| 1. |
- Aartsen, M. G., et al.
(författare)
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The Detection Of A Sn Iin In Optical Follow-Up Observations Of Icecube Neutrino Events
- 2015
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 811:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The IceCube neutrino observatory pursues a follow-up program selecting interesting neutrino events in real-time and issuing alerts for electromagnetic follow-up observations. In 2012 March, the most significant neutrino alert during the first three years of operation was issued by IceCube. In the follow-up observations performed by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF), a Type IIn supernova (SN IIn) PTF12csy was found 0.degrees 2 away from the neutrino alert direction, with an error radius of 0.degrees 54. It has a redshift of z = 0.0684, corresponding to a luminosity distance of about 300 Mpc and the Pan-STARRS1 survey shows that its explosion time was at least 158 days (in host galaxy rest frame) before the neutrino alert, so that a causal connection is unlikely. The a posteriori significance of the chance detection of both the neutrinos and the SN at any epoch is 2.2 sigma within IceCube's 2011/12 data acquisition season. Also, a complementary neutrino analysis reveals no long-term signal over the course of one year. Therefore, we consider the SN detection coincidental and the neutrinos uncorrelated to the SN. However, the SN is unusual and interesting by itself: it is luminous and energetic, bearing strong resemblance to the SN IIn 2010jl, and shows signs of interaction of the SN ejecta with a dense circumstellar medium. High-energy neutrino emission is expected in models of diffusive shock acceleration, but at a low, non-detectable level for this specific SN. In this paper, we describe the SN PTF12csy and present both the neutrino and electromagnetic data, as well as their analysis.
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| 2. |
- Abbasi, Abdul G, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a verifiable and secure data sharing platform for livestock supply chain
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE International Conference on Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing, International Conference on Pervasive Intelligence and Computing, International Conference on Cloud and Big Data Computing, International Conference on Cyber Science and Technology Congress, DASC/PiCom/CBDCom/CyberSciTech 2022. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781665462976
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The digitization of a supply chain involves satisfying several functional and non-functional context specific requirements. The work presented herein builds on efforts to elicit trust and profit requirements from actors in the Swedish livestock supply chain, specifically the beef supply chain. Interviewees identified several benefits related to data sharing and traceability but also emphasized that these benefits could only be realized if concerns around data security and data privacy were adequately addressed. We developed a data sharing platform as a response to these requirements. Requirements around verifiability, traceability, secure data sharing of potentially large data objects, fine grained access control, and the ability to link together data objects was realized using distributed ledger technology and a distributed file system. This paper presents this data sharing platform together with an evaluation of its usefulness in the context of beef supply chain traceability.
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| 3. |
- Akram, Asif, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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AEOLIX Reference Book
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is a documentation on the AEOLIX Reference Book (ARB), a website created during the project to collect, highlight and present emerging trends, technologies and practices that are of interest to the problem domain of the project (http://reference.aeolix.eu). The purpose of this document is to present the content of the website.
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| 4. |
- Altmann, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Creating a Traceable Product Story in Manufacturing Supply Chains Using IPFS
- 2020
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Ingår i: 2020 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA). - Boston/New York : IEEE. ; , s. 11-18
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evolving traceability requirements increasingly challenge manufacturing supply chain actors to collect tamperproof and auditable evidence about what inputs they process, in what way these inputs are used, and what the resulting process outputs are. Traceability solutions based on blockchain technology have shown ways to satisfy the requirements of creating a tamper-proof and auditable trail of traceability data. However, the existing solutions struggle to meet the increasing storage requirements necessary to create an evidence trail using manufacturing data. In this paper, we show a way to create a tamper-proof and auditable evolving product story that uses a decentralized file system called the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). We also show how using linked data can help auditors derive a traceable product story from such an accumulating evidence trail. The solution proposed herein can supplement existing blockchain-based traceability solutions and enable traceability in global manufacturing supply chains where forming a consortium incurs prohibitive costs and where storage requirements are high.
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| 5. |
- Altmann, Peter, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Frugal Innovation and Knowledge Transferability
- 2016
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Ingår i: Research Technology Management. - Philadelphia, PA : Informa UK Limited. - 0895-6308 .- 1930-0166. ; 59:1, s. 48-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OVERVIEW: Western firms are generally advised to rely on emerging market partners when attempting to develop frugal innovations for these developing markets. Underlying such advice is the idea that the requirements of emerging market consumers may not be familiar to Western firms and local developers will better understand local needs. We propose an alternative approach for high-tech firms-one that relies on home-based breakthrough R&D focused on emerging market needs. Three frugal innovation projects at a Swedish medical devices manufacturer serve to illustrate both how home-based breakthrough R&D can help managers reconceptualize their core products and the contextual factors favoring such an approach.
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| 6. |
- Altmann, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Managing Emerging (Mis)Alignments in Data-Driven Servitization
- 2019
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Ingår i: Research technology management. - : Taylor and Francis Inc.. - 0895-6308 .- 1930-0166. ; 62:4, s. 37-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overview: Manufacturers moving to service-based business models are generally advised to provide total-care solutions to their customers in order to boost profits and strengthen customer relationships. To reduce the risks associated with such services, service providers often rely on remote monitoring technologies to access data on their products’ health and usage. Our study reveals a tension between the technical development of complex products capable of remote monitoring and the business logic required to commercialize this potential. Specifically, we show that the collaborative value co-creation context within which these products are typically developed requires managers to seek alignment in technical specifications and value co-creation logics simultaneously. However, technical alignment is contingent on factors that can lead to business logic misalignments.
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| 7. |
- Altmann, Peter, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Managing Human Resources and Technology Innovation : The Impact of Process and Outcome Uncertainties
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation Science. - Hockley : Multi-Science Publishing. - 1757-2223 .- 1757-2231. ; 7:2, s. 91-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High technology innovation performance relies on a skilful utilization of human resources. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of interpreted outcome and process uncertainties on the effective management of human resources for technology innovation. This is achieved through an insider-outsider based case study approach of three medical device innovations with varying degrees of radicalness. Findings suggest that uncertainties in process and outcome strongly influence what constitutes effective management of human resources for technology innovation. Findings also offer insights into when certain innovation theories hold, and suggestions on how to manage human resources and technology innovation under various conditions of uncertainty.
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| 8. |
- Altmann, Peter, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustained innovativeness and human resource management
- 2011
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Ingår i: Research on Technology, Innovation and Marketing Management 2009-2011. - Halmstad : Högskolan i Halmstad. - 9789197507516 ; , s. 21-35
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Innovation is paramount to success. Over time firms must maintain their ability to innovate in order to maintain their competitive edge. In this paper we explore the role human resource management has in nurturing and enhancing the innovative capability of the firm. To explore HRM activities, functions and processes that enhance or impede innovativeness we conducted a literature review. Following this review, 10 propositions have been made that link HRM to both incremental and radical innovativeness respectively. Our results include suggestions for empirical studies to validate our propositions as well as some managerial implications.
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| 9. |
- Altmann, Peter, 1985
(författare)
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Toward a cyclical model of resource alteration
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Strategy work is principally about resource alteration. As managers attempt to alter their organizational resources, they need to ask two questions: “What are our resources?” and “How can we use these resources?” Managers will probably have little difficulty answering these questions in the case of tangible resources, e.g., tools, money, and facilities. However, in the case of intangible resources e.g., intellectual property, brands, and goodwill, these questions become more difficult to answer. And in the case of abstract resources, e.g., attention, creativity, and culture, the answers become even more elusive. The mainstream advice to managers is that they should accurately assess their organizational resource base and unambiguously understand how these resources link to performance before they attempt to alter resources. This dissertation investigates how resource assessments actually take place in practice, how resource understandings shape resource alteration choices, and how resource alteration, in turn, shapes how managers understand their organizational resources. Three fine-grained studies highlight the contentious aspects of resource alteration. The studies show how managers try to find advantageous uses of resources they do not yet possess in order to solve problems that they often do not fully understand. The studies show also how managers, depending on their hierarchical and functional area memberships, come up with different answers to what resources they have and how these resources can be used. Not more or less accurate, just different. A theoretical model is proposed that depicts resource alteration as a perpetual cycle. By combining cognitive theory and practice theory, the model attempts to capture how activity configurations shape both practical and conceptual resource understandings and how these resource understandings predispose actors to certain resource alteration choices. The model also proposes that the resulting feedback on these resource alteration proposals, in turn, alter activity configurations. On the basis of the dissertation’s findings and the theoretical model, managers are advised to consider three dimensions of resources—asset characteristics, coordinated activities, and enacted rules—when they attempt to answer resource related questions.
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| 10. |
- Altmann, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Towards an explanation of resource cognition in strategic renewal : A multi-level process study of Höganäs 1571-2001
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent strategy research suggests that resource cognition is central in explaining a firm’s ability to survive during periods of environmental change. Resource cognition, which according to Danneels (2011:21) can be defined as the identification of resources and the understanding of their fungibility, shapes firm reorientation through its effect on managerial action. In this way, resource cognition is a crucial microfoundation of dynamic capabilities, because it mediates change of the resource-base of the firm (e.g. Helfat & Peteraf, 2014; Laamanen, & Wallin, 2009).Thus, firms with poor capabilities of resource cognition find it difficult to respond to changes in their environments. However, to survive, a firm alters between different reorientation processes while changing its resource-base (Agarwal & Helfat, 2009; Baden-Fuller & Volberda, 1997; Normann, 1971). Therefore, resource cognition may exist through different mechanisms (cf. Helfat & Peteraf, 2003; Laamanen & Wallin, 2009; Lavie, 2006). Yet, the nature and effect of such a multi-level mechanism remain unclear.How then does resource cognition unfold through different renewal processes? To answer this question we study Höganäs AB, a firm whose origins can be traced back to 1571. While the ancestry of this case provides a solid base to identify the beginning of reorientations, we concentrated our historical case analysis to detailed archival data, including board documents, letters, diaries, reports and logs, covering two hundred years of processes that depict resource cognition and renewal up to 2001.Preliminary results demonstrate that resource cognition was primarily shaped through external events, including customer input, product reviews, legislation, inspections and corresponding activities resulting in identification of new functional characteristics of existing resources. Regardless whether resources are physical (Schriber & Löwstedt, 2014), immaterial (Danneels, 2011), or complementary (Helfat, 1997), capabilities of resource cognition evolved enacted. By uncovering the theoretical mechanism behind enactment in different renewal processes, we aim at contributing to recent calls for multi-level research about dynamic capabilities (Felin et al. 2015; Salvato & Rerup, 2011).
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Altmann, Peter, 1985
(författare)
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When shared frames become contested: Environmental dynamism and capability (re)configuration as a trigger of organizational framing contests
- 2016
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Ingår i: Uncertainty and Strategic Decision Making. - 1786351692 ; , s. 33-56
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study investigates the role of functional area-specific managerial schemas on the attempt of strategic renewal at a large medical devices developer and manufacturer during a period of high environmental dynamism. Using data from a 16-month field study on managerial work related to the strategy process, I examine how functional area managers attempted to (re)configure organizational capabilities in response to various environmental challenges. While I did not find any disagreement between functional area managers related to what those challenges were, I did find fundamental disagreements related to what capabilities the organization can muster as a response. More specifically, disagreements surfaced in relation to how these capabilities should be assembled, and ultimately acted as triggers for the contestation of existing shared frames between functional area managers. These findings add to a growing body of evidence suggesting that there exist large differences between how managers within an organization interpret what the organization is capable of, and more specifically link these differences to the organization’s ability to adapt to environmental changes by showing how they impact the assembly of new capabilities deemed necessary for a successful response.
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| 13. |
- Broekman, Maarten J. E., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating expert-based habitat suitability information of terrestrial mammals with GPS-tracking data
- 2022
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Ingår i: Global Ecology and Biogeography. - : Wiley. - 1466-822X .- 1466-8238. ; 31:8, s. 1526-1541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Macroecological studies that require habitat suitability data for many species often derive this information from expert opinion. However, expert-based information is inherently subjective and thus prone to errors. The increasing availability of GPS tracking data offers opportunities to evaluate and supplement expert-based information with detailed empirical evidence. Here, we compared expert-based habitat suitability information from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) with habitat suitability information derived from GPS-tracking data of 1,498 individuals from 49 mammal species.Location: Worldwide.Time period: 1998-2021.Major taxa studied: Forty-nine terrestrial mammal species.Methods: Using GPS data, we estimated two measures of habitat suitability for each individual animal: proportional habitat use (proportion of GPS locations within a habitat type), and selection ratio (habitat use relative to its availability). For each individual we then evaluated whether the GPS-based habitat suitability measures were in agreement with the IUCN data. To that end, we calculated the probability that the ranking of empirical habitat suitability measures was in agreement with IUCN's classification into suitable, marginal and unsuitable habitat types.Results: IUCN habitat suitability data were in accordance with the GPS data (> 95% probability of agreement) for 33 out of 49 species based on proportional habitat use estimates and for 25 out of 49 species based on selection ratios. In addition, 37 and 34 species had a > 50% probability of agreement based on proportional habitat use and selection ratios, respectively.Main conclusions: We show how GPS-tracking data can be used to evaluate IUCN habitat suitability data. Our findings indicate that for the majority of species included in this study, it is appropriate to use IUCN habitat suitability data in macroecological studies. Furthermore, we show that GPS-tracking data can be used to identify and prioritize species and habitat types for re-evaluation of IUCN habitat suitability data.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Engberg, Robert, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Regulation and technology innovation: A comparison of stated and formal regulatory barriers throughout the technology innovation process
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Technology Management and Innovation. - Talca : Universidad de Talca. - 0718-2724. ; 10:3, s. 85-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regulation is often mentioned as a barrier to technology innovation in various industries. Delayed market entry, stifled creativity, added activities and resource requirements are some frequently mentioned barriers. The study presented here explored various claims of regulation acting as a barrier to technology innovation. The findings suggest that formal statutory requirements only partly explain why regulation is perceived as a technology innovation barrier. Findings further indicate several discrepancies between stated and formal regulatory barriers and suggest that the majority of the stated barriers emerge within the organization during operationalization and the technology innovation process.
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| 16. |
- Meyer, Rhonda C, et al.
(författare)
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Heterosis manifestation during early Arabidopsis seedling development is characterized by intermediate gene expression and enhanced metabolic activity in the hybrids
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Plant Journal. - Hoboken, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0960-7412 .- 1365-313X. ; 71:4, s. 669-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heterosis-associated cellular and molecular processes were analyzed in seeds and seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions Col-0 and C24 and their heterotic hybrids. Microscopic examination revealed no advantages in terms of hybrid mature embryo organ sizes or cell numbers. Increased cotyledon sizes were detectable 4 days after sowing. Growth heterosis results from elevated cell sizes and numbers, and is well established at 10 days after sowing. The relative growth rates of hybrid seedlings were most enhanced between 3 and 4 days after sowing. Global metabolite profiling and targeted fatty acid analysis revealed maternal inheritance patterns for a large proportion of metabolites in the very early stages. During developmental progression, the distribution shifts to dominant, intermediate and heterotic patterns, with most changes occurring between 4 and 6 days after sowing. The highest incidence of heterotic patterns coincides with establishment of size differences at 4 days after sowing. In contrast, overall transcript patterns at 4, 6 and 10 days after sowing are characterized by intermediate to dominant patterns, with parental transcript levels showing the largest differences. Overall, the results suggest that, during early developmental stages, intermediate gene expression and higher metabolic activity in the hybrids compared to the parents lead to better resource efficiency, and therefore enhanced performance in the hybrids.
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| 17. |
- Palm, Emanuel, 1987-
(författare)
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The Performance, Interoperability and Integration of Distributed Ledger Technologies
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the wake of the financial crisis of 2008, Bitcoin emerged as a radical new alternative to the fiat currencies of the traditional banking sector. Through the use of a novel kind of probabilistic consensus algorithm, Bitcoin proved it possible to guarantee the integrity of a digital currency by relying on network majority votes instead of trusted institutions. By showing that it was technically feasible to, at least to some extent, replace the entire banking sector with computers, many significant actors started asking what else this new technology could help automate. A subsequent, seemingly inevitable, wave of efforts produced a multitude of new distributed ledger systems, architectures and applications, all somehow attempting to leverage distributed consensus algorithms to replace trusted intermediaries, facilitating value ownership, transfer and regulation.In this thesis, we scrutinize distributed ledger technologies in terms of how they could help facilitate the digitization of contractual cooperation, especially in the context of the supply chain and manufacturing industries. Concretely, we consider them from three distinct technical perspectives, (1) performance, (2) interoperability and (3) integration. Voting systems, with or without probabilistic mechanisms, require significant time and resources to operate, for which reason it becomes relevant to investigate how the costs of running those systems can be mitigated. In particular, we consider how a blockchain, a form of distributed ledger, can be pruned to in order to reduce disk space requirements. Furthermore, no technical system part of a larger business is an island, but will have to be able to interoperate with other systems to maximize the opportunity for automation. For this reason, we also consider how transparent message translation between systems could be facilitated, as well as presenting a formalism for expressing the syntactic structure of message payloads. Finally, we propose a concrete architecture, the Exchange Network, that models contractual interactions as negotiations about token exchanges rather than as function invocations and state machine transitions, which we argue lowers the barrier to compatibility with conventional legal and business practices.Even if no more trusted institutions could be replaced by any forthcoming distributed ledger technologies, we believe contractual interactions becoming more digital would lead to an increased opportunity for using computers to monitor, assist or even directly participate in the negotiation, management and tracking of business agreements, which we see as more than enough to warrant the cost of further developing of the technology. Such computer involvement may not just save time and reduce costs, but could also enable new kinds of computer-driven economies. In the long run, this may enable new levels of resource optimization, and not just within large organizations, but also smaller companies, or even the homes of families and individuals.
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| 18. |
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