| 1. |
- Dahlgren, Kristin, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
Influence of plankton structure and temperature on pelagic food web efficiency in a brackish water system
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Aquatic Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1386-2588 .- 1573-5125. ; 45, s. 307-323
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of one climate change scenario, water temperature as well as the ratio between heterotrophic and autotrophic production is expected to increase; the latter at least in higher latitudes. In order to test how this scenario would affect organisms, such as metazooplankton, at higher trophic levels and carbon transfer up the food chain, a mesocosm experiment was performed at two different temperatures; 5 and 10°C, with two food webs; one phytoplankton-based (NP; autotrophic) and one bacteria-based (CNP; heterotrophic). The groups of pelagic organisms included in the mesocosms were bacteria, flagellates, ciliates, phytoplankton and metazooplankton. Metazooplankton production was observed to increase with temperature, but was not significantly affected by food web structure. A change in food web structure, i.e. increased heterotrophy, did however lead to decreased fatty acid content and lower individual weight of the metazooplankton. Food web efficiency (FWE), defined as metazooplankton production divided by basal production, increased with autotrophy and temperature: 5CNP (0.2%) < 10CNP (0.4%) < 5NP (1.2%) < 10NP (7.3%). Our results indicate that in the climate change scenario under consideration, the temperature will have a positive effect on FWE whereas the increase in heterotrophy will have a negative effect on FWE. Furthermore, the quality, in terms of fatty acid content and individual weight of the metazooplankton, will be reduced with possible negative effects on higher trophic levels.
|
|
| 2. |
- Nilsson, Andreas, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of continuous feedback on households’ electricity consumption: Potentials and barriers
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-9118 .- 0306-2619. ; 122, s. 17-23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two field experiments were carried out to study (a) the effects on energy savings of continuous visual feedback via in-home displays, and (b) the motives for responding or not. In study 1, 40 participants living in separate or semi-detached houses in two different towns participated. All participants received a questionnaire and a list of possible energy saving measures. Households were then randomly assigned to an experimental condition (display) or a control condition (no display). In study 2, 32 households in rented apartments participated. No significant differences between the conditions were found for either of the studies. In study 2, semi-structured interviews were conducted among nine of the households. Through an analysis of interview transcripts barriers were identified explaining why the feedback intervention was not sufficient to change behaviour and reduce consumption. The barriers experienced indicate that there is a risk of overconfidence in IHDs. For the development of energy policies and more wide-scale implementation, it is important to be aware of the potential obstacles to success.
|
|
| 3. |
- Silfvernagel, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
-
Individually tailored internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for older adults with anxiety and depression : a randomised controlled trial
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1650-6073 .- 1651-2316. ; 47:4, s. 286-300
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mixed anxiety and depression is common among older adults. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of an eight-week-long tailored internet-supported cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) programme and to compare against the provision of weekly general support. A second aim was to investigate if pre-treatment cognitive flexibility and self-reported cognitive problems would predict outcome. We included 66 older adults (aged over 60 years) with mixed anxiety/depression following media recruitment and randomised them into treatment and control groups. We also included a one-year follow-up. As a measure of executive function, we used the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (perseverative errors) and the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire during the pre-treatment phase. Results showed a moderate between-group effect on the main outcome measure, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) (d= .50), favouring the treatment group. Nearly half (45.5%) of that group were classified as responders. One person (3%) in the treatment group deteriorated. There were significant correlations between perseverative errors and outcome (on the BAI r = -.45), but not among self-reported cognitive function. We conclude that guided, tailored ICBT may be effective for some older adults and that the role of cognitive function needs to be investigated further.
|
|
| 4. |
- Wiklund, Ann-Kristin Eriksson, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of warming and shifts of pelagic food web structure on benthic productivity in a coastal marine system
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - : Inter-Research Science Center. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 396, s. 13-25
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been predicted that climate change will lead to increased temperature and precipitation in northern latitudes, which in turn may lead to brownification of coastal sea areas. This will increase the importance of the heterotrophic microbial food web in areas like the northern Baltic Sea. Such a structural change in the pelagic food web would hamper benthic productivity, since microheterotrophs have lower settling rates than phytoplankton. We tested how variation in temperature and alteration of the pelagic food web structure affected the productivity of a key benthic species, the amphipod Monopoeria affinis, and the pelagic-benthic food web efficiency (FWE). Using water from the northern Baltic Sea, a mesocosm experiment was performed in which the temperature was altered by 5 degrees C. The structure of the pelagic food web changed from one based on algae to one based on bacteria. Amphipod productivity was 3 times higher and FWE was 25 times higher in the algae than in the bacteria-based food web, showing that an altered pelagic food web will have severe effects on benthic productivity. Temperature variation, on the other hand, did not cause any changes in either growth of M. affinis or FWE. Our data indicate that indirect effects of climate change, leading to structural changes in the pelagic food web, will have much more severe effects on benthic productivity than the direct effect of increased temperature.
|
|
| 5. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
-
171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
|
|
| 6. |
- Andersson, Claes, et al.
(författare)
-
Assessment in vitro of interactions between anti-cancer drugs and noncancer drugs commonly used by cancer patients
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Anti-Cancer Drugs. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0959-4973 .- 1473-5741. ; 34:1, s. 92-102
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer patients often suffer from cancer symptoms, treatment complications and concomitant diseases and are, therefore, often treated with several drugs in addition to anticancer drugs. Whether such drugs, here denoted as 'concomitant drugs', have anticancer effects or interact at the tumor cell level with the anticancer drugs is not very well known. The cytotoxic effects of nine concomitant drugs and their interactions with five anti-cancer drugs commonly used for the treatment of colorectal cancer were screened over broad ranges of drug concentrations in vitro in the human colon cancer cell line HCT116wt. Seven additional tyrosine kinase inhibitors were included to further evaluate key findings as were primary cultures of tumor cells from patients with colorectal cancer. Cytotoxic effects were evaluated using the fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay (FMCA) and interaction analysis was based on Bliss independent interaction analysis. Simvastatin and loperamide, included here as an opioid agonists, were found to have cytotoxic effects on their own at reasonably low concentrations whereas betamethasone, enalapril, ibuprofen, metformin, metoclopramide, metoprolol and paracetamol were inactive also at very high concentrations. Drug interactions ranged from antagonistic to synergistic over the concentrations tested with a more homogenous pattern of synergy between simvastatin and protein kinase inhibitors in HCT116wt cells. Commonly used concomitant drugs are mostly neither expected to have anticancer effects nor to interact significantly with anticancer drugs frequently used for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
|
|
| 7. |
- Andersson, Claes, et al.
(författare)
-
Mebendazole is unique among tubulin-active drugs in activating the MEK-ERK pathway
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We recently showed that the anti-helminthic compound mebendazole (MBZ) has immunomodulating activity in monocyte/macrophage models and induces ERK signalling. In the present study we investigated whether MBZ induced ERK activation is shared by other tubulin binding agents (TBAs) and if it is observable also in other human cell types. Curated gene signatures for a panel of TBAs in the LINCS Connectivity Map (CMap) database showed a unique strong negative correlation of MBZ with MEK/ERK inhibitors indicating ERK activation also in non-haematological cell lines. L1000 gene expression signatures for MBZ treated THP-1 monocytes also connected negatively to MEK inhibitors. MEK/ERK phosphoprotein activity testing of a number of TBAs showed that only MBZ increased the activity in both THP-1 monocytes and PMA differentiated macrophages. Distal effects on ERK phosphorylation of the substrate P90RSK and release of IL1B followed the same pattern. The effect of MBZ on MEK/ERK phosphorylation was inhibited by RAF/MEK/ERK inhibitors in THP-1 models, CD3/IL2 stimulated PBMCs and a MAPK reporter HEK-293 cell line. MBZ was also shown to increase ERK activity in CD4+ T-cells from lupus patients with known defective ERK signalling. Given these mechanistic features MBZ is suggested suitable for treatment of diseases characterized by defective ERK signalling, notably difficult to treat autoimmune diseases.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Andersson, E Kristin, et al.
(författare)
-
Imagery and implementation intention: A randomised controlled trial of interventions to increase exercise behaviour in the general population
- 2011
-
Ingår i: PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 1469-0292. ; 12:2, s. 63-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The studys main objective was to investigate a potential role of pre-conscious processes in exercise behaviour change by comparing the efficiency of two exercise interventions (guided imagery and manipulation of implementation intention). Design: A randomised control trial was carried out with participants allocated to one of four conditions (guided imagery, implementation intention, relaxation, or control). Method: Outcome variables (exercise behaviour, exercise self-efficacy and exercise motivation), were measured pre- and post-intervention. Imagery ability was measured as a potential confounding variable of intervention efficiency. Using provided exercise diaries, fifty sedentary participants (34F, 16M) monitored their physical activity for two weeks. Average of the participants was 29 years (range 19-56). Results: A one-way MANCOVA suggested that 13% of the variation in the linear combination of the dependent variables was accounted for by group allocation. Univariate tests confirmed that significant differences existed between both intervention groups and control group (Implementation Intention - Control (p = 0.048): effect size (d) = 0.92), Guided Imagery - Control (p = 0.012: effect size (d) = 1.46). Conclusions: This study succeeded in increasing exercise behaviour using guided imagery and implementation intention interventions. These are self-managed, economic and practical interventions which may be further developed for particular populations or behaviours. The results may challenge the subjective expected utility basis of social cognition models of health behaviour, as it highlights the importance of considering both conscious and pre-conscious processes antecedent to behaviour change.
|
|
| 10. |
- Andersson, Eva M., 1968, et al.
(författare)
-
High exposure to perfluorinated compounds in drinking water and thyroid disease. A cohort study from Ronneby, Sweden
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 176
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are extremely persistent manmade substances. Apart from exposure through food and indoor air and dust, humans can be exposed through drinking water if the surface or groundwater is contaminated. In 2013 very high levels of PFOS and PFHxS were found in the drinking water from one of the two waterworks supplying the municipality of Ronneby, Sweden. A cohort was formed, including all individuals who had lived at least one year in Ronneby during the period 1980–2013 (ñ63,000). Each year, addresses that got their drinking water from the contaminated water works were identified. Through the Swedish personal identity number, each individual was linked to registers providing diagnoses and prescriptions for hyper- and hypothyroidism. In total, 16,150 individuals had ever been exposed. The hazard ratios did not indicate any excess risk of hyperthyroidism among those with contaminated water. For hypothyroidism, the risk of being prescribed medication was significantly increased among women with exposure during the mid part of the study period (but not men). However, the association with period of exposure was non-monotonic, so the significance is considered to be a chance finding. Our research was limited by the relatively simple exposure assessment.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Andersson, Kristin, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Coordination of Operations by Relation Extraction for Manufacturing Cell Controllers
- 2010
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology. - 1063-6536 .- 1558-0865. ; 18:2, s. 414-429
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for generation of the control function for flexible manufacturing cells is presented in this paper. The control function is separated from the rest of the PLC program, and partitioned into a high-level part handling the operation sequence and a low-level part defining the execution process of the operations. The program structure enables high-level supervisor synthesis, which alleviates the state-space explosion problem. Information present in earlier steps of the development process is reused and processed, to automatically generate the automata needed for supervisor synthesis. An algorithm for generating automata, from the low-level safety requirements that restrict the high-level behavior, is presented. Algorithms are also presented for extracting the relations between the operations defining the work in the cell, from the synthesized supervisor. These relations give an easy-to-read representation of the control function that makes it interpretable by machine operators and maintenance personnel, an important feature to make the method applicable in an industrial setting. Hence, the control function generated by our method combines the benefits of a traditional supervisor, namely optimality and flexibility, with simplicity and clarity.
|
|
| 13. |
- Andersson, Kristin, 1980
(författare)
-
Enkätundersökning : delrapport 3 i serien “Fördjupad boendedialog i Långängen, Göteborg”
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hösten 2012 genomfördes en enkätundersökning i alla hushåll i Familjebostäders bestånd iLångängen med en svarsfrekvens på 46,5%. Syftet var att få ökad kunskap om hyresgästerssyn på sin bostad, sitt område och deras inställning och tankar kring framtida renoveringar.Resultaten visar att de boende i genomsnitt är ganska nöjda med sin hälsa, välmående ochlivssituation. Vad gäller Långängen som område så är majoriteten av de boende åtminstonenågot nöjda med de flesta aspekter av den yttre boendemiljön. Mest nöjd är man medkollektivtrafiken, tillgång till torg och öppna platser samt möjligheten att ta sig fram medcykel eller till fots. Minst nöjd är man med skötsel av fastigheter i området, tillgång till olikatyper av mötesplatser samt med tryggheten på kvällar och nätter. Vad gäller den egnalägenheten så är man mest nöjd med det naturliga ljusinsläppet, medan det finns fleraområden såsom isolering, temperatur och ventilation som anses viktiga att förbättra. Bådekök och badrum är rum som en majoritet anser att det är viktigt att satsa på. Aspekter somhar störst inflytande över trivseln i lägenheten är hur man trivs med sitt kök, ljusinsläppetoch upplevelsen av ljudisolering. Inför eventuella framtida renoveringar ser de boende detsom mycket viktigt att vara informerade och även ha inflytande över processen. Extra viktigttycks vara att ha inflytande över eventuella hyreshöjningar, tidsplan och prioriteringar, samtatt ha möjlighet att göra olika val i form av material och kvalitet. Flera uttrycker också enönskan om att bevara det tidstypiska i husen.
|
|
| 14. |
- Andersson, Kristin, 1980
(författare)
-
Fokusgruppsintervju: Delrapport 5 i serien “Fördjupad boendedialog i Långängen, Göteborg”
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I juni 2013 genomfördes en fokusgruppsintervju med yngre boende i Familjebostädersbestånd i Långängen, Göteborg. Fem personer i åldrarna mellan 27 och 31 år deltog. Temansom behandlades berör den yttre miljön och arkitektur, och den inre boendemiljön genomatt resonera kring på vilket sätt man tänker på dessa aspekter, hur man tänker om att bevaraeller förnya, och sådana aspekter som kan påverka hyran. Resultatet fångar upp de mestframstående delarna av deltagarnas utsagor och berör synen på området, förändring ochförnyelse, isolering - värme och ljud, köket och ekonomi. Studien visar att individerna har liteolika syn och olika önskemål.En person tycker att det är viktigt att fasader repareras medan en annan person anser attdet är ganska charmigt när det är lite slitet. Genomgående och gemensamt är det är ingensom önskar att området totalrenoveras och förändras till någon ny moderniserad versionutan önskar att det får vara som det är och i samma stil. Det är inte förändring som är detönskvärda utan en renovering där utseende får bevaras och vara det samma.
|
|
| 15. |
- Andersson, Kristin, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Generation of restart states for manufacturing cell controllers
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Control Engineering Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-0661. ; 19:9, s. 1014-1022
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for restart of manufacturing systems has recently been introduced. After correction of a fault. the system resumes normal production by returning to a certain restart state in the control function. and from there reexecuting parts of the work schedule. The current paper concerns automatic generation of the restart states, using discrete event systems theory. The generation process finds all possible restart states that guarantee that the execution restrictions are fulfilled during a restart, and that the production goals can be maintained. The number of restart states is minimized to reduce the number of necessary extensions to the control program. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 16. |
- Andersson, Kristin, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Generation of restart states for manufacturing systems with discarded workpieces
- 2009
-
Ingår i: 2009 IEEE Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, CASE 2009, Bangalore, India. - 9781424445783 ; , s. 191-196
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In earlier work we presented a method for restart of manufacturing systems. After correction of an error, the system resumes normal production by returning to a certain restart state in the control function, and from there reexecutes parts of the work schedule. In the present paper the method is extended to handle also systems where some, but not necessarily all, workpieces are discarded during the error correction preceding the restart. The restart process must then replace the discarded workpieces with new ones. The workpieces that remain in the cell may limit the possibilities of executing certain operations needed to process the new workpieces correctly, thus complicating the restart. Properties of the restart states that guarantee a correct restart are defined, typical situations that make the system impossible to restart are presented, and some suggestions are given for modifications that make the system restartable.
|
|
| 17. |
- Andersson, Kristin, 1980
(författare)
-
Genskjutsintervjuer: Delrapport 2 i serien “Fördjupad boendedialog i Långängen, Göteborg”
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I maj 2012 genomfördes en genskjutsintervjuundersökning i bostadsområdet Långängeni Göteborg. Syftet med studien var att identifiera boendekvalitéer för att få kunskapom hur de som bor och vistas i området ser på olika aspekter i den yttre boendemiljön.Totalt genomfördes 20 korta intervjuer, så kallade genskjutsintervjuer, tillsammansmed en minienkät. Respondenterna rekryterades vid tre olika tillfällen genom att frågaförbipasserande. Resultatet visar att de boende är generellt sett ganska positivt inställdatill boendemiljön. De flesta gillade att husen var äldre och tyckte att det bidrog med charmtill området. Många nämner grönska och närheten till grönområden som positiva aspekter,samtidigt som närheten till Stan och lättheten att ta sig dit också uppskattas. Känslan avtrygghet tycks ha ökat de senaste åren, men samtidigt är det lite svårtolkat när människorbeskriver det som att det har blivit mycket bättre. Känslan tycks ha en koppling till detnärliggande området Nya Kvillebäcken som är under uppbyggnad. Två aspekter lyftes framav respondenterna som inte hade en direkt koppling till den yttre boendemiljön, att det varbilligt att bo i området och kvaliteter i köken. Dessa aspekter värderades högt i visionen omfolkhemmets boende. Även grönområden fanns med när visionen om folkhemmet växtefram och som tycks uppskattas av människor som bor här 60 år senare.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Andersson, Kristin, 1976
(författare)
-
Hierarchical Control and Restart of Flexible Manufacturing Systems
- 2006
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Product life-cycles are constantly shortening, and the amount of new product types increases, for example in the automotive industry. Growing demands on flexibility and ability to decrease time to market has made it increasingly important to find methods for fast and accurate development of control programs for flexible manufacturing cells. There are several means to achieve this goal. Information present in early steps of the development process, as well as already developed software, should be reused when possible. In addition, formal methods should be used to automatically generate the control functions. To enable information reuse and usage of formal methods, a suitable structure has to be defined for the control program. Also, the methods have to be adapted to industrial work procedures.This thesis presents a methodology for generation of control functions for flexible manufacturing cells. The control program is structured hierarchically and partitioned into two parts. The first part corresponds to hardware and basic cell functions that are essentially the same for different manufacturing cells, and the second part is the actual control function, i.e. the part of the control program that is specific to each cell. By structuring the control information similarly in a hierarchical way, models of the system can be produced and supervisor synthesis can be used to generate the high-level control function. Because of the hierarchical approach, the problem of state space explosion is alleviated. A method for presenting the control function in a simple and easy-to-read way has also been developed. This facilitates the use of the control function by the maintenance personnel handling the manufacturing cell.Furthermore, this thesis contains an approach to solve the restart problem in flexible manufacturing systems. When an error has been detected and solved, it is often a difficult and time-consuming task to resynchronize the controller and the cell, and restart production. Most often the entire restart must be handled manually. The method presented in this thesis analyzes the control function off-line, and synthesizes certain restart states in it, from which a restart is guaranteed to be safe. In contrast to earlier methods, the issues of not increasing the complexity of the cell more than necessary, as well as how to physically move the machines in the cell to the restart states in a safe way, are addressed.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Andersson, Kristin
(författare)
-
Human papillomaviruses in skin cancer and cervical cancer
- 2010
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The causal relationship between persistent genital infections with human papillomavirus (HPV) and development of cervical cancer is well established. In contrast, the significance of infections with cutaneous HPV for development of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is not well understood. We have evaluated whether seropositivity to cutaneous HPV is a marker for cutaneous HPV infection and used high throughput HPV serology to investigate the risk for developing NMSC in relation to seropositivity for cutaneous HPV infection and PCR techniques to investigate the risk for NMSC in relation to presence of HPV DNA in the skin. We have also investigated how different sexually transmitted infections interact with HPV in the aetiology of cervical cancer. Two of our NMSC studies were hospital-based case-control studies where biopsies from skin tumours and healthy skin were analysed for presence of HPV DNA and serum samples for presence of antibodies to 14 different HPV types. The third NMSC study and the cervical cancer study were designed as prospective biobank-based case-control studies where biobanks were linked to cancer registries for identification of cancers that have occurred after donation of a serum sample. For patients with cervix cancer also formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumour tissue was retrieved and tested for HPV DNA. In the skin cancer studies, we found that both DNA and seropositivity to HPV of genus beta species 2 associated with an increased risk for development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin and that sun-exposure is a risk factor for cutaneous HPV infection. In the cervical cancer study we found in addition to the exposure to the oncogenic HPV type that is found in the cancer tissue, that history of Chlamydia trachomatis stood out among the different sexually transmitted infections as being associated with increased risk for cervical cancer, suggesting that it may acts as a co-factor to HPV in cervical carcinogenesis.
|
|
| 22. |
- Andersson, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
-
Implementing healthy lifestyle promotion in primary care: a quasi-experimental cross-sectional study evaluating a team initiative
- 2015
-
Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6963. ; 15:31
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Non-communicable diseases are a leading cause of death and can largely be prevented by healthy lifestyles. Health care organizations are encouraged to integrate healthy lifestyle promotion in routine care. This study evaluates the impact of a team initiative on healthy lifestyle promotion in primary care.Methods: A quasi-experimental, cross-sectional design compared three intervention centres that had implemented lifestyle teams with three control centres that used a traditional model of care. Outcomes were defined using the RE-AIM framework: reach, the proportion of patients receiving lifestyle promotion; effectiveness, self-reported attitudes and competency among staff; adoption, proportion of staff reporting regular practice of lifestyle promotion; implementation, fidelity to the original lifestyle team protocol. Data collection methods included a patient questionnaire (n = 888), a staff questionnaire (n = 120) and structured interviews with all practice managers and, where applicable, team managers (n = 8). The chi square test and problem-driven content analysis was used to analyse the questionnaire and interview data, respectively.Results:Reach: patients at control centres (48%, n = 211) received lifestyle promotion significantly more often compared with patients at intervention centres (41%, n = 169). Effectiveness: intervention staff was significantly more positive towards the effectiveness of lifestyle promotion, shared competency and how lifestyle promotion was prioritized at their centre. Adoption: 47% of staff at intervention centres and 58% at control centres reported that they asked patients about their lifestyle on a daily basis. Implementation: all intervention centres had implemented multi-professional teams and team managers and held regular meetings but struggled to implement in-house referral structures for lifestyle promotion, which was used consistently among staff.Conclusions:Intervention centres did not show higher rates than control centres on reach of patients or adoption among staff at this stage. All intervention centres struggled to implement working referral structures for lifestyle promotion. Intervention centres were more positive on effectiveness outcomes, attitudes and competency among staff, however. Thus, lifestyle teams may facilitate lifestyle promotion practice in terms of increased responsiveness among staff, illustrated by positive attitudes and perceptions of shared competency. More research is needed on lifestyle promotion referral structures in primary care regarding their configuration and implementation.
|
|
| 23. |
- Andersson, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
-
Jämställdhet på jobbet : implementeringsanalys av Jämvägens 3:e R inom AMV Norrbotten
- 2001
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Centrum för utbildning och forsknings inom samhällsvetenskaperna (CUFS) fick i juni 2000 uppdraget av Länsarbetsnämnden i Norrbotten att utvärdera den sista fasen, implementeringen, i arbetet med Jämvägenprojektet. Syftet med undersökningen var att undersöka om inställningen till jämställdhet förändrats sedan starten av Jämvägenprojektet och efter genomförd studiecirkel. Rapporten bygger på en jämförelse mellan en enkätundersökning av samtliga anställda inom AMV i Norrbotten 1999 och 2001. Av samtliga anställda inom AMV i Norrbotten deltog i genomsnitt drygt 80 procent i de obligatoriska cirkelträffarna. Närvaron mellan de olika kontoren varierade stort, från 52 procent till 100 procent. En lyckad implementering innebär att resultatet efter genomförandet av ett beslut eller införande av en policy blir det som avsågs när beslutet fattades. För att uppnå en lyckad implementering finns fyra kriterier uppställda av de amerikanska statsvetarna Ham & Hill. För det första måste bakgrunden till beslutet vara tydlig och de som ska genomföra beslutet måste vara motiverade att göra det. För det andra måste den direkta styrningen vara tydlig och rak så att det inte finns oklarheter om var ansvaret ligger. För det tredje måste utomståendes påverkan på dem som ska genomföra beslutet förhindras och för det fjärde måste beslutsfattarna kunna kontrollera implementeringsaktörerna. Det har skett en förändring hos de anställdas inställning till jämställdhet mellan de två mätperioderna. Om skillnaden har skett enbart på grund av cirkelutbildningen går inte att säga men utbildningen har haft betydelse. Det finns en ökad styrka i uppfattningen att vägledning fungerar som ett redskap för att minska den könssegregerade arbetsmarknaden. Även vad gäller synen på jämställdhet i sig har det skett en förändring. Uppfattningen att det krävs en medveten insats för att ändra det befintlliga könsmönstret på arbetsmarknaden har vunnit i styrka; den könsuppdelade arbetsmarknaden måste bekämpas med träget jämställdhetsarbete. Nyckelpersoner för att uppnå en lyckad implementering är cheferna ute på de olika kontoren i länet. Chefen är den person som sätter normen för arbetet och vilka värderingar som är viktiga. Det är därför angeläget att chefen är positivt inställd till Jömvägenprojektet. Det är en kluven bild som cheferna ger i undersökningen. I intervjuer uppger cheferna ett intresse och lägger stor vikt vid Jämvägenprojektet, men i enkätsvaren framkommer en annan bild. Cheferna är den grupp som i stor omfattning anser att jämställdheten redan är förverkligad och att det därför inte finns något behov av ett Jämvägenprojekt. Uppdragsgivare: Länsarbetsnämnden i Norrbottens län
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
- Andersson, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
-
Prospective study of genital human papillomaviruses and nonmelanoma skin cancer.
- 2013
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 133:8, s. 1840-1845
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genital high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause cervical cancer and are also found in a small proportion of nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). We used cancer registry linkages to follow the 856,000 serum donors included in the Southern Sweden Microbiology Biobank or the Janus Biobank in Norway, for incident skin cancers occurring up to 30 years after serum donation. Serum samples taken before diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (N = 633), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (N = 1990) or other NMSC (N = 153) and matched samples from control donors were tested for antibodies to the genital HPV types 16 and 18. Both HPV 16 and 18 were associated with increased risk for SCC [odds ratio (OR) 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-2.6 and OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.5, respectively] and other NMSC (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.0-5.2 and OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.4-8.7, respectively), but not for BCC. Tumor blocks from HPV16 or 18 seropositive cases were tested with real-time polymerase chain reaction for presence of HPV16 or 18 DNA. No HPV18 DNA was found and only four of 79 SCC cases (two of which were from the perineum/perianal area), one of 221 BCC cases and zero of five cases with other NMSC contained HPV16 DNA. In conclusion, we found prospective evidence that HPV16 and 18 antibodies associate with SCC and other NMSC risk, but not with BCC risk. As only a small proportion of seropositive subjects had evidence of the corresponding HPV DNA in the tumor, most of this excess risk is likely to be due to confounders associated with genital HPV infection.
|
|
| 28. |
- Andersson, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
-
Prospective Study of Human Papillomavirus Seropositivity and Risk of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
- 2012
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 175:7, s. 685-695
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been associated with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in case-control studies, but there are limited data from prospective studies assessing whether virus exposure predicts risk of future cancer development. Two major biobanks, the Southern Sweden Microbiology Biobank (1971-2003) and the Janus Biobank (1973-2003) in Norway, containing samples from 850,000 donors, were searched for incident skin cancer for up to 30 years using registry linkages. Altogether, 2,623 donors with samples taken before diagnosis of SCC or basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin were identified. Prediagnostic samples and samples from 2,623 matched controls were tested for antibodies against 33 types of HPV. Baseline seropositivity to HPV types in genus beta species 2 was associated with SCC risk (odds ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 1.7); this was also the case for samples taken more than 18 years before diagnosis (odds ratio = 1.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 2.8). Type-specific persistent seropositivity entailed elevated point estimates for SCC risk for 29 HPV types and decreased point estimates for only 3 types. After multiple hypothesis adjustment, HPV 76 was significantly associated with SCC risk and HPV 9 with BCC risk. In summary, seropositivity for certain HPV types was associated with an increased risk for future development of SCC and BCC.
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
- Andersson, Kristin, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Restarting Flexible Manufacturing Systems; Synthesis of Restart States
- 2006
-
Ingår i: 2006 8th International Workshop on Discrete Event Systems. - 1424400538 ; , s. 201-206
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for restart of flexible manufacturing systems is presented. Based on the execution restrictions on the operations in the control function, a number of restart states are synthesized off-line. We show that a restart from the closest preceding restart state never violates the execution restrictions. The presented method usually produces fewer restart states than an intuitive approach, and the number of paths used solely in the restart is considerably reduced, so less paths have to be updated and maintained. Instead, normal production paths are used in the restart when possible. The on-line part of the restart method can be executed by any PLC, and does not require the use of more powerful computers. The method is able to handle situations in which an error or manual intervention has lead to a machine configuration that is not consistent with any of the states in the control function
|
|
| 31. |
- Andersson, Kristin, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Restarting manufacturing systems; restart states and restartability
- 2010
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering. - 1558-3783 .- 1545-5955. ; 7:3, s. 486-499
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for restart after an error in a manufacturing system is introduced. The method is able to restart systems even after nonforeseen errors that cannot be planned for, and the online part of the restart method does not require use of more powerful computers than a standard Programmable Logic Controller. It is shown what properties the control function must have to ensure that there is at least one restart state for each controller state. Sufficient conditions to guarantee the possibility to restart a system regardless of where an error occurs are given, along with indications on how the system could otherwise be rebuilt to be restartable.
|
|
| 32. |
- Andersson, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
-
Seroreactivity to Cutaneous Human Papillomaviruses among Patients with Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer or Benign Skin Lesions.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention. - 1538-7755. ; 17:1, s. 189-195
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPV) are common in nonmelanoma skin cancers, benign skin lesions, and healthy skin. Increased seroprevalences for cutaneous HPV among nonmelanoma skin cancer patients have been described. To determine whether antibodies to cutaneous HPV are related to presence of the virus and/or to skin disease, we collected serum and biopsies from both lesions and healthy skin from 434 nonimmunosuppressed patients (72 squamous cell carcinomas, 160 basal cell carcinomas, 81 actinic keratoses, and 121 benign lesions). Biopsies were analyzed for HPV DNA by PCR, cloning, and sequencing. Serum antibodies to the major capsid protein L1 of HPV 1, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 20, 24, 32, 36, 38, and 57 as well as to the oncoproteins E6 and E7 of HPV 8 and 38 were detected using a multiplexed fluorescent bead-based assay. Type-specific seroprevalence among patients with the same type of HPV DNA (sensitivity of serology) varied from 0% to at most 28%. Presence of HPV DNA and antibodies to the same HPV type was not significantly correlated. However, seropositivity to any HPV type was significantly more common among patients positive for HPV DNA of any HPV type (odds ratio, 1.90; 95% confidence interval, 1.55-2.34). Seroprevalences were similar among the different patient groups but was, for most HPV types, somewhat higher among squamous cell carcinoma patients than among basal cell carcinoma patients (P < 0.01). In conclusion, additional studies are required to clarify the biological meaning of seropositivity as a marker of cutaneous HPV infection and skin disease. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(1):189-95).
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
- Andersson, Kristin, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Synthesis of Restart States for Manufacturing Cell Controllers
- 2009
-
Ingår i: 2nd IFAC Workshop on Dependable Control of Discrete Systems, DCDS’09, Bari, Italy.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In earlier work we presented a method for restart of manufacturing systems. After correction of an error, the system resumes normal production by returning to a certain restart state in the control function, and from there reexecuting parts of the work schedule. The current paper concerns automatically finding (synthesizing) the restart states. The control function is modeled by finite automata, and properties of the restart states are defined. The synthesis process finds all possible restart states, guaranteeing that the execution restrictions are fulfilled during a restart, and that the production goals can be maintained. The error and the corrective actions preceding the restart need not be modeled; neither is it necessary to know the exact physical states of the machines at the time of the error. The number of restart states is finally minimized to reduce the need for extensions to the control program.
|
|
| 35. |
- Andersson, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
-
The interface of population-based cancer registries and biobanks in etiological and clinical research : current and future perspectives
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 49:8, s. 1227-1234
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The availability of quality assured, population-based cancer registries and biobanks with high quality samples makes it possible to conduct research on large samples sets with long follow-up within a reasonable time frame. Defined quality for both cancer registries and biobanks is essential for enabling high quality biobank-based research. Recent networking projects have brought these infrastructures together to promote the combined use of cancer registries and biobanks in cancer research.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this report we review the current status and future perspectives of cancer registries and biobanks and how the interface between them should be developed to optimally further cancer research.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Major conclusions for future improvements are that the research exploiting cancer registries and biobanks, and the research that is building and optimising the infrastructure, should evolve together for maximally relevant progress. Population-based and sustainable biobanks that continuously and consecutively store all samples ("Biological registries") under strict quality control are needed. There is also a need for increased education, information and visibility of the interdisciplinary sciences required for optimal exploitation of these resources.
|
|
| 36. |
- Andersson, Lars-Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Profits, dividends and industry restructuring : the Swedish paper and pulp industry between 1945 and 1977
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 64:3, s. 278-296
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the role of profit distribution in the restructuring of the Swedish paper and pulp industry between 1945 and 1977. In addressing this issue, we will draw on the life-cycle theory and market imperfection arguments to examine whether the less profitable firms shared more of their profits as dividends, or remained on the market longer by reinvesting the majority of the profits. Our study shows that an increasing share of the profits was distributed to owners over time, and thus less profit was reinvested in industrial renewal. We find that the observed general upward trend in dividends can be attributed to the decline in profit and firm legacy, as firms in the Swedish pulp and paper industry kept dividends up while reducing reinvestment as their profit margins decreased over time. Our study shows that the market imperfections related to capital taxation and investment funds increased rather than decreased dividends.
|
|
| 37. |
- Andersson, Lars Gustaf, et al.
(författare)
-
Befintligt ljus. Carl Henrik Svenstedts filmer 2007 – 12
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Den nya svenska filmen: Kultur, kriminalitet, kakofoni. - 9789173536363 ; , s. 149-171
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The films of Swedish filmmaker and writer Carl Henric Svenstedt (b. 1937)are discussed within the framework of the tradition of poetic cinema and documentarism. In focus are four of his later films, Winter Gale (2007), Harg! Platsens musik (2010), Änglastämman (2010), and Tidens gång - Im Lauf der Zeit (2012).
|
|
| 38. |
|
|
| 39. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Infection dynamics of the tick-borne pathogen 'Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis' and co-infections with Borrelia afzelii in bank voles in Southern Sweden.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Applied and Environmental Microbiology. - 0099-2240. ; 80:5, s. 1645-1649
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The tick-borne bacterium 'Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis' has recently been recognized as a human pathogen. Together with Borrelia afzelii, it is one of the most common pathogens found in the tick Ixodes ricinus. Here, we compared the epidemiology of 'Candidatus N. mikurensis' and B. afzelii by longitudinal sampling from May to September in one of their most abundant vertebrate hosts, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus), using real-time PCR for detection and quantification. The prevalence of 'Candidatus N. mikurensis' and B. afzelii was 19% (50/261) and 22% (56/261), respectively. The prevalence of 'Candidatus N. mikurensis' increased significantly during the sampling season. The clearance rate of 'Candidatus N. mikurensis' was significantly higher than that of B. afzelii. We found a high frequency of double infections; 46% of all samples infected with 'Candidatus N. mikurensis' also had a co-infection with B. afzelii. The frequency of co-infections was significantly higher than expected from the prevalence of each pathogen. The high level of co-infections can be caused by interactions between the pathogens or might reflect variation in general susceptibility among voles.
|
|
| 40. |
- Andersson, M. L. E., et al.
(författare)
-
Diurnal variation in serum levels of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in patients with knee osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 65:11, s. 1490-1494
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To monitor changes in serum concentrations of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) during a 24-h period to determine any diurnal variation, and to estimate the half life of COMP in the circulation in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis and in those with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: Serum samples were drawn every 4 h (7 samples/patient over 24 h) in 10 patients with knee osteoarthritis and 14 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoarthritis was defined radiographically and clinically (American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria) and rheumatoid arthritis according to the 1987 ACR criteria. Serum COMP was measured by sandwich ELISA. A statistical model for the diurnal variation in the COMP levels was developed using the computer program NONMEM. Results: No considerable changes in COMP levels were observed during the day between 08:00 and 21:00 in either group. A significant decrease in serum COMP was apparent during bed rest at night, reaching the lowest levels between 04:00 and 05:00 (p < 0.03 or better v all other time points) in patients with osteoarthritis and in those with rheumatoid arthritis. From the rate of decreasing serum COMP levels, a putative half life of COMP in the circulation was estimated to be 7.4 h. Conclusion: During normal daytime activities, serum COMP levels are constant. The decrease during the night indicates a rapid elimination of COMP once it has reached the circulation. The stable COMP levels during the day suggest that it is not necessary to further standardise the time of serum sampling in clinical practice.
|
|
| 41. |
- Andersson, Matilda L., et al.
(författare)
-
Habitat coupling is modified by dissolved organic carbon but not temperature in lake ecosystems
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Generalist predators play an essential role in lake ecosystems by linking spatially distinct habitats, a process known as habitat coupling. By eating a wide array of resources and moving between littoral and pelagic habitats, they link food webs and provide critical habitat stability. As climate change is expected to affect ecosystem stability, our attention should focus on how habitat coupling in these predator-stabilized systems is altered by climate change.Expected climate change effects in boreal regions are increases in temperature and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. Therefore, we used stable isotopes and a space-for-time approach to examine the impact of DOC and temperature on resource use in a generalist predator, European perch (Perca fluviatilis), in 17 lakes in Sweden and Germany. We found that the impact of DOC on habitat coupling depended on fish ecotype, while both ecotypes showed increases in pelagic resource use, this will increase coupling by littoral fish, while decreasing coupling by pelagic fish. Though we found no direct effect of temperature on resource use, we did find that fish size, which decreases with warming, has an impact. We show that in the future, as fish size decreases and DOC increases, generalist predators will couple habitats less and have a more narrow dietary niche width. This shows that while perch will respond flexibly to changes in resource availability, stability may decrease in the process.
|
|
| 42. |
- Andersson, Matilda L., et al.
(författare)
-
The interaction between metabolic rate, habitat choice, and resource use in a polymorphic freshwater species
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2045-7758. ; 12:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. Resource polymorphism is common across taxa and can result in alternate ecotypes with specific morphologies, feeding modes, and behaviours that increase performance in a specific habitat. This can result in high intraspecific variation in the expression of specific traits and the extent to which these traits are correlated within a single population. Although metabolic rate influences resource acquisition and the overall pace of life of individuals it is not clear how metabolic rate interact with the larger suite of traits to ultimately determine individual fitness.2. We examined the relationship between metabolic rates and the major differences (habitat use, morphology, and resource use) between littoral and pelagic ecotypes of European perch (Perca fluviatilis) from a single lake in Central Sweden.3. Standard metabolic rate (SMR) was significantly higher in pelagic perch but did not correlate with resource use or morphology. Maximum metabolic rate (MMR) was not correlated with any of our explanatory variables or with SMR. Aerobic scope (AS) showed the same pattern as SMR, differing across habitats, but contrary to expectations was lower in pelagic perch.4. This study helps to establish a framework for future experiments further exploring the drivers of intraspecific differences in metabolism. In addition, since metabolic rates scale with temperature and determine predator energy requirements, our observed differences in SMR across habitats will help determine ecotype-specific vulnerabilities to climate change and differences in top-down predation pressure across habitats.
|
|
| 43. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Multiple-Strain Infections of Borrelia afzelii: A Role for Within-Host Interactions in the Maintenance of Antigenic Diversity?
- 2013
-
Ingår i: American Naturalist. - : University of Chicago Press. - 0003-0147 .- 1537-5323. ; 181:4, s. 545-554
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetically diverse infections are common but little is known about what effects coinfecting strains have on each other in natural host-parasite systems. To explore the nature and consequences of interactions in the wild, we studied the tick-transmitted bacterium Borrelia afzelii in one of its main reservoir hosts, the bank vole Myodes glareolus. We measured overall infection intensity with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and resolved the composition of multiple infections using strain-specific PCR assays targeting the ospC gene (which encodes an immunodominant surface protein). We found seven different strains, as defined by ospC genotype. There was little evidence for interactions affecting infection intensities, but strains were highly aggregated (i.e., there were more multiple infections than expected from random co-occurrence). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the difference at the amino acid level between two OspC types and their degree of association. Overall, the observed patterns suggest that facilitation is more important than competition in this system and that more diverse infections have an advantage in establishing and/or maintaining infection. We propose that this advantage is one of the factors that favors antigenic diversity.
|
|
| 44. |
- Andersson, Therése, 1974-
(författare)
-
Beauty Box : Filmstjärnor och skönhetskultur i det tidiga 1900-talets Sverige
- 2006
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The object of this dissertation is the relationship between film, fashion and beauty concerning different understandings of femininity, with reference to the establishment of the star system and the making of celebrity culture, and how these were expressed through magazines and commercial ads in early 20th century Sweden. The period of time framing the discussion, from fin-de-siècle and onwards with specific focus on the 1920s and 1930s, corresponds to the course of publication of the Swedish magazine Filmjournalen. Star studies and reception studies make up the theoretical framework, offering an understanding of the popular press both as a source of knowledge for and as an intermediary of fashion and style, creating a wider network of texts and images and providing a context for how films were presented for Swedish, mainly female, audiences. Spectatorship is therefore considered from the viewpoint of address, in line with Miriam Hansen’s angle, analysing how a network of texts and images, exceeding the particular film, constitutes the positions of spectators. Film stars are understood as embodying different ideas; represented, negotiated, and incorporated in already existing lines of thoughts, drawing attention to questions of media presentation, and to the ideas appearing behind the beauty ideals and the aesthetics. The discussion on stars is narrowed down to concern three particular themes - consumerism, emancipation and physiognomy - when presupposing femininity as defined by appearance; considering cosmetics and fashion as providing practical, next-to-the-skin tools in this making, while film and journalism are working on a social, discursive level. Judith Butler’s account of performance and Teresa de Lauretis’ understanding of technologies of the self are significant for this study, as well as Richard Dyer’s approach, considering film stars as articulating the business of being an individual when representing familiar ways of feeling and thinking.
|
|
| 45. |
- Andersson, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of chewing gum against postoperative ileus after pancreaticoduodenectomy - a randomized controlled trial.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: BMC research notes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1756-0500. ; 8:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Postoperative ileus is common after surgery. One non-pharmacological intervention that has shown promising results in reducing the duration of postoperative ileus is chewing gum after surgery. However, this has not been investigated in upper gastrointestinal surgery such as pancreatic surgery. Hence the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chewing gum treatment on patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy ad modum whipple due to pancreatic or periampullary cancer.
|
|
| 46. |
- Andersson, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Health is belonging: Lived experiences during recovery after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: ISRN nursing. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-5483 .- 2090-5491. ; :Article ID 602323
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of the symptoms, health, and illness reported by patients recovering after pancreaticoduodenectomy ad modum Whipple due to pancreatic or periampullary cancer. Thirteen patients with pancreatic or periampullary cancer who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy ad modum Whipple between 2006 and 2008 were interviewed during postoperative recovery. Data were analysed using the phenomenological-hermeneutic method. The structural analysis of patient experiences revealed that recovery after pancreaticoduodenectomy was described as recapturing everyday life, being healthy, and looking to the future. Participants experienced symptoms but did not dwell on them, instead they stated that their general health was good. They strived to regain their former precancer selves and be a part of as well as contribute to the social context. Overall, the participants’ view of the future was positive, and improvement in their health generated further confidence and encouragement. This study suggests that persons recovering from pancreaticoduodenectomy ad modum Whipple due to a pancreatic or periampullary tumour experience health despite postoperative symptoms. They manage their symptoms by means of different strategies and express a positive view of the future. Nurses working with such patients should adopt a person-centred approach focusing on patient perspectives, participation, and possibilities.
|
|
| 47. |
- Andersson, Urban, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Research.chalmers.se : building the next generation research information infrastructure at Chalmers University of Technology
- 2016
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- research.chalmers.se is the new research infrastructure - repository platform and CRIS - that is currently being developed by the library at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.With the aim of eventually becoming the place for all relevant research information at the university, and built in accordance with the principles of UX (User eXperience) and agile development (SCRUM) and with a steady focus on value and continuous deliveries, research.chalmers.se is set to replace most of the current research information infrastructure at the university. It will provide new services for collecting, curating and providing quality data, as well as tools for analysis, sharing and promotion of research output by new and up-to-date means.research.chalmers.se is (or will be)- creating and preserving values - research output and data repository with qualitativedata, researcher profiles, open access.- promoting open access publishing, by proving the value of knowledge sharing, visibilityand impact as a researcher.- collecting and curating all kinds of research information, including publications,research data and information about research projects and other research activities.- built with responsive design that is adapted to current user needs. - using current standards for validity and sustainability, such as ORCID, DOI andFundRef IDs.- providing new ways of exploring and analyzing data, such as altmetrics, open APIs andvisualization tools.In the first phase (starting in 2014) a complete system for handling research project and grant information has been developed, together with integration of the local HR system for persistent and structured data about staff and organisation.In the current phase (2016-) repository services are being developed, such as a new publication database and a new digital repository, along with services for sharing and collecting data.The next phase(s) will include handling of research data, research activities, learning objects and tools for bibliometric analysis.This poster will show some of the current and future features and the principles of UX and agile development, as well as the experiences of moving out of the comfort zone and dealing with new, non-publication related data, while sustaining and enhancing existing data and current services. It will discuss the challenges and possible solutions, when handling different kinds of research information for use and re-use, in the long run enabling the comprehension of the big picture of research at Chalmers University of Technology.
|
|
| 48. |
- Arbyn, Marc, et al.
(författare)
-
Cervical cytology biobanking in Europe
- 2010
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Biological Markers. - : SAGE Publications. - 0393-6155 .- 1724-6008. ; 25:3, s. 117-125
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A cervical cytology biobank (CCB) is an extension of current cytopathology laboratory practice consisting in the systematic storage of Pap smears or liquid-based cytology samples from women participating in cervical cancer screening with the explicit purpose to facilitate future scientific research and quality audit of preventive services. A CCB should use an internationally agreed uniform cytology terminology, be integrated in a national or regional screening registry, and be linked to other registries (histology, cancer, vaccination). Legal and ethical principles concerning personal integrity and data safety must be respected strictly. Biobank-based studies require approval of ethical review boards. A CCB is an almost inexhaustible resource for fundamental and applied biological research. In particular, it can contribute to answering questions on the natural history of HPV infection and HPV-induced lesions and cancers, screening effectiveness, exploration of new biomarkers, and surveillance of the short- and long-term effects of the introduction of HPV vaccination. To understand the limitations of CCB, more studies are needed on the quality of samples in relation to sample type, storage procedures, and duration of storage.
|
|
| 49. |
- Berg, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
-
The Role of Learning Support and Chat-Sessions in Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents With Anxiety: A Factorial Design Study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-0640. ; 11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Increased awareness of anxiety in adolescents emphasises the need for effective interventions. Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) could be a resource-effective and evidence-based treatment option, but little is known about how to optimize ICBT or which factors boost outcomes. Recently, the role of knowledge in psychotherapy has received increased focus. Further, chat-sessions are of interest when trying to optimize ICBT for youths. This study aimed to evaluate the role of learning support and chat-sessions during ICBT for adolescent anxiety, using a factorial design. Method A total of 120 adolescents were randomised to one of four treatment groups, in a 2x2 design with two factors: with or without learning support and/or chat-sessions. Results Anxiety and depressive symptoms were reduced (Beck Anxiety Inventory- BAI; Cohensd=0.72; Beck Depression Inventory- BDI;d=0.97). There was a main effect of learning support on BAI (d=0.38), and learning support increased knowledge gain (d =0.42). There were no main effects or interactions related to the chat-sessions. Treatment effects were maintained at 6-months, but the added effect of learning support had by then vanished. Conclusion ICBT can be an effective alternative when treating adolescents with anxiety. Learning support could be of importance to enhance short-term treatment effects, and should be investigated further.
|
|
| 50. |
- Bergkvist, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Odlingsmaterialet
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Rapporter från Jordbearbetningsavdelningen, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet. ; , s. 26-42
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
