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| 2. |
- Ajslev, Jeppe Z N, et al.
(författare)
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Trading health for money: agential struggles in the (re)configuartion of subjectivity, the body and pain among construction workers
- 2017
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Ingår i: Work, Employment and Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 0950-0170 .- 1469-8722. ; 31:6, s. 887-903
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Construction work is physically demanding and often associated with bodily pain. This article presents a study of construction workers’ practices of using and relating to their bodies at work through an agential realist framework for analysing the (re)configuration of the workers’ embodied subjectivity. The analysis draws on interviews with 32 Danish construction workers as well as brief observations. The article shows how ‘trading health for money’ becomes a mode for maintaining positive social, occupational and masculine identity among construction workers. Furthermore, it shows how the agency of the body is overruled by the intra-acting agencies of productivity, collegiality, job security and masculine working-class identity. Finally, it shows an instability in this configuration of masculine working-class identity that leaves room for a focus on the body.
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| 3. |
- Ajslev, Jeppe, et al.
(författare)
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Association’s between wage system and risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among construction workers
- 2015
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Ingår i: Pain Research and Treatment. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-1542 .- 2090-1550. ; , s. 513903-513903
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedPiece rate and performance based wage systems are common in the construction industry. Construction workers are known to have an increased risk of pain and musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). In this cross-sectional questionnaire study, we examined the association between wage system and (1) physical exertion, (2) time pressure, (3) pain, and (4) fatigue. The participants comprised 456 male Danish construction workers working on one of three different wage systems: group based performance wage, individually based performance wage, and time based wage system. The statistical analyses indicated differences between the wage systems in relation to physical exertion (ηp = 0.05) and time pressure (ηp = 0.03) but not to pain or fatigue. Workers on group based performance wage scored higher (i.e., worse) than workers on individual performance based wage and workers with an hourly/monthly wage. In conclusion, group performance based wage was associated with higher levels of physical exertion and time pressure. Accordingly, group performance based wage can be viewed as a factor that has the potential to complicate prevention of MSD among construction workers. Since performance based wage systems are common in many countries across the world, more attention should be paid to the health effects of these types of payment.
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| 4. |
- Ajslev, Jeppe Zielinski Nguyen, et al.
(författare)
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Contradictory individualized self-blaming : a cross-sectional study of associations between expectations to managers, coworkers, one-self and risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among construction workers
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2474. ; 18:1, s. 13-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Within work sociology, several studies have addressed construction workers' practices of masculinity, class, economy, safety risks and production. However, few studies have investigated room for agency in relation to bodily pain or musculoskeletal disorders and even fewer have made a quantitative approach. Accordingly, by means of a questionnaire, we examined the association between construction workers' room for agency and physical exertion, bodily and mental fatigue, and lower back pain.METHODS: A total of 481 Danish construction workers who responded to a multifaceted questionnaire were included. Drawing on previous studies and a Foucauldian inspired concept of agency, agency was quantified through specially crafted questions and examined in relation to established measures on physical exertion, physical and mental fatigue and pain in the lower back. Associations were tested using analyses of variance (general linear models) and controlled for age, gender, job group, lifestyle and depression.RESULTS: When asked about options for agency reducing the burden of work, few workers believed themselves to be prime agents of such practices. When asking about their view on performing alternative agency implying caring for the body, 39-49% expected negative reactions from management, and 20-33% expected negative reactions from colleagues. In contrast, only 13-18% of the participants stated that they would give a negative reception to such alternative practices. Using the expected reception outcomes (positive, neutral, negative) to alternative practices as predictors, the statistical regression analyses showed that negative expectations to management were associated with higher levels of physical exertion 0.62 (95% CI = 0.14-1.09) (scale 0-11), bodily fatigue 0.63 (95% CI = 0.22-1.04), mental fatigue 0.60 (95% CI = 0.07-1.12), and low back pain 0.79 (95% CI = 0.13-1.46) (scales 0-10).CONCLUSION: In our study, construction workers answered questions about work and MSD. The answers indicated a contradiction between perceived responsibility and room for agency. Based on the study, a number of target areas could fruitfully be addressed in aiming to reduce MSD among construction workers. To change workers' expectances to the reception of lowering work pace if needed to take care of the body, their expectances to the reception of sickness absence as a result of pain, of discussing physical exertion in work and of demanding appropriate technical assistive devices are such examples. Our results emphasize that management plays an important role in this.
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| 5. |
- Andersen, Jeppe, et al.
(författare)
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A Parton Shower for High Energy Jets
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; 2011:7, s. 1-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a method to match the multi-parton states generated by the High Energy Jets Monte Carlo with parton showers generated by the A riadne program using the colour dipole model. The High Energy Jets program already includes a full resummation of soft divergences. Hence, in the matching it is important that the corresponding divergences in the parton shower are subtracted, keeping only the collinear parts. We present a novel, shower-independent method for achieving this, enabling us to generate fully exclusive and hadronized events with multiple hard jets, in hadronic collisions. We discuss in detail the arising description of the soft, collinear and hard regions by examples in pure QCD jet-production.
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| 6. |
- Andersen, Jeppe R., et al.
(författare)
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A Positive Resampler for Monte Carlo events with negative weights
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 80:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose the Positive Resampler to solve the problem associated with event samples from state-of-the-art predictions for scattering processes at hadron colliders typically involving a sizeable number of events contributing with negative weight. The proposed method guarantees positive weights for all physical distributions, and a correct description of all observables. A desirable side product of the method is the possibility to reduce the size of event samples produced by General Purpose Event Generators, thus lowering the resource demands for subsequent computing-intensive event processing steps. We demonstrate the viability and efficiency of our approach by considering its application to a next-to-leading order + parton shower merged prediction for the production of a W boson in association with multiple jets.
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| 7. |
- Andersen, Jeppe R., et al.
(författare)
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Les Houches 2017: Physics at TeV Colliders Standard Model Working Group Report
- 2018. - 07977
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This Report summarizes the proceedings of the 2017 Les Houches workshop on Physics at TeV Colliders. Session 1 dealt with (I) new developments relevant for high precision Standard Model calculations, (II) theoretical uncertainties and dataset dependence of parton distribution functions, (III) new developments in jet substructure techniques, (IV) issues in the theoretical description of the production of Standard Model Higgs bosons and how to relate experimental measurements, (V) phenomenological studies essential for comparing LHC data from Run II with theoretical predictions and projections for future measurements, and (VI) new developments in Monte Carlo event generators.
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| 8. |
- Andersen, Jeppe R., et al.
(författare)
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Merging high energy with soft and collinear logarithms using HEJ and PYTHIA
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; 2018:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a method to combine the all-order treatment of the High Energy Jets exclusive partonic Monte Carlo (HEJ) with the parton shower of Pythia8, while retaining the logarithmic accuracy of both. This procedure enables the generation of fully realistic and hadronised events with HEJ. Furthermore, the combination of the two allorder treatments leads to improvements in the quality of the description of observables, in particular for regions with disparate transverse scales.
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| 9. |
- Bothmann, Enrico, et al.
(författare)
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A standard convention for particle-level Monte Carlo event-variation weights
- 2023
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Ingår i: SciPost Physics Core. - 2666-9366. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Streams of event weights in particle-level Monte Carlo event generators are a convenient and immensely CPU-efficient approach to express systematic uncertainties in phenomenology calculations, providing systematic variations on the nominal prediction within a single event sample. But the lack of a common standard for labelling these variation streams across different tools has proven to be a major limitation for event-processing tools and analysers alike. Here we propose a well-defined, extensible community standard for the naming, ordering, and interpretation of weight streams that will serve as the basis for semantically correct parsing and combination of such variations in both theoretical and experimental studies.
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| 12. |
- Chaitanya, Lakshmi, et al.
(författare)
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Collaborative EDNAP exercise on the IrisPlex system for DNA based prediction of human eye colour
- 2014
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Ingår i: Forensic Science International. - : Elsevier. - 1872-4973 .- 1878-0326. ; 11, s. 241-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The IrisPlex system is a DNA-based test system for the prediction of human eye colour from biological samples and consists of a single forensically validated multiplex genotyping assay together with a statistical prediction model that is based on genotypes and phenotypes from thousands of individuals. IrisPlex predicts blue and brown human eye colour with, on average, >94% precision accuracy using six of the currently most eye colour informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (HERC2 rs12913832, OCA2 rs1800407, SLC24A4 rs12896399, SLC45A2 (MATP) rs16891982, TYR rs1393350, and IRF4 rs12203592) according to a previous study, while the accuracy in predicting non-blue and non-brown eye colours is considerably lower. In an effort to vigorously assess the IrisPlex system at the international level, testing was performed by 21 laboratories in the context of a collaborative exercise divided into three tasks and organised by the European DNA Profiling (EDNAP) Group of the International Society of Forensic Genetics (ISFG). Task 1 involved the assessment of 10 blood and saliva samples provided on FTA cards by the organising laboratory together with eye colour phenotypes; 99.4% of the genotypes were correctly reported and 99% of the eye colour phenotypes were correctly predicted. Task 2 involved the assessment of 5 DNA samples extracted by the host laboratory from simulated casework samples, artificially degraded, and provided to the participants in varying DNA concentrations. For this task, 98.7% of the genotypes were correctly determined and 96.2% of eye colour phenotypes were correctly inferred. For Tasks 1 and 2 together, 99.2% (1875) of the 1890 genotypes were correctly generated and of the 15 (0.8%) incorrect genotype calls, only 2 (0.1%) resulted in incorrect eye colour phenotypes. The voluntary Task 3 involved participants choosing their own test subjects for IrisPlex genotyping and eye colour phenotype inference, while eye photographs were provided to the organising laboratory and judged; 96% of the eye colour phenotypes were inferred correctly across 100 samples and 19 laboratories. The high success rates in genotyping and eye colour phenotyping clearly demonstrate the reproducibility and the robustness of the IrisPlex assay as well as the accuracy of the IrisPlex model to predict blue and brown eye colour from DNA. Additionally, this study demonstrates the ease with which the IrisPlex system is implementable and applicable across forensic laboratories around the world with varying pre-existing experiences.
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| 13. |
- Christensen, Jeppe Brage, et al.
(författare)
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Ionization quenching in scintillators used for dosimetry of mixed particle fields
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0031-9155 .- 1361-6560. ; 64:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ionization quenching in ion beam dosimetry is often related to the fluence- or dose-averaged linear energy transfer (LET). Both quantities are however averaged over a wide LET range and a mixed field of primary and secondary ions. We propose a novel method to correct the quenched luminescence in scintillators exposed to ion beams. The method uses the energy spectrum of the primaries and accounts for the varying quenched luminescence in heavy, secondary ion tracks through amorphous track structure theory. The new method is assessed against more traditional approaches by correcting the quenched luminescence response from the BCF-12, BCF-60, and 81-0084 plastic scintillators exposed to a 100 MeV pristine proton beam in order to compare the effects of the averaged LET quantities and the secondary ions. Calculations and measurements show that primary protons constitute more than 92% of the energy deposition but account for more than 95% of the luminescence signal in the scintillators. The quenching corrected luminescence signal is in better agreement with the dose measurement when the secondary particles are taken into account. The Birks model provided the overall best quenching corrections, when the quenching corrected signal is adjusted for the number of free model parameters. The quenching parameter kB for the BCF-12 and BCF-60 scintillators is in agreement with literature values and was found to be kB = (10.6 +/- 0.1) x 10(-2) mu m keV(-1) for the 81-0084 scintillator. Finally, a fluence threshold for the 100 MeV proton beam was calculated to be of the order of 10(10) cm(-2), corresponding to 110 Gy, above which the quenching increases non-linearly and the Birks model no longer is applicable.
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| 14. |
- Christensen, Jeppe Brage, et al.
(författare)
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Quenching-free fluorescence signal from plastic-fibres in proton dosimetry : understanding the influence of Cerenkov radiation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0031-9155 .- 1361-6560. ; 63:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The origin of photons emitted in optical fibres under proton irradiation has been attributed to either entirely Cerenkov radiation or light consisting of fluorescence with a substantial amount of Cerenkov radiation. The source of the light emission is assessed in order to understand why the signal from optical fibres irradiated with protons is reportedly quenching-free. The present study uses the directional emittance of Cerenkov photons in 12 MeV and 20 MeV electron beams to validate a Monte Carlo model for simulating the emittance and transmission of Cerenkov radiation in optical fibres. We show that fewer than 0.01 Cerenkov photons are emitted and guided per 225 MeV proton penetrating the optical fibre, and that the Cerenkov signal in the optical fibre is completely negligible at the Bragg peak. Furthermore, on taking the emittance and guidance of both fluorescence and Cerenkov photons into account, it becomes evident that the reported quenching-free signal in PMMA-based optical fibres during proton irradiation is due to fluorescence.
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| 15. |
- Framke, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Contribution of income and job strain to the association between education and cardiovascular disease in 1.6 million Danish employees
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 41:11, s. 1164-1178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: We examined the extent to which associations between education and cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality are attributable to income and work stress.Methods and results: We included all employed Danish residents aged 30–59 years in 2000. Cardiovascular disease morbidity analyses included 1 638 270 individuals, free of cardiometabolic disease (CVD or diabetes). Mortality analyses included 41 944 individuals with cardiometabolic disease. We assessed education and income annually from population registers and work stress, defined as job strain, with a job-exposure matrix. Outcomes were ascertained until 2014 from health registers and risk was estimated using Cox regression. During 10 957 399 (men) and 10 776 516 person-years (women), we identified 51 585 and 24 075 incident CVD cases, respectively. For men with low education, risk of CVD was 1.62 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58–1.66] before and 1.46 (95% CI 1.42–1.50) after adjustment for income and job strain (25% reduction). In women, estimates were 1.66 (95% CI 1.61–1.72) and 1.53 (95% CI 1.47–1.58) (21% reduction). Of individuals with cardiometabolic disease, 1736 men (362 234 person-years) and 341 women (179 402 person-years) died from CVD. Education predicted CVD mortality in both sexes. Estimates were reduced with 54% (men) and 33% (women) after adjustment for income and job strain.Conclusion: Low education predicted incident CVD in initially healthy individuals and CVD mortality in individuals with prevalent cardiometabolic disease. In men with cardiometabolic disease, income and job strain explained half of the higher CVD mortality in the low education group. In healthy men and in women regardless of cardiometabolic disease, these factors explained 21–33% of the higher CVD morbidity and mortality.
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| 19. |
- Kristensen, Nikolaj Pagh, et al.
(författare)
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Neoantigen-reactive CD8+ T cells affect clinical outcome of adoptive cell therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in melanoma
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738. ; 132:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND. Neoantigen-driven recognition and T cell–mediated killing contribute to tumor clearance following adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Yet how diversity, frequency, and persistence of expanded neoepitope-specific CD8+ T cells derived from TIL infusion products affect patient outcome is not fully determined. METHODS. Using barcoded pMHC multimers, we provide a comprehensive mapping of CD8+ T cells recognizing neoepitopes in TIL infusion products and blood samples from 26 metastatic melanoma patients who received ACT. RESULTS. We identified 106 neoepitopes within TIL infusion products corresponding to 1.8% of all predicted neoepitopes. We observed neoepitope-specific recognition to be virtually devoid in TIL infusion products given to patients with progressive disease outcome. Moreover, we found that the frequency of neoepitope-specific CD8+ T cells in TIL infusion products correlated with increased survival and that neoepitope-specific CD8+ T cells shared with the infusion product in posttreatment blood samples were unique to responders of TIL-ACT. Finally, we found that a transcriptional signature for lymphocyte activity within the tumor microenvironment was associated with a higher frequency of neoepitope-specific CD8+ T cells in the infusion product. CONCLUSIONS. These data support previous case studies of neoepitope-specific CD8+ T cells in melanoma and indicate that successful TIL-ACT is associated with an expansion of neoepitope-specific CD8+ T cells. FUNDING. NEYE Foundation; European Research Council; Lundbeck Foundation Fellowship; Carlsberg Foundation.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Matthiessen, Jeppe, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction in pedometer-determined physical activity in the adult Danish population from 2007-2012
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 43:5, s. 525-533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To examine the development in pedometer-determined physical activity from 2007-2008 to 2011-2012 in the adult Danish population. Methods: The study population comprised two random samples of 18-75-year-old individuals who took part in cross-sectional studies in 2007-2008 (n=224) and 2011-2012 (n=1515). Pedometer data (sealed Yamax SW 200) were obtained for seven consecutive days. Data for 1624 participants (48.2% men) were included in the analysis. An overall step-defined activity level was examined based on a graduated step index (sedentary, low active, somewhat active, active, highly active). The pedometer-determined outcomes were analysed using regression models. Results: A borderline significant decline (p=0.077) from 8788 to 8341 steps/day (-446 (95% confidence intervals -50, 943)) was found between 2007-2008 and 2011-2012. Furthermore, a 23.7% (95% confidence intervals -41.7%, -0.1%) lower overall step-defined activity level was observed in 2011-2012 compared to 2007-2008. These changes were primarily due to a reduced level of activity among women. The proportion of individuals taking 10,000 steps/day decreased non-significantly from 34.8% to 29.3%, whereas the proportion taking <5000 steps/day did not differ between survey periods. Conclusions: This nationally representative survey suggests an overall reduction in the physical activity level among Danish adults. The reduction was due to a shift in the population distribution from higher to lower levels of activity. If this shift is true, it is worrying from a public health perspective. Our study result needs, however, to be confirmed by other population studies.
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| 22. |
- Matthiessen, Jeppe, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction in pedometer-determined physical activity in the adult Danish population from 2007 to 2012
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 43:5, s. 525-533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To examine the development in pedometer-determined physical activity from 2007-2008 to 2011-2012 in the adult Danish population. Methods: The study population comprised two random samples of 18-75-year-old individuals who took part in cross-sectional studies in 2007-2008 (n=224) and 2011-2012 (n=1515). Pedometer data (sealed Yamax SW 200) were obtained for seven consecutive days. Data for 1624 participants (48.2% men) were included in the analysis. An overall step-defined activity level was examined based on a graduated step index (sedentary, low active, somewhat active, active, highly active). The pedometer-determined outcomes were analysed using regression models. Results: A borderline significant decline (p=0.077) from 8788 to 8341 steps/day (-446 (95% confidence intervals -50, 943)) was found between 2007-2008 and 2011-2012. Furthermore, a 23.7% (95% confidence intervals -41.7%, -0.1%) lower overall step-defined activity level was observed in 2011-2012 compared to 2007-2008. These changes were primarily due to a reduced level of activity among women. The proportion of individuals taking 10,000 steps/day decreased non-significantly from 34.8% to 29.3%, whereas the proportion taking <5000 steps/day did not differ between survey periods. Conclusions: This nationally representative survey suggests an overall reduction in the physical activity level among Danish adults. The reduction was due to a shift in the population distribution from higher to lower levels of activity. If this shift is true, it is worrying from a public health perspective. Our study result needs, however, to be confirmed by other population studies.
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| 23. |
- Østergaard, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Nordic Consumer Culture : Context and Concept
- 2014
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Ingår i: Research in Consumer Behavior. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 9781784411589 - 9781784411572 ; , s. 245-257
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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