| 1. |
- Frogner, Louise, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Stability and Change in Early Social Skills Development in Relation to Early School Performance : A Longitudinal Study of a Swedish Cohort
- 2022
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Ingår i: Early Education and Development. - : Routledge. - 1040-9289 .- 1556-6935. ; 33:1, s. 17-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research Findings: This study aimed to investigate the developmental path of social skills in early childhood, the associated predictors, and its impact on later school performance. This prospective longitudinal study included 2,121 children, ages 3-5 at baseline, from the general population in a mid-sized Swedish municipality. Results show both stability and change in social skills. Stable low social skills increased the risk for poor school performance, while stable high social skills increased the chance for good school performance in primary school. With some notable gender differences, both individual and family factors were significant predictors of stable low and stable high paths of social skills during early childhood.Practice or Policy: Whether the goal is to improve children’s social skills or their performance in school, this study provides important clues for prevention. We identified several potential targets for interventions to promote early social skills development, which may in turn promote positive school performance. It is also notable that there seem to be gender differences in which factors are important, indicating the need for gender-differentiated interventions.
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| 2. |
- Fanti, Kostas A., et al.
(författare)
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Worried, sad, and breaking rules? : Understanding the developmental interrelations among symptoms of anxiety, depression, and conduct problems during early childhood
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of criminal justice. - : Elsevier. - 0047-2352 .- 1873-6203. ; 62, s. 23-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research investigating the developmental interrelations among symptoms of anxiety, depression, and conduct problems in early childhood is lacking. The present study aims to fill this significant knowledge gap. A large Swedish prospective longitudinal data set (SOFIA study) was utilized, in which approximately 2.000 children have been assessed by parents and school staff at four time points, beginning at ages 3–5 and the fourth assessment conducted at ages 8–10. Results showed that symptoms of anxiety and depression were positively related to conduct problems, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, and among both boys and girls. However, when all other variables were controlled for in the path analysis, a different picture emerged. Cross-sectional unidirectional positive effects from conduct problems to depressive symptoms were identified at each time point, with the effect from conduct problems to depressive symptoms during middle childhood being only significant among girls. Furthermore, conduct problems predicted anxiety symptoms during middle childhood among both boys and girls. Neither depressive nor anxiety symptoms predicted conduct problems. These findings suggest that conduct problems are associated with increased risk for depressive and anxiety symptoms, and may contribute to the development of psychopathological symptoms during childhood.
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| 3. |
- Andershed, Henrik, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Initial test of the new risk-need assessment instrument for youths with or at risk for conduct problems : ESTER-assessment
- 2010
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Ingår i: Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-0428. ; 5, s. 488-492
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ESTER-assessment is a new assessment instrument for youths (0-18 years), and includes 19 empirically-derived risk and protective factors for conduct problems. This study tests the inter-rater reliability of the five-point rating scale used to assess the 19 factors in ESTER-assessment on 30 institutionalized girls and their file information. Exact agreement between raters varied from 38 to 72 percent on the 19 individual factors, a result much better than chance. Intra-class correlations of the two independent raters on the majority of the 19 individual factors were fair to good. In conclusion, the results lend support to the inter-rater reliability of ESTER-assessment.
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| 4. |
- Bergman, Lars R., et al.
(författare)
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Individual development and adaptation (IDA) : A life-span longitudinal program suited for person-oriented research
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal for Person-Oriented Research. - : The Scandinavian Society for Person-Oriented Research (SPOR). - 2002-0244 .- 2003-0177. ; 4:2, s. 63-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we give a presentation of the longitudinal research program Individual Development and Adaptation (IDA) that can be helpful as a template for researchers considering to launch their own longitudinal studies, and that opens the door to IDA for researchers looking for suitable data to be analyzed within their own project or in collaboration with IDA. We also introduce the holistic-interactionistic theoretical framework of IDA and the associated person-oriented approach – an approach that is especially suited for analyzing the rich IDA data set with its broad coverage of different areas of adjustment and related factors. The paper provides an overview of the essential features of the IDA database, as well as of ongoing and planned IDA research
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| 5. |
- Hellfeldt, Karin, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding preschool precursors to early school adjustment
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Positive early school adjustment has been suggested to provide an important base for future school performance. In fact, positive adjustment to school has emerged as one of the key factors for educational performance and lower rates of psychosocial and conduct problems. Thus, it is essential that we come to a better understanding of why some children exhibit positive early school adjustment while others do not. School adjustment is a comprehensive term, describing how children adapt both socially, behaviorally and academically, including aspects such as (i) children’s connectedness to school, i.e., liking school, (ii) children’s school involvement, i.e., school avoidance and task engagement and, (iii) children’s school performance, i.e., academic achievement. This presentation will give the outline for, and some preliminary descriptive results from a research project aimed at advancing knowledge and identifying the various developmental pathways of potential influential factors on school adjustment; early childhood risk and protective factors that are related to early positive and negative school adjustment. Potential risk and protective factors that will be studied include various preschool/school factors, family and parent-child factors, peer factors, and specific individual factors of the child. The study uses data from four waves of the SOFIA-study, an ongoing prospective longitudinal research program including all children born between 2005 and 2007 attending preschools during the spring of 2010 (>2,000 children) in a midsized Swedish municipality. The knowledge produced in this project can be used to develop strategies and interventions to promote early positive school adjustment, and to prevent early negative school adjustment.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Andershed, Anna-Karin, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Improving evidence-based social work practice with youths exhibiting conduct problems through structured assessment
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Social Work. - : Routledge. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 19:6, s. 887-900
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A key task in evidence-based case management of youth is the assessment of research-based risk and protective factors. In the present study we compare assessments of social workers using a structured assessment instrument with assessments of social workers not using such an instrument. Assessments of the exact same case—a vignette about a 14-year-old boy—conducted by 30 social workers using a structured assessment instrument and 30 social workers not using such an instrument were compared. The 60 assessments were also rated by independent researchers and senior social services managers, blind to whether an instrument had been used in the assessments or not. As hypothesized, using a structured assessment instrument resulted in the identification of a greater number of research-based risk and protective factors, and the assessments were rated as better in terms of general adequacy, quality, accuracy and potential treatment effectiveness, than when an instrument was not used. The present study demonstrates that social workers’ assessments of youth become more evidence-based, adequate and potentially more treatment effective when a structured assessment instrument is used as compared to when it is not.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Andershed, Anna-Karin, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk and protective factors among preschool children : integrating research and practice
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Evidence-Informed Social Work. - : Routledge. - 2376-1407 .- 2376-1415. ; 12:4, s. 412-424
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article the authors present a review of previous reviews and meta-analyses, identifying and summarizing the empirical research base on risk and protective factors for future psychosocial problems-specifically externalizing and internalizing problems-among preschool children. The authors also discuss risk and protective factors in the framework of concepts such as evidence-based practice, risk-focused prevention and treatment, and the Risk, Need, and Responsivity principles. They conclude that there is an extensive amount of research on risk and protective factors for preschool children that could and should be used by well educated professionals to help children to a better life.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Andershed, Anna-Karin, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The role of cumulative risk and protection for violent offending
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of criminal justice. - : Elsevier. - 0047-2352 .- 1873-6203. ; 45, s. 78-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Risk and protective factors for antisocial behavior have been shown to act in a cumulative manner. The purpose of this article is to examine the predictive power of risk factors and protective indices predicting violent offending.Methods: We used longitudinal data across 25 years to predict violent offenses for 475 males. Cumulative childhood risk factors (age 10), and-cumulative individual, family, peer and school protective factors (ages 13, 15) were analyzed.Results: The likelihood for a conviction for violent offenses showed a fivefold increase with an increase in risk factors from 0 to 3. This increase was markedly reduced when controlling for protective factors. Similarly, controlling for risk factors, the likelihood for a conviction was almost ameliorated, showing a tenfold decrease, with an increase in protective factors from 0 to 10. Interactions between cumulative risk and protective factors were also found. Total number of protective factors significantly decreased the likelihood of violent offenses for those with and without childhood behavioral risk factors, however the decrease was significantly greater for those with no childhood risk factors.Conclusions: Analyses of antisocial behavior should not be restricted to risk factors, but include protective factors, if the purpose is to better tailor interventions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 16. |
- Andershed, Anna-Karin, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The SOFIA-study : A prospective longitudinal study on social adjustment
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The SOFIA-study is a prospective longitudinal study of approximately 2,000 children in a mid-sized Swedish community. SOFIA is the acronym of Social and Physical Development, Interventions and Adaptation in Swedish, and the main focus of the study is on understanding developmen-tal trajectories of norm breaking, criminal behavior, and the risk and pro-tective factors for the various trajectories. The aim is to answer question such as Which risk factors are the most important in the development of norm breaking behavior? What protects children from a negative devel-opment? Which interventions are given to children with difficulties? The study was initiated in 2010 by professors H. Andershed and A-K. Ander-shed, and has since then assessed the participants in four data collection waves, in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2015. At base-line, the children were 3-5 years old, attending public preschools in the community. Questionnaires have been completed by caregivers, preschool and elementary school teachers, as well as principals and headmasters. The purpose has been to collect information both on the children – their behaviors and charac-teristics, the families – parent-child relationships, caregiver attributes, as well as preschool/school relationships, environment, and conditions. The papers presented in this panel are examples of papers using data from the SOFIA-study.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Andershed, Henrik, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychopathic personality works better than CU traits for predicting fearlessness and ADHD symptoms in children with conduct problems
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Children with early-onset conduct problems (CP) are at great risk for future behavior problems, and this risk seems to increase when CP co-occur with psychopathic traits. Even though studies are indicating that the entire psychopathic personality construct may be more useful in designating a meaningful subgroup of children with CP, research on psychopathic traits and CP in childhood have mainly focused on the role of callous unemo-tional (CU) traits. Prospective longitudinal data of 1,867 3- to 5-year-olds (47% girls) followed annually for two years was used to compare groups of children with different combinations of CP and psychopathic traits on fearlessness and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symp-toms. Children with CP and psychopathic personality had higher baseline and stable levels of fearlessness and ADHD symptoms than children with CP only or children with CP and concurrent CU traits. They were also more likely to display stable levels of the very risky combination of CP and ADHD symptoms. Results were similar for boys and girls. Findings indicate that there are reasons to consider other traits and behaviors as specifiers for subgroups of children with CP over and above CU traits, in order to optimize both diagnostic practice and treatment outcomes.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Andershed, Henrik, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk-need assessment for youth with or at risk for conduct problems : introducing the assessment system ESTER
- 2010
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Ingår i: Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-0428. ; 5, s. 377-383
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces ESTER, a research based and computerized risk-need assessment system for youths (0-18 years) with or at risk for conduct problems. The ESTER-system includes a screening tool/questionnaire (ESTER-screening) and a professional structured risk-need assessment instrument (ESTER-assessment). This article briefly presents the background and purpose of ESTER, and the risk and protective factors assessed. It also illustrates how the computerized system effectively helps in presenting results of single as well as repeated assessments, assisting the practitioner in tailoring suitable interventions.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Bergman, Lars R., et al.
(författare)
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Types and continua in developmental psychopathology : problem behaviors in school and their relationship to later antisocial behavior
- 2009
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Ingår i: Development and psychopathology (Print). - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 0954-5794 .- 1469-2198. ; 21:3, s. 975-992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the study of developmental psychopathology a dimensional, variable-oriented approach dominates over a typological approach. With the person-oriented research paradigm providing the metatheoretical framework, pros and cons of these two approaches are discussed, and it is pointed to different methodological realizations of the typological approach, and to the contexts where they might be appropriate. It is also pointed out that the two important and underused concepts of equifinality and multifinality with advantage can be incorporated in a person-oriented approach. An empirical example is given of the study of the structure of early adolescent problem behaviors and their relationship to later criminality where dimensional as well as typological analyses are carried out. The usefulness of the typological approach in studying the development and early manifestations of the personality disorder psychopathy is also discussed. It is concluded that the usefulness of a typological approach appears to be underestimated.
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| 28. |
- Bergstrøm, Henriette, et al.
(författare)
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Psychopathic traits during early childhood : Stable over time or rapidly changing?
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although research has shown psychopathic traits to be moderately to highly stable in late childhood and adolescence, little is known about stability in early childhood, specifically in preschool age. The current study was designed to fill this knowledge gap by assessing stability of psychopathic traits in a large community sample (n = 2,121) of three- to five-year-olds (47% girls) across a two-year time span. The sample displayed stable levels of Grandiose-Deceitful (GD), Callous-Unemotional (CU) and Impulsivity, Need for Stimulation (INS) traits. However, the degree of stability varieda cross these three traits dimensions, and by level of analysis, age, and gender. Rank-order stability ranged from low to very high, but effect sizes indicated less stability than on the mean level, where changes were detected but with small effect sizes, thus demonstrating high stability. This trend emerged for both genders, across development, and age. At an individual level, the great majority of the sample displayed stable levels of psychopathic traits to a large extent, with small gender and age differences. The current study is one of the first that investigates stability in children as young as three years old, and it highlights the possibility of measuring psychopathic traits in early childhood.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Cater, Åsa K., 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Victimized as a child or youth : To whom is victimization reported and from whom do victims receive professional support?
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Review of Victimology. - : Sage Publications. - 0269-7580 .- 2047-9433. ; 22:2, s. 179-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being victimized as a child or youth increases the risk of emotional and behavioural problems, and may call for a report to authorities and professional support. This study investigates how often young adult males and females in a randomly selected general population in Sweden (n=2,500) reported different types of victimization as a child or youth and to whom, from whom they received professional support, whether it was more common to receive professional support among those victimized multiple times by different types of crime, and whether there was a connection between report and support. Analyses reveal that the participants more often responded that they had not reported their victimization, than that they had reported it. For those who had, the police was the most common institution to which the victimization was reported. It was significantly more common for victimized females to both report and receive professional support than for males. There was a trend towards a greater likelihood of receiving professional support after higher levels of victimization. In all however, of those whose victimization had been reported to the authorities, only 22.4% had received professional support to deal with their experiences of victimization. We conclude that the relatively low prevalence of reporting victimization and receiving support documented in this study calls for reflection upon how well society meets the needs of victims.
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| 31. |
- Cater, Åsa, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Youth victimization in Sweden : prevalence, characteristics and relation to mental health and behavioral problems in young adulthood
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect. - : Elsevier BV. - 0145-2134 .- 1873-7757. ; 38:8, s. 1290-1302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study examines multiple types of victimization simultaneously, their preva-lence and characteristics in childhood and adolescence, and it examines the associationsbetween victimization and poly-victimization on the one hand and single and multiplemental health and behavioral problems on the other. The sample consisted of 2,500 Swedishyoung adults (20–24 years) who provided detailed report of multiple types of lifetime vic-timization and current health and behaviors via an interview and a questionnaire. Resultsshowed that it was more common to be victimized in adolescence than in childhood andmore common to be victimized repeatedly rather than a single time, among both malesand females. Males and females were victimized in noticeably different ways and par-tially at different places and by different perpetrators. With regard to mental health andbehavioral problems, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, self-harm, and criminality were clearlyoverrepresented among both males and females who had experienced any type of victim-ization. Poly-victimization was related to single and multiple mental health and behavioralproblems among both males and females. We conclude that professionals need to conductthorough evaluations of victimization when completing mental health assessments amongtroubled youths, and that youth might benefit from the development of interventions forpoly-victimized youth.
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| 32. |
- Colins, Olivier F., et al.
(författare)
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A New Measure to Assess Psychopathic Personality in Children : The Child Problematic Traits Inventory
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. - : Springer. - 0882-2689 .- 1573-3505. ; 36:1, s. 4-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the development of psychopathic personality from childhood to adulthood is crucial for understanding the development and stability of severe and long-lasting conduct problems and criminal behavior. This paper describes the development of a new teacher rated instrument to assess psychopathic personality from age three to 12, the Child Problematic Traits Inventory (CPTI). The reliability and validity of the CPTI was tested in a Swedish general population sample of 2,056 3- to 5-year-olds (mean age = 3.86; SD = .86; 53 % boys). The CPTI items loaded distinctively on three theoretically proposed factors: a Grandiose-Deceitful Factor, a Callous-Unemotional factor, and an Impulsive-Need for Stimulation factor. The three CPTI factors showed reliability in internal consistency and external validity, in terms of expected correlations with theoretically relevant constructs (e.g., fearlessness). The interaction between the three CPTI factors was a stronger predictor of concurrent conduct problems than any of the three individual CPTI factors, showing that it is important to assess all three factors of the psychopathic personality construct in early childhood. In conclusion, the CPTI seems to reliably and validly assess a constellation of traits that is similar to psychopathic personality as manifested in adolescence and adulthood.
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| 33. |
- Corovic, Jelena, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Criminal pathways : key findings from the Swedish IDA-program concerning early predictors and adulthood adjustment outcomes
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the current talk, a chapter from a 2014 upcoming European Hand-book of Criminal Careers and Life-course Criminology will be present-ed. The chapter is a summary of the key findings concerning criminality from a Swedish large scale prospective longitudinal research program: the IDA-program (Individual Development and Adaptation; previously named The Örebro Project). It is an ongoing longitudinal research program in which individuals have been followed from 1965, when they were at the age of 10, in a mid-sized Swedish municipality. Crime has been assessed from childhood to adulthood primarily by using official registers. The program has been listed as a key longitudinal criminological study and has thus far contributed with many original research studies on both the description and explanation of the development of criminal behavior. In this chapter, the focus is on the nature and prevalence of crime, stability of criminal behavior over developmental age-spans, early individual and social school age risk factors predicting registered criminality in general (through age 35), and criminal pathways more specifically, and the type of adulthood maladjustments associated with the different criminal path-ways, among both males and females. Results will be presented in relation to the theoretical assumptions of Moffitt’s life-course theory and Thorn-berry and Krohn’s Interactional theory. Several studies from the IDA-pro-gram are unique and have often been cited because of the holistic-inter-actionistic theoretical perspective on crime and the novel person-oriented methodological approaches to study crime, and not the least because both males and females are studied
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Doyle, Maria, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Feelings of safety in the presence of the police, security guards and police volunteers
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. - : Springer. - 0928-1371 .- 1572-9869. ; 22:1, s. 19-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uniformed presence is commonly thought to create feelings of safety in people.However, do differently uniformed people contribute to an equal amount of safety and arethere situation-dependent differences? The present study examined the association betweenvarious types of uniformed presence and people’s feelings of safety through a questionnaireamong 352 respondents (18–86 years) (49.1 % women). The questionnaire contained picturesof situations perceived as relatively safe and unsafe with or without uniformed presence. Therespondents estimated how safe they thought they would feel in these situations with nouniformed presence, two police officers, six police officers, a police vehicle, two securityguards, or two police volunteers. Results showed that uniformed presence did not increasefeelings of safety in a situation perceived as relatively safe, making patrol unnecessary. Insituations perceived as relatively unsafe however, all types of uniformed presence increasedfeelings of safety. Foot patrolling police contributed to the greatest increase in feelings ofsafety. Security guards and police volunteers created similar amounts of feelings of safetymaking police volunteers a cost-effective alternative. All types of foot patrol were better thanvehicle patrol, making non-police groups an alternative to vehicle patrol. Some situational,gender, and age differences were found.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Eriksson, Ida, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Temperamental and personality dimensions associated with stability and change of conduct problems and CU traits during childhood
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children with early onset conduct problems are at risk for long lasting psychosocial problems, which is especially true for children who also dis-play Callous-Unemotional (CU) traits. Very few studies have investigated the co-development of conduct problems and CU traits across time and none have done so in preschool years. In this study, we examined joint tra-jectories/groups of conduct problems and CU traits and examine whether temperamental and personality dimensions are associated with stability and change of co-occurring conduct problems and CU traits during early childhood. A longitudinal data base (the SOFIA study) was used in which children (n = 2121) were followed longitudinally at ages 3–5 years, 4–6 years, and 5–7 years. The Child Problematic Traits Inventory (CPTI) was used as the measure of psychopathic traits. Results suggested that children exhibiting high conduct problems and CU traits over time were charac-terized by deviations in temperament (fearlessness and low levels of easy temperament) and psychopathic personality dimensions. Children with decreasing or increasing conduct problems and CU traits were character-ized by marked decreases and increases respectively on temperamental and personality dimensions. In contrast, children with high conduct problems but low CU traits over time were characterized by less deviation on tem-peramental and personality dimensions compared to all other groups of children except the children with low conduct problems and low CU traits. In conclusion, specific temperamental and personality dimensions seem to be closely associated with stability and change of conduct problems and CU traits during the preschool years. Temperamental and personali-ty dimensions associated with the development of conduct problems and CU traits are changeable over time and may constitute key dimensions in preventive efforts.
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| 38. |
- Eriksson, Ida, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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What protects youths from externalising and internalising problems? : a critical review of research findings and implications for practice
- 2011
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Ingår i: Australian journal of guidance and counselling. - : Cambridges Institutes Press. - 1037-2911 .- 1839-2520. ; 21:2, s. 113-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Problems in childhood and adolescence, such as pronounced externalising and internalising problems, are associated with a relatively high risk for long-lasting psychosocial difficulties. Therefore, it is essential to understand what protects youth from externalising and internalising problems. The present article has three purposes: (1) To review previous research reviews concerning which factors that have been identified as protecting youth from externalising and internalising problems, (2) to identify and suggest key areas of focus for future research, and (3) to discuss implications of this knowledge for practice. From the 29 included reviews, it can be concluded that an extensive list of factors have been identified as being potentially protective in youths. These factors exist in the individual and the family, as well as outside the family. However, from this review of reviews, it is also evident that many important questions remain unanswered Answers to these questions would help make interventions for youths at risk more effective. How to use the existing research results concerning protective Factors in guidance and counselling with youths is discussed.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Eriksson, Ida, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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What we know and need to know about factors that protect youth from problems : a review of previous reviews
- 2010
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Ingår i: Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. - : Elsevier. - 1877-0428. ; 5, s. 477-482
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is twofold: 1) To review previous research reviews concerning which factors that have been identified as protecting youth from externalizing and internalizing problem behavior, and 2) To suggest key areas of focus for future research. From the 30 identified reviews, it is clear that there is a quite extensive list of factors that can be considered protective for youth. However, from this review of reviews, it is also clear that many important questions remain unanswered. We list a number of areas within the field that deserve further attention in future research.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Frogner, Louise, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Childhood Psychopathic Personality and Callous-Unemotional Traits in the Prediction of Conduct Problems
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0002-9432 .- 1939-0025. ; 88:2, s. 211-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyzed data from a prospective longitudinal study of Swedish preschoolers to examine whether psychopathic traits and concurrent conduct problems predict future conduct problems (CP) across 1- and 2-year follow-ups into early childhood. We tested the predictive ability of psychopathic traits while controlling for concurrent CP, and also by combining psychopathic traits with concurrent CP. A community sample of 1,867 preschoolers (47% girls) ages 3 to 5 years at baseline was recruited from a Swedish medium-sized municipality. Results from multivariate regression analyses showed that psychopathic traits alone (without co-occurring CP) did not consistently predict continuing childhood CP, but did so, among both boys and girls, in combination with concurrent conduct problems. It is important to note that, the combination of concurrent CP and the entire psychopathic personality, that is, a 3-dimensional psychopathic construct, was a stronger predictor of continuing childhood CP than the combination of concurrent CP and Callous-Unemotional (CU) traits among boys but not among girls.
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| 45. |
- Frogner, Louise, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychopathic Personality Works Better than CU Traits for Predicting Fearlessness and ADHD Symptoms among Children with Conduct Problems
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. - : Springer. - 0882-2689 .- 1573-3505. ; 40:1, s. 26-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children with early-onset conduct problems (CP) are at great risk for future behavior problems, and this risk seems to increase when CP co-occur with psychopathic traits. Even though studies are indicating that the entire psychopathic personality construct may be more useful in designating a meaningful subgroup of children with CP, research on psychopathic traits and CP in childhood have mainly focused on the role of callous unemotional (CU) traits. Prospective longitudinal data of 1867 3- to 5-year-olds (47% girls) followed annually for two years was used to compare groups of children with different combinations of CP and psychopathic traits on fearlessness and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Children with CP and psychopathic personality had higher baseline and stable levels of ADHD symptoms than children with CP only or children with CP and concurrent CU traits, while baseline levels of fearlessness did not differ. They were also more likely to display stable levels of the risky combination of CP and ADHD symptoms. Results were similar for boys and girls. Findings indicate that there are reasons to consider other traits and behaviors as specifiers for subgroups of children with CP over and above CU traits, in order to optimize both diagnostic practice and treatment outcomes.
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- Klingzell, Ida, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Early Childhood Trajectories of Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Traits : The Role of Fearlessness and Psychopathic Personality Dimensions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry and Human Development. - : Springer. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327. ; 47:2, s. 236-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children with early onset of conduct problems (CP) are at risk for long lasting psychosocial problems, especially if CP co-occurs with callous-unemotional (CU) traits. Joint trajectories of CP and CU traits during early childhood were identified using data from the SOFIA study, following 2031 children longitudinally from ages 3-5 to 5-7 years. The results showed that children exhibiting stable high CP and CU traits were characterized by high levels of fearlessness, and psychopathic traits, including grandiose-deceitfulness, and impulsivity, need for stimulation. Children with decreasing or increasing CP and CU traits were characterized by decreases and increases respectively in their levels of fearlessness and psychopathic traits. Children high on CP and low on CU traits exhibited lower levels of these dimensions. Thus, stability and change of fearlessness and psychopathic traits are associated with stability and change in CP and CU traits, making these temperamental and personality traits promising target candidates for early intervention.
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- Källström Cater, Åsa, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Youth victimization in Sweden : prevalence, characteristics and relation to mental health and behavioral problems in young adulthood
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study examines multiple types of victimization simultaneously, their prevalence and characteristics in childhood and adolescence, and the associations between victimization and poly-victimization on the one hand, and single as well as multiple mental health and behavioral prob-lems on the other. The sample consisted of 2,500 Swedish young adults (20–24 years) who provided detailed report of multiple types of life-time victimization and current health and behaviors via an interview and a questionnaire. Results showed that it was more common to be victimized in adolescence as compared to childhood and more common to be victim-ized repeatedly rather than a single time, among both males and females. Males and females were victimized in noticeably different ways and partially at different places and by different perpetrators. With regard to mental health and behavioral problems, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, self-harm, and criminality were clearly over-represented among both males and females who had experienced any type of victimization. Poly-victimization was related to single and multiple mental health and behavioral problems among both males and females. We conclude that professionals need to conduct thorough evaluations of victimization when completing mental health assessments among troubled youths, and that youth might benefit from the development of interventions for poly-victimized youth
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