| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Berit, et al.
(author)
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Manual till datorprogrammet GASOL
- 1996
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Gasol är ett användarvänligt PC-baserat datorprogram i Windowsmiljö. Programmet är specifikt utformat för simuleringar av utsläpp av gasol. Gasol är utvecklat på Brandteknik vid Lunds Universitet på uppdrag av Statens Räddningsverk. Gasol är ett vanligt bränsle i Sverige och användningen ökar. Både större och mindre olyckor har inträffat efter vådautsläpp av gasol. För att göra erforderliga riskanalyser av gasol-anläggningar är det nödvändigt att kunna göra konsekvensbedömningar för olika typer av oplanerade gasolutsläpp. Syftet med Gasol är att tillhandahålla ett såväl kraftfullt som användarvänligt datorprogram för konsekvensberäkningar. Programmet skall kunna beskriva spridningsbild och koncentrationer i luften vid utsläpp från tankar och rör av varierande utformning, ange värmestrålning på olika avstånd från ett antänt utsläpp samt avgiven strålning och alstrat tryck vid explosion i ett gasmoln eller vid ett tankhaveri. I indata ska hänsyn kunna tas till rådande väder- och vindförhållanden, topografi, bebyggelse och växtlighet samt till parametrar som är förknippade med utsläppskällan. Utdata skall presenteras i grafisk och tabellform. Gasol skall kunna användas av dem som arbetar med att ta fram konsekvensbedömningar för anläggningar och installationer där gasol utnyttjas som energikälla eller installationer för lagring av gasol. Programmet är främst avsett att utnyttjas inom räddningskårerna i Sverige och därför finns program och manual endast på svenska.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Berit, et al.
(author)
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Naturgas Säkerhetsnivå Riskanalys
- 1994
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna rapport har tillkommit på uppdrag av NUTEK och avser att belysa riskerna med distribution och industriell användning av naturgas. Tidigare har en rapport avseende naturgasinstallationer i hemmen utgetts [1,2]. Rapporten inleds med en allmän diskussion om risker. Vidare tas frågan om lagstiftning, tillsyn, kontroll och utbildning för naturgasanvändning i olika lander upp. Dessutom har en retrospektiv sökning efter statistik om naturgasolyckor samt incidenter gjorts. En kort genomgång av hur man beräknar konsekvenser av naturgasutsläpp görs också.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Alkan Olsson, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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A model-supported participatory process for nutrient management: a socio-legal analysis of a bottom-up implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive
- 2011
-
In: International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1473-5903 .- 1747-762X. ; 9:2, s. 379-389
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A methodology for local stakeholders' involvement in water management using a catchment model as a platform for dialogue has been developed and tested in the Kaggebo Bay drainage area in the southeast of Sweden. The process involved farmers, rural households not connected to municipal wastewater treatment facilities, local and regional authorities as well as different water and agricultural experts. This paper aims to assess whether and how the methodology has succeeded in encouraging social learning and promoting action and which barriers can be identified. The assessment shows that the methodology is able to create confidence in the process and increase the willingness to act as the methodology was able to adapt the form and content of the dialogue to better fit the cognitive and relational needs of involved stakeholders. It is also shown that the process may lead to a probable improvement of the eutrophication situation. However, if these types of processes are to serve not only as a basis for social learning and action at the local level, but also as the basis for a broader process of societal learning, then a mechanism to confer local ideas to the regional and national levels has to be clarified.
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| 6. |
- Alkan Olsson, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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How participatory can participatory modeling be? Degrees of influence of stakeholder and expert perspectives in six dimensions of participatory modeling
- 2007
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In: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 56:1, s. 207-214
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The authors are involved in a project aiming at the development of a methodology for participatory modeling as a tool for public participation in water resource management. In this paper, some examples of different degrees of stakeholder influence in six key dimensions of participatory modeling are identified and discussed. Arnstein's (A ladder of citizen participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 1969, 4, 216–224) critical discussion of different degrees of “real” decision-making power is taken as a point of departure to assess possible degrees of stakeholder influence. Can we as participatory modelers be sure that we are really inviting our research objects to an equal communicative relationship where local perspectives, knowledge and priorities are respected to the same extent as central and/or expert perspectives? This paper presents an approach that could be used as a tool for structured reflection to avoid unreflective tendencies towards expert knowledge dominance and low degree of stakeholders' real influence over the process.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Berit
(author)
-
Att förstå drogmissbruk : Praktiken, situationen, processen
- 1991
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- While the purpuse of the study is to understand drug abuse through experiences told by individuals in life history interviews, the analyses moves beyond the level of descriptive life history. The interview material is interpreted within a theoretical framework, where the multidimensional character of drug abuse is considered. Three perspectives are applied in the analyses: (1) Practise: Different forms of drug use are seen as socially constructed activity spheres, practises, to which individuals are reqruited and in which they qualify. 2) Context: Drug abuse is also determined by a special life situation, i.e. a combination of physical, social and psykological cirkumstances. (3) Process: Individual drug abuse is finally seen in relation to the individual´s life course, where new life conditions bring about changes in drug use, and where life conditions are constantly affected by drug use.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Berit, et al.
(author)
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Combustion of Chemical Substances and the Impact on the Environment of the Fire Products: 1/3 Scale Room Furnace Experiments
- 1994
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This report describes the results obtained from fire tests in a 1/3-scale room. The aim of the study was to investigate how changes in external radiation and oxygen supply affect the production of smoke and toxic gases. The ventilation was varied to simulate under- and well-ventilated fires. The thermal exposure to the materials was varied to simulate fires of different sizes. Fifty-nine tests were performed, with polystyrene, FR polystyrene, polypropylene, nylon and PVC. Measurements were made of the contents of O2, CO2, CO, NOx, and HC in the exhaust gases. The impact of external radiation was mainly to increase the pyrolysis rate, and thus the rate of heat release, and to drive the fire into under-ventilation. The degree of ventilation proved to have the greatest impact on the combustion efficiency. The smoke production was almost constant for polypropylene and nylon. The CO production appeared to be the most complex of the parameters to describe, and the expected increase in CO yield at low yields of CO2 could not be seen. The generation of NOx was low for the two substances without chemically bound nitrogen, but for nylon, the generation was significant. The production of low molecular weight HC was essentially constant for all three materials. Almost all the carbon was recovered in wellventilated fires, but at under-ventilated conditions, only 30% of the carbon from the he1 was detected. The toxic potency of the exhaust gases was estimated using the N-gas model, and proved to be relatively low. Lack of oxygen and the production of carbon oxide had the greatest impact on the toxicity for polystyrene and polypropylene, while NO, represented the main part for nylon. The survival fraction and the decomposition products from the original materials are not considered in the model. It can therefore not be assumed that the model reflects all aspects of the toxicity problem.
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| 11. |
- Andersson, Berit
(author)
-
Combustion Products from Fires - Influence from ventilation conditions
- 2003
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The production of combustion products is discussed, especially with respect to the influence of ventilation conditions. Results are presented and compared, from different experimental set-ups. Experimental techniques are presented and discussed.
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| 12. |
- Andersson, Berit, et al.
(author)
-
Combustion products generated by hetero-organic fuels on four different fire test scales
- 2005
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In: Fire Safety Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0379-7112. ; 40:5, s. 439-465
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The scaling of results from combustion experiments with four organic substances containing heteroatoms, carried out on four different scales, is discussed. The scales ranged from the micro-scale, using about 2 x 10(-3) kg of the substances, to large scale using about 50 kg of the substances. The content of O-2, CO, CO2, NOx, HCl, HCN and SO2 in the combustion gases were determined with special attention to the survival fractions of the tested substances and the amount of unburned hydrocarbons. The global equivalence ratio (GER) was used to describe the ventilation conditions during the experiments. The conditions were adjusted to range from under- to well-ventilated situations. It was found that the GER is not the only parameter that influences the production of combustion gases. Other parameters such as temperature and residence time also seem to be important in explaining the results. The experiments were performed as a part of the TOXFIRE project within the EC Environment programme.
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| 13. |
- Andersson, Björn, 1977, et al.
(author)
-
Decrease in adiponectin levels correlates to growth response in growth hormone-treated children.
- 2009
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In: Hormone research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0046 .- 0301-0163. ; 71:4, s. 213-8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Adiponectin is secreted by adipose tissue and circulates in human plasma at high levels. Decreased adiponectin levels are associated with insulin resistance and obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in serum adiponectin levels are related to the growth response, insulin levels and insulin resistance during growth hormone (GH) treatment.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Andersson, Berit, et al.
(author)
-
Experimental study of thermal breakdown products from halogenated extinguishing agents
- 2011
-
In: Fire Safety Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0379-7112. ; 46:3, s. 104-115
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thermal breakdown products from four different fire extinguishing agents have been analysed. The agents studied were: bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301), pentafluoroethane (HFC 125), heptafluoropropane (HFC 227ea) and dodecafluoro-2-methyl-pentane-3-one (C6F-ketone). In the tests, the studied agent was introduced into a propane flame in a diffusion flame burner. The combustion products were analysed using both conventional IR-techniques and FTIR. It could be concluded that for all four extinguishing agents that the extinguishing agent takes part in the combustion process resulting in production of CO and CO2, which was also confirmed by the increase in smoke production with increasing amounts of agent introduced into the flame. Production of HF and COF2 was found in experiments with all four extinguishing agents. In experiments with Halon 1301, the production of HBr was also determined. It was found that the main fraction of fluorine ends up as HF for HFC 227ea and HFC 125 at lower relative application rates. When approaching extinguishing concentrations, the fraction recovered as COF2 increases, but the total recovery of fluorine, including HF and the remaining part of the fluorine, is found in various organic breakdown products. The recovery of fluorine as HF and COF2 for the C6F-ketone is lower compared to HFC 227ea and HFC 125. There is a clear difference in the recovery of fluorine for Halon 1301 where an almost quantitative recovery as HF or COF2 is found. Halon 1301 additionally contains bromine, which, to a large extent, is recovered as HBr.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Andersson, Berit
(author)
-
Fire behaviour of beds and upholstered furniture - an experimental study (Second test series) Part 1
- 1985
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- A series of twelve full scale experiments with upholstered furniture and beds has been carried out. Ten experiments were performed inside an extensively equipped compartment with a door opening. In order to study the influence of the room on the fire development two experiments were carried out in the open outside the compartment. One experiment in the room was made with restricted ventilation simulating a room with only a small window open. During the experiments measurements were made of temperatures, heat fluxes, rate of heat release and smoke production. The concentrations of oxygen, carbonmonoxide, carbondioxide and nitrogen oxides in the combustion gases were also measured. Results from one experiment, a sofa with filling of standard polyurethane and cover of 100% acrylic fibres is presented in detail. From the rest of the experiments the temperature-time curves and the rate of heat release curves are given. The flame spread rates for the tests with mattresses and beds, determined from videofilms of the tests, are presented. Conclusions that can be drawn from the results are that the covering material of the furniture plays an important role in the development of a fire. I t is possible to produce upholstery materials that are difficult to ignite even with very powerful ignition sources. The room has a measurable influence on the fire development when the release of energy exceeds 1 XL. An attempt is made to compare simple theoretical models for room fires with experimental results. A correlation equation based on regression analysis by J. Ouintiere for assumption of the temperature in the hot upper layer in the room is applied to the experiments and gives good agreement with the experimental results. A number of models for determining flashover are also utilized and the results are in consistency with the experience gathered during the series of experiments. The calculations presented in this report were all carried out without help from computers. A more comprehensive theoretical analysis will follow in part 2 of the report.
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| 19. |
- Andersson, Berit, et al.
(author)
-
Fire Behaviour of Upholstered Furniture - An Experimental Study
- 1982
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The first and largely experimental part of a research program on flammability characteristics of upholstered furniture has been completed with full-scale tests in an extensively instrumented burn-out room as main element. The results indicate that fire response parameters vary within a large range with choice of filling, interlining and fabric material. Selection of performance criteria may cause difficulties, as parameters like heat release and smoke potential fluctuate strongly during the fire process. A second part of the program will be directed towards measurement of heat release by oxygen consumption methods, more detailed smoke and gas analysis measurements and use of mathematical simulation procedures.
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| 20. |
- Andersson, Berit, et al.
(author)
-
Fire Behaviour of Upholstered Furniture – An Experimental Study
- 1985
-
In: Fire and Materials. - : Wiley. - 1099-1018 .- 0308-0501. ; 9:1, s. 41-45
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A series of experiments for studies of flammability characteristics of upholstered furniture is presented. The series comprises 53 experiments on a reduced scale and 11 full-scale experiments in an extensively instrumented room. Results are presented from measurements of rate of heat release and smoke production. The experiments indicate that ignitability can be considerably decreased by careful choice of the upholstery materials.
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| 21. |
- Andersson, Berit
(author)
-
Fire hazard analysis of hetero-organic fuels - Source characteristics from experiments
- 2009
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Source characteristics from experiments with hetero-organic fuels are presented. The results are intended as input to fire hazard analysis. The results imply that it is possible to use experiments in reduced scale to get an indication of the combustion products that can be produced in a fire with hetero-organic fuels as well as the levels of yields that can expected in a fire involving chemicals.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Andersson, Berit, et al.
(author)
-
Förändringens väg - självförståelse och strategier i frigörelsen från drogmissbruk.
- 1993
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Did life change after treatment? How did it change? Evaluations of in-treatment programs for drug abusers are usually designed to discover effects of treatment on the client´s drug use. This report presents a follow-up study with a broader perspective. Rehabilitation from drug abuse is seen as a radical or gradual change of life course and identity, interrelated to changes in social conditions. Many factors are important in this tansistion, apart from treatment. A statistic part of the study shows that a majority (70 %) of the former clients have the same kind of social conditions five years after treatment as before. They still have criminal records and are dependant on social assistence for their living. Data indicates that only a few lead a normal social life outside the drug subculture. In a qualitative interview study, questions are raised about why and how same of the clients have succeeded in quitting drugs, while most have not succeeded, even if they have tried many times. The analysis demonstrates how successfull quitters have been able to establish an alternative life structure with values and relationships, that are not connected to drugs. Those who still have periods of drug abuse have not been able to establish an alternative life structure. The analysis also identifies different vocabularies and strategies used in the rehabilitation process.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Andersson, Berit
(author)
-
Introduktion till konsekvensberäkningar. Några förenklade typfall
- 1992
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I dagens samhälle krävs i många fall genomförande av risk- och/eller konsekvensanalyser. Krav ställs dels från myndigheter och dels inom enskilda företag och organisationer. Här kommer endast konsekvensanalyser att behandlas. Anledningen till att genomföra en konsekvensanalys kan skifta. Som nämnts kan krav på en konsekvensalanys komma utifrån från myndigheter och dels kan en analys utföras för att ge ett företag underlag för åtgärdsplanering. Att göra en inventering av vilka risker som finns inom företaget och vilka konsekvenser dessa kan ge upphov till är ofta mycket lärorikt. Syftet med här nedan redovisat arbete är att på svenska ge en sammanställning över beräkningsmetoder som kan användas vid en konsekvensanalys för att göra uppskattningar med hjälp av handräkningsmetoder. I många fall är det tillräckligt att göra denna typ av beräkningar för att gå en uppfattning om storleken på konsekvenserna av ett oplanerat utsläpp. Vid omfattande analyser är det till stor hjälp att ha tillgång till något av de datorprogram för konsekvensberäkningar som finns på marknaden. Handräkningsmetoderna kan då utnyttjas som enkla kontrollinstrument av att man gett rätt indata till de beräkningsmodeller som finns i datorprogrammet. Exakt överensstämmelse får man naturligtvis inte mellan resultaten men en storleksjämförelse är ändå viktig. Sammanställningen innehåller material från ett antal, inom området, välkända referenser. Uppläggningen har gjorts så att i de fall materialet hämtats från orginalreferensen så anges denna i annat fall hänvisas till de generella referenser som finns angivna i referenslistan. Härledningar har genomgående utelämnats och för studier av dessa hänvisas till de generella referenserna. Det redovisade arbetet initierades av Länsstyrelsen i Malmöhus län av det under 1989 pågående RAM-projektet (Risk-Analys-Malmöhus-län). Delvis har arbetet utförst inom detta projekt och även till en del finansierats av RAM-projektet.
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| 26. |
- Andersson, Berit
(author)
-
Model scale compartment fire tests with wall lining materials
- 1988
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Two series of tests with wall lining materials in an extensively equipped model scale room have been carried out. The dimensions of the room were 1.2 X 0.8 X 0.8 m³. In test series I the wall lining materials were mounted on three walls and in the ceiling. This test series comprised thirteen different materials. In test series I1 ten different materials were tested. They were mounted on the walls only. The test compartment was instrumented for measurement of gas temperatures. surface temperatures, heat flux. rate of heat release and for analysis of oxygen. Carbonmonoxide, carbondioxide and smoke.The ignition source was a propane gas diffusion burner. During the first 10 minutes the burner output was 11 kW. If no sustained burning in the material was achieved during this period the energy output was raised tv 33 kW. In the report all the collected data are summarized in tables, giving values at flashover and for combustion products production rates and total production. In appendices the time curves for the measured variables are given together with visual observations made during the tests.
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| 27. |
- Andersson, Björn, 1939, et al.
(author)
-
Seasonal variations in vitamin D in relation to growth in short prepubertal children before and during first year growth hormone treatment
- 2015
-
In: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0391-4097 .- 1720-8386. ; 38:12, s. 1309-1317
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose This study investigated the relationship between seasonal variations in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) levels and growth in prepubertal children during both the pretreatment year and the first year of GH treatment. Methods The study included 249 short prepubertal children with a broad range of GH secretion, GH(max) during a 24 h profile median 23; range 1-127 mU/L, 191 boys (mean age +/- SD, 8.6 +/- 2.6 years), 58 girls (7.5 +/- 1.9 years) receiving GH treatment (mean 43 mu g/kg/day; range 17-99 mu g/kg/day). Serum 25(OH) D was measured using an automated IDS-iSYS immunoassay. Results 25(OH) D levels showed seasonal variation, and decreased significantly during GH treatment. 25(OH) D levels at start and first year reduction in 25(OH) D, correlated (-) with the first year growth response during treatment. The degree of GH secretion capacity within our study population of mainly non-GH deficient children and 25(OH) D sufficient (67 +/- 29 nmol/L) had no influence on 25(OH) D levels. Growth during GH treatment were independent of seasonal variations in 25(OH) D. Multiple regression analysis showed that 25(OH) D levels at treatment start, together with auxological data and IGF-binding protein-3(SDS), explained 61 % of the variation in first year gain in height(SDS). Conclusion 25(OH) D levels were associated with first year growth response to GH and may be a useful contribution to future growth prediction models.
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| 28. |
- Andersson, Berit, et al.
(author)
-
Simulated Fires in Substances of Pesticide Type
- 1999
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In order to characterise fires in chemical warehouses, 38 medium scale experiments have been conducted. The experiments were performed in a 0.66m3 combustion chamber. On-line measurements were made of combustion gases (CO2, CO, HC and NOx), mass loss, smoke, temperatures, external radiation and phi-values. Intermittently gas and soot samples were collected and analysed for content of organic compounds and amount of soot produced. Main variables during the experiments were external radiation, fire diameter, opening configuration and ventilation condition. The medium scale was chosen in order to give a test method which is more convenient to work with, less expensive than full-scale experiments and still rather well simulates the conditions in a real fire.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Andersson, Björn, et al.
(author)
-
Spatio-temporal distribution of DMI and SDHI fungicide resistance of Zymoseptoria tritici throughout Europe based on frequencies of key target-site alterations
- 2021
-
In: Pest Management Science. - : Wiley. - 1526-498X .- 1526-4998. ; 77, s. 5576-5588
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND Over the past decade, demethylation inhibitor (DMI) and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides have been extensively used to control to septoria tritici blotch, caused by Zymoseptoria tritici on wheat. This has led to the development and selection of alterations in the target-site enzymes (CYP51 and SDH, respectively). RESULTS Taking advantage of newly and previously developed qPCR assays, the frequency of key alterations associated with DMI (CYP51-S524T) and SDHI (SDHC-T79N/I, C-N86S and C-H152R) resistance was assessed in Z. tritici-infected wheat leaf samples collected from commercial crops (n = 140) across 14 European countries prior to fungicide application in the spring of 2019. This revealed the presence of a West to East gradient in the frequencies of the most common key alterations conferring azole (S524T) and SDHI resistance (T79N and N86S), with the highest frequencies measured in Ireland and Great Britain. These observations were corroborated by sequencing (CYP51 and SDH subunits) and sensitivity phenotyping (prothioconazole-desthio and fluxapyroxad) of Z. tritici isolates collected from a selection of field samples. Additional sampling made at the end of the 2019 season confirmed the continued increase in frequency of the targeted alterations. Investigations on historical leaf DNA samples originating from different European countries revealed that the frequency of all key alterations (except C-T79I) has been gradually increasing over the past decade. CONCLUSION Whilst these alterations are quickly becoming dominant in Ireland and Great Britain, scope still exists to delay their selection throughout the wider European population, emphasizing the need for the implementation of fungicide antiresistance measures.
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| 31. |
- Andersson, Berit, et al.
(author)
-
Thermal breakdown of extinguishing agents
- 2008
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Four fire extinguishing agents has been investigated, bromotrifluoromethane, Halon 1301, pentafluoroethane, HFC 125, heptafluoropropane, HFC 227ea and dodecafluoro-2- methylpentane-3-one, C6F-ketone. The inerting concentrations were determined in a cubic pressure vessel with a volume of 8 litres. A cup burner was used to find the flameextinguishing concentrations for the agents. Thermal breakdown was also studied and for this purpose the studied agent was introduced into a flame of propane in a tubular burner. The produced combustion products were analysed both with conventional IR-techniques and with FTIR. It was found that HF and COF2 were produced from all studied agents. Models and theories on the mechanisms of the breakdown processes are presented.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Andersson, Berit, et al.
(author)
-
Våld mot invandrarkvinnor. Kvinnors berättelser och socialtjänstens strategier.
- 2000
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In recent years domestic violence has become an issue of major importance in Sweden. This is a fact to be observed in mass media but also in changes made in legislation. As concern and attention raises, new victim groups are "discovered". Among these we find women who have come to Sweden as refugees, through their marriage to Swedish men, or when reunited with a husband who arrived earlier. These women are often believed to be in greater danger to be fysically abused by their husbands and to have greater difficulties to coop with the situation than for example Swedish women. This due to the fact that they may have language problems, a lack of knowledge of the Swedish society, but also because of their cultural heritage. The empirical material in this study consists of cases of violence against women, collected from the special unit of social services to which immigrants are referred. Interviews were also made with a selected number of immigrant women and social workers. The study aims at analysing several aspects of the women´s lifes, not only the violence they experience from their partners. Such aspects are the exile situation and the cultural background of the families,but also value conflicts experienced in cultural norms, gender perspectives and human rights. Interviews with social workers focus om what actions they took in order to help the battered women, how they perceive these women, and problems when helping them.
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| 34. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(author)
-
A review of psychological treatment approaches for patients suffering from tinnitus
- 1995
-
In: ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE. - : SOC BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE. - 0883-6612. ; 17:4, s. 357-366
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Disabling tinnitus (ringing or buzzing in the ear) is a condition experienced by at least 1-2% of the population. Since medical and technical treatments are only partly successful, several psychological treatment approaches have been applied in the treat
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| 35. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(author)
-
Elderly hearing-impaired persons' coping behavior
- 1996
-
In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE. - : LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC. - 1070-5503. ; 3:4, s. 303-320
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Little is known about the coping behaviors associated with hearing impairment. In this study, 24 elderly hearing-impaired participants participated in a structured video interview including communication faults (provocations) presented in association wit
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| 36. |
- Andersson, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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Early temperament and stranger wariness as predictors of social inhibition in 2-year-olds
- 1999
-
In: BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY. - : BRITISH PSYCHOLOGICAL SOC. - 0261-510X. ; 17, s. 421-434
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Forty-five infants were followed from age 5 months to 25 months with the aim of studying the stranger wariness phenomenon from a temperamental perspective. Observations and heart rate reactions in a standardized situation of stranger approach, as well as
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| 37. |
- Andersson, Karin, et al.
(author)
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The feasibility of including sustainability in LCA for product development
- 1998
-
In: Journal of Cleaner Production. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 6:3-4, s. 289-98
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The feasibility of combining the concept of sustainability principles and the methodology of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is examined. The goal is to achieve an operational tool that incorporates sustainability in product development and strategic planning. While the method outlined has the structure of LCA, it emphasises aspects and parameters often omitted from traditional LCA. The analysis and results can be either qualitative or semi-quantitative. Although a qualitative analysis is less time consuming, it can still highlight the important issues. Qualitative information, which is easily lost in a quantitative analysis, can be emphasised. One of the conclusions is that the method is well suited for screening analysis. © 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 38. |
- Andersson, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Hydrolysis of galactolipids by human pancreatic lipolytic enzymes and duodenal contents
- 1995
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In: Journal of Lipid Research. - 1539-7262. ; 36:6, s. 1392-1400
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDG), digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDG) and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDG) are major lipids in vegetable food. Their digestion and absorption are unknown. This study examines the hydrolysis of galactolipids in vitro with human duodenal contents, pancreatic juice, and purified human pancreatic lipases. Galactolipids were incubated with human duodenal contents, pancreatic juice, pure pancreatic carboxyl ester lipase (CEL), and colipase-dependent lipase with colipase (Lip-Col). Hydrolysis was estimated as release of free fatty acids and by the use of [3H]galactose or [3H]fatty acid-labeled DGDG. Pancreatic juice and duodenal contents hydrolyzed DGDG to fatty acids, digalactosylmonoacylglycerol (DGMG) and water-soluble galactose-containing compounds. The hydrolysis of DGDG was bile salt-dependent and had a pH optimum at 6.5-7.5. Human pancreatic juice released fatty acids from MGDG, DGDG, and SQDG. Purified CEL hydrolyzed all three substrates; the hydrolysis rate was MGDG > SQDG > DGDG. Pure Lip-Col had activity toward MGDG but had little activity against DGDG. Separation of pancreatic juice by Sephadex G100 gel filtration chromatography revealed two peaks with galactolipase activity that coincided with CEL (molecular mass 100 kD) and lipase (molecular mass 50 kD) peaks. In contrast to pure Lip-Col enzymes of the latter peak were as active against DGDG as against MGDG. Thus, DGDG is hydrolyzed both by CEL and by a pancreatic enzyme(s) with a molecular mass of 40-50 kD to fatty acids and lyso DGDG. MGDG, DGDG, and SQDG are all hydrolyzed by human pancreatic juice. Pure CEL hydrolyzed all three substrates.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Andersson, Lotta, et al.
(author)
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Use of participatory scenario modelling as platforms in stakeholder dialogues
- 2008
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In: Water S.A.. - 0378-4738 .- 1816-7950. ; 34:4, s. 439-447
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A participatory methodology, based on dialogues between stakeholders and experts has been developed and tested in the drainage area to Kaggebo Bay in the Baltic Sea. This study is focused on the EU Water Framework Directive, with emphasis on reduction of eutrophication. The drainage area is included in the WFD administrative area of the Motala Strom River basin. A similar approach is now applied in a recently initiated project in the Thukela River basin, with focus on impacts of climate change on water resources. The methodology is based on the idea that a catchment model serves as a platform for the establishment of a common view of present conditions and the causes behind these conditions. In the following steps, this is followed by model-assisted agreement on environmental goals (i.e. what do we want the future to look like?) and local agreement on a remedy or mitigation plans in order to reduce environmental impact (e. g. eutrophication); alternatively to adapt to conditions that cannot be determined by local actions (e. g. climate change). By involving stakeholder groups in this model-supported stepwise process, it is ensured that all stakeholder groups involved have a high degree of confidence in the presented model results, and thereby enable various actors involved to share a common view, regarding both present conditions, goals and the way to reach these goals. Although this is a process that is time-(and cost-) consuming, it is hypothesised that the use of this methodology is two-pronged: it increases the willingness to carry out remedies or necessary adaptations to a changing environment, and it increases the level of understanding between the various groups and therefore ameliorates the potential for future conflicts. Compared to traditional use of model results in environmental decision-making, the experts role is transformed from a one-way communication of final results to assistance in the various steps of the participatory process.
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| 42. |
- Andersson, Morgan, et al.
(author)
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Is it possible to feel at home in a patient room in an intensive care unit? Reflections on environmental aspects in technology dense environments : Is it possible to feel at home in a patient room in an intensive care unit?
- 2019
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In: Nursing Inquiry. - London : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 1320-7881 .- 1440-1800.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper focuses on the patient’s perspective and the philosophical underpinnings that support what might be considered optimal for the future design of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patient room. It also addresses the question of whether the aspects that support at-homeness are applicable to ICU patient rooms. The concept of ‘at-homeness’ in ICUs is strongly related to privacy and control of space and territory. This study investigates whether the sense of at-homeness can be created in an ICU, when one or more patients share a room. From an interdisciplinary perspective, we critically reflect on various aspects associated with conflicts surrounding the use of ICU patient rooms. Thus, from an architectural and a caring perspective, the significance of space and personal territory in ICU patient rooms is emphasized. Recommendations for further research are suggested. In conclusion, privacy and control are deemed to be essential factors in the stimulation of recovery processes and the promotion of wellbeing in situations involving severe illness or life-threatening conditions.
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| 43. |
- Andersson, Morgan, 1965, et al.
(author)
-
Is it possible to feel at home in a patient room in an intensive care unit? Reflections on environmental aspects in technology-dense environments
- 2019
-
In: Nursing Inquiry. - : Wiley. - 1440-1800 .- 1320-7881. ; 26:4
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper focuses on the patient's perspective and the philosophical underpinnings that support what might be considered optimal for the future design of the intensive care unit (ICU) patient room. It also addresses the question of whether the aspects that support at-homeness are applicable to ICU patient rooms. The concept of “at-homeness” in ICUs is strongly related to privacy and control of space and territory. This study investigates whether the sense of at-homeness can be created in an ICU, when one or more patients share a room. From an interdisciplinary perspective, we critically reflect on various aspects associated with conflicts surrounding the use of ICU patient rooms. Thus, from an architectural and a caring perspective, the significance of space and personal territory in ICU patient rooms is emphasized. Recommendations for further research are suggested. In conclusion, privacy and control are deemed to be essential factors in the stimulation of recovery processes and the promotion of well-being in situations involving severe illness or life-threatening conditions.
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| 44. |
- Arheimer, Berit, et al.
(author)
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Catchment modelling at the global scale using the World-Wide HYPE (WWH)
- 2019
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent advancements in catchment hydrology (such as understanding hydrological processes, accessing new data sources, and refining methods for parameter constraints) make it possible to apply catchment models for ungauged basins over large domains. Here we present a cutting-edge case study applying catchment-modelling techniques at the global scale for the first time. The modelling procedure was challenging but doable and even the first model version show better performance than traditional gridded global models of river flow. We used the open-source code of the HYPE model and applied it for > 130 000 catchments (with an average resolution of 1000 km2), delineated to cover the Earths landmass (except Antarctica). The catchments were characterized using 20 open databases on physiographical variables, to account for spatial and temporal variability of the global freshwater resources, based on exchange with the atmosphere (e.g. precipitation and evapotranspiration) and related budgets in all compartments of the land (e.g. soil, rivers, lakes, glaciers, and floodplains), including water stocks, residence times, interfacial fluxes, and the pathways between various compartments. Global parameter values were estimated using a step-wise approach for groups of parameters regulating specific processes and catchment characteristics in representative gauged catchments. Daily time-series (> 10 years) from 5338 gauges of river flow across the globe were used for model evaluation (half for calibration and half for independent validation), resulting in an average monthly KGE of 0.4. However, the world-wide HYPE (WWH) model shows large variation in model performance, both between geographical domains and between various flow signatures. The model performs best in Eastern USA, Europe, South-East Asia, and Japan, as well as in parts of Russia, Canada, and South America. The model shows overall good potential to capture flow signatures of monthly high flows, spatial variability of high flows, duration of low flows and constancy of daily flow. Nevertheless, there remains large potential for model improvements and we suggest both redoing the calibration and reconsidering parts of the model structure for the next WWH version. The calibration cycle should be repeated a couple of times to find robust values under new fixed parameter conditions. For the next iteration, special focus will be given to precipitation, evapotranspiration, soil storage, and dynamics from hydrological features, such as lakes, reservoirs, glaciers, and floodplains. This first model version clearly indicates challenges in large scale modelling, usefulness of open data and current gaps in processes understanding. Parts of the WWH can be shared with other modellers working at the regional scale to appreciate local knowledge, establish a critical mass of experts and improve the model in a collaborative manner. Setting up a global catchment model has to be a long-term commitment of continuous model refinements to achieve successful and truly useful results.
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| 45. |
- Arheimer, Berit, et al.
(author)
-
Global catchment modelling usingWorld-Wide HYPE (WWH), open data, and stepwise parameter estimation
- 2020
-
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1027-5606 .- 1607-7938. ; 24:2, s. 535-559
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent advancements in catchment hydrology (such as understanding catchment similarity, accessing new data sources, and refining methods for parameter constraints) make it possible to apply catchment models for ungauged basins over large domains. Here we present a cutting-edge case study applying catchment-modelling techniques with evaluation against river flow at the global scale for the first time. The modelling procedure was challenging but doable, and even the first model version showed better performance than traditional gridded global models of river flow. We used the open-source code of the HYPE model and applied it for > 130 000 catchments (with an average resolution of 1000 km2), delineated to cover the Earth’s landmass (except Antarctica). The catchments were characterized using 20 open databases on physiographical variables, to account for spatial and temporal variability of the global freshwater resources, based on exchange with the atmosphere (e.g. precipitation and evapotranspiration) and related budgets in all compartments of the land (e.g. soil, rivers, lakes, glaciers, and floodplains), including water stocks, residence times, and the pathways between various compartments. Global parameter values were estimated using a stepwise approach for groups of parameters regulating specific processes and catchment characteristics in representative gauged catchments. Daily and monthly time series (> 10 years) from 5338 gauges of river flow across the globe were used for model evaluation (half for calibration and half for independent validation), resulting in a median monthly KGE of 0.4. However, the World-Wide HYPE (WWH) model shows large variation in model performance, both between geographical domains and between various flow signatures. The model performs best (KGE> 0:6) in the eastern USA, Europe, South-East Asia, and Japan, as well as in parts of Russia, Canada, and South America. The model shows overall good potential to capture flow signatures of monthly high flows, spatial variability of high flows, duration of low flows, and constancy of daily flow. Nevertheless, there remains large potential for model improvements, and we suggest both redoing the parameter estimation and reconsidering parts of the model structure for the next WWH version. This first model version clearly indicates challenges in large-scale modelling, usefulness of open data, and current gaps in process understanding. However, we also found that catchment modelling techniques can contribute to advance global hydrological predictions. Setting up a global catchment model has to be a longterm commitment as it demands many iterations; this paper shows a first version, which will be subjected to continuous model refinements in the future. WWH is currently shared with regional/local modellers to appreciate local knowledge.
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| 46. |
- Arheimer, Berit, et al.
(author)
-
The IAHS Science for Solutions decade, with Hydrology Engaging Local People IN a Global world (HELPING)
- 2024
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In: Hydrological Sciences Journal. - 0262-6667 .- 2150-3435.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The new scientific decade (2023-2032) of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) aims at searching for sustainable solutions to undesired water conditions - may it be too little, too much or too polluted. Many of the current issues originate from global change, while solutions to problems must embrace local understanding and context. The decade will explore the current water crises by searching for actionable knowledge within three themes: global and local interactions, sustainable solutions and innovative cross-cutting methods. We capitalise on previous IAHS Scientific Decades shaping a trilogy; from Hydrological Predictions (PUB) to Change and Interdisciplinarity (Panta Rhei) to Solutions (HELPING). The vision is to solve fundamental water-related environmental and societal problems by engaging with other disciplines and local stakeholders. The decade endorses mutual learning and co-creation to progress towards UN sustainable development goals. Hence, HELPING is a vehicle for putting science in action, driven by scientists working on local hydrology in coordination with local, regional, and global processes.
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| 47. |
- Arheimer, Berit, et al.
(author)
-
Using catchment models to establish measure plans according to the Water Framework Directive
- 2007
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In: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 56:1, s. 21-28
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A participatory modelling process (DEMO) has been developed and applied in a 350 km(2) catchment in southern Sweden. The overall goal is to improve the dialogues between experts and local stakeholders by using numerical models as a platform for discussions. The study is focused on reducing nutrient load and on the development of a locally established measure plan, which is requested by the European Water Framework Directive. The HBV-NP model was chosen as it can calculate effects and costs for different allocations of several combined measures in a catchment. This paper shows the impact of including local data in the modelling process vs. using more general data. It was found that modelled diffuse nutrient pollution was highly modified when including local know-how, soft information and more detailed field investigations. Leaching from arable land was found to be 35% higher using more detailed information on for instance, agricultural practices, crop and soil distribution. Moreover, the stakeholders' acceptance of model results and reliance on experts was increased by applying the participatory process and involving stakeholders in the modelling procedure.
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| 48. |
- Ax, Erika, 1981-
(author)
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Dietary Patterns : Identification and Health Implications in the Swedish Population
- 2015
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We eat foods not nutrients. What is more, we eat them in combinations. Consequently, capturing our complex food habits is likely an advantage in nutrition research. The overall aim of this doctoral thesis was therefore to investigate dietary patterns in the Swedish population –nutrient intakes, nutritional biomarkers and health aspects.Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men in the developed world. However, the impact of dietary factors on disease risk is largely unknown. In Study I we investigated the association between a Mediterranean- and a Low-carbohydrate-high-protein dietary pattern and prostate cancer risk, in a cohort of elderly Swedish men. The latter (but not the former) was associated, inversely, with prostate cancer risk when taking validity in food records into account.Diet is one of our main exposure routes to environmental contaminants. Hence, such exposure could act as a mediating factor in the relation between diet and health. In Study II we investigated the association between; a Mediterranean- and a Low-carbohydrate-high-protein dietary pattern, as well as the official dietary recommendations, and circulating levels of environmental contaminants, in an elderly Swedish population. The first two patterns were positively related to levels of both persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals, whilst the dietary recommendations were inversely associated to dioxin and lead.Finally, although dietary patterns are likely to influence health, little is known about current dietary patterns in Sweden. In Study III we used a data-reduction method to identify dietary patterns in a nationwide sample of the Swedish population. Two major patterns were derived; a Healthy pattern of foods generally considered healthy (e.g. vegetables, fruits, fish and vegetable-oils) and a Swedish traditional pattern (with e.g. meats, potatoes, sauces, non-Keyhole milk-products, sweet-bakery products and margarine). Derived patterns were associated to population characteristics and the Healthy dietary pattern was inversely associated to anthropometric variables in Study IV. Dietary characteristics of the patterns were well reflected in correlations to nutrient intake and (to a lesser extent) in nutritional biomarkers.In conclusion dietary patterns for overall health should be considered, as well as other lifestyle-factors, when interpreting results in nutrition epidemiology and establishing dietary recommendations.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
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