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Ingår i: Ergonomics of Hybrid Automated Systems II. ; , s. 69-76
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A computer aided action research method for design of work places is presented. A project group of researchers, managers, union representatives, supervisors, shop-floor workers and representatives from the health-and-safety department analyse different aspects of the physical and organizational work environment. Factory layouts and the flow of raw materials and goods, truck routes and overhead crane movements are shown on a computer screen by means of simulation and animation techniques. Field studies at four companies strongly suggest that the animation helps the members in the project group to develop a common language and to better comprehend what a future factory design and work organization would look like.
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| 25. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Computer-Aided Planning of New Production Lines in Mechanical Industries and of Working Environments for Disabled Persons
- 1993
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Ingår i: Production Research. ; , s. 85-86
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To optimize productivity and working-life quality, it is important to understand and utilise the connections between productivity and working environment. Culture and the state of the market may affect the strength of these connections. However, in order to ensure flexibility and quality in products and services, it may be useful to have motivated, skilled and responsible coworkers at all levels. For the same reasons, absenteeism and high turnover rates have to be avoided. In a time when new technology is rapidly disseminated throughout the world, the way in which human resources are managed may be of the outmost importance to success. A major obstacle to the gathering of experience and knowledge from all relevant parties – e g production engineers, managers, the workforce and external experts – in a planning process is the lack of a common, efficient language. Mistakes made when designing new working environments are often very costly to adjust once the plans are realized. The prize of a poorly-planned environment is high in economical terms, but also in terms of human suffering. This may be especially important for disabled persons. Some basic ideas behind the computer-aided planning methodology currently being developed at the Lund Institute of Technology, and at Lund University, are the following ones: -In a planning process, it is important to draw on the creativity, experience, knowledge and enthusiasm of as many persons as possible. It is particularly essential that the group which is going to manage and apply the planned system finds it acceptable, as this group’s willingness and competence to improve the solution during and after implementation is often crucial. -Time is a resource in short supply, and a planning group including persons with very dissimilar backgrounds in terms of experience and knowledge could be too time-consuming. -Pictures of planned systems may help a heterogeneous group to obtain a common language; they may also provide the members of the group with good mental models as a basis for an efficient dialogue. In this workshop paper we will briefly discuss the computer-aided planning tool and present some of our experiences of its application to the planning of new production lines in mechanical industries and of working environments for the disabled.
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| 26. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Computer Aided Planning of Production and Working Environment
- 1994
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Ingår i: Human Factors in Organizational Design and Management -IV. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. ; , s. 499-504, s. 499-504
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Success of design projects depends on their quality from a technical and economic point of view and on the quality of their implementation and use. This paper discusses a computer aided planning (CAP) technique and its applicability and quality in both these respects. One version of the CAP-technique is developed for planning of industrial working environments and another version for planning of residential and working environments for physically handicapped.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient and effective learning for safety from incidents
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41, s. 3216-3222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning from incidents is important for improving safety. Many companies spend a great deal of time and money on such learning procedures. The objectives of this paper are to present some early results from a project aimed at revealing weaknesses in the procedures for learning from incidents and to discuss improvements in these procedures, especially in chemical process industries. The empirical base comes from a project assessing organizational learning and the effectiveness of the different steps of the learning cycle for safety and studying relations between safety-specific transformational leadership, safety climate, trust, safety-related behavior and learning from incidents. The results point at common weaknesses in the organizational learning, both in the horizontal learning (geographical spread) and in vertical learning (double-loop learning). Furthermore, the effectiveness in the different steps of the learning cycle is low due to insufficient information in incident reports, very shallow analyses of reports, decisions that focus at solving the problem only at the place where the incident took place, late implementations and weak solutions. Strong correlations with learning from incidents were found for all safety climate variables as well as for safety-related behaviors and trust. The relationships were very strong for trust, safety knowledge, safety participation and safety compliance.
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| 29. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Elemental Abundance Variation with Particle Size in Aerosols from Welding Operations
- 1974
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Nuclear Methods in Environmental Research. ; , s. 395-401
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of airborne particulate matter on human health is today of considerable research interest. Essential parameters include elemental composition sampling with low pressure cascade impactors and analysis by particle induced x-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE). It is shown that the aerosol generated by arc welding operations is several orders of magnitude denser than aerosols in ambient air. Most of the mass is found on particles between 0.1 and 1µm diameter, but the size distribution differs from one welding technique to another. The relative composition of the aerosol is found to differ significantly from that of both the welding piece and the electrode indicating the presence of fractionation of the type indicated in this work in designing electrodes and welding pieces to minimize the health hazards associated with the welding.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Fysikaliska faktorer
- 1994
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Ingår i: Arbete Människa Teknik. - 9175224143 ; , s. 45-113
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 33. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Fysikaliska faktorer
- 2005
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Ingår i: Arbete Människa Teknik. - 9175228955 ; , s. 45-113
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 34. |
- Akselsson, Roland
(författare)
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Human Factors and Sustainable Development - Some Lessons from Human Factors and Safety Management
- 2010
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Ingår i: Neue Arbeits- und Lebenswelten gestalten. - 9783936804089 ; , s. 437-440
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mankind is already spending beyond the capacity of its planet and trends look very scaring. Big changes in human behaviour are urgent. As pointed out by others there are many ways how Ergonomics/Human Factors/ could contribute to such changes. The aim of this paper is to discuss some lessons learnt from safety performance in aviation and trans¬formed to sustainability, especially the concepts sustainability management systems and resilience sustainability cultures adapted to different levels of the global socio-technical-economic system and to different contexts.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Internal Bremsstrahlung Accompanying the Positon Decay of 82Rb
- 1969
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474.
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The internal bremsstrahlung from the positon decay of 82Rb has been measured in the energy ranges 0.95-1.3 and 1.7-2.0 MeV. The measured intensity was about twice the value predicted by the charge-independent theory. The external bremsstrahlung produced in stopping the positons in Be, C and Al has been measured in the same energy intervals. Energies and intensities of the γ-rays from 82Rb have been determined, and a revised energy level diagram is proposed for 82Kr. Some of the γ-rays were observed for the first time.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Akselsson, Roland
(författare)
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Kris- och riskhantering - nytta för chefer
- 1998
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Ingår i: Beslutsträning (Mandator). ; , s. 47-56
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Riskhantering i krissituationer – behöver beslutsfattare träna? Forskningen om beslut under stress har gått framåt det senaste decenniet. Särskilt intressant är att den klassiska laboratorieforskningen med oerfarna försökspersoner kompletterats med studier av beslut under realistiska förhållanden. Vi har lärt oss hur beslutsfattare i ett första steg använder sin erfarenhet för att känna igen risksituationer och för att komplettera bilden om informationen som går att få fram är otillräcklig eller motsägande. I ett andra steg hämtar de en lösning från minnet som de anpassar, testar och tillämpar. Med denna modell ger erfarenhet bättre reslutat, vilket visats i studier. Vidare kan riskhanteringen förbättras genom träning under realistiska förhållanden. För komplexa situationer är träning av grupper speciellt intressant där gruppen förbättrar sin förmåga att hantera risker under stress - gruppen förbättrar sitt samarbete och sin kommunikation samt skaffar sig gemensamma mentala modeller. Ett annat mål med realistisk träning bör vara att identifiera möjligheter att förebygga krissituationer och att underlätta riskhanteringen. Ett datorstöd för träning, som fokuserar på att använda realistiska förutsättningar, är mycket intressant.
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| 39. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Kvalitet i produktion och arbetsmiljö
- 1993
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Ingår i: Människor, Datateknik, Arbetsliv. - 9138922266 ; , s. 61-80
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Luftföroreningar vid svetsning
- 1977
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PIXE-analyser kan utföras med utvecklad analysuppställning med noggrannhet och precision av c:a 10 % och med hög analyskapacitet. Ett dataprogram för evaluering av räntgenspektra presenteras. Inverkan av provtjocklek vid PIXE-analys av inhomogena prov har studerats och korrektioner föreslås. Fluorinnehållet i filterprov har bestämts, samtidigt med PIXE-analys, genom utnyttjande av en kärnfysikalisk reaktion som ger resultat med god noggrannhet och precision. Svetsaerosoler har karakteriserats m.h.a. PIXE, ESCA och TEM/EDAX. En uppställning för insamling av svetsaerosoler under utveckling och hittillsvarande resultat indikerar representativ provinsamling med god reproducerbarhet.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Management systems for safety in nuclear industries
- 2015
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Ingår i: Safety and Reliability of Complex Engineered Systems. - 9781138028791 ; , s. 3391-3398
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Requirements on well documented management systems for Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are relatively new and in different developmental phases. Thus there is a need of knowledge about well-functioning Safety Management Systems (SMSs) also considering other goals and restrictions. Since there ia a lack of mature management systems for NPPs it is important to learn from other NPPs, but also from other safety critical industries. The objectives of this paper are to identify and discuss some important elements that should be included and well managed in SMSs in the NPP sector. Information is taken from reports from major accidents, the scientific literature and interviews. The results are pointing at weaknesses in the SMS at the concern and site levels and a need for specific training for the top management. Abilities to anticipate and cope with foreseeable and unforeseeable events are stressed. Important topics in development are indicators and probabilistic risk analysis.
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| 46. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Mass Calibration in PIXE Analysis
- 1977
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Ingår i: X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Environmental Samples. - 0250401347 ; , s. 175-180
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Multidisciplinary Research on Integration of Human Factors and Production Concepts such as TQM - A Participatory Discussion Session
- 1999
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Conference on TQM and Human Factors. - 9172195207 ; 2, s. 439-448
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A discussion session where the conference participants are invited to participate is planned. One topic for the session is to discuss experiences of multidisciplinary research on integration of human factors and different production concepts applied in change processes within Swedish companies. An important question that the discussion will focus on is: How to get high quality in multidisciplinary research? Another topic is to discuss how people from different disciplines in the companies interact with each other and with the researchers. Researchers from the centre Change@Work at Lund University in Sweden will present some of their experiences from several years of multidisciplinary research in companies. As a background the research questions within Change@Work are presented below. Discussions during the workshop will be performed according to methods used by the researchers in their research in the companies. All discussion will be documented and later sent to all workshop participants.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
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