| 1. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Making oneself heard : Children's experiences of empowerment in Swedish preschools
- 2015
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Ingår i: Early Child Development and Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-4430 .- 1476-8275. ; 185:4, s. 578-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children’s experiences of empowerment in relation to preschool peers and in child–adult interactions were studied, involving 25 four-to six-year-olds from four Swedish preschools. Group interviews using puppets comprised pre-constructed scenarios to examine preschools’ activities. Children took photos of indoor and outdoor preschool environments, followed by a photo-elicitation interview. Data were analysed by content analysis. Results showed that authority was expressed in relation to teachers and parents. Children negotiated about handling situations and described relations with teachers as uncomplicated; the contrary was the case with peers. Structure meant that children could choose between courses of action within set frames, describing empowerment as decision-making within limitations. Results indicated the importance of preschool teachers stimulating children to reflect on their own ability by discussing issues concerning children’s sense of empowerment, using methods similar to the ones in this study.
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| 2. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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To make oneself heard - children's perceptions of empowerment in the Swedish preschool context
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, there has been a developing interest concerning children’s voices in for example decision-making and planning within different educational contexts, such as the preschool. Although children’s rights are emphasized, it is not clear how these rights are expressed in children’s everyday life. Further, children from a minority ethnic group risk marginalization in relation to other children as well as to significant adults and the society as a whole. The aim of this study was to analyze children’s perceptions of empowerment in a preschool context in a gender and ethnicity perspective. Data, collected in 2010, comprised of 25 children at 4 different preschools (aged 4-6, 13 girls, 7 children with other ethnicity than Swedish). Two different methods were used: (1) a group interview with 5-8 children at a time, using a puppet interview technique, playing different scenarios involving the children as co-actors, and (2) a photo walk where children took photos of their indoor and outdoor environment. The photos were used as stimulated recall in individual interviews with the children to let them express their empowerment in the everyday life at preschool. Children’s perceptions were in part related to environmental prerequisites such as the social and physical context of the preschool as well as more distal factors such as resources and values on the macro level. Therefore, to highlight the preschool as an influential micro environment in children’s exercising of empowerment, the interview analysis was based on an ecological systems perspective.The intersectional perspective was used to emphasize possible differences in the children’s perceptions of empowerment due to gender and ethnicity. The results indicate that children perceive the preschool teacher as an uncontested authority. In the preschool environment with least resources and most ethnic diversity among the children, there seem to be a tendency that children perceive the teachers as even stronger authorities, than in the more affluent preschool environments. The peer relations are, however, more complex and questioned by the children. If children have internalized parts of the social context, like rules, seem to vary due to their own experience of consequences of such rules. A salient prerequisite for empowerment is to increase children’s opportunities to understand and be understood. Therefore, preschool teachers need to elaborate on children’s experiences.
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| 3. |
- Nilsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Children's voices : Differentiating a child perspective from a child's perspective
- 2015
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Ingår i: Developmental Neurorehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1751-8423 .- 1751-8431. ; 18:3, s. 162-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:The aim of this paper was to discuss differences between having a child perspective and taking the child's perspective based on the problem being investigated.METHODS:Conceptual paper based on narrative review.RESULTS:The child's perspective in research concerning children that need additional support are important. The difference between having a child perspective and taking the child's perspective in conjunction with the need to know children's opinions has been discussed in the literature. From an ideological perspective the difference between the two perspectives seems self-evident, but the perspectives might be better seen as different ends on a continuum solely from an adult's view of children to solely the perspective of children themselves. Depending on the research question, the design of the study may benefit from taking either perspective. In this article, we discuss the difference between the perspectives based on the problem being investigated, children's capacity to express opinions, environmental adaptations and the degree of interpretation needed to understand children's opinions.CONCLUSION:The examples provided indicate that children's opinions can be regarded in most research, although to different degrees.
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| 4. |
- Ullenhag, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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An international comparison of patterns of participation in leisure activities for children with and without disabilities in Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands
- 2012
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Ingår i: Developmental Neurorehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1751-8423 .- 1751-8431. ; 15:5, s. 369-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate whether there are differences in participation in leisure activities between children with and without disabilities in Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands and how much personal and environmental factors explain leisure performance.Methods: In a cross-sectional analytic design, the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment, CAPE, was performed with 278 children with disabilities and 599 children without disabilities aged 6–17 years. A one-way between-groups ANOVA explored the differences in participation between the countries. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis assessed if age, gender, educational level, living area and country of residence explained the variance in participation.Results: Scandinavian children with disabilities participated in more activities with higher frequency compared to Dutch children. The strongest predictor was country of residence. For children without disabilities, differences existed in informal activities, the strongest predictor was gender.Conclusion: Differences in school- and support systems between the countries seem to influence patterns of participation, affecting children with disabilities most.
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| 5. |
- Gothilander, Jennifer, et al.
(författare)
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Factor structure of FUNDES-Child-SE measuring the participation and independence of children with disabilities
- 2024
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Ingår i: Child Care Health and Development. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0305-1862 .- 1365-2214. ; 50:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: FUNDES-Child-SE is a proxy rating questionnaire for measuring participation and independence in children with disabilities in a Swedish context. It includes the components of frequency of attendance, engagement and independence. The original, Taiwanese FUNDES-Child 7.0, has previously been found to have a four-factor structure for frequency of participation and a two-factor structure for independence. The aim of this study was to test the factor structure in FUNDES-Child-SE. The factor structure is an important part of construct validity.Methods: Caregivers of 163 children with disabilities aged 6–18 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Exploratory factor analysis was used to find the factor structure for Engagement. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the factor structure for all three components.Results: The proposed factor structure for frequency of participation (daily living participation frequency, mobility participation frequency, learning participation frequency and community participation frequency) and independence (daily living independence and social participation independence) fit with data from FUNDES-Child-SE after excluding three to five items and adding two to five covariances of residuals. In the engagement component, two factors, named engagement in informal activities and engagement in formal activities, were found. After excluding one item and adding 10 covariances of residuals, the factor structure had an acceptable fit to data.Conclusions: Differences in components' factor structure indicate that attendance and engagement are separate aspects of participation. Before using numeric scores from FUNDES-Child-SE in clinical settings, responsiveness and interpretability should be evaluated.
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| 6. |
- Stalberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Children's Right to Health through the Principles of Protection, Promotion, and Participation, from the Perspectives for Children, Parents, and Professionals : A Systematic Review
- 2024
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Ingår i: Child Care in Practice. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1357-5279 .- 1476-489X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This systematic review aimed to identify how children's right to health, connected to the principles of protection, promotion, and participation, and from the perspectives of children, parents, and professionals in preschool, school, and healthcare has been empirically demonstrated by international scholars between 1989 and 2021. Following the standards of PRISMA-P, two searches, in 2018 and 2020, were conducted in seven databases. In total, 561 studies were found and after the screening process, which entails reviewing titles, abstracts, and full text-versions, 49 studies were finally included. A deductive qualitative content analysis, proposed by Elo and Kyngas, was performed. According to the findings, protection was demonstrated as Being protected from harmful acts and practices and being entitled to special care and assistance. Promotion was demonstrated as Possessing of resources and Receiving of services, and participation as Being heard and listened to and Being involved in matters of concern. Conforming to the findings, although presented separately, protection, promotion, and participation could be understood as interrelated concepts. In summary, children's right to health was demonstrated within two major fields: as the use of their own resources, and trust and as aspects provided by adults as support and safety. This is the first review of studies, published 1989-2021, identifying children's right to health through the perspectives of protection, promotion, and participation. During this period, children's right to health has mainly been demonstrated in studies from a healthcare context. All researchers, policymakers, health workers, and politicians should include children in all decisions that concern them, to increase their participation. As children's health is closely linked to their physical, social, and cognitive development there is a need for more studies exploring children's right to health in preschool and school contexts in which children spend their everyday life.
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| 7. |
- Ullenhag, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Cultural validity of the children's assessment of participation and enjoyment/preferences for activities of children : CAPE/PAC
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 19:5, s. 428-438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim was to evaluate whether the activity items of the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment/Preferences for Activities of Children (CAPE/PAC) were relevant for Swedish children. Subjects: A total of 337 typically developed children aged 6–17 years old. Methods: The CAPE/PAC was translated into Swedish in accordance with accepted translation procedures. By means of 14 group interviews with children with and without disabilities aged 6–15 years old and parents, available leisure activities were listed. These were matched to the items in the CAPE/PAC. Sixteen new potential activities were added and tested on 337 typical developed children from different regions of Sweden. A cutoff level of activities performed by >10% was set to identify relevant activities. Differences between the original and a proposed Swedish version were analysed using paired-samples t-tests of standardized mean scores. Results: Three new activity items were included, for 10 items new activity examples were added, and three not relevant items were excluded. In the Swedish version the outcome of standardized mean diversity score was significantly higher compared with the outcome of the original version. Conclusions:When using instruments in new contexts, it is not enough simply to translate; validation of the item relevance to the new context is essential.
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| 8. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in gender equality? : Swedish fathers’ parental leave,division of childcare and housework
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Family Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1322-9400 .- 1839-3543. ; 20:1, s. 19-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden is well known for its family policy and this study explores whether fathers’ parental leave is related to later division of childcare and housework. Two materials were used; a panel survey (2003, 2009) and an interview study (2008). Respondents in the survey had their first child between the waves and the interview-study focused on parents of 2–3 year olds. The survey is analyzed by logistic regression and the interviews by grounded theory. The results indicate that when fathers took long leave parents shared both household tasks and childcare more equally after the leave. Higher expectations of sharing childcare is related to a higher share of divided childcare once becoming parents, although it seems that some tasks are more often shared than others. When the father took long leave both parents mention that the child relates to the father as much as the mother in everyday life.
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| 9. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena
(författare)
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Expectations relating to childcare among French and Swedish families
- 2007
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Ingår i: Community, Work and Family. - : Routledge. - 1366-8803 .- 1469-3615. ; 10:1, s. 17-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates how policy and values interrelate concerning expectations of childcare based on 80 interviews with 40 families with young children from France and Sweden, respectively. Upbringing, learning and socialization are important expectations among French parents. The results presented here are in line with educational goals that may have been influenced by policy. The findings suggest that France may, in terms of expectations on childcare, still belong to the conservative cluster as categorized by Esping-Andersen (1990), although family policy may differ from that of, for example, Germany and Italy in the same cluster. Swedish parents stress the importance of the individual child as well as pedagogy, thus, indicating compatibility between a parental wish for the individual development of the child and an emphasis on collective care in Swedish family policy.
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| 10. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, 1963-
(författare)
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Expériences de conciliation du travail et de la vie de famille en France et en Suède
- 2006
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Ingår i: Enfances, Familles, Générations. - : Conseil de développement de la recherche sur la famille du Québec. - 1708-6310. ; :4, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates how social policy and norms affect experiences of the reconciliation of work and family life, using interviews with 40 families with young children from France and Sweden respectively. The major findings indicate that Swedish parents more often experience role conflicts and stress than French parents, thus giving stronger support for the role stress theory among Swedes. Swedes refer to a lack of own time whereas particularly French women express dissatisfaction with domestic division of labour with their partner. French parents favour individual childcare at home or care at the workplace more than Swedes, who emphasise public collective childcare.
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| 11. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, 1963-
(författare)
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Experiences of the reconciliation of work and family life among French and Swedish families
- 2006
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Ingår i: Enfances, Familles, Générations. - Québec : Consortium Érudit. - 1708-6310. ; :4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates how social policy and norms affect experiences of the reconciliation of work and family life, using interviews with 40 families with young children from France and Sweden respectively. The major findings indicate that Swedish parents more often experience role conflicts and stress than French parents, thus giving stronger support for the role stress theory among Swedes. Swedes refer to lack of own time whereas particularly French women express dissatisfaction with the domestic division of labour with their partner. French parents favour individual childcare at home or care at the workplace more than Swedes, who emphasise public collective childcare.
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| 12. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Fathers, Work and Family in Sweden and the US
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigated Swedish and US fathers’ experiences of work-family conflict, possible solutions, and actual changes to their work situation in relation to becoming a parent. The Swedish data were drawn from interviews completed in 2008 with 16 fathers with a child born in 2005 or 2006. The US data came from interviews conducted between 2005 and 2007 with 26 fathers with at least one child age five or younger. The semi-structured interviews were analyzed according to grounded theory. In terms of conflicts, half of the Swedish fathers mention time pressures or stress, with some referring to work-life balance as a puzzle. Findings indicate that the US fathers think that they work too much overtime as well as shift hours, and they also mention arguments with their partner about responsibility at home. At the same time, a majority of both US and Swedish fathers emphasize family as a priority over work. In terms of possible solutions, a common theme among Swedish fathers is to mention that ideal work hours would be less than their current hours, with some wishing for a shorter work week (e.g., 4 days) and others a shorter work day (e.g., 6 hours). US fathers most commonly wish for a more flexible work-life situation. In terms of actual changes, several fathers adjust their work lives in response to their family life. Among Swedish fathers, the most common changes involve working fewer hours, adjusting their start and end times, and taking advantage of flexible hours. Swedish fathers also emphasize trading off with their partners, including ‘shift parenting.’ As for US fathers, some have changed their job to be more at home, some changed from working three shifts and some fathers solved the situation by intense work during a limited time.
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| 13. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Papporna och motiven : Den svenska föräldraledigheten i ett geografiskt perspektiv
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet var att undersöka attityder, beteendemönster och erfarenheter hos föräldrapar i två län, när det gäller uttag av föräldrapenning. I de ingående länen har Västerbotten det högsta och Skåne det lägsta uttaget av föräldrapenning bland fäder. Två kommuner med högt och lågt föräldrapenninguttag bland fäder studerades i respektive län, Umeå och Lycksele samt Lund och Tomelilla. Metodologin var inspirerad av grounded theory. Data omfattade 32 intervjuer med fäder och mödrar, 20 intervjuer med nyckelpersoner inom Försäkringskassan, mödravården, kommunen och företag samt statistik över kommunernas befolknings- och näringslivsstruktur. Intervjuerna genomfördes under 2008. Resultaten visar ett tydligare mönster av mer traditionell arbetsdelning av hushållssysslorna bland Skåne- jämfört med Västerbottensparen. Samma mönster gäller även vid jämförelse mellan kommunerna med lågt respektive högt uttag. En mer positiv attityd till föräldraförsäkringen finns i kommunerna med högt föräldrapenninguttag bland fäder jämfört med de med lågt uttag. En förklaring kan vara att förändringar tenderar att uppträda först i heterogena miljöer med en relativt ung och välutbildad befolkning där olika normsystem konkurrerar med varandra, vilket gäller Umeå och Lund. I Västerbotten har Försäkringskassan, landstinget och företag haft kampanjer för män under 1990-talet vilket sannolikt har bidragit positivt till fäders uttag. Fäder i de bägge länen uttrycker positiva upplevelser av att ha varit föräldralediga. Ett dominerande intryck är att arbetsgivarna har en tillåtande attityd till fäders önskan om att vara föräldralediga.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Parental leave in Sweden : Motives, perceptions and gender equality among parents
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper investigated Swedish parents’ motives for, experiences of and gender equality in relation to paid parental leave. The purpose was to explore similarities and differences in attitudes and experiences between parents in the two regions in Sweden with the largest difference in paid parental leave use among fathers. Data were drawn from interviews completed in 2008 with 16 heterosexual couples with a child born 2005 or 2006. The semi-structured interviews were analyzed according to grounded theory. In terms of experiences of the leave, a positive similarity in the study was that the couples described that they got to know the child better. Some negative similarities were that they felt they were alone and restricted. Primarily, the fathers in the northern part, focused on the lack of male networks. A traditional division of labor was a stronger pattern among couples in the southern region compared with the couples in the northern region. Tendencies are indicated towards an increased child-orientation, which could be connected with a change in hegemonic masculinity. In conclusion, the differences discovered between the four communities may to a great extent be depending on a cultural lag. This implied that change in values tend to take place first in social environments with multiple heterogeneous actors.
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| 16. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Parental leave in Sweden : Motives, experiences and gender equality among parents – focusing fathers
- 2010
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Ingår i: XVII ISA World Congress of Sociology, Sociology on the Move. ; , s. 12-12
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to explore similarities and differences in motives, experiences and gender equality between parents in two municipalities (one smaller than the other) in each of the two counties in Sweden with the largest difference in paid parental leave use among fathers. Data were drawn from interviews in 2008 with 16 heterosexual couples with a child born 2005 or 2006. The semi-structured interviews were analyzed inspired by grounded theory. A positive similarity was that couples experienced that they got to know the child better. Negative similarities were that mothers and fathers occasionally felt alone and restricted, fathers emphasized lack of male networks. Traditional division of household labor is a stronger pattern among couples in the southern county compared with couples in the northern county. Tendencies are towards increased child-orientation among fathers, which could connect to change in hegemonic masculinity, not necessarily related to increased gender equality in household labor. Differences may depend on that changes in values tend to first occur in heterogeneous social environments, such as the larger municipalities. In the northern county, extensive campaigns have been held during the 1990s to encourage men’s use of paid parental leave, which may have contributed to regional difference.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Placements and ‘complex needs’. : An interview-study with Swedish young people
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increasing mental ill-health among youth and young people sent back and forth between different welfare state actors have been subjects of concern in Sweden in recent years. These young people are often labelled as having ‘complex needs’, with a placement as the social services’ possible intervention. What do young people stress as positive as well as negative experiences with placements? How can the concept ‘complex needs’ be understood in relation to placements? Semi-structured interviews were made in 2018, in two municipalities, with 9 young people between 15-22 years. They have received support from social services and psychiatric care, often related to substance abuse. The young people’s history is often a long-term process of different forms of placements, both in families as well as in residential care. Too short-term interventions may lead to discontinuity in care. Residential care is often perceived of as more storage than treatment and care. Implications are that the young person’s placement need to be more carefully monitored. Treatment introduced at the placement need to be better coordinated and evaluated jointly by social services and psychiatric care. It is important that professionals have more interventions to suggest and are working proactively to avoid future placements.
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| 19. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Social Work Practices for Young People with Complex Needs : An Integrative Review
- 2018
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Ingår i: Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal. - : SPRINGER. - 0738-0151 .- 1573-2797. ; 35:3, s. 207-219
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this integrative review is to investigate research of social work practices for adolescents and young adults with complex needs. The research questions are: What are the major themes in studies of practices for young people with complex needs? How do studies suggest that complex needs can be met in ways that are beneficial for young people? A young person with complex needs is in this review defined as an adolescent or young adult who, due to mental ill-health in combination with different types of social vulnerabilities, is receiving assistance from multiple welfare services. Searches were conducted in seven databases. These searches resulted in a sample of 1677 records, published 2007-2016, which in the screening process were reduced to 24 publications, all peer-reviewed articles. The participants in the studies in the articles consisted of young people, parents and professionals from mainly Anglo-Saxon countries. The articles were analyzed with qualitative summative content analysis. Three empirically generated themes were found in studies of work practices targeting young people with complex needs: collaboration-, relationship- and empowerment-oriented practices. In conclusion, the practices contain a wide variety of features, but with the joint aim of acknowledging young people's needs. The results can be used by practitioners and policymakers to further the development of services for youth with mental ill-health and social vulnerabilities, who use multiple welfare services.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Tensions and change in liminal spaces – Young people in Swedish out-of-home care
- 2024
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Ingår i: Children and youth services review. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0190-7409 .- 1873-7765. ; 157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to further the understanding of young people's experiences of out-of-home care (OHC). The focus will be on the tension between negative and positive experiences of OHC, refracted through the concept of liminality. The study is based on semi-structured interviews with 10 young people aged 15–22 (7 women, 3 men) with long-term contact with social services and psychiatric care. OHC can be experienced as a liminal space in both a negative and a positive sense. It is negative when perceived as containment rather than meaningful treatment. It can also be a negative experience when connected to fear, a lack of influence, and uncertainty in terms of being in between the social services and psychiatric care. It is positive when it is perceived as a turning point that enables positive change. It is then connected to feelings of meaningfulness, being respected, hope, and empowerment. The young people participating in the study also connect their experiences of OHC to a context of greater austerity in the welfare state. They reflect upon the benfits of OHC in terms of costs for society, but also the costs for the young person if the OHC is not perceived as meaningful support leading towards positive change. The participants have complex, interrelated needs and problems, and they also experience institutional gaps between psychiatric care and social services. It is important to overcome these gaps, so that young people are not located in ‘in-between spaces’ in terms of service provision.
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| 24. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, 1963-
(författare)
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The care of children : A cross-national comparison of parents’ expectations and experiences
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As a point of departure, this thesis is motivated by the big changes which have taken place in most Western European countries since the 1970s, with an increase in female labour market participation and, to some extent, men’s increased share of the domestic work. There is also a debate as to whether France, having a fairly extensive family support,should be categorised as closer to the Scandinavian countries or together with countries with more restrictive family policy such as Italy and Germany, and thus belonging to the conservative regime cluster as defined by Gösta Esping-Andersen. The major topic of this thesis concerns what expectations parents have on childcare and how they experience the combination of care of children and participation in paid work. Two studies, based on quantitative macro-data, analyse and compare differences in primarily women’s employment in relation to family policy measures. The studies concern in addition to France and Sweden, also Denmark, Germany and the United Kingdom. The results indicate that the extensive family support system brings France closer to the Scandinavian countries. However, results based on 80 interviews made with 40 French and 40 Swedish families in the three following studies indicate that this may not be the case concerning factors like attitudes and values about the care of children and the reconciliation of work and family. Results indicate that values expressed in the French families point to a strong connection with values significant for countries in the conservative regime cluster. Major findings are that in the reconciliation of work and family, Swedes experience role stress more than French people, and in particular Swedish fathers. In France, on the other hand, mothers strongly express a feeling of dissatisfaction with their partner’s lack of participation in the household work. Regarding the attitudes to the paid parental leave (allocation parentale d’éducation- APE), French families’ arguments reflect that the policy does not promote fathers’ use of paid parental leave, and French mothers more than Swedish mothers refer to the weaker labour market situation as a reason for their use of the leave. Concerning expectations on childcare, French families more than Swedish families stress the importance of ‘upbringing,’ ‘learning’ and ‘socialisation,’ whereas Swedish families emphasise ‘pedagogy’ and that the staff recognises the individual child.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding complex needs through the concept of recognition : A qualitative study with Swedish young people about their encounters with welfare state actors
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nordic Social Work Research. - 2156-857X .- 2156-8588. ; 12:5, s. 716-727
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper uses the concept of recognition to investigate how young people labelled as having ‘complex needs’ experience their encounters with welfare state actors. Semi-structured interviews were held in 2018 with 14 young people, aged 15–22 years, in two Swedish municipalities. The participants have received multiple, long-term interventions from social services and psychiatric care. Research questions are: What aspects in the encounters between welfare state actors and young people may contribute to complexity in their life situations? How can Honneth’s concept of recognition illuminate this complexity? Aspects that have contributed to complexity in young people’s life situations are related to acts of dismissal. These dismissals by welfare state actors are interpreted as forms of disrespect as regards affection, rights or solidarity. Barriers to recognition are also related to the participants’ young age and position as children, and what this implies in a particular society. Our findings show that the difficulties young people face in their encounters with welfare state actors are partly due to the high level of specialization which contributes to an increased organizational complexity. Implications include that, when encountering young people in complex life situations, welfare state actors need to consider the importance of recognition as regards affection, rights, and solidarity. Recognition is central to achieving a positive outcome in working with young people in complex life situations and is expressed in social interactions. Therefore, building relationships needs to be more highly prioritized in welfare state organizations. young people in complex life situations and is expressed in social interactions. Therefore, building relationships needs to be more highly prioritized in welfare state organizations.
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| 27. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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What Work-Family Conflicts Do Fathers Experience in Sweden and in the United States?
- 2016. - 1
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Ingår i: Balancing Work and Family in a Changing Society. - Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9781137595270 ; , s. 176-189
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter investigated Swedish and US fathers’ experiences of work-family conflict, possible solutions, and actual changes to their work situation in relation to becoming a parent. The Swedish data were drawn from interviews completed in 2008 with 16 fathers with a child born in 2005 or 2006. The US data came from interviews conducted between 2005 and 2007 with 26 fathers with at least one child age five or younger. The Swedish semi-structured interviews were analyzed according to grounded theory. In terms of conflicts, half of the Swedish fathers mention time pressures or stress, with some referring to work-life balance as a puzzle. Findings indicate that the US fathers think that they work too much overtime as well as shift hours, and they also mention arguments with their partner about responsibility at home. At the same time, a majority of both US and Swedish fathers emphasize family as a priority over work. In terms of possible solutions, a common theme among Swedish fathers is to mention that ideal work hours would be less than their current hours, with some wishing for a shorter work week (e.g., 4 days) and others a shorter work day (e.g., 6 hours). US fathers most commonly wish for a more flexible work-life situation. In terms of actual changes, several fathers adjust their work lives in response to their family life. Among Swedish fathers, the most common changes involve working fewer hours, adjusting their start and end times, and taking advantage of flexible hours. Swedish fathers also emphasize trading off with their partners, including ‘shift parenting.’ As for US fathers, some have changed their job to be more at home, some changed from working three shifts and some fathers solved the situation by intense work during a limited time.
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| 28. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
-
Where Lies the Complexity? : Interviews with Swedish Young People who Receive Support from Social Services and Psychiatric Care.
- 2018
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mental ill-health among young people has increased in the past decades in Sweden as well as in other western countries. When mental ill-health is connected with social vulnerability such as difficulties in completing education, unemployment or substance abuse you may be considered to have “complex needs”. This paper presents findings from a project (2016-2018) in two municipalities. The data consists of semi-structured interviews from two sub studies. One with 13 young persons (15-25 years) who have been or are recipients of long-term support from social services as well as psychiatric care, and one with 24 professionals from social services and psychiatric care. The aim is to investigate young people’s and professionals’ experiences of work practices aiming at increased well-being for young people labelled as having complex needs. The research questions are: What barriers for work practices for sustainable support are there from the young people’s perspective? How to overcome work practice barriers for giving sustainable support, from the professionals’ perspective? The questions are reflected in three themes; empowerment, relationships and collaboration. Barriers mentioned by the young people are high employee turnover as well as too many professionals involved in activities. Professionals might have their own ideas about what should be done, not taking the wishes of the young person into consideration to a satisfying level. In collaboration between different organizations, the professionals consider it important with at least one person who has the influence in several of them. To take the young person seriously as well as staying on in difficult times are considered important. We argue that the expression complex needs, when used as a way to categorize young people, may obscure that the problem also lies with highly specialized and complex welfare state organizations. They do not always succeed in catering for the interconnected needs of their clients.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, 1963-
(författare)
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Why Most Swedish Fathers and Few French Fathers use Paid Parental Leave : An Exploratory Qualitative Study of Parents
- 2008
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Ingår i: Fathering. A Journal of Theory, Research, and Practice about Men as Fathers. - : Men's Studies Press. - 1537-6680 .- 1933-026X. ; 6:2, s. 192-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Why fathers did or did not take parental leave and their leave practices were studied in two countries with very different policies and cultural contexts, namely France and Sweden. The couples' income contributions and negotiations were assessed. Data were drawn from interviews completed in 1998 and 1999 with 20 French and 35 Swedish heterosexual couples who had at least one child below school-age living in the same household. The economic situation of the couple was an important reason in both nations as to why mothers used most or all of the leave. Evidence of negotiations about taking leave was expressed by Swedish fathers but not by French fathers. Swedish fathers expressed a child oriented masculinity, which is interpreted as representing modest change in hegemonic masculinity. In France, fathers' taking parental leave was not considered an alternative among parents. This practice and their rhetoric suggest no change in hegemonic masculinity.
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| 31. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
-
Young people meet complex organisations : An interview study with Swedish service providers
- 2018
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents findings from a Swedish interview study from 2016-2017 with 20 professionals working with young people, who suffer from a combination of mental ill-health and social vulnerability. They have been recipients of long-term support from multiple welfare service actors with the aim of promoting the young people’s wellbeing. The aim of the study is to investigate professionals’ experiences of work practices aiming at increased wellbeing for this group of young people. Mental ill-health among young people has increased in the past decades in Sweden as well as in many other western countries. Mental ill-health has also been connected with social vulnerability such as difficulties in completing education, unemployment, out-of-home care or substance abuse. This group of young people are sometimes referred to as youth with complex needs. Complex needs is a concept used to categorize people that have multiple interconnected needs that span medical and social issues, people that are considered as especially disadvantaged, or presenting challenges to welfare services. Categorizations of people and needs are prerequisites for legal, bureaucratic and professional systems within the welfare state. Welfare organizations construct knowledge and strategies regarding specific target groups according to these categorizations. In the paper we argue that the expression complex needs, when used as a way to categorize young people, not necessarily take into consideration that the problem instead may be the complex organizations that young people meet. These organizations may not always succeed in catering for the needs of young people.
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| 32. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
-
Young people with complex needs meet complex organizations : an interview study with Swedish professionals about sustainable work practices
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Community, Work and Family. - : Routledge. - 1366-8803 .- 1469-3615. ; 21:5, s. 620-635
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper concerns preconditions for the well-being of young people with mental ill-health combined with social vulnerabilities, also referred to as youth with complex needs. Research questions are: What barriers to sustainable work practices for young people labelled as having complex needs do professionals encounter? What do professionals identify as possible ways to overcome these barriers? Sustainable work practices are reflected in three themes: empowerment, relationships and collaboration. The findings are based on semi-structured interviews with 24 professionals, 3 men and 21 women, working in psychiatric care and the social services in two Swedish municipalities in 2016 and 2017. Major barriers are lack of continuity and co-ordination in staff and support, and fragmentation of work practices. As a consequence of the increased specialization of human service organizations, young people have to interact with many different professionals which could cause disparate interventions. Possible ways mentioned to overcome these barriers are supported through good interactional skills, using keyworkers as well therapeutic alliances, wrap-around services and case management. Complexity is linked to organizations and work practices rather than to young people. An often dysfunctional service delivery system in organizations with rigid boundaries may also affect professionals’ aim for sustainable support.
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| 33. |
- Anbäcken, Els-Marie, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
-
Older adults and care: reshaped family roles in societal change : A comparative study of Japan, South Korea, and Sweden
- 2021. - 1
-
Ingår i: Aging and the Family. - Bingley, UK : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 9781800714915 - 9781800714908 ; , s. 1-38
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim is to explore how family relations are affected by societalchanges in relation to informal and formal caregiving and self-determinationof older adults.Design/methodology/approach: Care managers (CMs)/social workers (SWs)(N = 124) participated in a comparative vignette study including Japan, SouthKorea, and Sweden. Systems theory was used.Findings: Japanese CMs/SWs clearly describe their efforts to create networksin a relational way between formal and informal actors in the community. SouthKorean CMs/SWs balance between suggesting interventions to support dailylife at home or a move to a nursing home, often acknowledging the family as themain caregiver. In Sweden, CMs/SWs highlight the juridical element in meetingthe older adult and the interventions offered, and families primarily give socialsupport. Regarding self-determination, the Japanese priority is for CMs/SWsto harmonize within the family and the community. South Korean CMs/SWsexpress ambivalent attitudes to older adults’ capability for self-determination inthe intersection between formal and family care. Swedish CMs/SWs adhere tothe older adult’s self-determination, while acknowledging the role of the familyin persuading the older adult to accept interventions. The results suggest emergingdefamilialization in South Korea, while tendencies to refamilialization arenoticed in Japan and Sweden, albeit in different ways.Research limitations/implications: In translation, nuances may be lost. Afocus on changing families shows that country-specific details in care serviceshave been reduced. For future research, perspectives of “care” need to be studiedon different levels.Originality/value: Using one vignette in three countries with different welfareregimes, discussing changing views on families’, communities’ and societal caregivingis unique. This captures changes in policy, influencing re- and defamilialization.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Andersson, Anna Karin
(författare)
-
Everyday functioning in six year-old children born preterm : From a child perspective towards the child's perspective
- 2017
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of the thesis was to explore everyday functioning in six year-old children born preterm, from the children’s perspectives and from their parents’ perspectives. The relation between everyday functioning and neonatal risk factors, behavioural characteristics was studied with descriptive and correlational statistics, ANOVA and multiple linear regression (I). Patterns of everyday functioning were explored in a cluster analysis following a person-oriented approach (II). In a mixed method approach, the children’s and their parents’ perceptions on children’s competence in everyday activities were explored with a pictorial instrument and analysed with descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis (III). The children’s perceptions of meaningful everyday life situations were explored in a photo voice study, analysed with qualitative content analysis. In total, 144 children born preterm and 222 children born at term and their parents were involved.The results indicated that from the parents’ perspective most children born preterm and full-term were perceived with strong everyday functioning featuring strong motor, process and communication skills, a positive interaction pattern and low levels of behaviour problems. As a group, the children born very preterm were perceived weaker in their everyday functioning than the full-term group but the pattern of performance skills, interaction and behaviour varied similar to that of children born full-term. Further, it was found that preterm birth was not the main predictor, instead hyperactivity had most influence on everyday functioning. Moreover, the children born preterm perceived themselves to be overall strong performers of everyday activities. They wanted to be active and do things and for that they wanted to have skills and significant others i.e. siblings, parents, friends and pets to interact with and to feel safe and loved. Further, the children born preterm expressed a will to develop, improve and gain new skills and to have more opportunities to do meaningful things.In conclusion, the results in this thesis indicate that young children born preterm are able to reflect on their everyday functioning, and express needs and desires for their participation in meaningful everyday life situations. Moreover, preterm birth is not the sole predictor of everyday functioning more critical is the interaction of individual, behavioural and contextual factors.
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| 37. |
- Andersson, Anna Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Meaningful everyday life situations from the perspective of children born preterm : A photo-elicitation interview study with six-year-old children
- 2023
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1932-6203. ; 18:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimThe aim of the study was to explore meaningful everyday life situations as perceived by six-year-old children born preterm. Materials and methodsThe study had a descriptive qualitative design with an inductive approach. Ten, six-year-old children born preterm, not diagnosed with any disabilities, participated. Data was collected by photo-elicitation interviews to stimulate and help the children to describe their meaningful everyday life situations. A qualitative content analysis according to Elo and Kyngas was applied. ResultsThe children's descriptions of meaningful everyday life situations can be understood as being in an active and dynamic process, representing the core category. The analysis resulted in three generic categories, as the children described the significance of having significant circumstances and doing things. The experiences the children gain when they do things create their desire for further development. DiscussionThe results reveal that children born preterm are able to reflect on and give detailed descriptions of situations of importance to them. The study suggests that if six-year-old children born preterm are given the opportunity to share their views they can take an active role e.g. in planning and carrying through of interventions by health care services.
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| 38. |
- Andersson, Anna Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Patterns of everyday functioning in preschool children born preterm and at term
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Research in Developmental Disabilities. - : Elsevier BV. - 0891-4222 .- 1873-3379. ; 67, s. 82-93
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aim: Children born preterm are at risk of neonatal complications but the long-term consequences for everyday functioning is not well known. The study aimed to identify patterns of everyday functioning in preschool children born preterm and at term in relation to perinatal data, neonatal risk factors, behaviour, and socioeconomic status. Registry data and data from parent rated questionnaires were collected for 331 children.Method: A person-oriented approach with a cluster analysis was used.Results: A seven cluster solution explained 65.91% of the variance. Most children (n = 232) showed patterns of strong everyday functioning. A minority of the children (n = 99), showed diverse patterns of weak everyday functioning. Perinatal characteristics, neonatal risk factors and socio-economics did not predict cluster group membership. Children born preterm were represented in all clusters.Conclusion, implications: Most preschool children are perceived by their parents with strong everyday functioning despite being born preterm. However small groups of children are, for various reasons, perceived with weak functioning, but preterm birth is not the sole contributor to patterns of weak everyday functioning. More critical for all children's everyday functioning is probably the interaction between individual factors, behavioural factors and contextual factors. To gain a broader understanding of children's everyday functioning. Child Health Services need to systematically consider aspects of body function, activity and in addition participation and environmental aspects.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Andersson, Anna-Lena
(författare)
-
Utbildningssituationen för elever med lindrig intellektuell funktionsnedsättning : Lärares och föräldrars perspektiv
- 2020
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The goal of the Swedish educational system is to offer all students a meaningful and equal education in an inclusive classroom environment. At the same time there are parallel school systems in Sweden, comprised by the Compulsory School for Students with Intellectual Disability (CSSID) and Compulsory School (CS). Students who are not able to achieve in accordance with syllabus of CS and who have an intellectual disability (ID) are eligible to receive education according to the CSSID syllabus. The decision of placement in either type of school rests on students’ parents. It can be assumed, therefore, that teachers are expected to offer education adjusted to each student’s individual needs.The aim of the thesis is to deepen the knowledge about the educational situation of students with mild intellectual disability (MID) through the perspectives of teachers and parents. Teachers’ and parents’ experiences and perceptions are studied: parents offer their stories about their children’s educational situation over time, and teachers’ reason about their work in teaching situations with the target group. Furthermore, pedagogical evaluations are studied to look at how school difficulties in teaching situations are described.The empirical data was collected in one municipality from the middle part of Sweden. The data constitutes of six interviews with parents of students with MID, and also 21 pedagogical evaluations of students with MID. Additionally, interviews were conducted with 21 teachers: eleven CS teachers and ten CSSID teachers.All interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis and using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), and manifest contents analysis was used to analyze pedagogical evaluations. Theories used were Biesta’s theory on the dimensions of education, the three levels in education transitions by Griebel and Niesel, and the school didactic theory by Uljen.The results show that the educational transitions and the educational situation around students with MID are complex. The transition from CS to CSSID means a readjustment for parents and they express the need for support from professionals in these transitions. Pedagogical evaluations contain individual-focused descriptions and focus to a lesser extent on teaching adaptations. Teachers in CS and CSSID outlined both common challenges in provision of support to all students but also described different prerequisites for it in the two school types. The results indicate that the teaching situation in both CSSID and the CS needs to be reviewed with regard to the school's organizational conditions to offer inclusive education.Keywordsinclusive education, transition, students with mild intellectual disability, interview, pedagogical evaluations, teachers, parents
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| 41. |
- Appelgren Engström, Heléne, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
Associations between heteronormative information, parental support and stress among same-sex mothers in Sweden-A web survey
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : WILEY. - 2054-1058.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate same-sex mothers' self-assessed experiences of forming a family, and the association between heteronormative information, parental support and parenting stress. Design: A quantitative, cross-sectional study. Methods: In a web survey conducted in Sweden in 2019, same-sex mothers (N = 146) with a child aged 1-3 years answered questions about their experiences of forming a family through assisted reproduction and questions about parenting stress. Descriptive statistics describes the process of forming a family. Pearson's correlation analyses and independent sample t tests were used to test hypotheses about heteronormative information, parental support and parenting stress. Results: Same-sex mothers experienced going through assisted reproduction treatment as stressful, and parental groups as not being supportive. Heteronormative information correlated with both lower perceived parental support and higher perceived parenting stress. Non-birth mothers experienced less acknowledgement and support than birthmothers.
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| 42. |
- Appelgren Engström, Heléne, 1968-
(författare)
-
Family formation in two-mother families : Experiences of parental support in antenatal and child health care in Sweden
- 2021
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim with the thesis was to examine same-sex mothers experiences of forming a family, pregnancy, parenthood and parental support from professionals in antenatal and child health care. An additional purpose was to explore professionals' experiences of meeting and supporting families with two mothers.The results are based on four articles (three studies). The project started with exploratory semi-structured interviews (n = 20) with mothers in same-sex relationships who had children with the help of assisted reproduction at a Swedish clinic. Thereafter, a web survey was designed based on the results from the first sub-study. The survey, as well as a survey on perceived parenting stress (SPSQ), was answered by 146 mothers in same-sex relationships. Finally, focus groups were held with professionals (n = 13) in antenatal and child health care with experience of meeting and supporting families with two mothers.The results showed that the mothers in same-sex relationships experienced the process of forming a family as a stressful journey in a heteronormative world, and that they lacked psychological / emotional support (Articles I, III). The results also showed that the mothers strived for equal parenthood and that they lacked professional support (Articles II, III).Furthermore, the results showed that the non-birth mother experienced a lower degree of acknowledgement from antenatal and child health care than the mother who gave birth, and a lower degree of support from antenatal care but no difference in the experience of support from child health care. The mothers also experienced a low degree of parenting stress (Article III).Professionals strived for an open approach in meeting new parents. They met well-prepared mothers who planned for equal parenting. Professionals expressed that they either gave equal support to all parents, or that they provided tailored support to same-sex mothers (Article IV).The thesis contributes with an in-depth understanding and increased knowledge about mothers in same-sex relationships' experience of family formation as well as their experience of treatment and support from professionals in antenatal and child health care. Furthermore, it also shows professionals' experiences of meeting and supporting families with two mothers.
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| 43. |
- Appelgren Engström, Heléne, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mothers in Same-Sex Relationships Describe the Process of Forming a Family as a Stressful Journey in a Heteronormative World : A Swedish Grounded Theory Study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Maternal and Child Health Journal. - : Springer. - 1092-7875 .- 1573-6628. ; 22:10, s. 1444-1450
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The aim of this study was to gain insight into how women in same-sex relationships experience the process of forming a family through the use of assisted reproduction technique (ART), from planning the pregnancy to parenthood, and their experience of parental support from healthcare professionals. Methods The participants were 20 women in a same-sex relationship who had conceived through ART at a Swedish clinic. Semi-structured interviews including open questions about pregnancy, parenthood and support from healthcare professionals were conducted. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were analysed according to grounded theory. Results The core category, A stressful journey through a heteronormative world, emerged from the analysis, as did three subcategories: A journey fraught with difficulties and decisions; The nuclear family as the norm; and A need for psychological support. Same-sex parents expressed a need for more information about how to access ART in Sweden. Both the healthcare organization and treatment were perceived as heteronormative. In particular, these women lacked psychological support during the demanding process of utilizing a sperm donor to conceive. Conclusions for Practice Professionals in antenatal care should undergo mandatory cultural competency training to ensure cultural sensitivity and the provision of updated information, tailored brochures and early parental support for families with same-sex parents. All parents need guidance and support from competent, caring personnel throughout the entire process of forming a family.
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| 44. |
- Appelgren Engström, Heléne, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mothers in same‐sex relationships—Striving for equal parenthood: : A grounded theory study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING. - : Wiley Online library. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 28:19-20, s. 3700-3709
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To get a deeper understanding of how mothers in same-sex relationships think and reason about their parenthood in terms of gender equality, and how they experience early parental support from child healthcare professionals. Background: There is an increasing amount of research on how women in same-sex relationships experience healthcare services when forming a family. Yet there is limited knowledge of what kind of early parental support these women may request. Design: Grounded theory. Follows guidelines for qualitative research (COREQ). Method: Twenty women ranging from 25 to 42 years of age participated in semi-structured interviews. Data collection and analysis took place in parallel, as recommended in grounded theory methodology. Results: The results are described by the core category Same-sex mothers request professional support to achieve equal parenthood, which includes five categories: (a) equality in everyday life, (b) diversity in mother and child attachment, (c) justification of the family structure, (d) ambivalent thoughts about their child's future and (e) a special need for networking and request for professional support. These findings provide a deeper understanding of how same-sex mothers experience their parenthood and the parental support that is offered. Conclusion: Child healthcare professionals need to be sensitive and recognise both mothers as equal parents and offer early parenting groups where two-mother families feel included and supported. Relevance to clinical practice: Healthcare professionals need to be aware of diverse family formations and meet each parent as a unique individual without heteronormative assumptions. Same-sex mothers must be treated as equal parents and acknowledged as mothers. Healthcare professionals should offer inclusive and supportive parental groups to same-sex families. They should also inform and support nonbirth mothers about the possibility to breastfeed.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Appelgren Engström, Heléne, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
Professionals' experiences of supporting two-mother families in antenatal and child health care in Sweden
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : WILEY. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background In Sweden, antenatal and child health care are offered free of charge to all expectant and new parents. Professionals in antenatal and child health care play an important role in supporting parents. Previous research shows that same-sex mothers face heteronormative assumptions and insufficient support during their transition to parenthood. Objective To explore professionals' experiences of supporting two-mother families in antenatal and child health care. Method A qualitative method with focus group discussions was used. An interview guide was followed, and the discussions were held online. The data was analysed according to inductive content analysis. Settings and participants The participants were midwives (n = 8) and nurses (n = 5) in antenatal and child health care from different parts of Sweden. Participants were recruited through the coordinating midwives and child health care nurses in the different regions. Findings One main category was identified: Striving to be open-minded in supporting same-sex mothers. Health care professionals described meeting well-prepared mothers, with an equal commitment between each other, and mothers on guard against heteronormative views. Professionals provided support through empowerment by creating a safe environment and aiming at providing equal support to all parents or tailored support to same-sex mothers. Mothers described handling challenges, as a balancing act to acknowledge both mothers. Struggling with documents and communication and a lack of information were other challenges to be handled. Professionals reflected on their own professional competence and expressed that knowledge acquired through education, experience and personal interest all contributed to their competence. Conclusions Forms and documentation need to be updated to be gender neutral to be including to a variety of family constelleations. Health care professionals need time to reflect on norms and challenges to better support both mothers in a two-mother family.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Danielsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Trajectories of Mental Health Problems in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities. - : Springer. - 1056-263X .- 1573-3580. ; 36, s. 203-242
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- To review the longitudinal trajectories - and the factors influencing their development - of mental health problems in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Systematic review methods were employed. Searches of six databases used keywords and MeSH terms related to children with neurodevelopmental disabilities, mental health problems, and longitudinal research. After the removal of duplicates, reviewers independently screened records for inclusion, extracted data (outcomes and influencing factors), and evaluated the risk of bias. Findings were tabulated and synthesized using graphs and a narrative. Searches identified 94,662 unique records, from which 49 publications were included. The median publication year was 2015. Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were the most commonly included population in retrieved studies. In almost 50% of studies, trajectories of mental health problems changed by < 10% between the first and last time point. Despite multiple studies reporting longitudinal trajectories of mental health problems, greater conceptual clarity and consideration of the measures included in research is needed, along with the inclusion of a more diverse range of populations of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities.
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| 49. |
- Granlund, Mats, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
-
Definitions and operationalization of mental health problems, wellbeing and participation constructs in children with ndd : Distinctions and clarifications
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:4, s. 1-19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children with impairments are known to experience more restricted participation than other children. It also appears that low levels of participation are related to a higher prevalence of mental health problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). The purpose of this conceptual paper is to describe and define the constructs mental health problems, mental health, and participation to ensure that future research investigating participation as a means to mental health in children and adolescents with NDD is founded on conceptual clarity. We first discuss the difference between two aspects of mental health problems, namely mental disorder and mental illness. This discussion serves to highlight three areas of conceptual difficulty and their consequences for understanding the mental health of children with NDD that we then consider in the article: (1) how to define mental health problems, (2) how to define and assess mental health problems and mental health, i.e., wellbeing as separate constructs, and (3) how to describe the relationship between participation and wellbeing. We then discuss the implications of our propositions for measurement and the use of participation interventions as a means to enhance mental health (defined as wellbeing). Conclusions: Mental disorders include both diagnoses related to impairments in the developmental period, i.e., NDD and diagnoses related to mental illness. These two types of mental disorders must be separated. Children with NDD, just like other people, may exhibit aspects of both mental health problems and wellbeing simultaneously. Measures of wellbeing defined as a continuum from flourishing to languishing for children with NDD need to be designed and evaluated. Wellbeing can lead to further participation and act to protect from mental health problems.
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| 50. |
- Gumaelius, Lena, et al.
(författare)
-
Outreach initiatives operated by universities for increasing interest in science and technology
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Engineering Education. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0304-3797 .- 1469-5898. ; , s. 1-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the 1990s, the low number of students choosing to study science and technology in higher education has been on the societal agenda and many initiatives have been launched to promote awareness regarding career options. The initiatives particularly focus on increasing enrolment in the engineering programmes. This article describes and compares eight European initiatives that have been established and operated by universities (and in some cases through collaboration with other actors in society). Each initiative is summarised in a short essay that discusses motivation, organisation, pedagogical approach, and activities. The initiatives are characterised by comparing the driving forces behind their creation, how the initiative activities relate to the activities at the university, size based on the number of participants and cost per participant and pedagogical framework. There seem to be two main tracks for building outreach activities, one where outreach activities are based on the university's normal activities, and one where outreach activities are designed specifically for the visiting students.
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