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- González, A, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiac Structure and Function in Epilepsy Patients with Drug-Resistant Convulsive Seizures
- 2022
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Ingår i: Case reports in neurology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1662-680X. ; 14:1, s. 88-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- High frequency of convulsive seizures and long-lasting epilepsy are associated with an increased risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Structural changes in the myocardium have been described in SUDEP victims. It is speculated that these changes are secondary to frequent convulsive seizures and may predispose to SUDEP. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the impact of chronic drug-resistant epilepsy on cardiac function and structure in patients with a high frequency of convulsive seizures. We consecutively included 21 patients (17 women, 4 men) aged 18–40 years, with at least 10 years with epilepsy and a minimum of six convulsive seizures in the last year and without a history of status epilepticus or nonepileptic events. A complete clinical examination, resting 12-lead electrocardiogram, 72-h Holter monitoring, and echocardiography were recorded in all patients. Ten patients were assessed by 3-Tesla cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Echocardiography and MRI data were compared with those from age- and sex-matched healthy control individuals. No significant changes in cardiac structure or function were found among patients with chronic drug-resistant epilepsy and high frequency of convulsive seizures. However, we cannot exclude that there are subgroups of patients who are more prone to epilepsy-associated cardiac alterations.
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- Gunton, L. M., et al.
(författare)
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Annelids of the eastern Australian abyss collected by the 2017 RV 'Investigator' voyage
- 2021
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Ingår i: Zookeys. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 1313-2989 .- 1313-2970. ; :1020, s. 1-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Australia, the deep-water (bathyal and abyssal) benthic invertebrate fauna is poorly known in comparison with that of shallow (subtidal and shelf) habitats. Benthic fauna from the deep eastern Australian margin was sampled systematically for the first time during 2017 RV 'Investigator' voyage 'Sampling the Abyss'. Box core, Brenke sledge, and beam trawl samples were collected at one-degree intervals from Tasmania, 42 degrees S, to southern Queensland, 24 degrees S, from 900 to 4800 m depth. Annelids collected were identified by taxonomic experts on individual families around the world. A complete list of all identified species is presented, accompanied with brief morphological diagnoses, taxonomic remarks, and colour images. A total of more than 6000 annelid specimens consisting of 50 families (47 Polychaeta, one Echiura, two Sipuncula) and 214 species were recovered. Twenty-seven species were given valid names, 45 were assigned the qualifier cf., 87 the qualifier sp., and 55 species were considered new to science. Geographical ranges of 16 morphospecies extended along the eastern Australian margin to the Great Australian Bight, South Australia; however, these ranges need to be confirmed with genetic data. This work providing critical baseline biodiversity data on an important group of benthic invertebrates from a virtually unknown region of the world's ocean will act as a springboard for future taxonomic and biogeographic studies in the area.
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- Vegrim, HM, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer Risk in Children of Mothers With Epilepsy and High-Dose Folic Acid Use During Pregnancy
- 2022
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Ingår i: JAMA neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6157 .- 2168-6149. ; 8079:111, s. 1130-1138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Women with epilepsy are recommended high doses of folic acid before and during pregnancy owing to risk of congenital anomalies associated with antiseizure medications. Whether prenatal exposure to high-dose folic acid is associated with increases in the risk of childhood cancer is unknown.ObjectiveTo assess whether high-dose folic acid supplementation in mothers with epilepsy is associated with childhood cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsObservational cohort study conducted with nationwide registers in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden from 1997 to 2017. Analyses were performed during January 10, 2022, to January 31, 2022. Mother-child pairs were identified in medical birth registers and linked with information from patient, prescription, and cancer registers, as well as with sociodemographic information from statistical agencies, and were categorized by maternal diagnosis of epilepsy. The study population consisted of 3 379 171 children after exclusion of 126 711 children because of stillbirth or missing or erroneous values on important covariates.ExposuresMaternal prescription fills for high-dose folic acid tablets (≥1 mg daily) between 90 days before pregnancy start and birth.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFirst onset of childhood cancer at younger than 20 years. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios with corresponding 95% CIs, adjusted for potential confounders. Cumulative incidence at aged 20 years was used as a measure of absolute risk.ResultsThe median age at the end of follow-up in the study population of 3 379 171 children was 7.3 years (IQR, 3.5-10.9 years). Among the 27 784 children (51.4% male) born to mothers with epilepsy, 5934 (21.4%) were exposed to high-dose folic acid (mean dose, 4.3 mg), with 18 exposed cancer cases compared with 29 unexposed, producing an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.7 (95% CI, 1.2-6.3), absolute risk if exposed of 1.4% (95% CI, 0.5%-3.6%), and absolute risk if unexposed of 0.6% (95% CI, 0.3%-1.1%). In children of mothers without epilepsy, 46 646 (1.4%) were exposed to high-dose folic acid (mean dose, 2.9 mg), with 69 exposed and 4927 unexposed cancer cases and an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.1 (95% CI, 0.9-1.4; absolute risk, 0.4% [95% CI, 0.3%-0.5%]). There was no association between children born to mothers with epilepsy who were prenatally exposed to antiseizure medications, but not high-dose folic acid, and an increased risk of cancer (absolute risk, 0.6%; 95% CI, 0.2%-1.3%).Conclusions and RelevancePrenatal exposure to high-dose folic acid was associated with increased risk of cancer in children of mothers with epilepsy.
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