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1.	Andersson, Annika, et al. (författare) Ledarskap för ett hållbart arbetsliv : Teknikstrategier och arbetslivets gränser 2023 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Användning av allt mindre mobiler och mer lättflyttade datorer gör att gränsen mellan vårt hem och vårt arbete gradvis suddas ut. Användandet av digital teknik möjliggör för skolor att finnas på flera platser, en utveckling som tydliggjorts under pandemin. Sociala medier har för många skolanställda blivit en naturlig del både i det pedagogiska arbetet och i den dagliga kontakten med varandra, elever och vårdnadshavare. Hur skolan formeras i en digital verklighet är därför en nyckelfråga för framtiden.För att bidra till en bättre förståelse för digitaliseringens påverkan på arbetslivet och arbetsmiljön har vi genomfört ett forskningsprojekt med titel ”Ledarskap för ett hållbart digitalt arbetsliv: Teknikstrategier och arbetslivets gränser”. Projektet har finansierats av AFA Försäkring inom deras FoU-program “Digitaliseringens effekter på arbetsmiljön”.Projektets syfte har varit att analysera hur styrning och ledarskap kan utformas i skolan för att tillvarata nyttan hos sociala medier och samtidigt skapa en hållbar digital arbetsmiljö för medarbetare och chefer.Våra resultat bygger på ett omfattande empiriskt intervjumaterial, och ett mindre antal enkäter. Vi kan i våra resultat se att samtliga aktörer som är engagerade i skolan behöver diskutera hur man vill och bör använda sociala medier. I vissa fall kan det behövas en tydligare styrning, i andra fall kan det vara tillräckligt med en mjukare styrning med tydligt uttryckta förväntningar och levande diskussioner om hur man som lärare och skolledare ska förhålla sig till sociala medier. Sammantaget tecknas en bild där användandet av sociala medier inte bara suddar ut gränslinjerna mellan det privata och det offentliga, utan också utvidgar gränserna för den egna yrkesrollen. Berättelserna vi har fångat från olika aktörer visar på komplexiteten och svårigheten att styra sociala medier som befinner sig mellan privatlivet och arbetslivet. Vi måste därför förändra hur vi förstår skolan och skolans roll i en digital verklighet. Resultaten har spridits genom vetenskapliga artiklar, populärvetenskapliga artiklar i media och tidskrifter, samt genom möten med intressenter.
2.	Andersson, Karin M., 1989-, et al. (författare) CT image metal artifacts in proton radiotherapy treatment planning : evaluation of two commercial correction algorithms Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
3.	Andersson, Karin M., 1989-, et al. (författare) Evaluation of a metal artifact reduction algorithm in CT studies used for proton radiotherapy treatment planning 2014 Ingår i: Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1526-9914. ; 15:5, s. 112-119 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Metal objects in the body such as hip prostheses cause artifacts in CT images. When CT images degraded by artifacts are used for treatment planning of radiotherapy, the artifacts can yield inaccurate dose calculations and, for particle beams, erroneous penetration depths. A metal artifact reduction software (O-MAR) installed on a Philips Brilliance Big Bore CT has been tested for applications in treatment planning of proton radiotherapy. Hip prostheses mounted in a water phantom were used as test objects. Images without metal objects were acquired and used as reference data for the analysis of artifact-affected regions outside of the metal objects in both the O-MAR corrected and the uncorrected images. Water equivalent thicknesses (WET) based on proton stopping power data were calculated to quantify differences in the calculated proton beam penetration for the different image sets. The WET to a selected point of interest between the hip prostheses was calculated for several beam directions of clinical relevance. The results show that the calculated differences in WET relative to the reference case were decreased when the O-MAR algorithm was applied. WET differences up to 2.0 cm were seen in the uncorrected case while, for the O-MAR corrected case, the maximum difference was decreased to 0.4 cm. The O-MAR algorithm can significantly improve the accuracy in proton range calculations. However, there are some residual effects, and the use of proton beam directions along artifact streaks should only be used with caution and appropriate margins.
4.	Andersson, Karin M., 1989-, et al. (författare) Evaluation of two commercial CT metal artifact reduction algorithms for use in proton radiotherapy treatment planning in the head and neck area 2018 Ingår i: Medical physics (Lancaster). - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0094-2405 .- 2473-4209. ; 45:10, s. 4329-4344 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract PURPOSE: To evaluate two commercial CT metal artifact reduction (MAR) algorithms for use in proton treatment planning in the head and neck (H&N) area.METHODS: An anthropomorphic head phantom with removable metallic implants (dental fillings or neck implant) was CT-scanned to evaluate the O-MAR (Philips) and the iMAR (Siemens) algorithms. Reference images were acquired without any metallic implants in place. Water equivalent thickness (WET) was calculated for different path directions and compared between image sets. Images were also evaluated for use in proton treatment planning for parotid, tonsil, tongue base, and neck node targets. The beams were arranged so as to not traverse any metal prior to the target, enabling evaluation of the impact on dose calculation accuracy from artifacts surrounding the metal volume. Plans were compared based on γ analysis (1 mm distance-to-agreement/1% difference in local dose) and dose volume histogram metrics for targets and organs at risk (OARs). Visual grading evaluation of 30 dental implant patient MAR images was performed by three radiation oncologists.RESULTS: In the dental fillings images, ΔWET along a low-density streak was reduced from -17.0 to -4.3 mm with O-MAR and from -16.1 mm to -2.3 mm with iMAR, while for other directions the deviations were increased or approximately unchanged when the MAR algorithms were used. For the neck implant images, ΔWET was generally reduced with MAR but residual deviations remained (of up to -2.3 mm with O-MAR and of up to -1.5 mm with iMAR). The γ analysis comparing proton dose distributions for uncorrected/MAR plans and corresponding reference plans showed passing rates >98% of the voxels for all phantom plans. However, substantial dose differences were seen in areas of most severe artifacts (γ passing rates of down to 89% for some cases). MAR reduced the deviations in some cases, but not for all plans. For a single patient case dosimetrically evaluated, minor dose differences were seen between the uncorrected and MAR plans (γ passing rate approximately 97%). The visual grading of patient images showed that MAR significantly improved image quality (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: O-MAR and iMAR significantly improved image quality in terms of anatomical visualization for target and OAR delineation in dental implant patient images. WET calculations along several directions, all outside the metallic regions, showed that both uncorrected and MAR images contained metal artifacts which could potentially lead to unacceptable errors in proton treatment planning. ΔWET was reduced by MAR in some areas, while increased or unchanged deviations were seen for other path directions. The proton treatment plans created for the phantom images showed overall acceptable dose distributions differences when compared to the reference cases, both for the uncorrected and MAR images. However, substantial dose distribution differences in the areas of most severe artifacts were seen for some plans, which were reduced by MAR in some cases but not all. In conclusion, MAR could be beneficial to use for proton treatment planning; however, case-by-case evaluations of the metal artifact-degraded images are always recommended.
5.	Andersson, Karin M., 1989-, et al. (författare) Impact of Metal Artifacts on Proton Therapy Treatment Planning Accuracy 2017 Ingår i: 56th Annual Meeting of the Particle Therapy Cooperative Group (PTCOG) 8-13 May 2017. - : The Particle Therapy Cooperative Group. ; , s. 68-68 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Purpose: To evaluate for proton therapy treatment planning the feasibility of two commercial metal artifact reduction (MAR) algorithms in CT-imaging.Materials and Methods: A head phantom with removable dental fillings and a body phantom with a removable hip prosthesis were scanned to evaluate O-MAR (Philips) and iMAR (Siemens). Reference images (scans without metal) were acquired and subtracted from the uncorrected (no MAR) and MAR-images. CT number-differences were mapped to differences in stopping power ratios to water. In addition, proton treatment plans for a parotid, tonsil and prostate-target were optimized based on uncorrected and MAR images and recalculated on reference images. Beams were arranged to not traverse metal, enabling evaluation of metal artifact impact on target coverage.Results: MAR algorithms reduced the most extreme dental filling artifacts, but residual artifacts still remained. iMAR reduced hip prosthesis artifacts to large extent, while considerable artifacts still were present with O-MAR. For parotid and tonsil-plans, D98%to PTV was nearly intact in the reference recalculations for both uncorrected and MAR-based plans, with maximum-difference,0.3%. For uncorrected prostate plans, D98%decreased more than 4% in the reference recalculation. For the iMAR prostate plan, D98%was almost identical in the reference recalculation (97.5% versus 97.4%). A slight D98%-decrease was seen in the reference for the O-MAR based plan (96.8% versus 97.5%).Conclusion: Hip prosthesis artifacts reduced target coverage accuracy, but it was substantially improved with MAR algorithms. Dental filling artifacts were moderately reduced with MAR, but did not substantially affect target coverage
6.	Andersson, Karin M., 1989-, et al. (författare) Metal artefact reduction in CT imaging of hip prostheses-an evaluation of commercial techniques provided by four vendors 2015 Ingår i: British Journal of Radiology. - : British Institute of Radiology. - 0007-1285 .- 1748-880X. ; 88:1052 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate commercial metal artefact reduction (MAR) techniques in X-ray CT imaging of hip prostheses.Methods: Monoenergetic reconstructions of dual-energy CT (DECT) data and several different MAR algorithms, combined with single-energy CT or DECT, were evaluated by imaging a bilateral hip prosthesis phantom. The MAR images were compared with uncorrected images based on CT number accuracy and noise in different regions of interest.Results: The three MAR algorithms studied implied a general noise reduction (up to 67%, 74% and 77%) and an improvement in CT number accuracy, both in regions close to the prostheses and between the two prostheses. The application of monoenergetic reconstruction, without any MAR algorithm, did not decrease the noise in the regions close to the prostheses to the same extent as did the MAR algorithms and even increased the noise in the region between the prostheses.Conclusion: The MAR algorithms evaluated generally improved CT number accuracy and substantially reduced the noise in the hip prostheses phantom images, both close to the prostheses and between the two prostheses. The study showed that the monoenergetic reconstructions evaluated did not sufficiently reduce the severe metal artefact caused by large orthopaedic implants.Advances in knowledge: This study evaluates several commercially available MAR techniques in CT imaging of large orthopaedic implants.
7.	Andersson, Karin M., 1989-, et al. (författare) Metal Artifacts in CT Imaging of Hip Prostheses : Evaluation of Metal Artifact Reduction Techniques Provided by Four Vendors 2015 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate metal artifact reduction (MAR) techniques, provided by four vendors, in CT imaging of hip prostheses.METHOD AND MATERIALS: A water phantom containing hip prostheses mounted in calf bones was scanned with four CT scanners; Philips Ingenuity; Toshiba Aquilion ONE Vision edition; GE Discovery 750 HD and Siemens SOMATOM Definition Flash. An uncorrected (reference) image was obtained for every CT and compared with images acquired with the scanner specific MAR technique; either monoenergetic reconstruction of Dual Energy CT (DECT) data (GE and Siemens) or the use of a MAR algorithm software (Philips and Toshiba), or a combination of the two (GE). The MAR techniques were applied for varying tube voltage, kernel and reconstruction technique. The reference images were quantitatively compared to the MAR images by analyzing the noise and the CT number accuracy in region of interests (ROIs). Visual grading was performed by five radiologists based on ten image quality (IQ) criteria.RESULTS: The MAR algorithms implied a general noise reduction (by up to 77%) and improved IQ based on the majority of the visual grading criteria. The use of monoenergetic reconstructions of DECT data, without any MAR algorithm, did not decrease the noise in the ROIs to the same extent as the MAR algorithms (up to 41%) and did even increase the noise in one ROI. The visual grading evaluation showed that monoenergetic reconstructions in general degraded the IQ for one of the DECT scanners and improved the IQ for only a few of the criteria for the other DECT scanner.CONCLUSION: The quantitative analysis and the visual grading evaluation showed that the IQ was generally improved when the MAR algorithms were used. However, additional artifacts and degradation of the IQ were noted in some MAR image regions. The use of monoenergetic reconstruction was concluded to not reduce metal artifacts to the same extent as the MAR algorithms and to even degrade the IQ in several image regions.CLINICAL RELEVANCE/APPLICATION: This study points out advantages and potential risks of using MAR techniques in CT imaging of hip prostheses and will be useful for clinics when optimizing CT scan protocols and purchasing new CT systems.
8.	Andersson, Karin M., 1989-, et al. (författare) Pencil beam scanning proton therapy of Hodgkin's lymphoma in deep inspiration breath-hold : A case series report 2020 Ingår i: Technical Innovations & Patient Support in Radiation Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 2405-6324. ; 13, s. 6-10 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Most patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma are young and have a favourable prognosis, therefore it is of high importance to decrease the radiation doses to normal tissues received during radiotherapy. A combination of proton therapy and deep inspiration breath-hold technique (DIBH) can improve the sparing effect and thereby reduce the risk of late effects.Case presentation: The two first patient cases treated with proton therapy in DIBH at the Skandion Clinic, Uppsala, Sweden, are presented here. Proton treatment plans were compared to photon plans based on doses to target and organs at risk. Several CT scans were acquired during the treatment course and inter breath-hold variations were evaluated based on anatomical distances and dosimetric comparisons.Conclusions: The results from our first patients treated with proton therapy in DIBH imply that the treatment strategy is robust and has the potential to reduce dose to normal tissue.
9.	Andersson, Karin M., 1989-, et al. (författare) Visual grading evaluation of commercially available metal artefact reduction techniques in hip prosthesis computed tomography 2016 Ingår i: British Journal of Radiology. - London, United Kingdom : British Institute of Radiology. - 0007-1285 .- 1748-880X. ; 89:1063 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives: To evaluate metal artefact reduction (MAR) techniques from four computed tomography (CT) vendors in hip prosthesis imaging.Methods: Bilateral hip prosthesis phantom images, obtained by using MAR algorithms for single energy CT data or dual energy CT (DECT) data and by monoenergetic reconstructions of DECT data, were visually graded by five radiologists using ten image quality criteria. Comparisons between the MAR images and a reference image were performed for each scanner separately. Ordinal probit regression analysis was used.Results: The MAR algorithms in general improved the image quality based on the majority of the criteria (up to between 8/10 and 10/10) with a statistically improvement in overall image quality (P<0.001). However, degradation of image quality, such as new artefacts, was seen in some cases. A few monoenergetic reconstruction series improved the image quality (P<0.004) for one of the DECT scanners, but it was only improved for some of the criteria (up to 5/10). Monoenergetic reconstructions resulted in worse image quality for the majority of the criteria (up to 7/10) for the other DECT scanner.Conclusions: The MAR algorithms improved the image quality of the hip prosthesis CT images. However, since additional artefacts and degradation of image quality were seen in some cases, all algorithms should be carefully evaluated for every clinical situation. Monoenergetic reconstructions were in general concluded to be insufficient for reducing metal artifacts. Advances in knowledge: Qualitative evaluation of the usefulness of several MAR techniques from different vendors in CT imaging of hip prosthesis.
10.	Andersson, Karin, 1989- (författare) Metal artifacts in computed tomography : impact of reduction methods on image quality and radiotherapy treatment planning 2018 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Degradation of image quality by metal artifacts is a common problem in computed tomography (CT) imaging, which can limit the diagnostic value of a CT examination and also introduce inaccuracies in radiotherapy (RT) treatment planning. In recent years, commercial metal artifact reduction (MAR) methods have been launched by several CT vendors. The overall aim of this thesis was to evaluate MAR methods in diagnostic imaging and RT treatment planning.Evaluations of hip prosthesis phantom CT images showed that MAR algorithms in general improved image quality, based on both visual grading analysis and quantitative measures, while the application of virtual monoenergetic reconstructions insufficiently reduced metal artifacts. In some cases additional artifacts were introduced by the MAR algorithms. MAR algorithms were also evaluated in hip prosthesis phantom CT imaging used for proton therapy treatment planning, where improvements in dose calculation accuracy were observed.Studies of Head & Neck (H&N) implant CT images in RT treatment planning were also performed. By visual grading of anatomy visualization with respect to target delineation in dental implant patient images, MAR algorithms were shown to significantly improve image quality. However, only minor effects of H&N implant artifacts on proton dose distributions were seen. The impact might be greater for more severe artifacts than those studied here, and thus further investigations of such cases are needed.In conclusion, MAR algorithms have been shown to enhance image quality for diagnostic applications and to improve anatomy visualization in RT treatment planning. The MAR algorithms led to increased proton dose calculation accuracy in some cases, while in other situations only minor changes were seen.
11.	Blum, Kristin M., 1989-, et al. (författare) Mass fluxes per capita of organic contaminants from on-site sewage treatment facilities 2018 Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; :201, s. 864-873 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This study is the first attempt to quantify environmental fluxes per capita of organic contaminants discharged from on-site sewage treatment facilities (OSSFs) in affected recipients. Five sites were monitored around the River Fyris in Sweden: three mainly affected by OSSFs and two mainly affected by municipal sewage treatment plants (STPs). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine environmental concentrations of 30 anthropogenic contaminants, including organophosphorus compounds, rubber and plastic additives, UV stabilizers, fragrances, surfactant ingredients and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Uni- and multivariate statistical analysis of the most frequently detected contaminants showed that median fluxes per capita of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, and n-butylbenzene sulfonamide were similar at OSSF and STP sites, but the mass fluxes per capita of tris-(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate, 2-(methylthio)benzothiazole, and galaxolide, were significantly lower (~2 to 3-fold) at OSSF sites than at STP sites (Mann-Whitney, α = 0.05). Differences between these sites were larger in samples collected in summer and autumn than in samples collected in winter. Deviations likely originated from differences in treatment technology and distances between source and sampling sites. Further studies are needed to characterize mass fluxes per capita of contaminants in waters that directly receive discharges from OSSFs.
12.	Bondemark, Anders, 1989- (författare) A Piece of the Puzzle : Essays on Accessibility, Transport Infrastructure and Distribution 2021 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
13.	Bondemark, Anders, 1989-, et al. (författare) Public preferences for distribution in the context of transport investments 2022 Ingår i: Transportation Research Part A. - : Elsevier. - 0965-8564 .- 1879-2375. ; 157, s. 160-184 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this paper, we present a study of Swedish inhabitants' preferences for distribution in three dimensions in the context of transport investments. Using choice experiments, we study the respondents' preferences for the distribution of benefits in the geographical, gender, and income dimension in relation to aggregate benefits. We find that they have quite strong preferences for equality in all dimensions, especially in the gender dimension. Additionally, when distribution is unequal, respondents tend to prefer that it is uneven in favour of non-metropolitan regions, women and low-income earners. We also find that variables describing self-interest, some general beliefs and the extent to which respondents consider the Swedish society to be fair may explain some preference heterogeneity.
14.	Bondemark, Anders, 1989- (författare) The price we pay : essays on distribution and transport 2019 Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This thesis aims to provide knowledge that can be useful when designing or executing transport policy, specifically in relation to the concepts of fairness and distribution. What is considered fair varies among, and within individuals, even within the relatively narrow scope of the transport sector. Because what people perceive as fair varies with the item of distribution as well as among whom the distribution occurs, the distributional principles vary in different parts of the transport sector. While the transport sector does not exist in isolation from the rest of society, it does have three specific features which make it an important area of research. The Hrst feature is that the transport system is used to access amenities and opportunities in other sectors. The distribution in the transport system thus influences distributions in other sectors. The second feature is that the costs and benefits of the transport system are inherently unevenly distributed in space. This second feature does, to a certain extent, induce the uneven distributions of the amenities and opportunities. The third feature is that it is a sector that receives significant public investments and subsidies. The two papers in this thesis relate to these features and distribution in different ways.While both papers are inherently affected by the third feature, they study different phenomenon. Paper I sets out to improve the understanding of how individuals with low income use the transport system compared to those with higher income; specifically, whether they choose to purchase more expensive public transport tickets than their more affluent peers. Paper II aims to improve the understanding of how the transport sector (potentially) influences outcomes in other sectors by studying how accessibility explains food prices.
15.	Chandrasekaran, Venkatagaran, et al. (författare) Cohesin-Mediated Chromatin Interactions and Autoimmunity 2022 Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 13 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Proper physiological functioning of any cell type requires ordered chromatin organization. In this context, cohesin complex performs important functions preventing premature separation of sister chromatids after DNA replication. In partnership with CCCTC-binding factor, it ensures insulator activity to organize enhancers and promoters within regulatory chromatin. Homozygous mutations and dysfunction of individual cohesin proteins are embryonically lethal in humans and mice, which limits in vivo research work to embryonic stem cells and progenitors. Conditional alleles of cohesin complex proteins have been generated to investigate their functional roles in greater detail at later developmental stages. Thus, genome regulation enabled by action of cohesin proteins is potentially crucial in lineage cell development, including immune homeostasis. In this review, we provide current knowledge on the role of cohesin complex in leukocyte maturation and adaptive immunity. Conditional knockout and shRNA-mediated inhibition of individual cohesin proteins in mice demonstrated their importance in haematopoiesis, adipogenesis and inflammation. Notably, these effects occur rather through changes in transcriptional gene regulation than through expected cell cycle defects. This positions cohesin at the crossroad of immune pathways including NF-kB, IL-6, and IFN gamma signaling. Cohesin proteins emerged as vital regulators at early developmental stages of thymocytes and B cells and after antigen challenge. Human genome-wide association studies are remarkably concordant with these findings and present associations between cohesin and rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and HLA-B27 related chronic inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, bioinformatic prediction based on protein-protein interactions reveal a tight connection between the cohesin complex and immune relevant processes supporting the notion that cohesin will unearth new clues in regulation of autoimmunity.
16.	Davi, F., et al. (författare) Technical design report for the endcap disc DIRC 2022 Ingår i: Journal of Physics G. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 49:12 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract PANDA (anti-proton annihiliation at Darmstadt) is planned to be one of the four main experiments at the future international accelerator complex FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) in Darmstadt, Germany. It is going to address fundamental questions of hadron physics and quantum chromodynamics using cooled antiproton beams with a high intensity and and momenta between 1.5 and 15 GeV/c. PANDA is designed to reach a maximum luminosity of 2 × 1032 cm−2 s. Most of the physics programs require an excellent particle identification (PID). The PID of hadronic states at the forward endcap of the target spectrometer will be done by a fast and compact Cherenkov detector that uses the detection of internally reflected Cherenkov light (DIRC) principle. It is designed to cover the polar angle range from 5° to 22° and to provide a separation power for the separation of charged pions and kaons up to 3 standard deviations (s.d.) for particle momenta up to 4 GeV/c in order to cover the important particle phase space. This document describes the technical design and the expected performance of the novel PANDA disc DIRC detector that has not been used in any other high energy physics experiment before. The performance has been studied with Monte-Carlo simulations and various beam tests at DESY and CERN. The final design meets all PANDA requirements and guarantees sufficient safety margins.
17.	Elf, Anna-Karin, et al. (författare) Radioembolization Versus Bland Embolization for Hepatic Metastases from Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors: Short-Term Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial. 2018 Ingår i: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 42:2, s. 506-513 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Radioembolization (RE) with intra-arterial administration of 90Y microspheres is a promising technique for the treatment of liver metastases from small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NET) not amenable to surgery or local ablation. However, studies comparing RE to other loco-regional therapies are lacking. The aim of this randomized study was to compare the therapeutic response and safety after RE and bland hepatic arterial embolization (HAE), and to investigate early therapy-induced changes with diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI-MRI).Eleven patients were included in a prospective randomized controlled pilot study, six assigned to RE and five to HAE. Response according to RECIST 1.1 using MRI or CT at 3 and 6months post-treatment was recorded as well as changes in DWI-MRI parameters after 1month. Data on biochemical tumor response, toxicity, and side effects were also collected.Three months after treatment, all patients in the HAE group showed partial response according to RECIST while none in the RE group did (p=0.0022). After 6months, the response rates were 4/5 (80%) and 2/6 (33%) in the HAE and RE groups, respectively (NS). DWI-MRI metrics could not predict RECIST response, but lower pretreatment ADC(120-800) and larger ADC(0-800) increase at 1month were related to larger decrease in tumor diameter when all tumors were counted.HAE resulted in significantly higher RECIST response after 3months, but no difference compared to RE remained after 6months. These preliminary findings indicate that HAE remains a safe option for the treatment of liver metastases from SI-NET, and further studies are needed to establish the role of RE and the predictive value of MR-DWI.
18.	Erlandsson, Malin, 1972, et al. (författare) Survivin promotes a glycolytic switch in CD4+ T cells by suppressing the transcription of PFKFB3 in rheumatoid arthritis. 2022 Ingår i: iScience. - : Elsevier BV. - 2589-0042. ; 25:12 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this study, we explore the role of nuclear survivin in maintaining the effector phenotype of IFNγ-producing Tcells acting through the transcriptional control of glucose utilization. High expression of survivin in CD4+T cells was associated with IFNγ-dependent phenotype and anaerobic glycolysis. Transcriptome of CD4+ cells and sequencing of survivin-bound chromatin showed that nuclear survivin had a genome-wide and motif-specific binding to regulatory regions of the genes controlling cell metabolism. Survivin coprecipitates with transcription factors IRF1 and SMAD3, which repressed the transcription of the metabolic check-point enzyme phosphofructokinase 2 gene PFKFB3 and promoted anaerobic glycolysis. Combining transcriptome analyses of CD4+ cells and functional studies in glucose metabolism, we demonstrated that the inhibition of survivin reverted PFKFB3 production, inhibited glucose uptake, and reduces interferon effects in CD4+ cells. These results present a survivin-dependent mechanism in coordinating the metabolic adaptation of CD4+T cells and propose an attractive strategy to counteract IFNγ-dependent inflammation in autoimmunity.
19.	Gravina, Giacomo, et al. (författare) Survivin in autoimmune diseases. 2017 Ingår i: Autoimmunity reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-0183 .- 1568-9972. ; 16:8, s. 845-855 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract Survivin is a protein functionally important for cell division, apoptosis, and possibly, for micro-RNA biogenesis. It is an established marker of malignant cell transformation. In non-malignant conditions, the unique properties of survivin make it indispensable for homeostasis of the immune system. Indeed, it is required for the innate and adaptive immune responses, controlling differentiation and maintenance of CD4(+) and CD8(+) memory T-cells, and in B cell maturation. Recently, survivin has emerged as an important player in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Under the conditions of unreserved inflammation, survivin enhances antigen presentation, maintains persistence of autoreactive cells, and supports production of autoantibodies. In this context, survivin takes its place as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic sclerosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension, neuropathology and multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases and oral lichen planus. In this review, we summarise the knowledge about non-malignant properties of survivin and focus on its engagement in cellular and molecular pathology of autoimmune diseases. The review highlights utility of survivin measures for clinical applications. It provides rational for the survivin inhibiting strategies and presents results of recent reports on survivin inhibition in modern therapies of cancers and autoimmune diseases.
20.	Jalnefjord, Oscar, 1989, et al. (författare) Comparison of methods for estimation of the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion coefficient (D) and perfusion fraction (f) 2018 Ingår i: Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0968-5243 .- 1352-8661. ; 31:6, s. 715-723 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective: Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) shows great potential in many applications, e.g., tumor tissue characterization. To reduce image-quality demands, various IVIM analysis approaches restricted to the diffusion coefficient (D) and the perfusion fraction (f) are increasingly being employed. In this work, the impact of estimation approach for D and f is studied. Materials and methods: Four approaches for estimating D and f were studied: segmented IVIM fitting, least-squares fitting of a simplified IVIM model (sIVIM), and Bayesian fitting of the sIVIM model using marginal posterior modes or posterior means. The estimation approaches were evaluated in terms of bias and variability as well as ability for differentiation between tumor and healthy liver tissue using simulated and in vivo data. Results: All estimation approaches had similar variability and ability for differentiation and negligible bias, except for the Bayesian posterior mean of f, which was substantially biased. Combined use of D and f improved tumor-to-liver tissue differentiation compared with using D or f separately. Discussion: The similar performance between estimation approaches renders the segmented one preferable due to lower numerical complexity and shorter computational time. Superior tissue differentiation when combining D and f suggests complementary biologically relevant information.
21.	Jalnefjord, Oscar, 1989, et al. (författare) IVIM D and f - Optimal estimation technique and their potential for tissue differentiation 2018 Ingår i: Joint Annual Meeting ISMRM-ESMRMB, 26-21 June 2018, Paris. - : International Society för Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
22.	Jensen, Maja, 1978, et al. (författare) Survivin prevents the polycomb repressor complex 2 from methylating histone 3 lysine 27 2023 Ingår i: Iscience. ; 26:7 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This study investigates the role of survivin in epigenetic control of gene transcription through interaction with the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). PRC2 is responsible for silencing gene expression by trimethylating lysine 27 on histone 3. We observed differential expression of PRC2 subunits in CD4(+) T cells with varying levels of survivin expression, and ChIP-seq results indicated that survivin colocalizes with PRC2 along DNA. Inhibition of survivin resulted in a significant increase in H3K27 trimethylation, implying that survivin prevents PRC2 from functioning. Peptide microarray showed that survivin interacts with peptides from PRC2 subunits, and machine learning revealed that amino acid composition contains relevant information for predicting survivin interaction. NMR and BLI experiments supported the interaction of survivin with PRC2 subunit EZH2. Finally, protein-protein docking revealed that the survivin-EZH2 interaction interface overlaps with catalytic residues of EZH2, potentially inhibiting its H3K27 methylation activity. These findings suggest that survivin inhibits PRC2 function.
23.	Norén, Anna, 1989, et al. (författare) Integrated assessment of management strategies for metal-contaminated dredged sediments : What are the best approaches for ports, marinas and waterways? 2020 Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 716 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Sediments in ports, marinas and waterways around the world are often contaminated with metals arising from anthropogenic activities. Regular dredging is needed to achieve an appropriate water depth and reduce the environmental impact of pollutants. The aim of this study was to develop an integrated assessment method for comparing various management strategies for dredged sediments at six case study sites in Sweden. Short- and long-term environmental impacts were investigated for different management approaches, including landfilling, deep-sea disposal, metal extraction in combination with the two aforementioned, and natural recovery (no dredging). The potential value of metals in the sediments was estimated using sediment metal contents and current metal prices. Additionally, an assessment of how metal extraction could result in lower management costs was carried out. The cost of the different management approaches was calculated and evaluated together with the corresponding environmental impacts. This study shows that there is a monetary value in dredged materials, in terms of metal content, and that the materials can potentially be used for metal extraction. Metal extraction may also help to reduce the management costs, as cleaner materials are cheaper to handle. The choice of metal recovery method is important in both monetary and environmental terms, potentially contributing to a circular economy. In the future, metal recovery may become more profitable, as technologies are improved, and due to probable increases in metal prices and landfill costs.
24.	Norén, Anna, 1989, et al. (författare) Low impact leaching agents as remediation media for organotin and metal contaminated sediments 2021 Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Management. - : Academic Press. - 0301-4797 .- 1095-8630. ; 282 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract All over the world, elevated levels of metals and the toxic compound tributyltin (TBT) and its degradation products are found in sediments, especially close to areas associated with shipping and anthropogenic activities. Ports require regular removal of sediments. As a result, large volumes of often contaminated sediments must be managed. The aim of this study was to investigate enhanced leaching as a treatment method for organotin (TBT) and metal (Cu and Zn) contaminated marine sediments. Thus, enabling the possibility to reuse these cleaner masses e.g. in construction. In addition to using acid and alkaline leaching agents that extract the OTs and metals but reduce the management options post treatment, innovative alternatives such as EDDS, hydroxypropyl cellulose, humic acid, iron colloids, ultra-pure Milli-Q water, saponified tall oil (“soap”), and NaCl were tested. Organotin removal ranged from 36 to 75%, where the most efficient leaching agent was Milli-Q water, which was also the leaching agent achieving the highest removal rate for TBT (46%), followed by soap (34%). The TBT reduction accomplished by Milli-Q water and soap leaching enabled a change in Swedish sediment classification from the highest class to the second highest class. The highest reduction of Zn was in HPC leached samples (39% removal) and Cu in EDDS leached samples (33% removal). Although high metal and OT leaching were achieved, none of the investigated leaching agents are sufficiently effective for the removal of both metals and OTs. The results of this study indicate that leaching with ultra-clean water, such as Milli-Q water, may be sufficient to treat TBT contaminated sediments and potentially allow mass reuse. © 2021 The Authors
25.	Norén, Anna, 1989, et al. (författare) Removal of organotin compounds and metals from Swedish marine sediment using Fenton’s reagent and electrochemical treatment 2022 Ingår i: Environmental Science and Pollution Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0944-1344 .- 1614-7499. ; 29:19, s. 27988-28004 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Metal and tributyltin (TBT) contaminated sediments are problematic for sediment managers and the environment. This study is the first to compare Fenton’s reagent and electrochemical treatment as remediation methods for the removal of TBT and metals using laboratory-scale experiments on contaminated dredged sediment. The costs and the applicability of the developed methods were also compared and discussed. Both methods removed > 98% TBT from TBT-spiked sediment samples, while Fenton’s reagent removed 64% of the TBT and electrolysis 58% of the TBT from non-spiked samples. TBT in water phase was effectively degraded in both experiments on spiked water and in leachates during the treatment of the sediment. Positive correlations were observed between TBT removal and the added amount of hydrogen peroxide and current density. Both methods removed metals from the sediment, but Fenton’s reagent was identified as the most potent option for effective removal of both metals and TBT, especially from highly metal-contaminated sediment. However, due to risks associated with the required chemicals and low pH level in the sediment residue following the Fenton treatment, electrochemical treatment could be a more sustainable option for treating larger quantities of contaminated sediment.
26.	Norén, Anna, 1989, et al. (författare) The effects of electrochemical pretreatment and curing environment on strength and leaching of stabilized/solidified contaminated sediment 2024 Ingår i: Environmental Science and Pollution Research. - : Springer Nature. - 0944-1344 .- 1614-7499. ; 31:4, s. 5866-5880 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Stabilization and solidification (S/S) is known to improve the structural properties of sediment and reduce contaminant mobility, enabling the utilization of dredged contaminated sediment. Further reduction of contaminants (e.g., tributyltin (TBT) and metals) can be done using electrochemical treatment prior to S/S and could potentially minimize contaminant leaching. This is the first study on how electrochemical pretreatment affects the strength and leaching properties of stabilized sediments. It also investigates how salinity and organic carbon in the curing liquid affect the stabilized sediment.
27.	Preuss, Josefine, 1989, et al. (författare) Comparison of Long-Chain Alcohol Blends, HVO and Diesel on Spray Characteristics, Ignition and Soot Formation 2019 Ingår i: SAE Technical Papers. - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE International. - 0148-7191 .- 2688-3627. ; 2019-January:January Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Spray characteristics of fossil Diesel fuel, hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and two oxygenated fuel blends were studied to elucidate the combustion process. The fuels were studied in an optically accessible high-pressure/high-temperature chamber under non-combusting (623 K, 4.69 MPa) and combusting (823 K, 6.04 MPa) conditions. The fuel blends contained the long-chain alcohol 2-ethylhexanol (EH), HVO and either 20 vol.% Diesel or 7 vol.% rapeseed methyl ester (RME) and were designed to have a Diesel-like cetane number (CN). Injection pressures were set to 120 MPa and 180 MPa and the gas density was held constant at 26 kg/m3. Under non-combusting conditions, shadow imaging revealed the penetration length of the liquid and vapor phase of the spray. Under combusting conditions, the lift-off length and soot volume fraction were measured by simultaneously recording time-resolved two-dimensional laser extinction, flame luminosity and OH∗ chemiluminescence images. The ignition delay and start of soot formation were also recorded. Under non-combusting conditions at both injection pressures, the liquid penetration length was higher for the blends and HVO compared to Diesel, whereas the vapor penetration length was similar for all fuels. Under combusting conditions, the liquid penetration length of all the tested fuels was similar. Despite different CNs, the ignition delay was similar for Diesel and HVO. The EH blends had an increased ignition delay compared to Diesel, despite having the same CN. The lift-off length was found to be highest for the blend containing the highest share of EH. In agreement with previously published scaling relations, the lift-off length increased with increasing injection pressure. The soot volume fraction was found to be lower for the blends, in agreement with engine studies.
28.	Siponen, Rebecca, 1993-, et al. (författare) A population-based study on victimization and risk for reoffending among youth offenders with and without psychiatric diagnoses Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
29.	Siponen, Rebecca, 1993-, et al. (författare) Psychiatric diagnoses and criminal convictions in youth : A population-based study of comorbidities of diagnoses 2023 Ingår i: Journal of criminal justice. - : Elsevier. - 0047-2352 .- 1873-6203. ; 88 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Psychiatric diagnoses are important risk factors for criminal convictions, but few longitudinal studies have examined comorbidity patterns in relation to youth criminal convictions.Aim: To explore associations between specific psychiatric diagnoses (substance use disorder (SUD), ADHD, depression, PTSD, intellectual disabilities (ID), and autism spectrum disorders (ASD)) and comorbidities of internalizing, externalizing, or neurodevelopmental diagnoses (NDD) in relation to risk of non-violent or violent criminal convictions in youth, including potential sex differences.Methods: Data on 1,411,538 individuals born in Sweden (1985–1998) were obtained from national population-based registers. Exposure was psychiatric diagnoses and outcome was criminal convictions between ages 15 and 20.Results: 17% of individuals had a psychiatric diagnosis, of whom 20% were convicted of a crime. All diagnoses, except ID and ASD, increased the risk of non-violent and violent crimes. Comorbidities of externalizing and internalizing diagnoses heightened the risk compared to single diagnoses. NDD increased the risk among SUD, depression, and PTSD, while NDD comorbid with another NDD decreased the risk for criminal convictions.Conclusion: Of the three comorbidity categories, externalizing disorders heightened risk the most, followed by internalizing disorders. This study highlights specific risk patterns for criminal convictions related to comorbidities, and to crime type and sex.
30.	Svensson, Nina, 1988-, et al. (författare) Integrated cost and environmental impact assessment of management options for dredged sediment 2022 Ingår i: Waste Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-053X .- 1879-2456. ; 138, s. 30-40 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Large quantities of sediment must be dredged regularly to enable marine transport and trade. The sediments are often polluted, with e.g. metals, which limits the management options. The aim of this study has been to assess costs and environmental impacts (impact on climate, marine organisms, etc.) of different management options for polluted dredged sediment, by combining life-cycle assessment (LCA) of the climate impact, scoring of other environmental aspects and a cost evaluation. This approach has been used to study both traditional and new management alternatives for a real port case. The studied options include landfilling, deep-sea disposal, construction of a port area using a stabilization and solidification (S/S) method, and a combination of the aforementioned methods with the innovative option of metal recovery through sediment electrolysis. The LCA showed that deep-sea disposal had the lowest climate impact. The assessment of the other environmental impacts showed that the result varied depending on the pollution level and the time perspective used (short or long-term). Using sediment for construction had the highest climate impact, although other environmental impacts were comparably low. Electrolysis was found to be suitable for highly polluted sediments, as it left the sediment cleaner and enabled recovery of precious metals, however the costs were high. The results highlight the complexity of comparing different environmental impacts and the benefits of using integrated assessments to provide clarity, and to evaluate both the synergetic and counteracting effects associated with the investigated scenarios and may aid early-stage decision making.

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