| 1. |
- Johannesson, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of epistasis through a partial advanced intercross reveals three arthritis loci within the Cia5 QTL in mice
- 2005
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Ingår i: Genes and Immunity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1466-4879 .- 1476-5470. ; 6:3, s. 175-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identification of genes controlling complex diseases has proven to be difficult; however, animal models may pave the way to determine how low penetrant genes interact to promote disease development. We have dissected the Cia5/Eae3 susceptibility locus on mouse chromosome 3 previously identified to control disease in experimental models of multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Congenic strains showed significant but small effects on severity of both diseases. To improve the penetrance, we have now used a new strategy that defines the genetic interactions. The QTL interacted with another locus on chromosome 15 and a partial advanced intercross breeding of the two congenic strains for eight generations accumulated enough statistical power to identify interactions with several loci on chromosome 15. Thereby, three separate loci within the original QTL could be identified; Cia5 affected the onset of arthritis by an additive interaction with Cia31 on chromosome 15, whereas the Cia21 and Cia22 affected severity during the chronic phase of the disease through an epistatic interaction with Cia32 on chromosome 15. The definition of genetic interactions was a prerequisite to dissect the Cia5 QTL and we suggest the partial advanced intercross strategy to be helpful also for dissecting other QTL controlling complex phenotypes.
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| 2. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 3. |
- Sansone, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Extensive Hospital In-Ward Clustering Revealed By Molecular Characterization of Influenza A Virus Infection.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Clinical Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1058-4838 .- 1537-6591. ; 71:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nosocomial transmission of influenza A virus (InfA) infection is not fully recognized. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of hospitalized patients with InfA infections during an entire season and to investigate in-ward transmission at a large, acute-care hospital.During the 2016-17 season, all hospitalized patients≥18 years old with laboratory-verified (real-time polymerase chain reaction) InfA were identified. Cases were characterized according to age; sex; comorbidity; antiviral therapy; viral load, expressed as cycle threshold values; length of hospital stay; 30-day mortality; and whether the InfA infection met criteria for a health care-associated influenza A infection (HCAI). Respiratory samples positive for InfA that were collected at the same wards within 7 days were chosen for whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and a phylogenetic analysis was performed to detect clustering. For reference, concurrent InfA strains from patients with community-acquired infection were included.We identified a total of 435 InfA cases, of which 114 (26%) met the HCAI criteria. The overall 30-day mortality rate was higher among patients with HCAI (9.6% vs 4.6% among non-HCAI patients), although the difference was not statistically significant in a multivariable analysis, where age was the only independent risk factor for death (P<.05). We identified 8 closely related clusters (involving≥3 cases) and another 10 pairs of strains, supporting in-ward transmission.We found that the in-ward transmission of InfA occurs frequently and that HCAI may have severe outcomes. WGS may be used for outbreak investigations, as well as for evaluations of the effects of preventive measures.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Sundell, Nicklas, et al.
(författare)
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Measles outbreak in Gothenburg urban area, Sweden, 2017 to 2018: low viral load in breakthrough infections
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Eurosurveillance. - 1560-7917. ; 24:17, s. 2-12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an outbreak of measles in Gothenburg, Sweden, breakthrough infections (i.e. infections in individuals with a history of vaccination) were common. The objective of this study was to compare measles RNA levels between naive (i.e. primary) and breakthrough infections. We also propose a fast provisional classification of breakthrough infections. Medical records were reviewed and real-time PCR-positive samples geno-typed. Cases were classified as naive, break-through or vaccine infections. We compared clinical symptoms and measles RNA cycle threshold (Ct) values between breakthrough and naive infections. Sixteen of 28 confirmed cases of measles in this outbreak were breakthrough infections. A fast provisional classification, based on previous history of measles vaccination and detectable levels of measles IgG in acute serum, correctly identified 14 of the 16 breakthrough infections, confirmed by IgG avidity testing. Measles viral load was significantly lower in nasopharyngeal samples from individuals with breakthrough compared with naive infections (median Ct-values: 32 and 19, respectively, p < 0.0001). No onward transmission from break-through infections was identified. Our results indicate that a high risk of onward transmission is limited to naive infections. We propose a fast provisional classification of breakthrough measles that can guide contact tracing in outbreak settings.
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| 6. |
- Ahlberg, Martina, 1980-
(författare)
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Critical Phenomena and Exchange Coupling in Magnetic Heterostructures
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The continuous phase transition in thin magnetic films and superlattices has been studied using the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) and polarized neutron scattering (PNR). It has been shown that the critical behavior of amorphous thin films belonging to the 2D XY universality class can be described within the same theory as crystalline sample. This means that quenched disorder only serves as a marginal perturbation in systems with this symmetry. The connection between interlayer exchange coupling and the observed critical behavior in Fe/V superlattices was explored. The results prove that the origin of unusually high values of the exponent β can be traced to a position dependence of the magnetization at elevated temperatures. The magnetization of the outermost layers within the superlattice shows a more pronounced decrease at lower temperatures, compared to the inner layers, which in turn have a more abrupt decrease in the vicinity of the critical temperature. This translates to a high exponent, especially when the layers are probed by a technique where more weight is given to the layers close to the surface, e.g.MOKE. The interlayer exchange coupling as a function of spacer thickness and temperature was also studied in its own right. The data was compared to the literature, and a dependence on the thickness of the magnetic layers was concluded. The phase transition in amorphous FeZr/CoZr multilayers, where the magnetization emanates from ferromagnetic proximity effects, was investigated. Even though the determined exponents of the zero-field magnetization, the susceptibility and the critical isotherm did not correspond to any universality class, scaling plots displayed an excellent data collapse. Samples consisting of Fe δ-layers (0.3-1.4 monolayers) embedded in Pd were studied using element-specific resonant x-ray magnetic scattering. The magnetization of the two constituents showed distinctly different temperature dependences.
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| 7. |
- Ahlberg, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of ferromagnetic proximity on critical behavior
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 85:22, s. 224425-1-224425-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated the magnetic phase transition in amorphous Fe93Zr7(x angstrom)/Co95Zr5(1 angstrom) multilayers, where x = 25, 50, and 75. The extremely thin CoZr layer induces magnetic order at temperatures well above the inherent ordering temperature of Fe93Zr7. The changes in the critical exponent beta, associated with the temperature dependence of the magnetization, imply a crossover from two-to three-dimensional behavior as the FeZr thickness is reduced, consistent with a substantial magnetic induction in the FeZr layers. In addition we determined the exponents delta and gamma, of the critical isotherm and the susceptibility, respectively, and their values confirm the nonuniversal character of the phase transition. Scaling of the results yields an excellent data collapse and is found to hold in the crossover regime where the universality hypothesis is not applicable.
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| 8. |
- Ahlberg, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of boundaries on magnetic ordering in Fe/V superlattices
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 81:21, s. 214429-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the role of surface boundaries on the magnetic properties of [Fe/V](n) superlattice structures, with n=2-10. Using the magneto-optical Kerr effect and polarized neutron reflectivity measurements, we examine the evolution of both the total and the layer-resolved magnetizations as a function of temperature. By varying n, we observe a large shift in the transition temperatures T-c and a substantial change in the total magnetization critical exponent beta. In particular, the thicker samples exhibit nonuniversal exponent values. By resolving the magnetization as a function of position within the superlattice, we show that this behavior arises from contributions of the surfaces. Furthermore, we attribute the large shift in T-c to long-ranged interactions present in the superlattice.
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| 9. |
- Ahlberg, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Two-dimensional XY-like amorphous Co68Fe24Zr8/Al70Zr30 multilayers
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 83:22, s. 224404-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an experimental realization of a magnetic two-dimensional XY system using amorphous materials. The classification of the dimensionality is based on the critical behavior of amorphous Co68Fe24Zr8(d)/Al70O30 (20 angstrom) multilayers, where d = 11 - 16 angstrom. Analysis of the remanent magnetization, the magnetic isotherms, the initial susceptibility, and the magnetic correlation length shows that the magnetic phase transition can be described by the 2D XY model. The samples are not paramagnetic above the critical temperature but are characterized by local magnetic order manifested in the field and temperature dependence of the magnetization. Furthermore, an average spin-spin interaction length of 8.1 angstrom was estimated using the thickness dependence of the Curie temperature.
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| 10. |
- Alami, Jones, et al.
(författare)
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Phase tailoring of Ta thin films by highly ionized pulsed magnetron sputtering
- 2007
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Ingår i: Thin Solid Films. - : Elsevier. - 0040-6090 .- 1879-2731. ; 515:7-8, s. 3434-3438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ta thin films were grown on Si substrates at different inclination angles with respect to the sputter source using high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS), an ionized physical vapor deposition technique. The ionization allowed for better control of the energy and directionality of the sputtered species, and consequently for improved properties of the deposited films. Depositions were made on Si substrates with the native oxide intact. The structure of the as deposited films was investigated using X-ray diffraction, while a four-point probe setup was used to measure the resistivity. A substrate bias process-window for growth of bcc-Ta was observed. However, the process-window position changed with changing inclination angles of the substrate. The formation of this low-resistivity bcc-phase could be understood in light of the high ion flux from the HIPIMS discharge.
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| 11. |
- Andersson, Claes-Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Reversible Non-Covalent Derivatisation of Carbon Nanotubes with Glycosides
- 2009
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Ingår i: Soft Matter. - 1744-683X. ; 5:14, s. 2713-2716
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SWNTs and MWNTs have been non-covalently functionalized with glycosides in a reversible manner, and fluorescence titrations have been used to quantify the formed supramolecular assemblies which for SWNTs exhibits increased water solubility.
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| 12. |
- Andersson, Claes-Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Reversible non-covalent derivatisation of carbon nanotubes with glycosides
- 2009
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Ingår i: Soft Matter. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1744-683X .- 1744-6848. ; 5:14, s. 2713-2716
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SWNTs and MWNTs have been non-covalently functionalized with glycosides in a reversible manner, and fluorescence titrations have been used to quantify the formed supramolecular assemblies which for SWNTs exhibits increased water solubility.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Andersson, Jonny K, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Open versus arthroscopic repair of the triangular fibrocartilage complex: a systematic review.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of experimental orthopaedics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2197-1153. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the outcome of open versus arthroscopic repair of injuries of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC).An electronic literature search of articles published between January 1, 1985, and May 26, 2016, in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was carried out in May 2016 and updated in March and December 2017. Studies comparing open and arthroscopic repair of TFCC injury with a mean follow up of more than 1year were eligible for inclusion. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist guided the extraction and reporting of data. The methodological quality of the included articles was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. The primary outcome measure was the rate of postoperative distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) re-instability. Secondary outcome measures were range of motion (ROM), grip strength, residual pain, functional wrist scores and the rates of complications and re-operations.A total of 868 articles were identified by the electronic search. After duplicate removal and subsequent study selection, a total of two studies were included in this systematic review. The methodological quality of the included articles displayed risks of bias. There was no difference in DRUJ re-instability between open and arthroscopic repair of the TFCC. There were no differences in obtained postoperative ROM, grip strength or values in functional outcome scores, between open and arthroscopic TFCC repair in the two included studies, except for the Disability of the Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire - in favor of arthroscopic surgery - in one of the included studies.This systematic review shows comparable results between open and arthroscopic repair of the TFCC, in terms of DRUJ re-instability and functional outcome scores. There is insufficient evidence to recommend one technique over the other in clinical practice. There is an immense lack of comparison studies with high level of evidence in the area of wrist ligament repair and reconstruction, including TFCC-injuries and DRUJ-instability.
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| 15. |
- Andersson, Linda, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Deficiency in perilipin 5 reduces mitochondrial function and membrane depolarization in mouse hearts.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-5875 .- 1357-2725. ; 91:Pt A, s. 9-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myocardial triglycerides stored in lipid droplets are important in regulating the intracellular delivery of fatty acids for energy generation in mitochondria, for membrane biosynthesis, and as agonists for intracellular signaling. Previously, we showed that deficiency in the lipid droplet protein perilipin 5 (Plin5) markedly reduces triglyceride storage in cardiomyocytes and increases the flux of fatty acids into phospholipids. Here, we investigated whether Plin5 deficiency in cardiomyocytes alters mitochondrial function. We found that Plin5 deficiency reduced mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Furthermore, in mitochondria from Plin5((-/)(-)) hearts, the fatty acyl composition of phospholipids in mitochondrial membranes was altered and mitochondrial membrane depolarization was markedly compromised. These findings suggest that mitochondria isolated from hearts deficient in Plin5, have specific functional defects.
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| 16. |
- Andersson, Linda, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Glucosylceramide synthase deficiency in the heart compromises β1-adrenergic receptor trafficking
- 2021
-
Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 42:43, s. 4481-4492
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Cardiac injury and remodelling are associated with the rearrangement of cardiac lipids. Glycosphingolipids are membrane lipids that are important for cellular structure and function, and cardiac dysfunction is a characteristic of rare monogenic diseases with defects in glycosphingolipid synthesis and turnover. However, it is not known how cardiac glycosphingolipids regulate cellular processes in the heart. The aim of this study is to determine the role of cardiac glycosphingolipids in heart function.METHODS AND RESULTS: Using human myocardial biopsies, we showed that the glycosphingolipids glucosylceramide and lactosylceramide are present at very low levels in non-ischaemic human heart with normal function and are elevated during remodelling. Similar results were observed in mouse models of cardiac remodelling. We also generated mice with cardiomyocyte-specific deficiency in Ugcg, the gene encoding glucosylceramide synthase (hUgcg-/- mice). In 9- to 10-week-old hUgcg-/- mice, contractile capacity in response to dobutamine stress was reduced. Older hUgcg-/- mice developed severe heart failure and left ventricular dilatation even under baseline conditions and died prematurely. Using RNA-seq and cell culture models, we showed defective endolysosomal retrograde trafficking and autophagy in Ugcg-deficient cardiomyocytes. We also showed that responsiveness to β-adrenergic stimulation was reduced in cardiomyocytes from hUgcg-/- mice and that Ugcg knockdown suppressed the internalization and trafficking of β1-adrenergic receptors.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that cardiac glycosphingolipids are required to maintain β-adrenergic signalling and contractile capacity in cardiomyocytes and to preserve normal heart function.
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| 17. |
- Andersson, Lenastina, et al.
(författare)
-
Mälsåker Revisited: Museum och Iscensättning. : Kungl Konsthögskolan. Restaureringskonst 2015-2016
- 2016
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Rapporten redovisar arbeten från kursen Restaureringskonst på Konsthögskolan som under läsåret 2015-2016 har arbetat med tema Museum och Iscensättning. Hur kulturmiljöer påverkas när de blir museum, hur man restaurerar för museum, hur man bevarar och utvecklar en plats för kunskapsutbyte, bildning och upplevelser. Mälsåkers slott, utanför Mariefred, förvaltat av Statens Fastighetsverk, var studieobjekt för 20 studenter, (yrkesverksamma arkitekter, antikvarier, ingenjörer, konservatorer m fl) där utbildningens olika studiemoment som uppmätning, inventering, dokumentation har tillämpats. Fältarbetet har följts av studier i historik, kulturhistorisk värdering och analyser som gett visioner och gestaltningsförslag på ny verksamhet i slottet. Rapporten presenterar förslagen, med text, skisser, foton och ritningar. Fyra olika typer av museum med varierande grad av åtgärder, förändringar och utveckling av slottet. Restaureringsexperiment redovisas utifrån traditionella och digitala dokumentationsmetoder. Dessutom finns arbeten om barockens ljus, bladguld, brandskydd, pod-radio, kraftstation, engelska parken, dekorationsmålade tak, Gustavianum, Julius Kronbergs ateljé och barockträdgård m m. Förslagen visar att det är möjligt att transformera Mälsåkers barockslott till ett museum av idag med bibehållen historik och synliga tidslager.
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| 18. |
- Andersson, Martina, et al.
(författare)
-
Erfarenhet av att bedöma äldre personers problem i livets slutskede : en fokusgruppsstudie ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv
- 2020
-
Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Andelen äldre personer i Sverige ökar och en del äldre personer drabbas av en eller flera kroniska sjukdomar. Allt fler personer önskar att vårdas hemma vid livets slut och kan då vara i behov av allmän palliativ vård. Vid palliativ vård i livets slutskede är det en eftersträvan att lindra lidande och förbättra livskvaliteten genom att tidigt uppmärksamma och lindra personers fysiska, psykiska, sociala och existentiella problem. Äldre personer i livets slutskede har ofta flera komplexa problem som påverkar varandra. För att lindra lidande behöver sjuksköterskor kunna bedöma och tolka olika problem som äldre personer kan uppleva i livets slutskede. Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenhet av att bedöma problem som äldre personer besväras av i livets slutskede inom kommunal hemsjukvård. En kvalitativ metod har använts. Data samlades in med fyra fokusgruppsintervjuer. Totalt deltog 13 sjuksköterskor verksamma inom hemsjukvård från tre olika kommuner i studien. Data analyserades med Kvalitativ innehållsanalys. I resultatet framkom ett övergripande tema: strävan efter kontinuitet för att lära känna personen genom återkommande hembesök underlättar bedömning av problem som behöver tillgodoses i livets slutskede samt kategorierna; att bygga en relation underlättar bedömningen, att samtala för att erhålla information, att observera kroppsspråket skapar en bild och att ta del av andras iakttagelser som stöd. Resultatet visade att relationen till den äldre var viktig för att bedöma den äldres problem och att sjuksköterskor till stor del förlitade sig på sin kliniska blick vid bedömningen. Vidare framkom att sjuksköterskorna sällan använde sig av skattningsinstrument, vilket de uttryckte en önskan att bli bättre på. Slutsatsen är att en ökad användning av skattningsinstrument skulle kunna förenkla bedömning av problem hos äldre personer som sjuksköterskorna inte sedan tidigare har någon relation till. Detta skulle kunna skapa en känsla av trygghet för sjuksköterskorna och stärka dem i deras professionella roll. Användningen av skattingsinstrument skulle kunna öka kvaliteten på den allmänna palliativa vården som utförs i kommunal hemsjukvård. För att sjuksköterskorna ska få stöd i att öka användningen av skattningsinstrument har organisationen en viktig roll för att skapa rutiner och se till att etablerade arbetsformer utvecklas.
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| 19. |
- Andersson, Martina, et al.
(författare)
-
Erfarenhet av att bedöma äldre personers problem i livets slutskede : en fokusgruppsstudie ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv
- 2020
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Andelen äldre personer i Sverige ökar och en del äldre personer drabbas av en eller flera kroniska sjukdomar. Allt fler personer önskar att vårdas hemma vid livets slut och kan då vara i behov av allmän palliativ vård. Vid palliativ vård i livets slutskede är det en eftersträvan att lindra lidande och förbättra livskvaliteten genom att tidigt uppmärksamma och lindra personers fysiska, psykiska, sociala och existentiella problem. Äldre personer i livets slutskede har ofta flera komplexa problem som påverkar varandra. För att lindra lidande behöver sjuksköterskor kunna bedöma och tolka olika problem som äldre personer kan uppleva i livets slutskede. Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenhet av att bedöma problem som äldre personer besväras av i livets slutskede inom kommunal hemsjukvård. En kvalitativ metod har använts. Data samlades in med fyra fokusgruppsintervjuer. Totalt deltog 13 sjuksköterskor verksamma inom hemsjukvård från tre olika kommuner i studien. Data analyserades med Kvalitativ innehållsanalys. I resultatet framkom ett övergripande tema: strävan efter kontinuitet för att lära känna personen genom återkommande hembesök underlättar bedömning av problem som behöver tillgodoses i livets slutskede samt kategorierna; att bygga en relation underlättar bedömningen, att samtala för att erhålla information, att observera kroppsspråket skapar en bild och att ta del av andras iakttagelser som stöd. Resultatet visade att relationen till den äldre var viktig för att bedöma den äldres problem och att sjuksköterskor till stor del förlitade sig på sin kliniska blick vid bedömningen. Vidare framkom att sjuksköterskorna sällan använde sig av skattningsinstrument, vilket de uttryckte en önskan att bli bättre på. Slutsatsen är att en ökad användning av skattningsinstrument skulle kunna förenkla bedömning av problem hos äldre personer som sjuksköterskorna inte sedan tidigare har någon relation till. Detta skulle kunna skapa en känsla av trygghet för sjuksköterskorna och stärka dem i deras professionella roll. Användningen av skattingsinstrument skulle kunna öka kvaliteten på den allmänna palliativa vården som utförs i kommunal hemsjukvård. För att sjuksköterskorna ska få stöd i att öka användningen av skattningsinstrument har organisationen en viktig roll för att skapa rutiner och se till att etablerade arbetsformer utvecklas.
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| 20. |
- Andersson, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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The role of Swedish forests in climate change mitigation - A frame analysis of conflicting interests
- 2022
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Ingår i: Forest Policy and Economics. - : Elsevier. - 1389-9341 .- 1872-7050. ; 144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forests are assumed to play a significant role in relation to climate change mitigation. However, previous studies show that actor groups’ perspectives vary regarding how to best utilize forests. This paper focuses on exploring frames in recent Swedish forest- and climate politics and to what extent they may form the basis for conflict resolution or contribute to perpetuate conflicts among actors. The analysis of recent forest- and climate policies, and actor groups’ positioning on the issues, builds upon the pathways to sustainability approach in combination with frame analysis. The results showed that ideas based on “Ecological Modernisation†dominated within the forest-climate nexus, but also a clear presence of alternative frames promoting “Sustainable Developmentâ€. As a result, conflicting frames were identified within the policies on how to reach policy targets - stressing both the importance of consensus and neutral dialogue with actors, while concurrently prioritizing an economic perspective.
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| 21. |
- Andersson, Nadine G, et al.
(författare)
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Novel F8 and F9 gene variants from the PedNet Hemophilia Registry classified according to ACMG/AMP guidelines
- 2020
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Ingår i: Human Mutation. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1059-7794 .- 1098-1004. ; 41:12, s. 2058-2072
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In hemophilia A and B, analysis of the F8 and F9 gene variants enables carrier- and prenatal diagnosis and prediction of risk for development of inhibitors. The PedNet Registry collects clinical, genetic and phenotypic data prospectively on >2000 children with hemophilia. The genetic reports of F8/F9 gene variants were classified uniformly to HGVS nomenclature and re-evaluated using international population- and disease-specific databases, literature survey and, where applicable, computational predictive programs. We report 88 novel variants in the F8 and F9 genes, 80 fulfilling criteria for class 5 (pathogenic), six for class 4 (likely pathogenic) and two fulfilling criteria for class 3 (variant of unknown significance) of the ACMG (American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics)/AMP (Association for Molecular Pathology) guidelines together with information on the respective phenotype and inhibitor formation. The study highlights the need to re-evaluate and update earlier genetic reports in hemophilia both locally but also in variant databases in the light of changed nomenclature and new guidelines. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 22. |
- Andersson, Patrik U, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Water Condensation on Graphite Studied by Elastic Helium Scattering and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 111:42, s. 15258-15266
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formation of water/ice layers on graphite has been studied in the temperature range from 90 to 180 K by elastic helium scattering, light scattering, and molecular dynamics simulations. Combined helium- and light-scattering experiments show that an ice film that wets the graphite surface is formed at surface temperatures of 100-140 K, whereas three-dimensional ice structures are formed at 140-180 K. Desorption of adsorbed water molecules competes with water incorporation into the ice film, and the ice formation rate is strongly temperature dependent. At 150 K, ice-layer formation takes place at the same time scale as layer reconstruction, and its properties are sensitive to the water deposition rate. The experimental results are compared with kinetics models, and the Johnston-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov model is concluded to well describe the ice-layer formation kinetics in the whole temperature range. Molecular dynamics simulations of water-cluster formation on graphite at 90-180 K show that water molecules and small clusters are highly mobile on the surface, which rapidly results in the nucleation of large and less mobile clusters on the surface. Clusters formed at low temperature tend to have the most molecules in direct contact with the uppermost graphite layer, while multilayer cluster structures are preferred at high temperatures. The results are discussed and compared with earlier studies of water ice formation on solid surfaces.
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| 23. |
- Andersson Søe, Martina, et al.
(författare)
-
‘Distance creates distance’ : preschool staff experiences and reflections concerning preschool introduction during the covid-19-Pandemic
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Early Years Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0966-9760 .- 1469-8463. ; 31:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The social restrictions during the covid-19 pandemic have challenged many aspects of preschool everyday life. Particularly vulnerable to these restrictions is the aspect of introducing new children to preschool, since preschool introduction constitutes a natural arena for establishment of preschool staff’s relationships with children and their parents. Based on analysis of open-ended survey data (N = 465), the present study explores how Swedish preschool staff has experienced and dealt with the pandemic restrictions during preschool introduction. Our qualitative analysis resulted in three categories and six subcategories, including results demonstrating that social distancing-restrictions accentuate the importance of engaging relationally with the families, while simultaneously constituting a disconcerting complication since the physical distance constrains the important relationship-building between staff and parents. Moreover, the children seem to interpret the parent-staff physical distance as relational distance, which negatively affects their emerging relationship to preschool staff. Our results also show that how parental participation is organised during preschool introduction may be of critical importance for staff-child relational establishment, providing insights for researchers and practitioners in the field valuable to consider also in a non-pandemic context.
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| 24. |
- Andersson Søe, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Distance Creates Distance: Preschool Staff Reflections and Experiences Concerning Preschool Introduction During the Covid-19-Pandemic
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent attachment research attests that children’s relationships to preschool staff can contribute to their attachment development. The preschool introduction phase constitutes a natural arena for establishing these relationships, so organizing this introduction to enable relation-building between staff and children is essential. In Sweden, preschools stayed open during the covid-19-pandemic, however several social restrictions were implemented. The present study focuses on how these pandemic-related social restrictions have affected the prerequisites for facilitating good preschool staff-child interactions. By analyzing open-ended survey data (N = 465), we explored how preschool staff experienced the pandemic restrictions during preschool introduction. Our qualitative analysis demonstrates that while social distancing-restrictions accentuated the importance of engaging relationally with the families, physical distancing simultaneously constrained the parent-staff relationship-building. Importantly, the children seemed to interpret the parent-staff physical distance as relational distance, which negatively affected their emerging relationship to preschool staff. Our results also suggest that how parental participation is organized during preschool introduction may be critically important for child-staff attachment-related interactions, in a pandemic as well as a non-pandemic context. Finally, our results also highlight the significant contribution of preschool staff in supporting children’s coping with the crisis-related constraints during the important life-event of preschool transition.
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| 25. |
- Andersson Søe, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction to Preschool During the Covid-19-Pandemic: Impacts of Social Restrictions on Staff-Family Relational Establishment
- 2022
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The social restrictions during the covid-19 pandemic have challenged many aspects of preschool everyday life. Particularly vulnerable to these restrictions is the aspect of introducing new children to preschool, since preschool introduction constitutes a natural arena for establishment of preschool staff’s relationships with children and their parents. Organizing the preschool introduction to enable constructive relationship-building between preschool staff and the families, is, thus, crucial, not the least as recent attachment research suggest that preschool staff in early childhood education and care contexts can contribute to attachment development in children. In Sweden, preschools stayed open during the pandemic of covid-19, however with implementation of several social restrictions, such as physical distancing between preschool staff and parents. It is therefore crucial to understand whether, and how, these pandemic-related social restrictions have affected the prerequisites for facilitating good interactions between preschool staff and the families. Based on analysis of open-ended survey data (N = 465), the present study explored how Swedish preschool staff experienced and dealt with the pandemic restrictions during preschool introduction. Our qualitative analysis resulted in three categories and six subcategories, including results demonstrating that social distancing-restrictions accentuated the importance of engaging relationally with the families, while simultaneously constituting a disconcerting complication since the physical distance constrained the relationship-building between staff and parents. Moreover, the children seemed to interpret the parent-staff physical distance as relational distance, which negatively affected their emerging relationship to preschool staff. Our results also showed that it might be of special concern, also in a non-pandemic context, to consider the organization of parental participation, as it may be of critical importance for staff-child relational establishment. Lastly, to promote engagement of preschool staff, our results indicated that it might be essential to have reflexively defined procedures when introducing children to preschool.
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| 26. |
- Andersson Søe, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Transition to Preschool : Paving the Way for Preschool Teacher and Family Relationship-Building
- 2023
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Ingår i: Child and Youth Care Forum. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1053-1890 .- 1573-3319. ; 52:6, s. 1249-1271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous research suggests that interactions between preschool teachers and children in early care and educational contexts can contribute to the child’s positive attachment development and socioemotional adjustment. Objective: Investigate how the transition process to preschool is organized and whether various ways of organizing it may differently influence family–teacher relationship-building and child adjustment. Methods: Conducted a mixed methods study of quantitative and qualitative survey data from Swedish preschool professionals (N = 535). Results: Preschool introduction varied across preschools in several structural aspects such as introduction length and intensity, timing for first child–parent separation, and number of children and teachers involved in the introduction process. Results moreover suggested that different introduction models were associated with different ways of engaging the parent, where the “parent-active” model was characterized by a high level of parental participation during the introductory activities. This was perceived by preschool professionals as positively influencing the family–teacher relational formation. Conclusion: Findings suggest that inviting parents to participate actively in preschool transition may help better engage them in the introduction process, which in turn may positively influence family–teacher relationship-building. Future research should focus in more detail on how child–teacher and parent–teacher interactions, respectively, influence family–teacher relationship-building and child adjustment during, and after, the introduction period.
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| 27. |
- Andersson Søe, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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"We tend to underestimate the children!” – A qualitative analysis of preschool teachers’ views on child-parent-teacher relationship-building during preschool transition
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. - 1470-1170. ; , s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Upon preschool enrollment, the child-teacher relationship becomes important for the child’s continued development. We suggest that parents may be essential in supporting the establishment of such relationships from the first weeks of the child’s preschool enrollment, the so-called “introduction process”. Recent data indicates that Nordic preschools organize this aspect of preschool introduction differently, but no empirically informed knowledge-base exists on how to best support positive family-teacher interactions. To enrich this sparse topic, we conducted focus groups with Swedish preschool professionals (N = 31) to qualitatively acquire experiences and reflections on child-adult interactions during preschool introduction. Thematic analysis revealed two themes, centering around emotional security and the need to introduce the child and the parent(s). While emphasizing the importance of the parent’s presence near the child during the introduction process, dilemmas and conflicting ideas about how to arrange child-adult interactions were revealed, with potential implications for the child’s transition and the child-teacher relationship-building.
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| 28. |
- Andersson, Urban, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Erfarenheter av medlemskap och implementering av ORCID på Chalmers
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ORCID lanserades i oktober 2012 och ett drygt halvår senare blev Chalmers som första svenskaorganisation medlem. Syftet var att undersöka vilket stöd vi kunde ge Chalmers forskare genom attsprida kännedom om ORCID och assistera vid registreringen av ORCID-id, samt att utreda vilkainterna system som berördes av den nya standard för att identifiera forskare som ORCID innebär.Genom detta tidiga medlemskap skaffade sig Chalmers bibliotek erfarenheter som gällerimplementeringen av ORCID, som vi snart märkte att andra lärosäten både inom landet och utrikesvar intresserade att ta del av.I en första fas hösten 2013 genomförde vi ett pilotprojekt med en av Chalmers institutioner,Institutionen för rymd- och geovetenskaper. Syftet var att skapa ORCID-id åt institutionens forskareoch projektet genomfördes i nära samarbete med institutionens prefekt. Tekniskt använde vi oss avmöjligheten att utifrån en lista med namn och e-postadresser skapa id:n åt samtliga berördaforskare. Erfarenheterna från detta försök ledde dock till beslutet att istället bygga en webbtjänst,där forskarna individuellt fick möjlighet att såväl koppla befintliga ORCID-id till Chalmers, som attskapa ett helt nytt id om man saknade detta sedan tidigare.Föreliggande rapport ger en överblick över dessa erfarenheter och exemplifierar de frågeställningarsom införandet av ORCID kan medföra på lokal nivå. Tack till Kungliga biblioteket och området förOpenaccess.se och publiceringsfrågor, som möjliggjort rapporten genom ett projektbidrag.
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| 29. |
- Andersson, Urban, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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ORCiD @ Chalmers: Membership and implementation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Open Repositories 2014, June 9-13, Helsinki, Finland.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Chalmers University became an institutional member of the ORCID community in June 2013. The membership, as well as the local ORCID services and support, is coordinated and maintained by the university library.Since then we have completed the first phase of the implementation of ORCID id:s at the university - including a pilot project, in which we worked closely together with one of the research departments, and the development of a new easy-to-use web service for the creation of ORCID id:s and for connecting these – and existing id:s - to the university infrastructure, by the use of API:s provided by ORCID and corresponding systems.This service was launched in January 2014 and can be found at orcid.chalmers.se.The proposed poster will demonstrate the current status of our project and what has been done up until now - including workflows, infrastructure integration, technical implementation and, of course, detailed screenshots to illustrate the different parts of the process.It will also include our key experiences so far, as well as to try and provide a quick look into the future and what our next steps might be.
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| 30. |
- Berglund, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Theme-based assessment of education in design and product development
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 10th International CDIO Conference. - : Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One fundamental challenge in choosing an examination form to assess student achievements is to find an examination which, both encourages students to continuously elaborate the course content and constitutes a learning process itself. The objective of this paper is to share and reflect on the development and implementation of a new theme-based examination in a six credit course in Product Ergonomics given in the engineering programme Design and Product Development at Linköping University, Sweden. The course runs during four months and has two parts: one theoretical and one applied. The former focuses on theoretical ergonomic topics, models and methods while the latter is a project aiming at consolidating the students’ understanding of the theory by implementing the knowledge in a product development case. To encourage the students to adapt a deep learning approach, the traditional written mid-term exam for the theoretical part was abandoned and another concept developed. In the new concept, the theoretical part was split onto six weekly themes. Each theme was introduced at the beginning of the week by high-lighting main theories and models followed by a group-work assignment to be elaborated on by the students during the week. The theme was examined at the end of the week through a short written exam and a seminar to discuss and reflect upon the theme. From a student perspective, the positive outcome of the theme-based examination was peer learning and a more active learning style. The students appreciated the theme-based structure of the course. Occasionally, some students commented that weekly examinations could be perceived as stressful. The teachers perceived the students to be more acquainted with ergonomics theory and methods which increased the quality of the course project. The reported theme-based assessment is one example of implementing among others the CDIO syllabus parts 2.2 and 3.1and CDIO standards 8 and 11.
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| 31. |
- Berglund, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding the user beyond ‘common sense’ – teaching Product Ergonomics to design engineering students
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings 19th Triennial Congress of the IEA. - : International Ergonomics Association.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multidisciplinary frameworks are needed to develop products that fit the human. Ergonomics is a multifaceted field that encompasses physical, cognitive and organizational aspects, and it is therefore a suitable subject to be taught to design engineering students.The objective of this paper was to describe and reflect upon how a systems perspective on Ergonomics is developed and conveyed in a course in Product Ergonomics to engineering students at the Design and Product Development (DPD) programme at Linköping University, Sweden. The paper is based on the authors’ experiences from teaching the course in Product Ergonomicsas well ason 52 students’ written reflections about their view on Ergonomics before and after taking the course.Means and ideas for teaching Ergonomics with a systems perspective included organizing a theoretical introduction into weekly themes and thereafter integrating and applying these themes in a product concept project under supervision of a multidisciplinary teacher team.The paper also reflects on how the systems perspective of Ergonomics is planned for and realized in the intended, implemented and attained curriculum.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Borglund, Erik A. M., 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Virtual Emergency Operation Centre : How to manage a crisis from an EOC when you need to work from home
- 2021
-
Ingår i: ISCRAM 2021 Conference Proceedings – 18th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management. - Blackburg, VA, USA. ; , s. 238-245
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- What happens when an organization requires its employees to work from home during a pandemic that needs to be managed? This research in progress article focuses on TELCO_ALPHA and the transition of their emergency operation centre (EOC) to digital and distributed. A qualitative research method approach was applied and liminality has been used as lens to investigate the shift from analog to digital. Focus has been on understanding the transition and how they handled ambiguity within the organization when their crisis management moved online. The transition was successful, and two areas were identified as important to this success: 1. TELCO_ALPHA used IT that the staff in the crisis organization already had experience of working with prior to the Covid-19 pandemic; 2. TELCO_ALPHA ran crisis management team meetings as they would run regular business meetings. There was no new “crisis management structure” at the meetings.
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| 34. |
- Boström, Martina, et al.
(författare)
-
Senior alert : a tool for better care collaboration
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing prevalence of negative events among older frail adults is a challenge for society which calls for pro-active and preventive actions. Senior Alert (SA) is a quality-registry focusing pro-actively on 5 risk areas common among older adults: malnutrition, pressure ulcers, falls, oral health and bladder dysfunction among people = 65 years. It is mandatory to assess risks in all risk areas. SA plays an unique roll among the more than 100 national quality registries in Sweden used for quality improvements, in aspect that it also stimulate staff to perform screening, action taking, and follow-up. However, the overall potential of the register to improve the care of older adults has so far not been recognized. Although the risks are registered to a high degree, the underlying causes are not identified to the same extent. If the need for intervention is not identified, the possibilities for an effective preventive care process and effective collaboration between different actors are missed. We want to study the factors that constitute support or obstacles to the preventive care process to contribute to an effective and robust preventive care process that promotes effective collaboration between different actors for best practice care of older frail adults. The project has an interdisciplinary approach and is based on a mixed method design meaning using both quantitative and qualitative methods
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| 35. |
- Boström, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Senior alert – ett medel för bättre vård i samverkan (SeSam) : Hälsoriksdagen
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vården och omsorgen av sköra äldre behöver stärkas. Senior alert är ett nationellt kommunalt kvalitetsregister som med evidensbaserade bedömningsinstrument värderar risker bland äldre inom riskområdena fall, trycksår, nutrition, munhälsa och blåsdysfunktion. Cirka 90 000 riskbedömningar görs per år. Registret är unikt då det har ett vårdpreventivt fokus och omfattar såväl riskbedömning som bakomliggande orsaker och åtgärder. Vi har tilldelats närmare 6 miljoner från Forte för att beforska stöd och hinder för den vårdpreventiva processen inom Senior alerts. Syfte: att studera samverkan inom och mellan huvudmän för äldreomsorg, hälso- och sjukvård och tandvård med avseende på vård prevention (VP) i Senior alert, och att identifiera faktorer som utgör stöd respektive hinder inom och mellan huvudmän för att fullfölja VP. Metod: Projektet består av 3 delstudier och bygger på en mixad metod. Delstudie 1 är en kvantitativ studie inom vård och omsorgsboende för att studera om det finns det skillnader mellan kommuner med god respektive bristande registrering i Senior alert med avseende på faktorer som invånarantal, socio-demografi, -ekonomi, organisation av äldreomsorgen, och politisk majoritet? Delstudie 2 är kvalitativ och ska studera uppfattningar om hinder och stöd för en god samverkan inom och mellan huvudmän för VP inom Senior altert. Detta görs genom enskilda intervjuer med personer i ledande ställning samt fokusgruppsintervjuer med tvärprofessionella arbetsgrupper, samt med äldre och deras närstående gällande deras syn på hur Senior alter bidrar till god vård. Delstudie 3 är en pilotstudie för att testa implementering av resultatet från den båda tidigare studierna. Tidsram 2022 - 2025 Elisabet Rothenberg, biträdande professor, fakulteten för hälsovetenskap, Högskolan Kristianstad
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| 36. |
- Drevinge, Christina, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Perilipin 5 is protective in the ischemic heart
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 219, s. 446-454
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Myocardial ischemia is associated with alterations in cardiac metabolism, resulting in decreased fatty acid oxidation and increased lipid accumulation. Here we investigate how myocardial lipid content and dynamics affect the function of the ischemic heart, and focus on the role of the lipid droplet protein perilipin 5 (Plin5) in the pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia. Methods and results: We generated Plin5(-/-) mice and found that Plin5 deficiency dramatically reduced the triglyceride content in the heart. Under normal conditions, Plin5(-/-) mice maintained a close to normal heart function by decreasing fatty acid uptake and increasing glucose uptake, thus preserving the energy balance. However, during stress or myocardial ischemia, Plin5 deficiency resulted in myocardial reduced substrate availability, severely reduced heart function and increased mortality. Importantly, analysis of a human cohort with suspected coronary artery disease showed that a common noncoding polymorphism, rs884164, decreases the cardiac expression of PLIN5 and is associated with reduced heart function following myocardial ischemia, indicating a role for Plin5 in cardiac dysfunction. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Plin5 deficiency alters cardiac lipid metabolism and associates with reduced survival following myocardial ischemia, suggesting that Plin5 plays a beneficial role in the heart following ischemia. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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| 37. |
- Eriksson, Kimmo, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Research. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate. Little is known about peoples preferred responses to norm violations across countries. Here, in a study of 57 countries, the authors highlight cultural similarities and differences in peoples perception of the appropriateness of norm violations.
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| 38. |
- Frisk, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic and structural characterization of CoFeZr thin films grown by combinatorial sputtering
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical Review Materials. - 2475-9953. ; 3:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a detailed investigation of structural and magnetic properties of thin CoFeZr films, produced by combinatorial cosputtering, with compositions in the ranges 30-85 at.% Co, 12-63 at.% Fe, and 4-8 at.% Zr. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure and x-ray diffraction measurements reveal that alloys with a Zr content below 5 at.% are polycrystalline with a bcc structure, while an amorphous morphology is stabilized at Zr contents above 6 at.%. All samples display a growth-induced in-plane uniaxial anisotropy, which is closely related to the Zr concentration gradients across the wafers. A model for the angular dependence of the reduced remanence, including a Gaussian distribution of easy/hard anisotropy axes, is presented and successfully used to fit the data for all samples. The magnetic moments of the polycrystalline films approximately follow the Slater-Pauling curve, and the magnetic moments of the amorphous films follow a similar trend, but with about 20 % lower values. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements show, for the amorphous films, that the Co moments are virtually constant at 1.7(2)μB/atom.
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| 39. |
- Haas, Josephine, et al.
(författare)
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Time-trends in body mass index, and overweight and obesity as independent risk factors for diabetes angiopathy in young females with type 1 diabetes : A nationwide study in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To examine time-trends in BMI-distributions of young females with and without type 1 diabetes (T1D), with focus on the upper half of the distribution i.e., the median and above, and to explore if overweight and obesity independently increase risk of diabetes angiopathy.Methods: Population-based cohort study of 3,473 females with T1D, 16-35 years, identified in the Swedish National Diabetes Registers, January 2005 to October 2015, and 8,487 females from the background population. BMI-distributions were examined using kernel density estimates and quantile regression. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for angiopathy in overweight/obese subjects were estimated with adjusted Cox regression.Results: The BMI-distribution in females with T1D was right shifted to that of the background population (p < 0.001). The 90th percentile and median BMI increased equally overtime in both groups, but females with T1D started from a higher baseline. In T1D, HRs were significantly increased for any angiopathy in individuals with obesity (adj HR 1.37 (CI 1.14-1.64)), and for retinopathy; adj HRs (CIs): overweight; 1.15 (1.02-1.29), obesity; 1.30 (1.08-1.56).Conclusions: Females with T1D have increasing BMI overtime and are heavier than females without T1D. Overweight and obesity are by themselves risk factors for angiopathy.
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| 40. |
- Haase, Dagmar, et al.
(författare)
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A Quantitative Review of Urban Ecosystem Service Assessments : Concepts, Models, and Implementation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 43:4, s. 413-433
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although a number of comprehensive reviews have examined global ecosystem services (ES), few have focused on studies that assess urban ecosystem services (UES). Given that more than half of the world's population lives in cities, understanding the dualism of the provision of and need for UES is of critical importance. Which UES are the focus of research, and what types of urban land use are examined? Are models or decision support systems used to assess the provision of UES? Are trade-offs considered? Do studies of UES engage stakeholders? To address these questions, we analyzed 217 papers derived from an ISI Web of Knowledge search using a set of standardized criteria. The results indicate that most UES studies have been undertaken in Europe, North America, and China, at city scale. Assessment methods involve bio-physical models, Geographical Information Systems, and valuation, but few study findings have been implemented as land use policy.
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| 41. |
- Hallgren, Oskar, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced ROCK1 dependent contractility in fibroblast from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Translational Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1479-5876. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: During wound healing processes fibroblasts account for wound closure by adopting a contractile phenotype. One disease manifestation of COPD is emphysema which is characterized by destruction of alveolar walls and our hypothesis is that fibroblasts in the COPD lungs differentiate into a more contractile phenotype as a response to the deteriorating environment. Methods: Bronchial (central) and parenchymal (distal) fibroblasts were isolated from lung explants from COPD patients (n = 9) (GOLD stage IV) and from biopsies from control subjects and from donor lungs (n = 12). Tissue-derived fibroblasts were assessed for expression of proteins involved in fibroblast contraction by western blotting whereas contraction capacity was measured in three-dimensional collagen gels. Results: The basal expression of rho-associated coiled-coil protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) was increased in both centrally and distally derived fibroblasts from COPD patients compared to fibroblasts from control subjects (p < 0.001) and (p < 0.01), respectively. Distally derived fibroblasts from COPD patients had increased contractile capacity compared to control fibroblasts (p < 0.01). The contraction was dependent on ROCK1 activity as the ROCK inhibitor Y27632 dose-dependently blocked contraction in fibroblasts from COPD patients. ROCK1-positive fibroblasts were also identified by immunohistochemistry in the alveolar parenchyma in lung tissue sections from COPD patients. Conclusions: Distally derived fibroblasts from COPD patients have an enhanced contractile phenotype that is dependent on ROCK1 activity. This feature may be of importance for the elastic dynamics of small airways and the parenchyma in late stages of COPD.
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| 42. |
- Hansson, Oskar, et al.
(författare)
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Midlife physical activity is associated with lower incidence of vascular dementia but not Alzheimer's disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy. - : BMC. - 1758-9193. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Physical activity might reduce the risk of developing dementia. However, it is still unclear whether the protective effect differs depending on the subtype of dementia. We aimed to investigate if midlife physical activity affects the development of vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) differently in two large study populations with different designs.Methods: Using a prospective observational design, we studied whether long-distance skiers of the Swedish Vasaloppet (n = 197,685) exhibited reduced incidence of VaD or AD compared to matched individuals from the general population (n = 197,684) during 21 years of follow-up (median 10, interquartile range (IQR) 5-15 years). Next, we studied the association between self-reported physical activity, stated twice 5 years apart, and incident VaD and AD in 20,639 participants in the Swedish population-based Malmo Diet and Cancer Study during 18 years of follow-up (median 15, IQR 14-17 years). Finally, we used a mouse model of AD and studied brain levels of amyloid-beta, synaptic proteins, and cognitive function following 6 months of voluntary wheel running.Results Vasaloppet skiers (median age 36.0 years [IQR 29.0-46.0], 38% women) had lower incidence of all-cause dementia (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.63, 95% CI 0.52-0.75) and VaD (adjusted HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.33-0.73), but not AD, compared to non-skiers. Further, faster skiers exhibited a reduced incidence of VaD (adjusted HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.16-0.95), but not AD or all-cause dementia compared to slower skiers. In the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study (median age 57.5 years [IQR 51.0-63.8], 60% women), higher physical activity was associated with reduced incidence of VaD (adjusted HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.49-0.87), but not AD nor all-cause dementia. These findings were also independent of APOE-epsilon 4 genotype. In AD mice, voluntary running did not improve memory, amyloid-beta, or synaptic proteins.Conclusions: Our results indicate that physical activity in midlife is associated with lower incidence of VaD. Using three different study designs, we found no significant association between physical activity and subsequent development of AD.
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| 43. |
- Hibar, Derrek P., et al.
(författare)
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Novel genetic loci associated with hippocampal volume
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hippocampal formation is a brain structure integrally involved in episodic memory, spatial navigation, cognition and stress responsiveness. Structural abnormalities in hippocampal volume and shape are found in several common neuropsychiatric disorders. To identify the genetic underpinnings of hippocampal structure here we perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 33,536 individuals and discover six independent loci significantly associated with hippocampal volume, four of them novel. Of the novel loci, three lie within genes (ASTN2, DPP4 and MAST4) and one is found 200 kb upstream of SHH. A hippocampal subfield analysis shows that a locus within the MSRB3 gene shows evidence of a localized effect along the dentate gyrus, subiculum, CA1 and fissure. Further, we show that genetic variants associated with decreased hippocampal volume are also associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (r(g) = -0.155). Our findings suggest novel biological pathways through which human genetic variation influences hippocampal volume and risk for neuropsychiatric illness.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Johansson, Martina Wyszynska, et al.
(författare)
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Vocational Didactics: Mapping the Terrain in Swedish Upper Secondary Vocational Education and Training
- 2024
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING-IJRVET. - 2197-8638 .- 2197-8646. ; 11:1, s. 76-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The article focuses on the contribution of didactics and didactic theory as a distinct strand in research on vocational education and training (VET). Empirical research is reviewed to further explore what characterizes vocational didactics in the Swedish context of Upper Secondary VET. Approach: Semi-structured and flexible review methodology was used to identify didactic research and map its emergent features. An analytic framework was constructed for this purpose and used iteratively throughout the review process. The framework expresses the constitutive simultaneous interdependence of the relationships A-B-C. They refer to A) the ways of how the actors engage with the content as meaning and matter or relationship between the actors and the content, B) the relationship between the actors and the method through interaction with the content, and C) relationship between the methods embedded in work tasks and school assignments and how they underpin the content. A total of 26 sources was identified and thematized as school-based vocational didactics, collaborative vocational didactics, and work-based vocational didactics. Findings: Four distinct features of vocational didactics in Upper Secondary Vocational Education and Training (USVET) are outlined: 1) Diversification of the use of simulation as a method in school-based education pointing to vocational knowledge and skills 2) broadening of instruction (and reflection) as a method by inclusion of several parties (e.g., supervisors, workplace staff, instructors-practitioners), 3) work tasks as a method pointing to vocational knowledge and skills as content, 4) interaction between several parties using verbal and non-verbal means. Despite a growing interest in the importance of work tasks in their dual affordance of meaning and matter, few sources deal with students' learning processes in alignment with the logic of the production of goods and services. Conclusion: The analytic framework we have put forth strengthens the conceptual boundaries of vocational didactics from a point of view of profession-related learning objectives (content), actors, and methods involved. Applying the didactic theories to review empirical research on VET strengthens the integrity of vocational didactics as a particular field.
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| 46. |
- Jönsson, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Detection and Analysis of Low-Abundance Cell-Surface Biomarkers Using Enzymatic Amplification in Microfluidic Droplets
- 2009
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 48:14, s. 2518-2521
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Finding the few: Cell-surface proteins are useful disease biomarkers, but current high-throughput methods are limited to detecting cells expressing more than several hundred proteins. Enzymatic amplification in microfluidic droplets (see picture) is a high-throughput method for detection and analysis of cell-surface biomarkers expressed at very low levels on individual human cells. Droplet optical labels allow concurrent analysis of several samples.
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| 47. |
- Karlsson, Jenny C, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic Interactions in Eae2 Control Collagen-Induced Arthritis and the CD4+/CD8+ T Cell Ratio.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunology. - 1550-6606. ; 174:1, s. 533-541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Eae2 locus on mouse chromosome 15 controls the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE); however, in this study we show that it also controls collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). To find the smallest disease-controlling locus/loci within Eae2, we have studied development of CIA in 676 mice from a partially advanced intercross. Eae2 congenic mice were bred with mice congenic for the Eae3/Cia5 locus on chromosome 3, previously shown to interact with Eae2. To create a large number of genetic recombinations within the congenic fragments, the offspring were intercrossed, and the eight subsequent generations were analyzed for CIA. We found that Eae2 consists of four Cia subloci (Cia26, Cia30, Cia31, and Cia32), of which two interacted with each other, conferring severe CIA. Genes within the other two loci independently interacted with genes in Eae3/Cia5. Investigation of the CD4/CD8 T cell ratio in mice from the partially advanced intercross shows that this trait is linked to one of the Eae2 subloci through interactions with Eae3/Cia5. Furthermore, the expression of CD86 on stimulated macrophages is linked to Eae2.
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| 48. |
- Klevstig, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiac expression of the microsomal triglyceride transport protein protects the heart function during ischemia
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2828 .- 1095-8584. ; 137, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The microsomal triglyceride transport protein (MTTP) is critical for assembly and secretion of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins and is most abundant in the liver and intestine. Surprisingly, MTTP is also expressed in the heart. Here we tested the functional relevance of cardiac MTTP expression. Materials and methods: We combined clinical studies, advanced expression analysis of human heart biopsies and analyses in genetically modified mice lacking cardiac expression of the MTTP-A isoform of MTTP. Results: Our results indicate that lower cardiac MTTP expression in humans is associated with structural and perfusion abnormalities in patients with ischemic heart disease. MTTP-A deficiency in mice heart does not affect total MTTP expression, activity or lipid concentration in the heart. Despite this, MTTP-A deficient mice displayed impaired cardiac function after a myocardial infarction. Expression analysis of MTTP indicates that MTTP expression is linked to cardiac function and responses in the heart. Conclusions: Our results indicate that MTTP may play an important role for the heart function in conjunction to ischemic events.
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| 49. |
- Klevstig, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Targeting acid sphingomyelinase reduces cardiac ceramide accumulation in the post-ischemic heart
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2828 .- 1095-8584. ; 93, s. 69-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ceramide accumulation is known to accompany acute myocardial ischemia, but its role in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease is unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine how ceramides accumulate in the ischemic heart and to determine if cardiac function following ischemia can be improved by reducing ceramide accumulation. To investigate the association between ceramide accumulation and heart function, we analyzed myocardial left ventricle biopsies from subjects with chronic ischemia and found that ceramide levels were higher in biopsies from subjects with reduced heart function. Ceramides are produced by either de novo synthesis or hydrolysis of sphingomyelin catalyzed by acid and/or neutral sphingomyelinase. We used cultured HL-1 cardiomyocytes to investigate these pathways and showed that acid sphingomyelinase activity rather than neutral sphingomyelinase activity or de novo sphingolipid synthesis was important for hypoxia-induced ceramide accumulation. We also used mice with a partial deficiency in acid sphingomyelinase (Smpd1(+/-) mice) to investigate if limiting ceramide accumulation under ischemic conditions would have a beneficial effect on heart function and survival. Although we showed that cardiac ceramide accumulation was reduced in Smpd1(+/-) mice 24 h after an induced myocardial infarction, this reduction was not accompanied by an improvement in heart function or survival. Our findings show that accumulation of cardiac ceramides in the post-ischemic heart is mediated by acid sphingomyelinase. However, targeting ceramide accumulation in the ischemic heart may not be a beneficial treatment strategy.
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| 50. |
- Kulén, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Methyl sulfonamide substituents improve the pharmacokinetic properties of bicyclic 2-pyridone based Chlamydia trachomatis inhibitors
- 2019
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Ingår i: MedChemComm. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2040-2503 .- 2040-2511. ; 10:11, s. 1966-1987
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chlamydia trachomatis infections are a global health problem and new approaches to treat C. trachomatis with drugs of high specificity would be valuable. A library of substituted ring fused 2-pyridones has been synthesized and evaluated for their ability to attenuate C. trachomatis infectivity. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies were performed, with the best candidates demonstrating that a C8-methylsulfonamide substituent improved pharmacokinetic properties important for oral administration. C8-Methyl sulfonamide analogue 30 inhibited C. trachomatis infectivity in low micromolar concentrations. Further pharmacokinetic evaluation at an oral dose of 10 mg kg(-1) showed an apparent bioavailability of 41%, compared to C8-cyclopropyl and -methoxy analogues which had negligible oral uptake. In vitro ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) testing of solubility and Caco-2 cell permeability revealed that both solubility and permeability is greatly improved with the C8-methyl sulfonamide 30, effectively moving it from BCS (Biopharmaceutical Classification System) class IV to II.
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