| 1. |
- Andersson, Annika, 1981, et al.
(författare)
-
Participation in leisure activities and binge drinking in adults – findings from a Swedish general population sample.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Addiction Research & Theory. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1606-6359 .- 1476-7392. ; 20:2, s. 172-182
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the associations between participation in different leisure activities and binge drinking in Swedish adults. The study was based on a questionnaire in a general population sample (n=3567) of individuals aged 19–64 years old. Men and women were defined as binge drinkers if they reported that they had consumed alcohol at least once a month, and stated that at a typical drinking occasion they consumed five or more standard glasses (12g of alcohol). Multivariate analyses found associations between binge drinking and socializing with friends among men aged 19–30 years (odds ratio, OR 2.88), in the 31–64 years old age group (OR 1.87). Corresponding results was found in younger women (OR 2.36). A higher OR was also found for younger men who regularly attended sporting events as spectators (OR 1.83), and among respondents in the older age group who regularly played computer or video games (OR 2.11 for women and 1.61 for men). A lower OR for binge drinking was found for men who regularly participated in religious services in both age-groups. Lower prevalence of binge drinking among women was only found in the younger group among those who regularly participated in sports/athletics or other training (OR 0.51). Our findings suggest that prevention strategies could benefit from an everyday life approach, but also that different interventions should be used in relation to specific leisure activities.
|
|
| 2. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Drinking context and problematic alcohol consumption in young Swedish women : Drinking context and problematic alcohol consumption
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Addiction Research and Theory. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1606-6359 .- 1476-7392. ; 21:6, s. 457-468
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has indicated that a variety of contextual factors are involved in the development of drinking behavior. An integrated perspective can extend our understanding of the context and circumstances in which individuals drink. In this study, a person-oriented approach, cluster analysis, was used to identify drinking context clusters in a population of 20- and 25-year-old Swedish women. A further aim was to analyze how these clusters were associated with problematic alcohol consumption (high episodic drinking (HED) and alcohol use disorder (AUD)). A total of 760 respondents were interviewed, some in 1996 and some in 2001. Self-reported effects of drinking and situational factors associated with drinking alcohol were used in the cluster analysis procedure. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations with problematic alcohol consumption. The results revealed four distinct clusters of drinking patterns: coping drinkers, social drinkers, controlled drinkers, and moderate drinkers. Differences between clusters concerning problematic alcohol consumption were found. HED was significantly more common among the social drinkers and alcohol use disorder was more prevalent among the coping drinkers. Age differences and to a lesser extent secular trends in drinking pattern could be observed. The findings suggest that information on drinking context can help to explain differences in patterns of risky drinking and AUD. This highlights the importance of identifying groups of individuals with potentially harmful drinking patterns, which could be the target of specific preventive actions.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Andersson, Björn, 1939, et al.
(författare)
-
Att förstå naturen - från vardagsbegrepp till kemi, sex "workshops"
- 2003
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten behandlar hur elever förstår centrala aspekter av kemin. Först kommer tre workshops om materiens bevarande, byggnad respektive faser. Därefter tas blandning, lösning och vattnets kretslopp upp. Som avslutning kommer två workshops om ämnen respektive kemiska reaktioner.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Aktivitetsperspektivet - ett outnyttjat perspektiv inom suicidpreventionen
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Hälsa och aktivitet i vardagen - ur ett arbetsterapeutiskt perspektiv. - Stockholm : Sveriges Arbetsterapeuter. - 9789187837791
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kapitlet beskriver och diskuterar hur begrepp från aktivitetsvetenskapen kan bidra till en fördjupad förståelse av suicidalitet. Vidare ges förslag på hur ett fokus på vardagens aktiviteter kan bli ett stöd för överlevnad och därmed ingå i suicidpreventiva åtgärder.
|
|
| 14. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Alkoholens inverkan på vardagslivet
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Hälsa och aktivitet i vardagen - ur ett arbetsterapeutiskt perspektiv. - Stockholm : Sveriges Arbetsterapeuter. - 9789187837791
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kapitlet berör alkoholens påverkan på vardagslivet, både i ett befolkningsperspektiv och på individnivå. Samband mellan aktivitesmönster i vardagen och alkoholrelaterade probelm tas upp, såväl som hur ett aktivitetsperspektiv på droganvändning kan avändas i preventivt eller återhämtande syfte.
|
|
| 15. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Användning av benzodiazepiner
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Svenska Föreningen för Alkohol- och Drogforskning, forskarmöte 20071025-26.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 16. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Capability to make well‑founded decisions: an interview study of people with experience of sickness absence who have common mental disorders
- 2022
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 22:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Sickness absence and rehabilitation processes can be challenging for an individual. At a time of generally reduced capacity, the individual must comprehend and navigate through several options. The aim of this study was to investigate the prerequisites for support, knowledge and information related to decision making experienced by people on sickness absence due to common mental disorders. Methods A qualitative explorative approach was used. Face-to-face interviews took place with 11 sick-listed individuals with common mental disorders. Patients were recruited from different sources in the western part of Sweden, such as primary health care centres, patient organizations and via social media. Data analysis was performed using manifest content analysis, meaning that the analysis was kept close to the original text, and on a low level of interpretation and abstraction. Results The analysis revealed three themes that described experiences of decision making during the sick leave and rehabilitation process: Ambiguous roles challenge possibilities for moving on; Uncertain knowledge base weakens self-management; and Perceived barriers and enablers for ending sick leave. Conclusions Our findings suggest that alternatives need to be found that address sickness absence and rehabilitation processes from a complex perspective. Collaboration between stakeholders as well as shared decision making should be considered when the time for return to work is discussed with sick-listed individuals. Other factors in the context of the individual must also be considered. Current knowledge on strategies to improve health/well-being while being in the sick leave process need to be elaborated, communicated and adapted to each individuals’ unique situation, including clarifying rights, obligations and opportunities during the sick-leave process.
|
|
| 17. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Dryckeskontextens betydelse för unga kvinnors alkoholkonsumtion. En klusteranalys av 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor åren 1995 och 2000.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Läkarstämman, Göteborg 2008.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dryckeskontextens betydelse för unga kvinnors alkoholkonsumtion. En klusteranalys av 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor åren 1995 och 2000. Bakgrund Under de senaste åren har framför allt en del internationell drogforskning fokuserat på fenomen som dryckeskontext och egna motiv till att dricka samt dessas samband med alkoholkonsumtion. Dryckeskontext har i nämnda studier definierats på något olika sätt, några mer teoretiskt förankrade, gemensamt kan sägas att man försökt besvara frågor om var, med vem och varför man druckit alkohol I den aktuella studien har vi analyserat sambandet mellan dryckeskontext och alkoholkonsumtion bland 20- och 25-åriga kvinnor i Göteborg. Syftet var att undersöka om det fanns specifika dryckesmönster, med hänsyftning på kontextuella variabler, om dessa dryckesmönster skiljde sig åt mellan undersökningsåren och om vissa dryckesmönster visade starkare samband med olika grader av alkoholkonsumtion. Metod Data från en befolkningsundersökning, ”Kvinnor och alkohol i Göteborg”: I studien ingick 897 unga kvinnor intervjuade under åren 1995 och 2000. Då dryckeskontext kan ses som ett multifaktoriellt fenomen valde vi att använda klusteranalys (”Two-step clustering”) för att identifiera grupper med olika dryckesmönster. Vi använde Pearson Chi-square för att undersöka skillnader i alkoholkonsumtion mellan de olika grupperna. Alkoholkonsumtion fördelades som Alkoholmissbruk/beroende - ABM, Intensivkonsumtion (60g etanol/tillfälle) - IK, Intensivkonsumtion/12 mån. – IK12 och Hög alkoholkonsumtion (20g etanol/dag senaste månaden) - HAK. Resultat Med hjälp av klusteranalys identifierades tre grupper med olika dryckesmönster för varje undersökningsår. 1995 syntes en grupp måttlighetsdrickare, en grupp som drack ofta både i sociala sammanhang och i ensamhet samt en grupp som bejakade mest upplevda effekter av sitt drickande. 2000 fann vi åter gruppen måttlighetsdrickare, därtill en grupp där man bejakade sociala effekter av alkohol och en annan grupp som uppgav mer fysiska och kognitiva effekter. 1995 visade gruppen som drack i ofta i sociala sammanhang signifikanta samband med ABM, IK12 och HAK. År 2000 sågs signifikanta samband med alla konsumtionsvariablerna hos de båda grupper som bejakande olika upplevda effekter av alkoholanvändning. Sammanfattning Klusteranalys var en god metod för att identifiera grupper med olika dryckesmönster som underlag för analys av skillnader i alkoholkonsumtion. Analysen understryker vikten av att ta hänsyn till upplevda effekter av och egna anledningar till drickande när man vill medverka till en minskad alkoholkonsumtion i befolkningen.
|
|
| 18. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955
(författare)
-
Kvinnors alkoholkonsumtion
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Riskbruk, missbruk, beroende. Insatser, forskning och fortbildning i Västra Götaland. - Göteborg : Forskningsrådet för missbruks och beroendefrågor. - 9789163361692 ; , s. 146-152
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 19. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalence of drug use in three cohorts of young Swedish women
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Kettil Bruun Society, Annual Meeting Riverside CA, USA, 20050530-03.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study presents prevalence of drug use among 1123 women aged 20 and 25 years in Göteborg, Sweden. The aim of the study was to measure prevalence of illegal and legal drug use in three cross-sectional cohorts interviewed in 1990, 1995 and 2000 as well as to describe the development of drug use within the same period. Prevalence was calculated for illicit and licit drug use in total and for three different patterns of drug use; narcotics only, medications only or a combination of the use of these substances. Also presented is the frequency of drug use. Further was analysed trends in changes of the use of nine specified drugs. Results: Both life-time and 12-months use of illicit drugs was significantly higher for 20-year-old women in 2000 (from 20.2% to 33.4% and from 9.5% to 22.3% respectively). The use of licit drugs was highest (but not significant) among 25-year-old women in 1990. Cannabis was the most prevalent drug used with a significant increase in life-time use for 20-year-old women from 17,4% to 28,8%. Both age-groups reported significant increases in the use of heroin, 25-year-old women in use of psychedelica and 20-year-old women in use of other drugs. Conclusions: The prevalence rates found were higher than compared to contemporary studies in Sweden. Further was found a significant trend for using both illegal and legal drugs among the youngest cohort, and a tendency for more regular use of drugs in both age-groups in 2000.
|
|
| 20. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalens av användning/missbruk av legala och illegala droger i tre kohorter unga, svenska kvinnor
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Riksstämman, Göteborg 2004.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund: Efter en minskning under 1980-talet visar ett flertal studier både inom och utanför Europa på en ökning av droganvändandet från 1990-talet och framåt. Detta gäller framför allt bland yngre personer och cannabis är den mest förekommande drog i alla rapporteringar. Totalt för Sverige svarade 16% bland ungdomar (19-24 år) år 2000 att man prövat narkotika. Metod: Data från en longitudinell befolkningsundersökning, “Kvinnor och alkohol i Göteborg”. Denna presentation avser tvärsnittsstudier av droganvändande hos tre kohorter 20 och 25 åriga unga kvinnor intervjuade mellan 1990 och 2000. Resultatet redovisas både som prevalenstal i jämförelse mellan de tre intervjuomgångarna och som trendanalys av förändringen i användandet av enskilda drogtyper. Resultat: Andelen 20-åriga kvinnor som enbart använt illegala droger ökade från 14,7 till 17,7% mellan åren 1995 och 2000. Vad gäller gruppen som använde både illegala droger och beroendeframkallande mediciner (BM) ökade denna bland 20-åriga kvinnor från 5,5 1995 till 15,7% 2000. Däremot var gruppen som enbart använde BM högst hos 25-åringar år 1990, därefter sågs sjunkande siffror 1995 och 2000. Livstidsprevalensen för cannabis ökade hos 20-åringar från 17,4 till 28,8%. Övriga specifika illegala droger gav prevalenstal mellan 0,5 och 5,4% med en signifikant ökning för heroin i båda åldersgrupperna år 2000. Sammanfattning: Användandet av illegala droger ökade under 90-talet, framförallt hos 20-åriga kvinnor. Det syntes en svag tendens till att även 25-åringar år 2000 fortsatte använda droger i högre grad än tidigare. Likaså syntes en tendens till att användandet blivit mer frekvent i båda åldersgrupperna år 2000. Gruppen av 20-åriga kvinnor som enbart använde BM minskade i omfattning år 2000 medan en signifikant ökning syntes för gruppen som använde både illegala droger och BM.
|
|
| 21. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
The association between patterns of women’s daily occupations and alcohol consumption; a cluster analytic approach.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: 35th Annual Alcohol Epidemiology Symposium of the Kettil Bruun Society, Köpenhamn, DK 2009601-05.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Earlier studies on women's health and women's drinking and contemporary associated risk factors have highlighted the need for more complex approaches in understanding the pathways into women's problem drinking. Research from both social science and occupational therapy theory have underlined the importance of deconstructing the often dichotomised way of investigating women's daily lives (such as in paid and unpaid work or in work and leisure) when discussing factors from the daily life environment and their impact on health issues. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between patterns of women's daily occupation and alcohol consumption using the broader concept of occupation from occupational therapy theory. Method: A cross-sectional study with data from the latest wave (2000) of a population-based project, Women and Alcohol in Göteborg (WAG). The study group consists of in total 871 women, aged 20-55 years. For identifying different groups of occupational patterns we are using an individual oriented method; Two-step clustering. Further we aim to use analyses of variance to analyse if there are specific occupational patterns related to problematic alcohol consumption. The specific variables constituting the patterns of daily occupations in this study are employment status, leisure, distribution of household/maintenance work, time for free disposal and the satisfaction with each of these four domains. Preliminary results will be presented.
|
|
| 22. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955
(författare)
-
Women's alcohol and drug use. Risk indicators from everyday life
- 2011
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims: The overall aim of this thesis was to explore how various aspects of everyday life, measured using self-reported experiences from childhood, adolescence and adulthood were associated with alcohol and drug use in a population-based sample of Swedish women. Methods: The thesis is based on data from the “Women and Alcohol in Gothenburg” project, a Swedish three-wave longitudinal, population-based, multi-purpose study. Three of the studies included women 20 and 25 years old when interviewed; and the sample sizes were 946 and 760, respectively. The fourth study included 851 women 20-55 years old. Studies I and II focused on the associations between the independent variables early risk indicators, socio-demographic factors, alcohol use, smoking, psychiatric illness and the dependent variables illicit and licit drug use. In Studies III and IV cluster analysis was used to identify clusters based on variables measuring patterns of drinking context and patterns of everyday occupations. The patterns of everyday occupations were defined as employment status, household work, leisure activities, time for free disposal and satisfaction with each domain. Drinking context was operationalised with questions on where and with whom the drinking occurred, together with questions on self-reported effects of drinking. Further, the associations between identified clusters and problematic alcohol consumption were analyzed. All four studies were based on cross-sectional analyses. Results: Significant associations regarding early risk indicators and drug use were found; to some extent these were different for occasional use and more frequent use. Early alcohol debut and behavioral factors were related to all three drug use patterns, whereas family factors were associated with occasional use and with more frequent use of illicit and licit drugs. Frequent use of both illicit and licit drugs was also associated with a history of eating problems. Problematic alcohol consumption, smoking and psychiatric illness were significantly associated with illicit and licit drug use; with the strongest associations found for illicit drug use among the 20-year-old women. Cluster analysis identified distinct groups with respect to the investigated patterns. Concerning drinking context patterns, the cluster characterized with coping effects of drinking, frequent drinking in different settings but also solitary drinking, was significantly associated with alcohol use disorder and high alcohol consumption. High episodic drinking was more common in the cluster reporting frequent drinking together with social effects such as becoming less shy or having more fun. Problematic alcohol consumption was more common in clusters characterized with varied or low engagement in leisure activities in combination with a large amount of spare time. Conclusions: The strong associations between illicit and licit drug use, alcohol consumption, smoking, and psychiatric illness point to a higher risk for developing any or several of these problems once one of these habits has been established. The results also underline the importance of identifying groups of individuals with different drinking patterns and with different patterns of everyday occupations. As a complement to variable analysis, investigating such patterns may provide new options for preventive actions as opposed to focusing on specific risk factors.
|
|
| 23. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Womenʼs experiences of being in the sick leave process
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 28:6, s. 488-497
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2020, © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Background: Being on sick leave is a risky situation, with loss of meaningful activities, exclusion from the labour market and losing the worker role. Although the benefits of the person’s active involvement in the sick leave process have been emphasized, an increase in sickness absence and longer sick leave periods is still seen, especially among women. Further studies are needed to more deeply understand the person’s own view of the situation. Aims/Objectives: To explore the experiences of being on sick leave among a group of women. Methods: An explorative, qualitative design was used. The analysis was based on individual, semi-structured interviews with 13 women, using qualitative content analysis. Results: Three categories emerged that describe the women’s experiences of the situation of being on sick leave: being regarded as an object, being supported and being engaged. The categories appeared as either barriers or enablers during the sick leave process. Conclusions: The sick leave process could be better understood through multiple dimensions, working at the individual, organizational and societal levels. Using occupation based models underlining the importance of the interaction between person, occupation (work activity) and the environment may contribute to elucidating the complexity in supporting options for the return to work.
|
|
| 24. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Women's patterns of everyday occupations and alcohol consumption : Everyday occupations and alcohol consumption
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 19:3, s. 225-238
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Earlier studies on women's health and drinking and the contemporary associated risk factors, have highlighted the need for more complex approaches in understanding the pathways into women's problem drinking. Research, from both social science and from occupational therapy models, has underlined the importance of deconstructing the often dichotomized way of investigating women's daily lives (such as in paid and unpaid work or in work and leisure) when discussing factors from the daily life environment and their impact on health issues. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between women's patterns of everyday occupation and alcohol consumption using the broader concept of occupation from occupational therapy models. This was a cross-sectional study from the latest wave (2000) of a population-based project, Women and Alcohol in Gothenburg (WAG). The study group consisted of 851 women, aged 20-55 years. Using an individually oriented method, two-step clustering, three distinct patterns of everyday occupations were identified. Significant associations with problematic alcohol consumption were found in the clusters, characterized by lower engagement in leisure activities and a larger amount of spare time. The need for new preventive approaches, including investigating the importance of having engaging leisure activities, is discussed.
|
|
| 25. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Young women´s drinking contexts. A cluster analysis of 20- and 25-year old women.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: 33rd Annual Alcohol Epidemiology Symposium of the Kettil Bruun Society, Budapest 20070604-08.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the last years some international research on young adult drinking have focused on drinking contexts and drinking motives and the association with alcohol consumption. In this study we have analysed the association between drinking context and alcohol consumption in 20- and 25-year old women in Sweden. The aim was to find if drinking patterns, with respect to drinking context, varied between 1995 and 2000 and if specific drinking patterns related to specific consumption variables. Method: A total of 897 respondents were interviewed in 1995 and 2000. Looking at drinking context as a multi-dimensional phenomenon we chose two-step clustering as a method for identifying the drinking patterns. We used Pearson Chi-square to test for differences between the cluster groups with respect to problematic alcohol consumption. Results: Three clusters of drinking patterns in 1995 and 2000 respectively were defined. In 1995 the clusters were characterised as moderate drinking, partying and solitary drinking and drinking effects. In 2000 the three cluster groups were moderate drinking, social effects-drinking and individual effects and solitary drinking. Association with alcohol consumption showed significant differences: in 1995 the cluster party and solitary drinking was related to alcohol use disorders, binge drinking and high alcohol consumption, in 2000 the two clusters including drinking effects showed associations with all consumption variables.
|
|
| 26. |
- Dellve, Lotta, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Myofeedback training and intensive muscular strength training to decrease pain and improve work ability among female workers on long-term sick leave with neck pain: a randomized controlled trial
- 2011
-
Ingår i: International archives of occupational and environmental health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1246 .- 0340-0131. ; 84:3, s. 335-46
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract The theoretical framework is that muscle tension in the neck is related to insufficient muscular rest and is a risk factor for chronic pain and reduced work ability. Promoting muscle strength and muscle rest may increase work ability and reduce neck pain. Objectives To test whether myofeedback training or intensive strength training leads to decreased pain and increased work ability in women on long-term sick leave. Methods This is a randomized controlled trial of two 1-month interventions with myofeedback or muscular strength training in the home environment. Female human service organization workers (n = 60) on long-term (>60 days) sick leave and with chronic neck pain were followed with self-reported and laboratory-observed data of health, pain, muscular activation, and work ability, at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 3 months after baseline. Results For both intervention groups, pain was lowered over time compared with the control group. Decreased pain and muscular activity was associated with increased self-rated work ability and with laboratory-observed work ability at 3-month follow-up. Decreased pain was also associated with increased self-rated work ability at 1-month follow-up. Muscular strength training was associated with increased self-rated work ability and mental health. Myofeedback was associated with increased observed work ability and self- rated vitality. Conclusions The two interventions showed positive results, suggesting that they could be developed for use in health care practice to address pain and work ability. The intensive muscular strength training program, which is both easy to conduct at home and easy to coach, was associated with increased work ability.
|
|
| 27. |
- Eklund, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of applanation resonator sensors for intra-ocular pressure measurement : results from clinical and in vitro studies.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. - 0140-0118 .- 1741-0444. ; 41:2, s. 190-197
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glaucoma is an eye disease that, in its most common form, is characterised by high intra-ocular pressure (IOP), reduced visual field and optic nerve damage. For diagnostic purposes and for follow-up after treatment, it is important to have simple and reliable methods for measuring IOP. Recently, an applanation resonator sensor (ARS) for measuring IOP was introduced and evaluated using an in vitro pig-eye model. In the present study, the first clinical evaluation of the same probe has been carried out, with experiments in vivo on human eyes. There was a low but significant correlation between IOP(ARS) and the IOP measured with a Goldmann applanation tonometer (r = 0.40, p = 0.001, n = 72). However, off-centre positioning of the sensor against the cornea caused a non-negligible source of error. The sensor probe was redesigned to have a spherical, instead of flat, contact surface against the eye and was evaluated in the in vitro model. The new probe showed reduced sensitivity to off-centre positioning, with a decrease in relative deviation from 89% to 11% (1 mm radius). For normalised data, linear regression between IOP(ARS) and direct IOP measurement in the vitreous chamber showed a correlation of r = 0.97 (p < 0.001, n = 108) and a standard deviation for the residuals of SD < or = 2.18 mm Hg (n = 108). It was concluded that a spherical contact surface should be preferred and that further development towards a clinical instrument should focus on probe design and signal analysis.
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Fodor, Enikö, et al.
(författare)
-
Glycerolkinasbrist med symtomdebut i vuxen ålder. Ovanlig orsak till koma, metabol acidos, hypoglykemi och hypotermi : [Glycerol kinase deficiency with debut of symptoms in adult age. Unusual cause of coma, metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia and hypothermia]
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 107:40, s. 2408-2410
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glycerolkinasbrist är en mycket ovanlig X-bunden recessiv sjukdom. Vi rapporterar här ett fall av nyupptäckt isolerad glycerolkinasbrist hos en vuxen man, som insjuknade med fulminanta och intensivvårdskrävande symtom i form av koma, grav metabol acidos, hypoglykemi och hypotermi. Sjukdomsbilden var associerad med en – för första gången beskriven – punktmutation, C332A, i exon 4 i glycerolkinasgenen.
|
|
| 30. |
- Fodor, Enikö, et al.
(författare)
-
Glycerolkinasbrist med symtomdebut i vuxen ålder. Ovanlig orsak till koma, metabol acidos, hypoglykemi och hypotermi
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 1652-7518 .- 0023-7205. ; 107:40, s. 2408-2410
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glycerolkinasbrist är en mycket ovanlig X-bunden recessiv sjukdom.Vi rapporterar här ett fall av nyupptäckt isolerad glycerolkinasbrist hos en vuxen man, som insjuknade med fulminanta och intensivvårdskrävande symtom i form av koma, grav metabol acidos, hypoglykemi och hypotermi.Sjukdomsbilden var associerad med en – för första gången beskriven – punktmutation, C332A, i exon 4 i glycerolkinasgenen.
|
|
| 31. |
- Forsman, Henrietta, et al.
(författare)
-
Clusters of competence: Relationship between self-reported professional competence and achievement on a national examination among graduating nursing students
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 76:1, s. 199-208
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimsTo identify clusters based on graduating nursing students’ self‐reported professional competence and their achievement on a national examination. Furthermore, to describe and compare the identified clusters regarding sample characteristics, students’ perceptions of overall quality of the nursing programme and students’ general self‐efficacy.DesignA cross‐sectional study combining survey data and results from a national examination.MethodsData were collected at two universities and one university college in Sweden in January 2017, including 179 students in the final term of the nursing programme. The study was based on the Nurse Professional Competence Scale, the General Self‐Efficacy scale and results from the National Clinical Final Examination. A Two‐Step Cluster Analysis was used to identify competence profiles, followed by comparative analyses between clusters.ResultsThree clusters were identified illustrating students’ different competence profiles. Students in Cluster 1 and 2 passed the examination, but differed in their self‐assessments of competence, rating themselves under and above the overall median value respectively. Students in Cluster 3 failed the examination but rated themselves at the overall median level or higher.ConclusionThe study illustrates how nursing students’ self‐assessed competence might differ from competency assessed by examination, which is challenging for nursing education. Self‐evaluation is a key learning outcome and is, in the long run, essential to patient safety.ImpactThe study has identified clusters of students where some overestimate and others underestimate their competence. Students who assessed their competence low but passed the exam assessed their general self‐efficacy lower than other students. The findings illuminate the need for student‐centered strategies in nursing education, including elements of self‐assessment in relation to examination to make the students more aware of their clinical competence.
|
|
| 32. |
- Gustafsson Asting, Annika, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic Copy Number Variations in Colon Mucosa Indicating Risk for Colorectal Cancer.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cancer Therapy. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2151-1934 .- 2151-1942. ; 5:14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sporadic colorectal tumors probably carry genetic alterations that may be related to familiar clusters according to risk loci visualized by SNP arrays on normal tissues. The aim of the present study was therefore to search for DNA regions (copy number variations, CNVs) as biomarkers associated to genetic susceptibility for early risk predictions of colorectal cancer. Such sequence alterations could provide additional information on phenotypic grouping of patients. Material and Methods: High resolution 105K oligonucleotide microarrays were used in search for CNV loci in DNA from tumor-free colon mucosa at primary operations for colon cancer in 60 unselected patients in comparison to DNA in buffy coat cells from 44 confirmed tumor-free and healthy blood donors. Array-detected CNVs were confirmed by Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Results: A total number of 205 potential CNVs were present in DNA from colon mucosa. 184 (90%) of the 205 potential CNVs had been identified earlier in mucosa DNA from healthy individuals as reported to the Database of Genomic Variants. Remaining 21 (10%) CNVs were potentially novel sites. Two CNVs (3q23 and 10q21.1) were significantly related to colon cancer, but not confirmed in buffy coat DNA from the cancer patients. Conclusion: Our study reveals two CNVs that indicate increased risk for colon cancer; these DNA alterations may have been acquired by colon stem cells with subsequent appearance among epithelial mucosa cells. Impact: Certain mucosa CNV alterations may indicate individual susceptibility for malignant transformation in relationship to intestinal toxins and bacterial growth.
|
|
| 33. |
- Hessle, Christina, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria elicit different patterns of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human monocytes.
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Cytokine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1043-4666. ; 30:6, s. 311-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted by tissue macrophages recruit polymorphonuclear leukocytes and evoke fever, cachexia and production of acute phase proteins. This study investigates whether Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria equally and efficiently trigger production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha in human monocytes. A range of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were killed by UV-light and added in different concentrations to human monocytes. Cytokines were measured in 24 h supernatants by ELISA. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were equally efficient inducers of IL-1 beta, but Gram-positive bacteria generated twice as much TNF-alpha as did Gram-negative bacteria (p<0.001 for 25 and 250 bacteria/cell). In contrast, Gram-negative bacteria induced at least twice as much IL-6 and IL-8 as did Gram-positive bacteria (p<0.001 for 2.5, 25 and 250 bacteria/cell). While the cytokine responses to LPS were similar to those induced by the corresponding amount of Gram-negative bacteria, the strong IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha responses to Gram-positive bacteria could not be induced by soluble peptidoglycan or lipotheicoic acid. The particular nature of the bacteria, thus seem to modify the response to Gram-positive bacterial components. The different cytokine profiles evoked by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria might optimize clearance of bacteria that differ in cell wall structure.
|
|
| 34. |
- Hessle, Christina, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Gram-positive bacteria are potent inducers of monocytic interleukin-12 (IL-12) while gram-negative bacteria preferentially stimulate IL-10 production.
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Infection and immunity. - 0019-9567. ; 68:6, s. 3581-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12 are two cytokines secreted by monocytes/macrophages in response to bacterial products which have largely opposite effects on the immune system. IL-12 activates cytotoxicity and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) secretion by T cells and NK cells, whereas IL-10 inhibits these functions. In the present study, the capacities of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria to induce IL-10 and IL-12 were compared. Monocytes from blood donors were stimulated with UV-killed bacteria from each of seven gram-positive and seven gram-negative bacterial species representing both aerobic and anaerobic commensals and pathogens. Gram-positive bacteria induced much more IL-12 than did gram-negative bacteria (median, 3,500 versus 120 pg/ml at an optimal dose of 25 bacteria/cell; P < 0.001), whereas gram-negative bacteria preferentially stimulated secretion of IL-10 (650 versus 200 pg/ml; P < 0.001). Gram-positive species also induced stronger major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted IFN-gamma production in unfractionated blood mononuclear cells than did gram-negative species (12,000 versus 3,600 pg/ml; P < 0.001). The poor IL-12-inducing capacity of gram-negative bacteria was not remediated by addition of blocking anti-IL-10 antibodies to the cultures. No isolated bacterial component could be identified that mimicked the potent induction of IL-12 by whole gram-positive bacteria, whereas purified LPS induced IL-10. The results suggest that gram-positive bacteria induce a cytokine pattern that promotes Th1 effector functions.
|
|
| 35. |
- Ludvigsson, Jonas F, et al.
(författare)
-
External review and validation of the Swedish national inpatient register.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2458. ; 11, s. 450-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Swedish National Inpatient Register (IPR), also called the Hospital Discharge Register, is a principal source of data for numerous research projects. The IPR is part of the National Patient Register. The Swedish IPR was launched in 1964 (psychiatric diagnoses from 1973) but complete coverage did not begin until 1987. Currently, more than 99% of all somatic (including surgery) and psychiatric hospital discharges are registered in the IPR. A previous validation of the IPR by the National Board of Health and Welfare showed that 85-95% of all diagnoses in the IPR are valid. The current paper describes the history, structure, coverage and quality of the Swedish IPR. METHODS AND RESULTS: In January 2010, we searched the medical databases, Medline and HighWire, using the search algorithm "validat* (inpatient or hospital discharge) Sweden". We also contacted 218 members of the Swedish Society of Epidemiology and an additional 201 medical researchers to identify papers that had validated the IPR. In total, 132 papers were reviewed. The positive predictive value (PPV) was found to differ between diagnoses in the IPR, but is generally 85-95%. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the validity of the Swedish IPR is high for many but not all diagnoses. The long follow-up makes the register particularly suitable for large-scale population-based research, but for certain research areas the use of other health registers, such as the Swedish Cancer Register, may be more suitable.
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
- Mårtensson, Lena, 1953, et al.
(författare)
-
Att vara aktör i sin egen sjukskrivningsprocess
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Psykisk hälsa i arbetslivet. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144142333
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kapitlet fokuserar på hur två begrepp, hälsolitteracitet och empowerment, kan förstås och fungera som verktyg för att stödja individer i en sjukskrivningsprocess.
|
|
| 38. |
- Mårtensson, Lena, 1953, et al.
(författare)
-
Reading fiction during sick leave, a multidimensional occupation
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 1103-8128. ; 22:1, s. 62-71
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In bibliotherapy, the therapeutic gains of reading fiction are ascribed to the literature. Viewing reading fiction as an occupation may give other explanations of its therapeutic function. Aim: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of reading fiction among women during a period of sick leave. Material and methods: A qualitative approach was applied. Eight women who had been reading fiction during sick leave were interviewed. Results: An overarching theme: Supporting one’s active self, comprised five categories of experiences: a prospect of ordinary life, a place of refuge, a life together with others, a source of power, and as supporting an active life. Conclusion and significance: Based on the categories, reading fiction is seen to comprise intentional, functional, mental, relational, and personal dimensions. A tentative model of supporting one’s active self is proposed, which may be helpful in clarifying the mechanisms of the process of change. The health-related dimensions of reading fiction suggest that reading fiction should be regarded as a significant occupation comparable with other, more highlighted ones. Understood in this way, it is argued that the results add to the knowledge base in occupational therapy focusing on how meaningful occupations connect to occupational life trajectories.
|
|
| 39. |
- Shao, Linus Ruijin, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Ciliated epithelial-specific and regional-specific expression and regulation of the estrogen receptor-beta2 in the fallopian tubes of immature rats: a possible mechanism for estrogen-mediated transport process in vivo
- 2007
-
Ingår i: American journal of physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0193-1849 .- 1522-1555. ; 293:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several ERbeta isoforms have been identified in human and rodent tissues, but it is unclear whether each isoform has distinctly different cellular targeting characteristics and physiological functions. We have investigated the intracellular localization and regulatory patterns for ERbeta isoforms in rat fallopian tubes. Western blot analysis reveals that two ERbeta isoforms corresponding to ERbeta1 and ERbeta2 are expressed in rat fallopian tubes. However, ERbeta2 is the predominant form of ERbeta in this tissue. High-resolution confocal imaging and immunohistochemical analysis provide ample evidence that ERbeta expression is limited almost exclusively to the ciliated epithelial cells, in contrast to ERalpha, which is widely distributed. Furthermore, within the ciliated epithelial cells, ERbeta is colocalized with beta-tubulin IV at stem portion of the cilia. We show that ERbeta2 protein expression is tightly regulated by E(2) or DPN in a time-dependent manner without changes in ERbeta1 expression. These estrogenic effects are inhibited by an ER antagonist, ICI 182,780. In addition, significant alteration of ERbeta immunoreactivity is detected only histologically in the ampullary region. Since the cilia are considered an essential determinant of tubal transport, we further demonstrate that E(2)- or DPN-induced ERbeta2 activation is associated with alterations in tubal protein expression crucial for the regulation of calcium-dependent ciliary beating. Given the coordinated regulation and interaction of ER and progesterone receptor in the cilia, we hypothesize that tubal ERbeta2 may facilitate the estrogen-mediated transport process by processing protein-protein interaction under physiological and/or pathological conditions. We show for the first time that a previously unrecognized localization of ERbeta isoform in rat fallopian tubes can combine with estrogen to individually control the expression of ER beta-isoforms in normal target tissues.
|
|
| 40. |
- Trantou, Aikatarini, et al.
(författare)
-
Sickness Absence Recommendation Among Outpatients With ADHD and Comorbidity: A Latent Class Analysis.
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of attention disorders. - : SAGE Publications. - 1557-1246 .- 1087-0547. ; 25:2, s. 209-216
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Determine sickness absence recommendation (SAR) prevalence for treatment-seeking patients with ADHD depending on comorbidity.Population-based patient chart review of ADHD outpatients aged 19 to 29 years. The outcome, SAR, included both available financial benefit forms; activity compensation and sickness benefit. Latent class analyses (LCA) of demography and psychiatric comorbidities were performed both with and without SAR as an outcome variable.Overall, 38% received SAR. Latent classes ranged from a from a small class of only females with personality disorders where all had SAR to larger groups characterized by lower comorbidity where 15% to 29% had SAR. In between these extremes were other classes of (a) neurodevelopmental disorders, for example, autism diagnosis or intellectual disabilities, and (b) high rate of anxiety disorder, where SAR rates ranged 46% to 65%.Treatment-seeking ADHD patients can be categorized into clinically relevant subgroups providing opportunities to structure rehabilitation efforts to the individuals' needs.
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
|
|
