| 1. |
- Drobin, Kimi, et al.
(författare)
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Targeted Analysis of Serum Proteins Encoded at Known Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk Loci
- 2019
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Ingår i: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. - : Oxford University Press. - 1078-0998 .- 1536-4844. ; 25:2, s. 306-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Few studies have investigated the blood proteome of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We characterized the serum abundance of proteins encoded at 163 known IBD risk loci and tested these proteins for their biomarker discovery potential.Methods: Based on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) antibody availability, 218 proteins from genes mapping at 163 IBD risk loci were selected. Targeted serum protein profiles from 49 Crohn's disease (CD) patients, 51 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, and 50 sex- and age-matched healthy individuals were obtained using multiplexed antibody suspension bead array assays. Differences in relative serum abundance levels between disease groups and controls were examined. Replication was attempted for CD-UC comparisons (including disease subtypes) by including 64 additional patients (33 CD and 31 UC). Antibodies targeting a potentially novel risk protein were validated by paired antibodies, Western blot, immuno-capture mass spectrometry, and epitope mapping.Results: By univariate analysis, 13 proteins mostly related to neutrophil, T-cell, and B-cell activation and function were differentially expressed in IBD patients vs healthy controls, 3 in CD patients vs healthy controls and 2 in UC patients vs healthy controls (q < 0.01). Multivariate analyses further differentiated disease groups from healthy controls and CD subtypes from UC (P < 0.05). Extended characterization of an antibody targeting a novel, discriminative serum marker, the laccase (multicopper oxidoreductase) domain containing 1 (LACC1) protein, provided evidence for antibody on-target specificity.Conclusions: Using affinity proteomics, we identified a set of IBD-associated serum proteins encoded at IBD risk loci. These candidate proteins hold the potential to be exploited as diagnostic biomarkers of IBD.
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| 2. |
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Anneli, 1963-
(författare)
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Vi blev antagligen för många : Könskränkande behandling i akademisk miljö
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study is to further the theoretical understanding of gender harassment. I suggest an approach and a theoretical model that answers the question of how to understand and describe gender harassment both in terms of specific actions taken against an individual because of gender and the combined actions that constitute a gender harassment process. Due to the fact that gender harassment takes place in a structure and that the perpetrator needs structural support to be able to harass, the model considers existing power relationships at the workplace, i.e. how gender harassment reflects the distribution of power and structural behaviour of men and women. As my empirical material indicate aggressive behaviour and fear it is crucial to raise the issue of violence and to consider to what extent gender harassment is expressed av violence in the workplace. The empirical material contains broad-based and in-depth narratives about a kind of situation that is not well defined in the extant literature or elsewhere. It is essentially unknown whether gender harassment takes place to the same extent as sexual harassment. Even though quite a few narratives about daily working life bear witness of such situations they have remained largely undefined and little understood. In the present study, a combination of feministic organization theory about powerstructures at the workplace and violence theory is used to broaden the picture and to develop an instrument for understanding narratives about gender harassment. The results from the analysis, drawing upon material from practical gender equality work at a university and four in-depth interviews with victims of gender harassment, suggest that a combination of feministic organization theory and violence theory is fruitful for understanding the phenomenon of gender harassment. It is suggested that the proposed theoretical model offers a first but important step towards identifying and preventing gender harassment at the workplace.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Surveillance of indeterminate pulmonary nodules detected with CT in a Swedish population-based study (SCAPIS) : Psychosocial consequences and impact on health-related quality of life - A multicentre prospective cross-sectional study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 11:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate whether surveillance of pulmonary nodules detected with low-dose CT (LDCT) impacted health-related quality of life and psychosocial consequences in the Swedish population-based study, Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS).Design: A prospective cross-sectional study.Settings and participants: This multicentre (five sites) observational study, which included a cohort from SCAPIS, consisted of 632 participants with indeterminate pulmonary nodules detected with LDCT. These participants continued surveillance for up to 36 months, during which lung cancer was not detected (surveillance group). Additionally, 972 participants with a negative pulmonary LDCT scan were included as a control group. Matching criteria were LDCT date (±2 weeks), gender and site.Outcome measures: All participants completed a health-related quality of life questionnaire (RAND-36) and the Consequences of Screening (COS) questionnaire, an average of 3 years after LDCT was conducted at entry into SCAPIS.Results: Participants were 51-70 years old at study commencement. Overall, the two groups did not differ in demographic or psychosocial variables, smoking habits or pulmonary medical history. Individuals from countries other than Sweden and those with low socioeconomic status were less likely to participate (p<0.001). No effects on health-related quality of life were observed via RAND-36. In COS, the surveillance group demonstrated a higher OR for anxiety about lung cancer (OR 3.96, 95% CI 2.35 to 6.66, p<0.001), experiencing a sense of dejection (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.72, p=0.015) and thoughts about existential values (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.60, p=0.018).Conclusions: Lung surveillance with LDCT contributed to significant experiences of sense of dejection, anxiety about lung cancer and development of thoughts about existential values among participants in the surveillance group compared with the controls. The risk of side effects should be communicated for informed decision-making about (non-)attendance in lung cancer screening.
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| 11. |
- Andersson, Margaretha, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of Surface-Modified Nanoparticles for in Vivo Biointeraction. A Sedimentation Field Flow Fractionation Study
- 2005
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Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. ; 77, s. 5488-5493
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sedimentation field flow fractionation (SdFFF) is an emerging high-performance analytical tool for separation and determination of size and adsorption characteristics of colloidal particles. This study demonstrates how SdFFF can be used to characterize nanoparticles prepared for in vivo applications including (1) the quantification of polymer uptake on nanoparticles where surface coverage is crucial and (2) the coupling of cell adhesive peptides containing the Arg-Gly-Asp motif (RGD). Quantitative information about polymer adhesion in order to prepare a bioinert surface and an accurate determination of ligand uptake are both of obvious importance for the understanding of, for example, relations between the number of attached molecules for biointeraction and an observed therapeutic effect. In addition, the present work highlights the necessity to perform careful characterization of commercially available particulate starting materials, in terms of size and polydispersity, prior to biological experimentation.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Andersson, Margaretha, et al.
(författare)
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Surface attachment of nanoparticles using oligonucleotides
- 2004
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Ingår i: Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. ; 34, s. 165-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colloidal polymer particles are widely used in a variety of applications ranging from chromatography to surface modified bioreactors in protein arrays. In the present study, surface attachment of polystyrene particles to a polystyrene substrate has been p
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| 14. |
- Andersson, Niklas
(författare)
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När vårdande och lärande sammanfaller : Patienters, studenters och handledares erfarenheter av möten på en utbildningsvårdavdelning inom psykiatrisk vård
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- When students learn caring during clinical practice, the usual point of departure is thatcaring and learning coexist, as separate and parallel phenomena. There is, however, a needto study how caring and learning relate to one another, as well as when and how theyconverge. The aim of this dissertation is to describe how caring and learning converge inthe encounters between students and patients, in a dedicated educational unit withinpsychiatric care, as experienced by students, patients, and supervisors. Describing howsupervisory support can facilitate this is another aim. A reflective lifeworld approach basedon phenomenological philosophy has been applied. Data were collected through interviews,participant observations with follow-up interviews, and narrative diaries.The result shows that caring and learning converge in those encounters between studentsand patients which are characterized by reciprocity, wherein the patient’s narrative is thepoint of departure, complemented by the student’s listening and inquiring attitude. It ishere, that the desire for and pursuit of health and understanding, give the reciprocalinteraction power. The common desire of those involved to know, to become accustomedto the new and unfamiliar, as well as the presence of a feeling of responsibility for oneanother, create questions which in turn create opportunities wherein students and patientsare available to one another.The dissertation shows that learning in a caring context can be complex. Despite theirbeing prerequisites for one another, competition and conflicts can occur when the caringand learning perspectives are not equally attended to. When they are placed counter to oneanother, there is a risk that reciprocal interaction is hindered, which can cause loneliness forall involved. For convergence to occur most propitiously, those involved must exist in acaring and learning togetherness. Responsible and present supervisors are needed, whocreate possibilities for the perspectives to converge through maintenance and monitoring, sothat caring and learning receive equal space.A didactic concept has been developed based on the dissertation’s result, focusing on themeaning of creating forums where students’, patients’, and supervisors’ caringconsiderations and reflections can intertwine.
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| 15. |
- Andersson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Patient experiences of being cared for by nursing students in a psychiatric education unit
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nordic journal of nursing research. - : Sage Publications. - 2057-1585 .- 2057-1593. ; 40:3, s. 142-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients are vital for student learning. However, research has primarily focused on student nurse learning from a student or supervisor perspective; few studies have investigated patient perspectives. This study examines student care practice for patients in acute psychiatric day care. The aim was to describe patients’ experiences of care by student nurses in a psychiatric education unit, a collaboration between the clinic and academia. Data were collected through 17 lifeworld interviews with patients, of which 10 also included observations. Data have been analysed for meanings using reflective, lifeworld research (RLR). The findings reveal that the encounters involve an interactive process of giving and receiving, providing students with both health opportunities and risks. The findings can further be described by the following constituents: exposed and vulnerable; responsibility to support; the importance of accessibility; reciprocity; and engagement that evokes the desire to live a life with dignity. In a patient–student community, there are prerequisites for proper caring. Patient health seems to be positively affected when patients are involved in both their own care and student learning.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Andersson, Per Ola, et al.
(författare)
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A Novel ATR-FTIR Approach for Characterisation and Identification of Ex Situ Immobilised Species
- 2007
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Ingår i: ChemPhysChem. - : Wiley. - 1439-4235 .- 1439-7641. ; 8:5, s. 712-722
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We demonstrate a novel method to analyse ex situ prepared protein chips by attenuated total reflection Fourier IR spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), which circumvents tedious functionalisation steps of internal reflection elements (IREs), and simultaneously allows for complementary measurements by other analytical techniques. This concept is proven by utilising immobilised metal affinity capture (IMACTM) chips containing about 10 m thick films of copolymers coated with nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) groups, which originally was manufactured for surface enhanced laser desorption ionisation (SELDI) spectrometry. Three immobilisation steps were analysed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy: 1) NTA complexation with nickel(II) ions 2) binding of two histidine (His)-tagged synthetic peptides of 25 (25-His6) and 48 (48-His6) amino acids to the NTA-groups and 3) attachment of a ligand, mesyl amide, to the surface-bound 48-His6. Despite interference from H2O, both amide I and II were well resolved. Utilising peptide adsorption in the thick copolymer matrix yields a high saturation peptide concentration of 100 mg mL-1 and a dissociation constant of 116±11 M, as determined by a detailed analysis of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The mesyl amide ligand was directly seen in the raw ATR-FTIR spectrum with specific peaks in the fingerprint region at 1172 and 1350 cm-1. Several aspects of the fine structure of the amide I band of the peptide were analysed: influences from secondary structure, amino side chains and competing contamination product. We believe that this approach has great potential as a stand-alone or complementary analytical tool for determination of the chemical composition of functionalised surfaces. We emphasise further that with this approach no chemical treatment of IREs is needed; the chips can be regenerated and reused, and applied in other experimental set-ups.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Barregård, Lars, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Cadmium Exposure and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study of Swedish Middle-Aged Adults
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environmental health perspectives. - 1552-9924 .- 0091-6765. ; 129:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The general population is ubiquitously exposed to the toxic metal cadmium through the diet and smoking. Cadmium exposure is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in myocardial infarction and stroke. Atherosclerosis is the main underlying mechanism of myocardial infarction. However, associations between cadmium and coronary artery atherosclerosis have not been examined.Our study sought to examine the hypothesis that blood cadmium (B-Cd) is positively associated with coronary artery calcification, as a measure of coronary artery atherosclerosis in the population-based Swedish SCAPIS study.Our analysis included 5,627 individuals (51% women), age 50-64 y, enrolled from 2013 to 2018. The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) was obtained from computed tomography. Blood cadmium was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Associations between B-Cd and coronary artery calcium score (CACS Agatston score) were evaluated using prevalence ratios (PRs) in models adjusted for sex, age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, low-density cholesterol/high-density cholesterol ratio, and family history.The median B-Cd concentration was 0.24 μ g / L . The prevalence of positive coronary artery calcium ( CACS > 0 ) was 41% and the prevalence of CACS ≥ 100 was 13%. Relative to the lowest quartile (Q) of B-Cd ( < 0.16 μ g / L ), the highest quartile (median 0.63 μ g / L ) was associated with a small but significant increase in CACS > 0 (PR 1.1; 95% CI: 1.0, 1.3), and a greater relative increase in CACS ≥ 100 (PR 1.6; 95% CI: 1.3, 2.0). When restricted to 2,446 never-smokers, corresponding PRs were 1.1 (95% CI 0.9, 1.3) for CACS > 0 (63 cases in Q4) and 1.7 (95% CI 1.1, 2.7) for CACS ≥ 100 (17 cases in Q4).Blood cadmium in the highest quartile was associated with CACS in a general population sample with low to moderate cadmium exposure. This supports the hypothesis that atherosclerosis is an important mechanism underlying the associations between cadmium and incident cardiovascular disease. The findings suggest that public health measures to reduce cadmium exposure are warranted. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8523.
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| 21. |
- Böttiger, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Development and pilot testing of PHARAO-a decision support system for pharmacological risk assessment in the elderly
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 0031-6970 .- 1432-1041. ; 74:3, s. 365-371
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study are to describe the development of PHARAO (Pharmacological Risk Assessment Online), a decision support system providing a risk profile for adverse events, associated with combined effects of multiple medicines, and to present data from a pilot study, testing the use, functionality, and acceptance of the PHARAO system in a clinical setting. About 1400 substances were scored in relation to their risk to cause any of nine common and/or serious adverse effects. Algorithms for each adverse effect score were developed to create individual risk profiles from the patients list of medication. The system was tested and integrated to the electronic medical record, during a 4-month period in two geriatric wards and three primary healthcare centers, and a questionnaire was answered by the users before and after the test period. A total of 732 substances were tagged with one or more of the nine risks, most commonly with the risk of sedation or seizures. During the pilot, the system was used 933 times in 871 patients. The most common signals generated by PHARAO in these patients were related to the risks of constipation, sedation, and bleeding. A majority of responders considered PHARAO easy to use and that it gives useful support in performing medication reviews. The PHARAO decision support system, designed as a complement to a database on drug-drug interactions used nationally, worked as intended and was appreciated by the users during a 4-month test period. Integration aspects need to be improved to minimize unnecessary signaling.
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| 22. |
- Dahlman, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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A unique role of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 among chemokines in adipose tissue of obese subjects
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 90:10, s. 5834-5840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue may contribute to insulin resistance in obesity. However, the roles of individual inflammatory mediators in adipose tissue are poorly understood. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine which inflammation markers are most overexpressed at the gene level in adipose tissue in human obesity and how this relates to corresponding protein secretion. Design: We examined gene expression profiles in 17 lean and 20 obese subjects. The secretory pattern of relevant corresponding proteins was examined in human sc adipose tissue or isolated fat cells in vitro and in vivo in several obese or lean cohorts. Results: In ranking gene expression, defined pathways associated with obesity and immune and defense responses scored high. Among seven markedly overexpressed chemokines, only monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) was released from adipose tissue and isolated fat cells in vitro. In obesity, the secretion and expression of MCP1 in adipose tissue pieces were more than 6- and 2-fold increased, respectively, but there was no change in circulating MCP1 levels. There was no net release of MCP1, but there was a net release of leptin, in vivo from adipose tissue into the circulation. Conclusions: Obesity is associated with the increased expression of several chemokine genes in adipose tissue. However, only MCP1 is secreted into the extracellular space, where it primarily acts as a local factor, because little or no spillover into the circulation occurs. MCP1 influences the function of adipocytes, is a recruitment factor for macrophages, and may be a crucial link among chemokines between adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance.
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| 23. |
- Doring, Nora, et al.
(författare)
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Primary prevention of childhood obesity through counselling sessions at Swedish child health centres : design, methods and baseline sample characteristics of the PRIMROSE cluster-randomised trial
- 2014
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 14:335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Childhood obesity is a growing concern in Sweden. Children with overweight and obesity run a high risk of becoming obese as adults, and are likely to develop comorbidities. Despite the immense demand, there is still a lack of evidence-based comprehensive prevention programmes targeting pre-school children and their families in primary health care settings. The aims are to describe the design and methodology of the PRIMROSE cluster-randomised controlled trial, assess the relative validity of a food frequency questionnaire, and describe the baseline characteristics of the eligible young children and their mothers. Methods/Design: The PRIMROSE trial targets first-time parents and their children at Swedish child health centres (CHC) in eight counties in Sweden. Randomisation is conducted at the CHC unit level. CHC nurses employed at the participating CHC received training in carrying out the intervention alongside their provision of regular services. The intervention programme, starting when the child is 8-9 months of age and ending at age 4, is based on social cognitive theory and employs motivational interviewing. Primary outcomes are children's body mass index and waist circumference at four years. Secondary outcomes are children's and mothers' eating habits (assessed by a food frequency questionnaire), and children's and mothers' physical activity (measured by accelerometer and a validated questionnaire), and mothers' body mass index and waist circumference. Discussion: The on-going population-based PRIMROSE trial, which targets childhood obesity, is embedded in the regular national (routine) preventive child health services that are available free-of-charge to all young families in Sweden. Of the participants (n = 1369), 489 intervention and 550 control mothers (75.9%) responded to the validated physical activity and food frequency questionnaire at baseline (i.e., before the first intervention session, or, for children in the control group, before they reached 10 months of age). The food frequency questionnaire showed acceptable relative validity when compared with an 8-day food diary. We are not aware of any previous RCT, concerned with the primary prevention of childhood obesity through sessions at CHC that addresses healthy eating habits and physical activity in the context of a routine child health services programme.
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| 24. |
- Ekebergh, Margaretha, et al.
(författare)
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Intertwining of caring and learning in care practices supported by a didactic approach
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-5953. ; 31:July, s. 95-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper highlights how caring and learning interact and become an intertwined phenomenon. The analysis of the research findings from two studies, in which the interaction between caring and learning in two educational units was investigated, has been guided by a Reflective Lifeworld Research approach grounded in a lifeworld-oriented phenomenology. The analysis procedure was concluded in a synthesis of the interaction between caring and learning in a Dedicated Educational Unit (DEU) and a didactic method inspired by a lifeworld educational perspective has been developed.The results show that through trust and genuine meetings between patients and students caring and learning can converge and be intertwined. Both students and patients take an active role in the health process as well as the learning process. In order to achieve an intertwining process qualified supervision, care managers who take responsibility for a caring and learning environment and a consensus between the nursing school and the healthcare organization is required.The didactic method that can support the intertwining of caring and learning consists of three themes; genuine meetings, sensitivity for the patient's story and reflection in interaction. These themes are tools for the supervision.
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| 25. |
- Ekebergh, Margaretha, et al.
(författare)
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The encounter between Caring Science and the Lifeworld
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Scientific knowledge is characterized by abstract descriptions and structures which are not identical to the lived reality. Scientific knowledge cannot directly be applied on the lived existence, without being transformed and adjusted to the individual’s very complex lifeworld. Learning in caring contexts is an encounter between the scientific knowledge of caring and the learner’s lifeworld. This encounter needs a support that has the potential to bring caring science to life and to start an intertwining process with the lifeworld that creates embodied knowledge. Lifeworld didactics are built on an approach about learning as an individual process and that learning takes its point of departure in the learner’s previous experiences, which accompanies the learning process. The challenges within lifeworld didactics is to be open and sensitive to the learner’s lifeworld and with tact support the development of a reflective attitude in the learning process. Lifeworld didactics strategies are of crucial importance in different caring contexts. This paper presents three lifeworld led phenomenological research projects that have focused on acquiring caring science knowledge in caring contexts, more precisely it is the encounter between caring science and the lifeworld. The research is within the framework of lifeworld didactics, but the three projects each have a special focus. The first illustrates how the learning and caring processes merge and become an intertwined phenomenon in nursing students’ learning. The research is carried out in Dedicated Educational Units (DEU), within psychiatric and orthopedic care. Three perspectives are illustrated in the project; that of the students, the supervisors and the patients. The overall aim is to develop a supervision model that has the potential to support the students’ learning processes as well as the patients’ caring processes. The second illustrates how the concepts ‘patient perspective’ and ‘patient participation’ can be implemented in a clinical setting for elderly patients in order to improve the quality of care. This project is inspired by Participatory Action Research and is built on collaboration between the university and the health care services. The aim is to develop reflective educational material in terms of filmed drama episodes, based on the result of two studies about elderly patients’ participation in team meetings. The third illustrates the perspective of lifeworld didactics in two phenomenological studies that focus on Students` learning in an encounter with patients and Students` learning on the way to becoming professional - supported by supervision in pairs of students. The findings show patterns of essential meanings that have specific significance in the art of supporting students` learning in clinical education. These are; the significance of responsibility, its extent and shape in relation to the supervisor’s ability to adopt a reflective supervising attitude and to be supportive enough but at the same time to not assume the responsibility. The learning process shows to be a challenge for students, where safety in pairs of students has a great significance when coping with the challenge to learn and develop.
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| 26. |
- Ekebergh, Margaretha, et al.
(författare)
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The Encounter between Caring Sciences and the Lifeworld : The Art of Making Knowledge Alive and Embodied
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scientific knowledge is characterized by abstract descriptions and structures, which are not identical to the lived reality. Scientific knowledge cannot directly be applied on the lived existence, without being transformed and adjusted to the individual’s very complex lifeworld. Learning in caring contexts is an encounter between the scientific knowledge of caring and the learner’s lifeworld. This encounter needs a support that has the potential to bring caring science to life and to start an intertwining process with the lifeworld that creates embodied knowledge. Lifeworld didactics are built on an approach about learning as an individual process and that learning takes its point of departure in the learner’s previous experiences, which accompanies the learning process. The challenges within lifeworld didactics are to be open and sensitive to the learner’s lifeworld and with tact support the development of a reflective attitude in the learning process. Lifeworld didactics strategies are of crucial importance in different caring contexts. This symposium presents three lifeworld led phenomenological research projects that have focused on acquiring caring science knowledge in caring contexts, more precisely it is the encounter between caring science and the lifeworld. The research is within the framework of lifeworld didactics, but the three projects each have a special focus.
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| 27. |
- Eskilsson, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Is caring and learning an intertwined Phenomenon?
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This research aims to deepen knowledge whether caring and learning are an intertwined phenomenon in Dedicated Educational Units (DEU). The context is psychiatric and orthopaedic care, and the research is based on caring science.The research question is this: What characterizes the relationship between caring and learning in a DEU? This will be illuminated from three perspectives; the student, supervisor and patient perspectives.The question for the student is this: What is it like to learn the nursing profession by caring for patients on a DEU? The question for the supervisor is this: What is it like to supervise nursing students on a DEU? And the final question is directed at the patient: What is it like to be cared for by nursing students in a DEU?The underpinning philosophical and theoretical perspectives are lifeworld theory, caring science and its didactics.The aim of this project is to develop a supervision model that views caring and learning as an intertwined concept with the potential to support students‟ learning processes as well as patients‟ caring processes.
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| 28. |
- Eskilsson, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge for Caring Science– Directions and Options
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This research aims to deepen knowledge whether caring and learning are an intertwined phenomenon in Dedicated Educational Units (DEU). The context is psychiatric and orthopaedic care, and the research is based on caring science.The research question is this: What characterizes the relationship between caring and learning in a DEU? This will be illuminated from three perspectives; the student, supervisor and patient perspectives.The question for the student is this: What is it like to learn the nursing profession by caring for patients on a DEU? The question for the supervisor is this: What is it like to supervise nursing students on a DEU? And the final question is directed at the patient: What is it like to be cared for by nursing students in a DEU?The underpinning philosophical and theoretical perspectives are lifeworld theory, caring science and its didactics.The aim of this project is to develop a supervision model that views caring and learning as an intertwined concept with the potential to support students‟ learning processes as well as patients‟ caring processes.
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| 29. |
- Fromell, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Nanoparticle decorated surfaces with potential use in glycosylation analysis
- 2005
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Ingår i: Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. ; 46, s. 84–91-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A majority of all biologically active proteins are glycosylated and various diseases have proven to correlate with alterations in protein glycosylation. Sensitive identification of different glycoprotein glycoforms is therefore of great diagnostic value. Here we describe a method with potential for glycoprotein profiling, based on lectins as capture probes immobilized on particulate substrates in the nm-range. The nanoparticles present high concentrations of attachment sites for specific ligands and cause minimal steric hindrance to binding. In the present model study the mannose-binding lectin ConA has been coupled to polystyrene nanoparticles via a poly(ethyleneoxide) linker which protects the protein conformation and activity and prevents unspecific protein adsorption. The ConA-coated particles are accommodated at different spots on the analytical surface via oligonucleotide linkage. This attachment, which relies on the hybridization of complementary oligonucleotides, allows firm fixation of the particles at specific positions. The ConA attached to the particles has retained conformation and activity and binds selectively to a series of different glycoproteins. The results indicate the potential for using a multi-lectin nanoparticle array in glycoprotein mapping.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Gullberg, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Cell Adhesion Molecules in the Human Follicle-Associated Epithelium That Improve Nanoparticle Uptake into the Peyer's Patches
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. - : American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET). - 0022-3565 .- 1521-0103. ; 319:2, s. 632-639
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to identify cell adhesion molecules that could serve as targets of the human follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) overlying Peyer's patches and to assess nanoparticle uptake levels across this epithelium. We first studied the expression of the mouse M-cell marker beta(1)-integrin and used a model of human FAE derived from intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells and Raji B-cells to identify additional potential targets by cDNA array. The protein expression of potential targets in the model FAE and in human ileal FAE tissues was quantified by immunofluorescence. Integrin targeting was studied by investigating the transport of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-coated (integrin- binding), Arg-Gly-Glu (RGE)-coated (nonintegrin-binding), and uncoated nanoparticles across ileal specimens mounted in Ussing chambers. Both beta(1)-integrin and the cell adhesion molecule CD9 were more abundantly expressed in the model and human FAE compared with the Caco-2 control cells or villus epithelium (VE). Uncoated nanoparticles were not taken up across either FAE or VE. General integrin targeting with RGD improved the nanoparticle transport dramatically across the FAE and to a lower extent across the VE. Compared with RGE, RGD improved transport 4-fold across the FAE. There was no difference in the transport of RGD- and RGE-coated nanoparticles across the VE. In conclusion, beta(1)-integrin and CD9 were identified as targets in human FAE. The difference in RGD- and RGE-mediated transport across the FAE, but not the VE, suggests that a specific integrin interaction was the dominating mechanism for improved nanoparticle uptake across the FAE., whereas charge interaction contributed substantially to the improved VE uptake.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Hallander, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Seroprevalence of pertussis antitoxin (anti-PT) in Sweden before and 10 years after the introduction of a universal childhood pertussis vaccination program
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - New York, USA : Wiley. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 117:12, s. 912-922
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevalence of IgG ELISA antibodies against pertussis toxin (anti-PT) was studied in two Swedish seroepidemiological studies. One was performed in 1997 when the new pertussis vaccination program was 1 year old (n = 3420). In 2007, when Pa vaccines had been used countrywide for 10 years in the universal child vaccination program, this study was repeated to analyze the effect of vaccination on anti-PT prevalence (n = 2379). Before the statistical analysis of seroprevalence, children vaccinated within the last 2 years before the serosurveys were excluded. The results indicate a reduced exposure to Bordetella pertussis in the population. The proportion of sera without measurable anti-PT antibodies increased significantly, aggregated over all comparable age groups, from 3.8% in people sampled in 1997 to 16.3% in people sampled in 2007. For cord blood, 1% was without measurable anti-PT antibodies in 1997 compared to a significantly higher level, 12%, in 2007. With anti-PT concentrations of ≥50 and ≥100 EU/ml as cutoff points for 'recent infection' the proportion above the cutoff points for younger children was significantly higher in 1997 than in 2007 at both cutoff points. For all adults, 20 years of age and older, the difference in proportions above the lower cutoff point was close to statistically significant, comparing 1997 with 2007. This was not the case at 100 EU/ml. In the 1997 samples of children, there was a significant downward trend of 'recent infections' at both cutoff points for three sampled age groups between 5 and 15 years of age from 21% at 5.0–5.5 years of age to 7% at 14.7–15.7 years for the lowest cutoff. In the 2007 samples of children, on the contrary, there was a significant continuous upward trend of 'recent infections', at both cutoff points, for four sampled age groups between 4 and 18 years of age – from 4% at 4–5 years of age to 16% at 17–18 years at the lowest cutoff. The continuous increase, with age of children with high anti-PT concentrations, supports the recent change in the general Swedish childhood vaccination program to include a pre-school booster at 5–6 years and a school-leaving booster at 14–16 years of age.
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| 34. |
- Håkansson, Anna Schröder, et al.
(författare)
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Early phase clinical trials in pediatric oncology : Swedish pediatric oncologists’ experiences of balancing hope and expectations in life-threatening illnesses
- 2024
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Oncology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2234-943X. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To study Swedish pediatric oncologists’ practical and emotional experiences of referring, including and/or treating children in early-phase clinical trials.Methods: A nationwide study was conducted using a mixed-method approach. Structured interviews based on a study-specific questionnaire and participants’ personal reflections were utilized. Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while participants’ comments were analyzed using thematic analysis. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim.Results: In total, 29 physicians with 4 to 32 years of experience in pediatric oncology participated, with 19 (66%) having > 10 years of experience. Three themes appeared: 1) Optimization-based approach focused on finding the most suitable treatment and care for every child with a refractory/relapsed cancer eligible for an early-phase clinical trial; 2) Team-based approach aimed at establishing local and national consensus in decision-making for treatment options, including early-phase clinical trials and palliative care; 3) Family-based approach in which the physicians provided families with actionable information, listened to their desires, and endeavored to maintain hope in challenging circumstances. Several participants (40% with ≤ 10 years of experience and 58% with > 10 years of experience) viewed the early-phase clinical trial as a potential “chance of cure”. A majority (80%) of physicians with ≤ 10 years of experience, reported that they often or always felt personally and emotionally affected by communication regarding early-phase clinical trials. Delivering difficult news in cases of uncertain prognosis was identified as the major challenge. None of the study participants felt adequately prepared in terms of sufficient knowledge and experience regarding early-phase clinical trials. The physicians expressed a need for guidance and training in communication to address these challenges.Conclusions: Working with early-phase clinical trials highlight a field where physicians cannot solely rely on their expertise or past experiences, and where they are likely to be deeply emotionally involved. Physicians who care for children eligible for such studies require targeted educational initiatives and supervision.
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| 35. |
- Hörberg, Ulrica, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Lifeworld-led learning takes place in the encounter between caring science and the lifeworld
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Nursing Studies. - : Sciedu Press. - 2324-7959 .- 2324-7940. ; 2:3, s. 107-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning in caring contexts could be illustrated as an encounter between the scientific knowledge of caring and thelearner’s lifeworld. This encounter needs a support that has the potential to bring caring science to life and to start anintertwining process with the lifeworld that creates embodied knowledge. The aim of this article is to illustrate themeaning of this encounter with help of a theoretical foundation and two examples of research projects with a reflective lifeworld research approach (RLR) founded on phenomenology. Both examples describe the student nurses’ perspective.One illustrates promoting learning through lifeworld-led supervision in pairs of students. The other illustrates learning environments that bridges the gap between theory and practice. These two examples show how the intertwining of caring science theory with lived experience required a certain learning and caring atmosphere that is open and sensitive for the lifeworld. In conclusion, lifeworld-led learning is more than learning per se. Lifeworld theory as a basis for supporting students’ learning could provide both a broadened and deepened understanding of the meaning of learning and also a greater understanding of how to support students’ learning.
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| 36. |
- Jurstrand, Margaretha, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis omp1 genotypes among sexually transmitted disease patients in Sweden
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 39:11, s. 3915-3919
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for detection and genotyping of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections based on omp1 gene amplification and sequencing was developed. DNA was extracted from urogenital or urine samples using a Chelex-based method, and an approximately 1,100-bp-long fragment from the omp1 gene was directly amplified and sequenced. Genotyping was performed by BLAST similarity search, and phylogenetic tree analysis was used to illustrate the evolutionary relationships between clinical isolates and reference strains. The method was used to determine the genotypes of C. trachomatis in 237 positive urogenital and/or urine specimens collected at a Swedish sexually transmitted disease clinic during 1 year. The most common genotypes corresponded to serotypes E (47%) and F (17%). The omp1 gene was highly conserved for genotype E (106 of 112 samples without any mutation) and F (41 of 42 samples without any mutation) strains but appear slightly less conserved for genotypes G (n = 6) and H (n = 6), where the sequences displayed one to four nucleotide substitutions relative to the reference sequence. Genotyping of samples collected at the follow-up visit indicated that two patients had become reinfected, while three other patients suffered treatment failure or reinfection. One woman appeared to have a mixed infection with two different C. trachomatis strains. This omp1 genotyping method had a high reproducibility and could be used for epidemiological characterization of sexually transmitted Chlamydia infections.
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| 37. |
- Larsson, Anna-Britta, et al.
(författare)
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Klinisk slutexamination i tandhygienistprogrammet vid fyra lärosäten
- 2009
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Den legitimerade tandhygienisten har en nyckelroll inom promotion och prevention i svensk tandvård. I arbetet som tandhygienist krävs att kunna arbeta självständigt och ta väl underbyggda beslut för att ge en god och säker vård. Syftet med projektet var att utveckla, pröva och utvärdera en modell för klinisk slutexamination utifrån de krav som ställs för att arbeta som legitimerad tandhygienist. Projektarbetet resulterade i en modell bestående av en teoretisk och en klinisk examination. Den teoretiska examinationen består av ett fiktivt patientfall medan den kliniska examinationen omfattar en realistisk patientsituation där studenten omhändertar och behandlar en patient. Den framtagna modellens styrka är att samtliga studenter vid de olika lärosätena examineras kliniskt efter samma bedömningsgrunder vilket borgar för en god och jämförbar kvalitet.
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| 38. |
- Larsson, Margaretha, Lektor, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational balance and associated factors among students during higher education within healthcare and social work in Sweden : a multicentre repeated cross-sectional study
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - London : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 14:4, s. e080995-e080995
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveThe aim was to explore whether occupational balance is associated with health, health-promoting resources, healthy lifestyle and social study factors among students during higher education within healthcare and social work.DesignThe study has a multicentre repeated cross-sectional design. Data were collected via a self-reported, web-based questionnaire based on the validated instruments: the 11-item Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11), the Sense of Coherence (SOC) Scale, the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS) and five questions from the General Nordic Questionnaire (QPS Nordic) together with questions about general health and lifestyle factors.SettingStudents at six universities in western Sweden at one of the following healthcare or social work programmes: biomedical scientists, dental hygienists, nurses, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, radiology nurses and social workers. Participants Of 2283 students, 851 (37.3%) participated.ResultsThe students experienced that occupational balance increased during education. The total OBQ11 score was higher among students in semesters 4 and 6/7, compared with semester 1 students. Students with higher OBQ11 also reported higher SOC throughout their education, while health seemed to decrease. Students who reported higher levels of OBQ11 reported lower levels of health and well-being in semesters 4 and 6/7, compared with semester 1. There was an opposite pattern for students reporting lower levels of OBQ11.ConclusionsThe association between higher levels of OBQ11 and lower levels of health and well-being is remarkable. There is a need for more research on this contradiction and what it means for students’ health and well-being in the long run.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Liljeberg, Evelina, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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A qualitative exploration of dietitians' experiences of prescribing oral nutritional supplements to patients with malnutrition : A focus on shared tailoring and behaviour change support
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of human nutrition and dietetics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0952-3871 .- 1365-277X. ; 34:5, s. 858-867
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are commonly prescribed to patients with malnutrition. Dietitians have been suggested as preferred prescribers butgenerally lack ONS prescribing rights. How dietitians with prescribing rights experience their professional practice of prescribing ONS remains understudied. Thus, byexploring dietitians’ experiences of prescribing ONS, the present study aimed to obtain a deeper understanding of specific aspects that are of importance for dietitianswhen providing a nutrition therapy including ONS.Methods: Qualitative individual interviews were conducted with 13 dietitians prescribing ONS to free-living adult outpatients with malnutrition or at nutritional riskin the hospital or primary care setting. Systematic text condensation was used fordata analysis.Results: Two main categories signifying important aspects were identified and labelled: ‘Shared tailoring of the ONS prescription’ and ‘Supporting and facilitatingONS use’. First, the dietitians described tailoring the ONS prescription together withthe patient, having their acceptance as a prerequisite, and being flexible regardingproducts and amounts prescribed. Second, they described performing different communication strategies and organising of practical issues (e.g., ONS delivery and support from others) to support and facilitate patients’ ONS usage.Conclusions: The present study identifies patient involvement and the role of dietitians as behaviour change facilitators as two important aspects when dietitiansprescribe ONS. These findings allow for dietitians’ ideals and strategies on how toprescribe ONS to be made more visible, which can inform both clinical practice andclinical trials for future improvements in nutrition therapy to address malnutrition.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Liljeberg, Evelina, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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'Between foods and medicines' : A qualitative interview study of patient experiences of the meaning and usage of oral nutritional supplements
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Appetite. - : Elsevier. - 0195-6663 .- 1095-8304. ; 178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to deepen the understanding of what oral nutritional supplements mean to patients and how this meaning connects to supplement usage, by exploring patient experiences of such supplements. Qualitative interviews were conducted in June 2019–March 2020 with ten patients with malnutrition or at nutritional risk, prescribed oral nutritional supplements by dietitians. Data were thematically analysed using systematic text condensation. Two final categories were identified: ‘Oral nutritional supplements are a one-dimensional remedy’ and ‘Everyday oral nutritional supplement usage is regulated autonomously’. The patients described the meaning of oral nutritional supplements as nutrition. While the supplements could compensate for nutrients not eaten or be part of a helpful compensation strategy, they could not lessen the burden of altered eating. Supplement usage was described as dependent on the acceptance of taste and the priority given to nutrition in everyday life. Usage was greater when nutrients were perceived as needed, such as when striving for higher bodyweight or disease recovery. Usage was lower when a patient's own goals were not increased nutrient intake or bodyweight or when other activities were perceived as more important. Patient experiences indicated that oral nutritional supplements could serve as a remedy for malnutrition, but not for a situation of altered eating. Supplement usage was described as being regulated autonomously based on patient views on the importance of nutrition. Those views were diverse, highlighting the importance of supplement prescribers discussing treatment goals with each patient. A deeper understanding of the meaning of oral nutritional supplements and reasons for their usage from a patient perspective is crucial in order for healthcare to provide appropriate, effective nutrition therapy for malnutrition.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Liljeberg, Evelina, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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High adherence to oral nutrition supplements prescribed by dietitians : A cross‐sectional study on hospital outpatients
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nutrition in clinical practice. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0884-5336. ; 34:6, s. 887-898
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This study aimed to assess adherence to oral nutrition supplements (ONS) among hospital outpatients and to assess patient characteristics, experiences of ONS, and the characteristics of ONS prescriptions in clinical practice.Methods: Hospital outpatients aged 18 years and prescribed ONS by a dietitian at a Swedish hospital were referred to the study from September 2016 to February 2017. Data were collected from structured telephone interviews, medical records, and a register of ONS delivered. Adherence to ONS was measured by dividing self-reported intake of ONS (frequency question and 24-hour recall question) by the amount prescribed and using the medication possession ratio (MPR).Results: Of the 96 patients included (mean age 67±13 years), 52% were male. The 2 most frequent medical diagnoses were malignancy and digestive system disease. Mean adherence to ONS was 93% measured by the frequency question, 87% measured by the 24-hour recall question, and 76% according to MPR. The majority of the patients (83%) were prescribed 1–3 bottles of ONS/day. The average number of flavors of ONS delivered was 4.2. Before prescription, 69% of the patients had been allowed to taste the ONS and 92% had chosen the flavors to be prescribed. Over 75% liked the taste of the ONS and considered them to be good for their health.Conclusions: Adherence to ONS was high in this population, which might be explained by the individual tailoring of ONS prescriptions by a dietitian, positive experiences of ONS, and the relatively young mean age of the participants.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Liljeberg, Evelina, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Incomplete descriptions of oral nutritional supplement interventions in reports of randomised controlled trials
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 37:1, s. 61-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aimsThe effects of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) have been evaluated in several clinical trials and more studies have been requested. To facilitate replication, support accurate evaluations of research results and avoid research waste, high quality reporting of interventions in clinical trials is needed. The aim of this study is to assess the quality of reporting of interventions in publications describing randomised controlled trials of ONS in populations with malnutrition or at nutritional risk.MethodsThe PubMed database was searched for articles describing ONS trials published between January 2002 and December 2015. The quality of intervention descriptions was evaluated using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide, which contains twelve items. Articles published before and after 2011 were compared.ResultsOf 76 articles identified, only 3% reported all TIDieR items in sufficient detail. The most frequently missing elements were descriptions of the intervention procedures (e.g. how the ONS were to be taken and if participants were given a choice of flavours), which were adequately presented in only 26% of the articles. Less than half of the articles included a description of the intervention provider and sufficient information about the location(s) for the intervention. Information about adherence and mode of delivery was reported in 60–65% of the articles. Most frequently reported, in >70% of the articles, were items regarding the brief name of the intervention, the rationale for the intervention and the materials used (i.e. information about the specific ONS product(s) administered). The reporting quality for two of the items (materials and provider) was higher in articles published after 2011.ConclusionsThe quality of reporting of ONS interventions was found to be poor. The descriptions mostly lacked information about intervention procedures, provider and location(s). A moderately higher reporting quality was observed in articles published after 2011. These findings imply that an improvement in the descriptions of ONS interventions is required in future clinical trials of malnutrition treatment.
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| 49. |
- Liljeberg, Evelina, 1985-
(författare)
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Oral nutritional supplements within the nutrition therapy : Prescription and adherence from a dietetic practice perspective
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to increase knowledge and deepen understanding on prescription of and adherence to oral nutritional supplements (ONS). In Paper I, the reporting quality of interventions with ONS in publications of randomised controlled trials was explored. In Paper II, adherence to ONS prescriptions from dietitians to hospital outpatients in clinical practice was assessed. Further, an evaluation of the population characteristics and ONS prescription characteristics was performed. In Papers III and IV, dietitian and patient experiences of prescribing or being prescribed and using ONS were explored through qualitative interviews.The reporting quality of ONS interventions was found to be incomplete, making it hard to interpret trial findings and replicate them in clinical practice. The articles mainly lacked a description of intervention procedures, provider and location(s), but an improvement was observed in articles published after 2011. Adherence to ONS was found to be high (> 75%) among hospital outpatients prescribed ONS in clinical practice. The population was relatively young (mean age 67 years), and the two most common medical diagnoses were cancer and gastrointestinal disease. The prescriptions were individually tailored by dietitians, usually encompassing several flavours (mean 4.2) and 1–3 bottles/day. In the dietitian interview study, shared tailoring of the ONS prescription and provision of behaviour change support were identified as important aspects when dietitians prescribe ONS. In the patient interview study, ONS were described as a one-dimensional remedy: contributing with nutrients, but unable to resolve the situation of altered eating. Additionally, ONS usage was described as regulated autonomously based on the priority given to nutrition in everyday life.In conclusion, this thesis shows that prescription of and adherence to ONS are complex processes, which tend to be underestimated in the ONS literature. Adherence to ONS was high, which might be explained by population characteristics and the dietitian-tailored prescriptions fulfilling criteria for appropriate ONS prescriptions. The interview studies provided insights into nutrition therapy with ONS from both the dietitian and the patient perspective. The findings indicated that ONS should be prescribed using a person-centred care approach, with patients viewed as an active part in nutrition therapy.
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| 50. |
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