| 1. |
- Amini, Hashem, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of ultrasound and autopsy findings in pregnancies terminated due to fetal anomalies
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 85:10, s. 1208-1216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To compare antenatal diagnoses with autopsy findings in pregnancies terminated after ultrasound detection of fetal anomalies. A second aim was to study the quality of antenatal fetal diagnosis over time. Design. Retrospective, multicenter study over two consecutive six-year periods in Uppsala and Stockholm. Setting. Cases were identified through fetal autopsy reports. Subjects. Three hundred and twenty-eight fetuses from pregnancies terminated between 1992 and 2003 because of ultrasonographically diagnosed anomalies. Main outcome measures. The findings at the last ultrasound examination were compared with the autopsy reports. Results. In 299 cases (91.2%) ultrasound findings either exactly matched or were essentially similar to the autopsy findings. In 23 cases (7%) ultrasound findings were not confirmed at autopsy, but the postnatal findings were at least as severe as the antenatal ones. In six cases (1.8%) termination was performed for an anomaly which proved to be less severe than was predicted by ultrasound. The number of such cases was the same in both six-year periods, while the total number of cases increased from 113 in the first to 215 in the second period. Fetal examination provided further diagnostic information in 47% of the cases. In 10% a syndrome was disclosed. Conclusion. Termination of pregnancy was not always based on a correct antenatal diagnosis. All fetuses but one from terminated pregnancies had evident anomalies. In six cases (1.8%) the decision to terminate was based on suboptimal prognostic and diagnostic information. Fetal autopsy by an experienced perinatal pathologist is essential to provide a definitive diagnosis.
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| 2. |
- Amini, Hashem
(författare)
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Fetal Anomalies : Surveillance and Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aims were to investigate the accuracy of ultrasound in diagnosis of structural fetal anomalies with special focus on false positive findings (I), to evaluate the additional value of second trimester fetal MRI on pregnancy management (II-III) and to estimate the ascertainment in the Swedish Birth Defects Registry and incidence of spina bifida and cleft lip/palate (IV). Retrospectively, 328 fetal autopsies were identified where pregnancies were terminated due to ultrasonographically diagnosed fetal anomalies. In 175 (53.4 %) cases ultrasound and fetal autopsy were identical, in 124 (37.8 %) ultrasound was almost correct, in 23 (7.0 %) ultrasound diagnoses could not be verified, but fetal autopsy showed other anomalies with at least the same prognostic value and in six (1.8 %) ultrasound diagnosis could not be verified and autopsy showed no or less severe anomalies (I). Prospectively, 29 pregnancies with CNS- (II) and 63 with non-CNS-anomalies (III) were included. In the CNS study MRI provided no additional information in 18 fetuses (62 %), additional information without changing the management in 8 (28 %) and additional information altering the pregnancy management in 3 (10%). In the non-CNS study the corresponding figures were 43 (68 %), 17 (27 %) and three (5 %), respectively. MRI in the second trimester might be a clinically valuable adjunct to ultrasound for the evaluation of CNS anomalies, especially when the ultrasound is inconclusive due to maternal obesity (II) and in non-CNS anomalies in cases of diaphragmatic hernia or oligohydramnios (III). In newborns, the ascertainments of birth defects are relatively high and assessable, but in pregnancy terminations they are lower or unknown. The incidence of newborns with spina bifida has decreased because of an increased rate of pregnancy terminations (>60%). There is room for improvement concerning the reporting of anomalies from terminated pregnancies (IV).
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| 3. |
- Amini, Hashem, et al.
(författare)
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Second trimester fetal magnetic resonance imaging improves diagnosis of non-central nervous system anomalies
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 90:4, s. 380-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. To evaluate the additional information of second trimester magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to ultrasound in fetuses with identified or suspected non-CNS anomalies and to study the clinical impact of the MRI information on pregnancy management. Design. Prospective study during 2003-2007. The fetal MRI examination was planned to be performed within three days after the ultrasound. Setting. Uppsala University hospital. Material and methods. Sixty-three women, where the second trimester ultrasound identified or raised suspicion of fetal anomalies were included. Ultrasound was compared to MRI in relation to the final diagnosis, which was based on the assessment of all available data including post-partum clinical follow-up and autopsy results. Main outcome measures. Evaluation of the additional information gained from MRI and the consequences it had on pregnancy management. Results. The mean interval between ultrasound and MRI was 2.6 days (range 0-15). In 42 (67%) cases MRI was performed within three days. All MRI examinations were assessable. In 43 (68%) fetuses MRI provided no additional information, in 17 (27%) MRI added information without changing the management and in three (5%) MRI provided additional information which changed the management. All these three cases had oligohydramnios. In all six cases of diaphragmatic hernia MRI provided additional information. Conclusions. Fetal MRI of non-CNS anomalies in the second trimester seems to be a valuable adjunct to ultrasound diagnosis of non-CNS anomalies, especially in cases of oligohydramnios and diaphragmatic hernia.
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| 4. |
- Amini, Hashem, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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The Clinical Impact of Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Management of CNS Anomalies in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 89:12, s. 1571-1581
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate the additional information of second trimester magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to ultrasound in fetuses with identified or suspected CNS anomalies and to study the clinical impact of the information on pregnancy management. Design: Prospective study during 2004-2007. The fetal MRI examination was planned to be performed within three days after the ultrasound. Setting: Uppsala University hospital. Subjects: Twenty-nine pregnant women where second trimester ultrasound identified or suspected fetal CNS anomalies. Main outcome measures: Evaluation of the additional information gained from MRI and the consequence it had on pregnancy management. Results: The mean interval between ultrasound and MRI was 1.6 days (range 0 –7). In 18 fetuses (62 %) MRI verified the ultrasound diagnosis but provided no additional information, while in 8 (28 %) MRI gave additional information without changing the management. In 3 (10 %), MRI provided additional information that changed the management of the pregnancy. Two of these women were obese. Conclusions: Fetal MRI in the second trimester might be a clinically valuable adjunct to ultrasound for the evaluation of CNS anomalies, especially when ultrasound is inconclusive due to maternal obesity.
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| 5. |
- Amini, Hashem, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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The Clinical Impact of Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Management of Non-CNS Anomalies in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate the additional information of second trimester MRI compared to ultrasound in fetuses with identified or suspected non-CNS anomalies and to study the clinical impact of the MRI information on pregnancy management. Methods: Sixty-three women were included, where the second trimester ultrasound identified or raised suspicion of fetal anomalies. Ultrasound was compared to MRI in relation to the final diagnosis, fetal autopsy if performed or postnatal diagnosis. The additional information of MRI and effect on pregnancy management was estimated in consensus. Results: The mean gestational age at the last ultrasound before MRI was 18+1 weeks (range 13+0-21+5). The mean interval between ultrasound and MRI was 2.6 days (range 0-15). In 42 (67 %) cases MRI was performed within three days. All MRI examinations were assessable. In 43 (68 %) fetuses MRI provided no additional information, in 17 (27 %) MRI added information without changing the management and in three (5 %) MRI provided additional information which changed the management. These three cases had all oligohydramnios. In all six cases of diaphragmatic hernia MRI provided additional information. Conclusions: Fetal MRI of non-CNS anomalies is feasible in the second trimester and gives additional information in nearly a third of cases. It may provide a clinically valuable adjunct to ultrasound especially in cases of diaphragmatic hernia or oligohydramnios.
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| 6. |
- Amini, Hashem, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish Birth Defects Registry : ascertainment and incidence of spina bifida and cleft lip/palate
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 88:6, s. 654-659
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To assess the ascertainment of spina bifida and cleft lip/palate (CLP) in newborns and in fetuses from terminated pregnancies (ToPs) in the Swedish Birth Defects Registry (BDR) and to estimate the true incidences of these two anomalies. DESIGN: Retrospective register study. SETTING: Center for Epidemiology at the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare, and Uppsala University Hospital. POPULATION: Newborns and fetuses from ToPs with spina bifida (1999-2004) and CLP (1999-2002) in Sweden. METHODS: Data from four registries/sources were used to estimate ascertainment in BDR and incidences of spina bifida and CLP. Main outcome measure: Ascertainment, under-ascertainment, and true incidence. RESULTS: For newborns, under-ascertainment of spina bifida and CLP were 6 and 13%, respectively, in BDR after record linkage with the Medical Birth Registry. Ascertainment of cleft palate increased when accompanied by cleft lip. The under-ascertainment of spina bifida in ToPs after 18 gestational weeks was 27%. Ascertainment of CLP in all ToPs and of spina bifida in ToPs before the 18th gestational week could not be estimated. The majority (109/155, 70%) of ToPs with spina bifida occurred before the 18th week. The estimated incidence of spina bifida per 10,000 births was 6.1 (2.4 newborns and 3.7 ToPs) and of CLP 20.1 (18.9 newborns and 1.2 ToPs). CONCLUSION: The ascertainments are relatively high for newborns in BDR, but lower or unknown for ToPs, which has an impact on the surveillance of spina bifida in view of the high proportion of ToPs.
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| 7. |
- Canto Moreira, Nuno, et al.
(författare)
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Measurements of the normal fetal brain at gestation weeks 17 to 23 : a MRI study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Neuroradiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-3940 .- 1432-1920. ; 53:1, s. 43-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: To obtain measurements of the normal fetal brain before 24 weeks of gestation (GW), a deadline for medical decisions on fetal viability in a large number of countries. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 70 normal MR examinations of fetuses aged GW 17 to 23. The fronto-occipital diameter, the cerebral bi-parietal diameter, the transverse cerebellar diameter, the vermian height, and antero-posterior diameter were measured. RESULTS: The median, maximum, and minimum values for each parameter were displayed for each individual GW. CONCLUSION: The recorded data might contribute to a better assessment of fetal health by providing normal boundaries for the brain growth.
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| 8. |
- Cederlund, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic resonance imaging in the second trimester as a complement to ultrasound for diagnosis of fetal anomalies
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : Sage Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 13:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundFetal ultrasound has limitations, especially if the patient is obese or in cases with oligohydramnios. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can then be used as a complement, but only few studies have focused on examinations in the second trimester.PurposeTo validate MRI as a complement to diagnose fetal anomalies in the second trimester.Material and MethodsThis retrospective study retrieved data from January 2008 to July 2012 from the Fetal Medicine Unit and Department of Radiology at Uppsala University Hospital. Ultrasound and MRI findings were reviewed in 121 fetuses in relation to the final diagnosis, including postpartum follow-up and autopsy results.ResultsOf the 121 fetuses, 51 (42%) had a CNS anomaly and 70 (58%) a non-CNS anomaly diagnosed or suspected. MRI provided additional information in 21% of all cases without changing the management and revealed information that changed the management of the pregnancy in 13%. When a CNS anomaly was detected or suspected, the MRI provided additional information in 22% and changed the management in 10%. The corresponding figures for non-CNS cases were 21% and 16%, respectively. The proportion of cases with additional information that changed the management was especially high in patients with a BMI >30 kg/m2 (25%) and in patients with oligohydramnios (38%). In five cases in category III, false-positive ultrasound findings were identified.ConclusionsMRI in the second trimester complements ultrasound and improves diagnosis of fetal CNS- and non-CNS anomalies especially when oligohydramnios or maternal obesity is present.
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| 9. |
- Hallberg, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Acute pancreatitis following medical abortion : Case report
- 2004
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Ingår i: BMC Women's Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6874. ; 4:1, s. 1-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis rarely complicates pregnancy. Although most pregnant women with acute pancreatitis have associated gallstones, less common causes such as drugs have been reported. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 34-year-old woman who underwent medical abortion with mifepristone and gemeprost and received codeine as pain-relief during the induction of abortion. She developed a severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis which required 14 days of intensive care. Other possible etiological factors, i.e. gallstone, alcohol intake and hyperlipidemia, were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: The reported case of acute pancreatitis was most likely drug-induced.
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