| 1. |
- Alexius Borgström, Katarina, 1967-
(författare)
-
Animal Experiment Regulations as a Part of Public Law
- 2009
-
Ingår i: European Public Law. - : Kluwer International. - 1354-3725 .- 1875-8207. ; 15:2, s. 197-205
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes the Swedish rules about experiments on animals and the function of the Swedish animal ethics experimentation committees. A small survey of the rules about experiments on animals in Norway, Denmark, Finland, England and Wales, and the EU, is included. The Swedish rules on animal experimentation are examined in order to see how their form and functions relate to theories about different kinds of decision making in public law. The extents to which the rules agree with the aims of the law and with existing normative patterns are also examined. The difficulties to handle the ethical weighting between the importance of the experiment and the suffering of the animals are discussed.
|
|
| 2. |
- Alexius-Borgström, Katarina, 1967-
(författare)
-
Argument för och emot inrättande av en Djurombudsman
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Svensk Juristtidning. - 0039-6591. ; 84:10, s. 968-986
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under 1980- och 1990-talen har i Sverige inrättats ett flertal s. k. intresserepresentativa ombudsmän. Mot bakgrund av bl. a. den etiska och rättspolitiska debatt som numera pågår om djurens ställning i olika sammanhang diskuteras i denna artikel frågan om det nu inte är dags att de allt talrikare svenska ombudsmännen får sällskap av en Djurombudsman, dvs. en ombudsman som tillvaratar djurens intressen. Diskussionen förs utifrån analyser av ombudsmännens demokratiska och rättsstatliga legitimitet, fri- och rättighetsbegreppet samt djurplågeribrottets utformning.
|
|
| 3. |
- Alexius Borgström, Katarina, 1967-
(författare)
-
Djuren, läkarna och lagen : en rättslig studie om djurförsöksetik
- 2009
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Alexius Borgström, K. Djuren, läkarna och lagen. En rättslig studie om djurförsöksetik. Animals, doctors and the law. A study in the Swedish Regulation of Animals Scientific Procedures. The aim of this study was to analyse how the Swedish rules about experiments on animals and the animal ethics experimentation committees relate to different kinds of decision-making models, such as the legal-bureaucratic, the professionalistic, and the corporatist model for decision making in public law. The aim was also to study the extent to which the theoretical design of the rules about animal experimentation, on the one hand, and their practical application on the other hand, agree with the political intentions and valuestructures that exist. The study was conducted with the methods of legal dogmatism and sociology of law. The study found that the valuestructures in the law on animal experimentation consist of freedom of research, advocacy of regulation, abolitionism, species hierarchism, and general intrinsicality. In addition, it was found that ethical considerations of animal experimentation are difficult to handle, since the factors that are weighed up against each other, i.e., the importance of the experiment and the suffering of the animals, are incommensurable. The consideration of pros and cons is governed in practice by the committee members who are connected to research, since they are granted a professionally based preferential right of interpretation of biomedical claims. The study also showed that the rules about experiments on animals are not applied with full legal security and that the committees have been constituted on the basis of deliberative consensus without consideration for the fact that the balance between human and animal interests is sometimes part of a struggle over interests and opinions.
|
|
| 4. |
- Alexius Borgström, Katarina, 1967-
(författare)
-
Djurskydd som rättsligt intresse och djurplågeribrottet i Sverige
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Retfærd. - Köpenhamn : Jurist- och Økonomforbundets Forlag. - 0105-1121. ; 33 årgång:4/131, s. 66-76
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I Sverige kan djurplågeri straffas enligt 16 kap. 13 § brottsbalken (1962:700). Eftersom detta straffstadgande kriminaliserar att ”otillbörligen” utsätta djur för lidande, innefattar djurplågeribrottet vanligen en underförstådd intresseavvägning mellan ett djurs lidande och de av människor betingade orsakerna till lidandet. Syftet med denna artikel är att studera de tillämpningssvårigheter som uppstår till följd av denna underförstådda avvägning. Rättsdogmatiska, rättshistoriska och idéhistoriska teoriperspektiv används. Slutsatsen av undersökningen är att djurs lidande och förklaringarna till människors beteenden kan ses som inkommensurabla intressefaktorer, och att viktningen mellan dessa därför tenderar att styras av beslutsfattarnas personliga värderingar.
|
|
| 5. |
- Alexius Borgström, Katarina, 1967-
(författare)
-
JO och tjänstemännen : En laghistorisk studie
- 2003. - 500
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this project is to study the Swedish Parliamentary Ombudsman Institution (JO) and its supervision of civil servants in the 20th century. Liability for misuse of office, the obedience obligation and the shaping of the principle of independence will also be considered. The study proceeds from a jurisprudential framework and is based on a legal dogmatic approach, although statistical information and other materials from the social sciences are also included. The findings of the study are as follows. The abolition of criminal liability for misuse of office in the mid-1970s resulted in a termination of the relationship which originally existed between civil servants’ authority under the principle of independence on the one hand, and their liability for service irregularities on the other. As a result, this reform entailed a pervasive change in one of the mainstays of the Swedish administrative model. The change was however of marginal importance to the activities of the JO, since a small and extraordinary office cannot effectively enforce legality and civil rights within a large public sector by initiating proceedings and demanding liability for committed errors. During the latter part of the 20th century, the JO thus evolved from having been a prosecutor who ensured that civil servants did not neglect their official duties into serving as a source of preventive guidance for government and municipal agencies. The question of how congruence is to be achieved between the civil servants’ liability for service irregularities and the powers of public authority is however, given the findings of this study, still largely unanswered.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Alexius-Borgström, Katarina, 1967-
(författare)
-
Om JO-ämbetets funktioner
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Förvaltningsrättslig Tidskrift. - 0015-8585. ; :1-3, s. 35-48
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 8. |
- Alexius Borgström, Katarina, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
-
Rättsvetenskapliga metoder
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Forskningsmetoder i socialt arbete. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9144033192 ; , s. 129-151
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 9. |
- Alexius, Katarina
(författare)
-
Abuse, degradation and conflicts in school. A qualitative study of text documents in cases at the Swedish Schools Inspectorate
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Law Crime and Justice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1756-0616 .- 1876-763X. ; 54, s. 66-74
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, 23 cases reported to the Swedish Schools Inspectorate are analysed using qualitative content analysis derived from a framework based on Swedish legislation. The results show that school staff and parents often expressed that those who had themselves behaved aggressively should not be viewed as victims of abuse. In most cases, there were divergent perceptions of what had happened as well as of social values and behavioural norms. The study highlights that the efficiency and the pros and cons of the broad and blurry distinction of the concept of degrading treatment in the Swedish Education Act should be discussed and that abusive actions should be counteracted regardless of relational contexts.
|
|
| 10. |
- Alexius, Katarina, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
-
Barns behov och vilja vid tvångsvård till följd av omsorgsbrist
- 2014. - 1
-
Ingår i: Barnrätt : en antologi. - Stockholm : Norstedts Juridik AB. - 9789139017813 ; , s. 21-38
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vid omhändertaganden av barn ska barnets bästa vara avgörande för de beslut som fattas. I den praktiska tillämpningen innefattar begreppet ofta tolkningar av barns behov, såsom dessa definieras av kompetenta vuxna, och barnets vilja, såsom denna uttrycks av barnet eller uttolkas av vuxna. I denna studie undersöks uttrycken barns behov och vilja samt hur barns behov och vilja bedöms i sociala utredningar och domar som rör tvångsomhändertaganden till följd av omsorgssvikt av barn i familjer där någon förälder har intellektuell funktionsnedsättning.
|
|
| 11. |
- Alexius, Katarina, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
-
Care assessments concerning involuntary removal of children from intellectually disabled parents
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0964-9069 .- 1469-9621. ; 36:3, s. 295-310
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study set out to analyse how parenting and the needs of the children are assessed by social authorities and courts in families where one or both parents have an intellectual disability (ID). The texts of child welfare investigations and court judgements in 16 cases of care orders concerning parents (30) with IDs and their children (29) in two counties in Sweden were analysed by a hermeneutic case study. The study shows that even though many of the children are described as already harmed by neglect, clear assessments of care needs are not presented and it is uncertain which of the children’s needs a placement in a family home is assumed to satisfy. The conclusion of the article is that, even though no direct discrimination can be established, the particular individual and structural difficulties of the families’ life circumstances are not taken into consideration. This can be seen as a discriminatory practice.
|
|
| 12. |
- Alexius, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
-
Forskare: Ge socialtjänsten rätt verktyg
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Svenska dagbladet. - Stockholm. - 1101-2412. ; :2015-12-11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Att socialtjänstens personal kan hantera och tolka nyckelbegrepp som ”barnets bästa” och ”god vård” är helt avgörande för förstärkningar av barns reella rättigheter, skriver forskare vid Stockholms universitet och Ersta Sköndal högskola.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Alexius, Katarina, 1967-
(författare)
-
Prognoser i tvångsvårdsärenden om omsorgssvikt
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift. - Lund : Förbundet för forskning i socialt arbete (FORSA). - 1104-1420 .- 2003-5624. ; 20:3-4, s. 186-202
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study set out to analyze how background-context, prognoses and evidence-based facts are referred to in child welfare investigations and judgments concerning coercive care of neglected children. The texts of social investigations and court judgments in 16 cases concerning parents (30) and their children (29) in two counties in Sweden were analyzed by a hermeneutic case study. All cases concerns section 2 in The Care of Young Persons (Special Provisions) Act (1990:52), which states that coercive care shall be decided if, due to neglect or some other situations, there is a “palpable risk of detriment” to the child’s health or development. Theoretical framework of sociology of law and of normative legalism were used. The study shows that background-context, prognoses and evidence-based facts seldom are connected in the texts. Background-contexts quantitively dominates, while prognoses are vestigial and rarely enunciates as emanating from evidence-based facts. Instead of describing risk-assessments a plurality of the descriptions in the texts pictures the children as already harmed by neglect. The conclusion of the study is that the sociological conceptions of “a palpable risk” differ a great deal from the legal-theoretical interpretation of the concept.
|
|
| 16. |
- Alexius, Katarina, 1967-
(författare)
-
RÅ 2009 ref. 64 : Något om tvångsvårdsbedömningar rörande ett barn till en utvecklingsstörd förälder
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Nordisk socialrättslig tidskrift. - 2000-6500. ; :3-4, s. 25-51
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this article a precedent from the Supreme Administrative Court in Sweden is analysed (RÅ 2009 ref. 64). The case concerns an application for a care order by a local Social Welfare Authority according to section 2 inThe Care of Young Persons (Special Provisions) Act (1990:52). It regards the child of a single mother with an intellectual disability. The purpose of the article is to study the interpretation of the legal requirements of a “palpable risk of detriment” to the child’s health or development and to what degree the evaluations are based on the knowledge of risk assessment in social sciences. The study shows that there are limited possibilities to anticipate and calculate the palpable risks of detriment caused by facts of neglect, that sometimes are the consequences of intellectually incapacitated parents´ inabilities. Assessing a specific child’s social prognosis is always complex, difficult and occasionally almost impossible. Present demands of evidential value when establishing “palpable risk of detriment” to the child’s health or development are therefore unrealistic. The conclusion of the article is that the legal demand for risk evaluations in section 2 in The Care of Young Persons (Special Provisions) Act is inadequate designed. The author recommends that the words of the act are focused on the present and the past instead of the future.
|
|
| 17. |
- Alexius, Katarina, 1967-
(författare)
-
Strategier mot kränkningar i skolan? En kvalitativ undersökning av ärenden vid Skolinspektionen
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nordisk socialrättslig tidskrift. - 2000-6500. ; :19-20, s. 25-51
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish schools are required to counteract degrading treatment. If the school staff fails to counteract properly, damage might be claimed. The aim of this study was to examine the Education Act and to perform a qualitative content analysis of descriptions of countermeasures in 16 cases of peer abuse reported to the School Inspectorate. A framework of legal sociology was used. The results show that the requirements of countermeasures in the Education Act are vague. The results also show that the school staff and the reporting parents had divergent perceptions of what had happened. They could therefore not agree on what countermeasures should have been taken. The reporting parents described every measure that was unsuccessful as inadequate. The school staff, on the other hand, described measures that seemed to have been the best possible options as good enough, even though the abuse had not actually been stopped. It is argued that school staff needs competence and resources to counteract peer abuse more than they need an increase in rules and administrative procedures.
|
|
| 18. |
- Alexius, Katarina, 1967-
(författare)
-
The exposed child in a qualitative study of cases at the Swedish Schools Inspectorate. An ideal or not-so-ideal victim?
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Pedagogy, Culture & Society. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1468-1366 .- 1747-5104. ; 28:3, s. 367-382
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this qualitative study of text documents, 23 cases reported to the Swedish Schools Inspectorate are analysed through a theory of the ideal crime victim. The results show that expectations of the victim's passivity are the same for the ideal victim of aggression in Swedish schools as for the ideal crime victim. Legitimacy as a victim in school conflicts, however, requires social normality, not weakness. The study highlights that Swedish school staff need awareness that hostile acts, according to the Swedish Education Act, are not necessarily diminished if they take place as part of a mutual conflict. Schools should therefore focus on matching measures with problems without searching for moral innocence in the exposed child. The study also shows that assessment strategies to clarify matters such as repeated aggression and power imbalance need to be developed.
|
|
| 19. |
- Alexius, Katarina, docent, 1967-
(författare)
-
The Principle of Proportionality, Article 8 of the ECHR and Swedish Care Orders in Cases of Neglect : A Sketch of a Theoretical Framework
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Review of European Administrative Law. - : Paris Legal Publishers. - 1874-7981 .- 1874-7973. ; 14:4, s. 7-22
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study conducts an analysis of the rights in article 8 of the ECHR and the application of the proportionality principle when Swedish care orders may be regarded as a necessary interference in family life. The study has been based on an interdisciplinary approach. Text documents were studied through socio-legal methods and perspectives, by combining knowledge from legal sources and social sciences research through a content analysis derived from formal and substantive legal certainty. The article concludes that reasoning in Swedish administrative courts should routinely consider proportionality in cases of neglect, and sets out to sketch a theoretical framework for the principle of proportionality in decisions on care orders. The results show that, since decisions in child welfare cases cannot be made completely uniform and predictable, the focus of decisions in social child welfare work must be to satisfy the objectives and values of substantive legal certainty, instead of unrealistically striving for formal legal certainty through equal treatment and predictability. The results also show that, by requiring those who exercise public authority to present their assessments based on proportionality, new demands are made for the quality and efficiency of involuntary out-of-home placements. Child welfare investigations should nowadays include impact assessments that clarify the advantages and disadvantages of the care in relation to the risk of harm from the original home conditions. Abuse and neglect in out-of-home placements will therefore be of growing importance in decisions on care orders in the future.
|
|
| 20. |
- Alexius, Katarina, docent, 1967-
(författare)
-
Vad är barnets bästa när rättsprinciper kolliderar? : En studie av principkollisioner i bedömningar av tvångsvårdade barns relation till ursprungsföräldrar
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Retfærd. - 0105-1121. ; 174:4, s. 25-42
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since parental reunification is the goal for most Swedish children in foster care, it is normally important to maintain contact with parents. However, sometimes a foster child’s best interests may be to stay in the foster home through a transfer of custody. This study set out to identify the legal principles that emerge when courts interpret a foster child’s best interests. A theoretical framework of normative legalism and psychology was used. The study shows that attachment theory often is emphasized in the legal material, and that precedents means there are a great many legal principles of relevance when a fosterchild’s best interest is to be assessed. Some of these principles are flexible, whereas other principles might collide. The conclusion of the article is that the occurrence of the word attachment in assessments and legal texts may not always refer to the psychological attachment theory. The results also suggest that actions of the authorities are not scrutinized, and that courts often give preference to the authorities’ interpretation of situations.
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Kejerfors, Johan, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
-
Vad kan socionomer? Något om förväntningarna på socionomers kunskaper och yrkeskompetens
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Rätt, social utsatthet och samhälleligt ansvar. - Stockholm : Norstedts Juridik AB. - 9789139016649 ; , s. 429-440
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this article was to examine the complexity of the expectations on the skills of Swedish social workers. Examples of the view on qualifications of social workers were chosen among ideas on competency in social work education programs and in the legislation. Legislation, reports from the Swedish National Agency for Higher Education and research on the social work education programs and on the conditions of social work in welfare offices were examined.The result of study shows that the Swedish higher education programs in social work carries a number of specialist knowledge, among which the most prominent should be interdisciplinary understanding and handling of social problems. There are seemingly however no consensus on the specific content of a Bachelor of Science in Social Work among neither students, teachers or higher education programs. Since there are higher education programs on social work at sixteen different Swedish universities and university collages, the lack of consensus means employers have no way of knowing the specific skills of a recently graduated social worker, unless the specific program in question are studied in detail.According to this article, many social workers in their daily practices need to be able to handle conflict of interests and ethical dilemmas. Social workers therefore need skills in interdisciplinary creative and critical thinking in complex social situations. Also, the legislation partly is characterized by ambiguity and contradictions. In many situations, social workers are bound to apply vague frame law and weigh incommensurable conflicting interests simultaneously as achieving legal security by administrating the law predictable and uniform.
|
|
| 24. |
- Kjellbom, Pia, 1956-
(författare)
-
Påtvingad avflyttning från bostad : En rättssociologisk studie av socialtjänstens roll i teori och praktik
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the study was to analyse what the law is in social services work with people at risk of a forced move-out from a rented apartment. When processing an application for financial aid when a client is at risk of a forced move-out from a home, a discretionary interpretation of the criteria in the Social Services Act is assumed. The legal norm belt constituting the social services role in theory typically makes up the limits of the discretionary space. However, different workplace norms may also have significant influence on the discretionary space around the provision of assistance. Such standards emerging from expressions in local policies (municipal guidelines) and procedures, and interactions with managers, colleagues and clients, are shaping the role of social services in practice. On top of this, differing standards regarding the role of law may have an impact.Key conclusions of the study are: (1) In the vast majority of landlord applications to the enforcement authorities, financial assistance from the social services had no bearing on the outcome of the case. (2) The rental law sometimes has a decisive influence over what is and can be the law in social services’ work for clients at risk of a forced move-out due to payment difficulties. ((3) There is a relatively high degree of consistency between norms in legal materials and different workplace standards. (4) Most of the standards identified in legal material and in social work practice have been categorized as related to either need or behaviour. Generally, it is concluded that need-related norms sometimes strongly imply protection not only for an existing home, but also for individual housing needs in general. In contrast, behaviour-related norms imply indifference in relation to not only an existing home but sometimes also to the applicant’s housing needs in general. These conditions create tensions in the social services’ decision-making and confusion about the aim of the individual needs assessment.
|
|
| 25. |
- Kjellbom, Pia, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
-
Socialrättsliga principer vid risk för vräkning : finns det i Sverige en rätt till boende, bostad eller ett hem?
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Juridisk Tidskrift. - : Stockholms Universitet. - 1100-7761 .- 2002-3545. ; :2, s. 273-298
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Syftet med studien är att fördjupa förståelsen för tolkningssvårigheter i det socialrättsliga beslutsfattandet vid tillämpning av lagstiftning som innefattar många olika principer. Den som undersöks är vilka socialrättsliga principer som aktualiseras när enskilda till följd av hyresskulder riskerar att vräkas från sin bostad. Vidare analyseras möjliga principkonflikter, i den nyss nämnda situationen.
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
