| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Acharya, B. S., et al.
(författare)
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Introducing the CTA concept
- 2013
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Ingår i: Astroparticle physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-6505 .- 1873-2852. ; 43, s. 3-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Bouyoucef, S E, et al.
(författare)
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Poster Session 2 : Monday 4 May 2015, 08
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-2404 .- 2047-2412. ; 16 Suppl 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Correa, D. F., et al.
(författare)
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Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates
- 2023
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Ingår i: Global Ecology and Biogeography. - : Wiley. - 1466-822X .- 1466-8238. ; 32:1, s. 49-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To investigate the geographic patterns and ecological correlates in the geographic distribution of the most common tree dispersal modes in Amazonia (endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory). We examined if the proportional abundance of these dispersal modes could be explained by the availability of dispersal agents (disperser-availability hypothesis) and/or the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits (resource-availability hypothesis). Time period Tree-inventory plots established between 1934 and 2019. Major taxa studied Trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) >= 9.55 cm. Location Amazonia, here defined as the lowland rain forests of the Amazon River basin and the Guiana Shield. Methods We assigned dispersal modes to a total of 5433 species and morphospecies within 1877 tree-inventory plots across terra-firme, seasonally flooded, and permanently flooded forests. We investigated geographic patterns in the proportional abundance of dispersal modes. We performed an abundance-weighted mean pairwise distance (MPD) test and fit generalized linear models (GLMs) to explain the geographic distribution of dispersal modes. Results Anemochory was significantly, positively associated with mean annual wind speed, and hydrochory was significantly higher in flooded forests. Dispersal modes did not consistently show significant associations with the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits. A lower dissimilarity in dispersal modes, resulting from a higher dominance of endozoochory, occurred in terra-firme forests (excluding podzols) compared to flooded forests. Main conclusions The disperser-availability hypothesis was well supported for abiotic dispersal modes (anemochory and hydrochory). The availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits seems an unlikely explanation for the distribution of dispersal modes in Amazonia. The association between frugivores and the proportional abundance of zoochory requires further research, as tree recruitment not only depends on dispersal vectors but also on conditions that favour or limit seedling recruitment across forest types.
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| 5. |
- Ferreira, Mjv, et al.
(författare)
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Poster Session 3 : Tuesday 5 May 2015, 08
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-2404 .- 2047-2412. ; 16 Suppl 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- de Albuquerque, Gabriela E., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Bacteria and Fungi DNA Abundance in Human Tissues
- 2022
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Ingår i: Genes. - : MDPI. - 2073-4425. ; 13:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whereas targeted and shotgun sequencing approaches are both powerful in allowing the study of tissue-associated microbiota, the human: microorganism abundance ratios in tissues of interest will ultimately determine the most suitable sequencing approach. In addition, it is possible that the knowledge of the relative abundance of bacteria and fungi during a treatment course or in pathological conditions can be relevant in many medical conditions. Here, we present a qPCR-targeted approach to determine the absolute and relative amounts of bacteria and fungi and demonstrate their relative DNA abundance in nine different human tissue types for a total of 87 samples. In these tissues, fungi genomes are more abundant in stool and skin samples but have much lower levels in other tissues. Bacteria genomes prevail in stool, skin, oral swabs, saliva, and gastric fluids. These findings were confirmed by shotgun sequencing for stool and gastric fluids. This approach may contribute to a more comprehensive view of the human microbiota in targeted studies for assessing the abundance levels of microorganisms during disease treatment/progression and to indicate the most informative methods for studying microbial composition (shotgun versus targeted sequencing) for various samples types.
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| 7. |
- Householder, John Ethan, et al.
(författare)
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One sixth of Amazonian tree diversity is dependent on river floodplains
- 2024
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Ingår i: NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION. - 2397-334X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amazonia's floodplain system is the largest and most biodiverse on Earth. Although forests are crucial to the ecological integrity of floodplains, our understanding of their species composition and how this may differ from surrounding forest types is still far too limited, particularly as changing inundation regimes begin to reshape floodplain tree communities and the critical ecosystem functions they underpin. Here we address this gap by taking a spatially explicit look at Amazonia-wide patterns of tree-species turnover and ecological specialization of the region's floodplain forests. We show that the majority of Amazonian tree species can inhabit floodplains, and about a sixth of Amazonian tree diversity is ecologically specialized on floodplains. The degree of specialization in floodplain communities is driven by regional flood patterns, with the most compositionally differentiated floodplain forests located centrally within the fluvial network and contingent on the most extraordinary flood magnitudes regionally. Our results provide a spatially explicit view of ecological specialization of floodplain forest communities and expose the need for whole-basin hydrological integrity to protect the Amazon's tree diversity and its function.
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| 8. |
- Luize, Bruno Garcia, et al.
(författare)
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Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities
- 2024
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY. - 0305-0270 .- 1365-2699.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location: Amazonia. Taxon: Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods: Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results: In the terra firme and v & aacute;rzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igap & oacute; and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R-2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R-2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion: Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions.
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| 9. |
- Sodhro, Ali Hassan, et al.
(författare)
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Artificial Intelligence Driven Mechanism for Edge Computing based Industrial Applications
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Transaction on Industrial Informatics. - USA : IEEE. - 1551-3203 .- 1941-0050. ; 15:7, s. 4235-4243
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to various challenging issues such as, computational complexity and more delay in cloud computing, edge computing has overtaken the conventional process by efficiently and fairly allocating the resources i.e., power and battery lifetime in Internet of things (IoT)-based industrial applications. In the meantime, intelligent and accurate resource management by artificial intelligence (AI) has become the center of attention especially in industrial applications. With the coordination of AI at the edge will remarkably enhance the range and computational speed of IoT-based devices in industries. But the challenging issue in these power hungry, short battery lifetime, and delay-intolerant portable devices is inappropriate and inefficient classical trends of fair resource allotment. Also, it is interpreted through extensive industrial datasets that dynamic wireless channel could not be supported by the typical power saving and battery lifetime techniques, for example, predictive transmission power control (TPC) and baseline. Thus, this paper proposes 1) a forward central dynamic and available approach (FCDAA) by adapting the running time of sensing and transmission processes in IoT-based portable devices; 2) a system-level battery model by evaluating the energy dissipation in IoT devices; and 3) a data reliability model for edge AI-based IoT devices over hybrid TPC and duty-cycle network. Two important cases, for instance, static (i.e., product processing) and dynamic (i.e., vibration and fault diagnosis) are introduced for proper monitoring of industrial platform. Experimental testbed reveals that the proposed FCDAA enhances energy efficiency and battery lifetime at acceptable reliability (~0.95) by appropriately tuning duty cycle and TPC unlike conventional methods.
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| 10. |
- ter Steege, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping density, diversity and species-richness of the Amazon tree flora
- 2023
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Ingår i: COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY. - 2399-3642. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using 2.046 botanically-inventoried tree plots across the largest tropical forest on Earth, we mapped tree species-diversity and tree species-richness at 0.1-degree resolution, and investigated drivers for diversity and richness. Using only location, stratified by forest type, as predictor, our spatial model, to the best of our knowledge, provides the most accurate map of tree diversity in Amazonia to date, explaining approximately 70% of the tree diversity and species-richness. Large soil-forest combinations determine a significant percentage of the variation in tree species-richness and tree alpha-diversity in Amazonian forest-plots. We suggest that the size and fragmentation of these systems drive their large-scale diversity patterns and hence local diversity. A model not using location but cumulative water deficit, tree density, and temperature seasonality explains 47% of the tree species-richness in the terra-firme forest in Amazonia. Over large areas across Amazonia, residuals of this relationship are small and poorly spatially structured, suggesting that much of the residual variation may be local. The Guyana Shield area has consistently negative residuals, showing that this area has lower tree species-richness than expected by our models. We provide extensive plot meta-data, including tree density, tree alpha-diversity and tree species-richness results and gridded maps at 0.1-degree resolution. A study mapping the tree species richness in Amazonian forests shows that soil type exerts a strong effect on species richness, probably caused by the areas of these forest types. Cumulative water deficit, tree density and temperature seasonality affect species richness at a regional scale.
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| 11. |
- Waelbroeck, Claire, et al.
(författare)
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Consistently dated Atlantic sediment cores over the last 40 thousand years
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2052-4463. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid changes in ocean circulation and climate have been observed in marine-sediment and ice cores over the last glacial period and deglaciation, highlighting the non-linear character of the climate system and underlining the possibility of rapid climate shifts in response to anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing. To date, these rapid changes in climate and ocean circulation are still not fully explained. One obstacle hindering progress in our understanding of the interactions between past ocean circulation and climate changes is the difficulty of accurately dating marine cores. Here, we present a set of 92 marine sediment cores from the Atlantic Ocean for which we have established age-depth models that are consistent with the Greenland GICC05 ice core chronology, and computed the associated dating uncertainties, using a new deposition modeling technique. This is the first set of consistently dated marine sediment cores enabling paleoclimate scientists to evaluate leads/lags between circulation and climate changes over vast regions of the Atlantic Ocean. Moreover, this data set is of direct use in paleoclimate modeling studies.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Cooper, Declan L.M., et al.
(författare)
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Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 625:7996, s. 728-734
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trees structure the Earth’s most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations 1–6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth’s 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories 7, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world’s most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Rudke, A. P., et al.
(författare)
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Landscape changes over 30 years of intense economic activity in the upper Paraná River basin
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ecological Informatics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1574-9541. ; 72
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we show the complexity associated with the recent land cover changes by elucidating the paths of 30 years of changes in the Upper Paraná River Basin (UPRB), a region severely impacted by agricultural activity, one of the areas with the highest density in the production of hydroelectricity, biofuels and food in the world. In this sense, a post-classification comparison approach based on Landsat images was used to identify detailed ‘from-to’ paths behind those land cover changes. The most expressive changes were the expansion of Cropland and Forest areas and the reduction in savannas, with a net change of 17.9%, 4.1%, and −16.9% of the UPRB area, respectively. Cropland areas showed an expressive increase between 1985 and 2015, rising from 249,439 km2 (27.7%) to 412,909 km2 (45.9%). Forest areas increased from 149,389 km2 to 185,839 km2 in the period. Notably, for this class, an intense spatial dynamic of losses (7.5%) and gains (11.6%) took place between 1985 and 2015. This behavior is related to the disappearance of native vegetation fragments in some sub-basins, as well as to afforestation, reforestation, and/or forest restoration in others. The Cerrado (a typical tropical savanna in South America), the most impacted natural biome of the Basin, decreased from 21.9% of the UPRB in 1985 (196,746 km2) to only about 5% of the whole UPRB area in 2015. Grassland areas, mostly used for livestock, decreased from 271,827 km2 (30.2%) to 229,007 km2 (25.5%). This net decrease was associated with a reduction of 160,830 km2 (17.8%) and the appearance of 118,010 km2 (13.2%) in new areas, previously occupied by tropical savannas in 1985. In conclusion, economic factors were the main drivers for land cover changes, especially agriculture and livestock activities, besides forestry and hydroelectric energy production. In addition, Grassland areas that predominated on the left banks of the UPRB in 1985 retreated with the advance of Cropland areas, mainly due to the expansion of sugarcane for ethanol production, a biofuel widely used in Brazil. In turn, pasture areas migrated to the right bank and occupied a significant part of the Cerrado. Finally, our results demonstrate that the transition dynamics among land cover classes can involve complex political-economical mechanisms that are not always captured by remote sensing.
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| 19. |
- Sodhro, Ali Hassan, et al.
(författare)
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Artificial Intelligence based QoS optimization for multimedia communication in IoV systems
- 2019
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Ingår i: Future generations computer systems. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0167-739X .- 1872-7115. ; 95, s. 667-680
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the advancements in multimedia communication in internet of vehicles (boy) through emerging technologies i.e., WiFi, Bluetooth, and fifth generation (5G) etc. The critical challenge for boy during multimedia communication in healthcare is the quality of experience (QoE) optimization by managing the mobility of wireless channel between vehicles. Besides, Artificial Intelligence (Al) based approaches have entirely changed the landscape of IoVs, also the portable devices for transmitting multimedia content in IoV system has become very necessary for the end-users in their respective fields. Most of the end users are facing is their annoyed and less satisfactory perspective about the quality they are experiencing i.e., QoE. If the service provisioning is not pleasant then most of the end-users/consumers give-up to continue, and finally market devaluates the overall performance of the devices, company or entire system. So remedy that problem this paper first proposes two novel algorithms named, Power-aware QoE Optimization (PQO) and Buffer-aware QoE Optimization (BQO) and compares their performance with the Baseline. Second proposes multimedia communication mechanism. Third, proposes the QoE optimization framework during multimedia communication in boy system through portable devices. Besides, experimental results reveal that proposed PQO and BQO algorithms optimizes the QoE at (31%, 33.5%) with improved lifetime of portable devices at (25%, 27%) higher level than the Baseline (25%, 17) accordingly by satisfying the end-users. Hence, it is concluded that our proposed algorithms outperforms the Baseline, so can be considered as potential candidates for the boy applications during multimedia communication. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 20. |
- Sodhro, Ali Hassan, et al.
(författare)
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Link Optimization in Software Defined IoV driven Autonomous Transportation System
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. - : IEEE. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 22:6, s. 3511-3520
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the high mobility, dynamic nature, and legacy vehicular networks, the seamless connectivity and reliability become a new challenge in software-defined internet of vehicles based intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Thus, effieicnt optimization of the link with proper monitoring of the high speed of vehicles in ITS is very vital to promote the error-free and trustable platform. Key issues related to reliability, connectivity and stability optimization for vehicular networks are addressed. Thus, this study proposes a novel reliable connectivity framework by developing a stable, and scalable link optimization (SSLO) algorithm, state-of-the-art system model. In addition, a Use-case of smart city with stable and reliable connectivity is proposed by examining the importance of vehicular networks. The numerical experimental results are extracted from software defined-Internet of Vehicle (SD-IoV) platform which shows high stability and reliability of the proposed SSLO under different test scenarios, such as vehicle to vehicle (V2V), vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle to anything (V2X). The proposed SSLO and Baseline algorithms are compared in terms of performance metrics e.g. packet loss ratio, transmission power (i.e., stability), average throughput, and average delay transfer. Finally, the validated results reveal that SSLO algorithm optimizes connectivity (95%), energy efficiency (67%), throughput (4Kbps) and delay (3 sec).
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| 21. |
- Alizadehsani, Roohallah, et al.
(författare)
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Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Drug Discovery and Development: A Comprehensive Survey
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 2169-3536. ; 12, s. 35796-35812
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The field of drug discovery has experienced a remarkable transformation with the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies. However, as these AI and ML models are becoming more complex, there is a growing need for transparency and interpretability of the models. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is a novel approach that addresses this issue and provides a more interpretable understanding of the predictions made by machine learning models. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the application of XAI techniques to drug discovery. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in XAI for drug discovery, including various XAI methods, their application in drug discovery, and the challenges and limitations of XAI techniques in drug discovery. The article also covers the application of XAI in drug discovery, including target identification, compound design, and toxicity prediction. Furthermore, the article suggests potential future research directions for the application of XAI in drug discovery. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state of XAI in drug discovery and its potential to transform the field.
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| 22. |
- Han, T., et al.
(författare)
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Emerging Drone Trends for Blockchain-Based 5G Networks: Open Issues and Future Perspectives
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ieee Network. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 35:1, s. 38-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unmanned aerial vehicles, commonly known as drones, are receiving growing research interest due to their ability to carry a multitude of sensors and to connect to mobile networks. They are also able to move freely across the air, which enables the creation of numerous applications that were until now considered impracticable. However, such applications may require high computational resources, reliable connection, and high data transmission rates to accomplish different tasks. Therefore, in this work, first, we discuss 5G communication networks and mobile edge computing (MEC) as promising technologies that can provide several benefits to drone-enabled environments and solve some of the presented issues. We also comment on 5G and MEC approaches, presenting the state of the art and seeking to solve each of the latter issues presented. Afterward, we introduce new security concerns of drone communication networks, given their recent popularity. These concerns are related to the possibility of malicious users taking advantage of this brand new technology, which has made many governments ban drones due to public safety. Next, blockchain technology is brought in as a novel solution to the security issues due to its decentralized nature, making it inherently safe. This article also surveys contributions that make use of each of the technologies mentioned to improve the emerging drone industry. Subsequently, we discuss open issues and future perspectives.
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| 23. |
- Manikandan, Ramachandran, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of Service-Aware Resource Selection in Healthcare IoT Using Deep Autoencoder Neural Networks
- 2022
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Ingår i: Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences. - Heidelberg : Springer. - 2192-1962. ; 12:36, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heterogeneous network and device-to-device communication are two possible solutions for improving wireless network spectral efficiency. Techniques based on the Internet of Things (IoT) can interact between a large number of smart devices as well as heterogeneous networks. The goal of this study is to investigate proposed quality of service-aware resource selection in an IoT network for healthcare data using a deep auto encoder neural network with spectrum reuse utilizing mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP). The suggested MINLP spectrum reuse was used to address the optimization problem, and the spectrum allocation was done using fast Fourier transform based reinforcement Q-learning. Increased transmission repetitions have been identified as a promising strategy for improving IoT coverage by up to 164 dB in terms of maximum coupling loss for uplink transmissions, which is a significant improvement over traditional LTE technology, particularly for serving customers in deep coverage. Based on a comparison of existing methodologies, the experimental study is performed using parameters such as bit error rate of 40%, signal-to-interference plus noise ratio of 72%, sum rate of 88%, and spectral efficiency of 98% © 2022. Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences. All Rights Reserved.
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| 24. |
- Martí, Emiliano, et al.
(författare)
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Cytogenomic analysis unveils mixed molecular evolution and recurrent chromosomal rearrangements shaping the multigene families on Schistocerca grasshopper genomes
- 2021
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Ingår i: Evolution. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0014-3820 .- 1558-5646. ; 75:8, s. 2027-2041
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multigene families are essential components of eukaryotic genomes and play key roles either structurally and functionally. Their modes of evolution remain elusive even in the era of genomics, because multiple multigene family sequences coexist in genomes, particularly in large repetitive genomes. Here, we investigate how the multigene families 18S rDNA, U2 snDNA, and H3 histone evolved in 10 species of Schistocerca grasshoppers with very large and repeat-enriched genomes. Using sequenced genomes and fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping, we find substantial differences between species, including the number of chromosomal clusters, changes in sequence abundance and nucleotide composition, pseudogenization, and association with transposable elements (TEs). The intragenomic analysis of Schistocerca gregaria using long-read sequencing and genome assembly unveils conservation for H3 histone and recurrent pseudogenization for 18S rDNA and U2 snDNA, likely promoted by association with TEs and sequence truncation. Remarkably, TEs were frequently associated with truncated copies, were also among the most abundant in the genome, and revealed signatures of recent activity. Our findings suggest a combined effect of concerted and birth-and-death models driving the evolution of multigene families in Schistocerca over the last 8 million years, and the occurrence of intra- and interchromosomal rearrangements shaping their chromosomal distribution. Despite the conserved karyotype in Schistocerca, our analysis highlights the extensive reorganization of repetitive DNAs in Schistocerca, contributing to the advance of comparative genomics for this important grasshopper genus.
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| 25. |
- Sodhro, Ali Hassan, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Toward ML-Based Energy-Efficient Mechanism for 6G Enabled Industrial Network in Box Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Transaction on Industrial Informatics. - USA : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 1551-3203 .- 1941-0050. ; 17:10, s. 7185-7192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Machine learning (ML) techniques in association to emerging sixth generation (6G) technologies, i.e., massive Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics have caught too much attention from academia to the business world since last few years due to their high and fast computing capabilities. The role of ML-based 6G techniques is to reshape the imaginary idea into physical world for resolving the challenging issues of energy, quality of service (QoS), and quality of experience (QoE). Besides, ML techniques with better association to 6G reshapes the industrial network in box (NIB) platform. In the mean-time rapidly increasing market of the IoT devices to deliver multimedia content has caught the attention of various fields such as, industrial, and healthcare. The challenging issue that end-users are facing is the unsatisfactory and annoyed performance of portable devices while surfing the video, and image to/from desired entity, i.e., low QoE. To resolve these issues this research first, proposes a novel ML-driven mobility management method for the efficient communication in industrial NIB applications. Second, a novel architecture of 6G-based intelligent QoE and QoS optimization in industrial NIB is proposed. Third, a 6G-based NIB framework is proposed in association to the long-term evolution. Forth, use-case for 6G-empowered industrial NIB is recommended for an energy efficient communication. Experimental results are extracted with high energy efficiency, better QoE, and QoS in 6G-based industrial NIB.
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| 26. |
- Sodhro, Ali Hassan, et al.
(författare)
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Towards 5G-Enabled Self Adaptive Green and Reliable Communication in Intelligent Transportation System
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems (Print). - : IEEE. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 22:8, s. 5223-5231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fifth generation (5G) technologies have become the center of attention in managing and monitoring high-speed transportation system effectively with the intelligent and self-adaptive sensing capabilities. Besides, the boom in portable devices has witnessed a huge breakthrough in the data driven vehicular platform. However, sensor-based Internet of Things (IoT) devices are playing the major role as edge nodes in the intelligent transportation system (ITS). Thus, due to high mobility/speed of vehicles and resource-constrained nature of edge nodes more data packets will be lost with high power drain and shorter battery life. Thus, this research significantly contributes in three ways. First, 5G-based self-adaptive green (i.e., energy efficient) algorithm is proposed. Second, a novel 5G-driven reliable algorithm is proposed. Proposed joint energy efficient and reliable approach contains four layers, i.e., application, physical, networks, and medium access control. Third, a novel joint energy efficient and reliable framework is proposed for ITS. Moreover, the energy and reliability in terms of received signal strength (RSSI) and hence packet loss ratio (PLR) optimization is performed under the constraint that all transmitted packets must utilize minimum transmission power with high reliability under particular active time slot. Experimental results reveal that the proposed approach (with Cross Layer) significantly obtains the green (55%) and reliable (41%) ITS platform unlike the Baseline (without Cross Layer) for aging society.
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| 27. |
- Sodhro, Ali Hassan, et al.
(författare)
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Towards an optimal resource management for IoT based Green and sustainable smart cities
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 220, s. 1167-1179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology for the smart city that interconnects various digital devices through Internet, hence, providing multiple innovative facilities from academia to industry and healthcare to business. Smart city is the ubiquitous and a paradigm shift which has revolutionized the entire landscape with the support of information and communication technology (ICT), sensor-enabled IoT devices. For the better and big picture of the entire scenarios with high visibility multimedia (i.e., video, audio, text, and images) transmission is the soul-concept in the smart world, but due to resource constrained (power hungry and limited battery lifetime) nature of these tiny devices (which are building blocks of smart city) and voluminous amount of the data it is very challenging to openly talk about the sustainable and Green smart city platform. Thus, to remedy these problems two Hybrid Adaptive Bandwidth and Power Algorithm (HABPA), and Delay-tolerant Streaming Algorithm (DSA) are proposed by adopting stored video stream titled, StarWarsIV. Besides, a novel architecture of smart city system is proposed. Experimental results are obtained and analyzed in terms of performance metrics i.e., power drain, battery lifetime, delay, standard deviation and packet loss ratio (PLR) in association to the buffer size. It is concluded that the HABPA (45%,37%,20 ms) significantly optimizes power drain, battery lifetime (37%), standard deviation (3.5 dB), PLR (4.5%) of the IoT-enabled devices with less delay than DSA (43%, 32%,25 ms, 5 dB, 5.75%) and Baseline (42%,28%, 30 ms, 6 dB, 6.53%) respectively during media transmission in smart city. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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