| 1. |
- Andersson Cederholm, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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Resenär - inte turist!
- 2002
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Ingår i: Resenär - inte turist!: Om ungdomar, resor och drömmar. - 0283-2976. ; årsbok 2003, s. 26-42
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Simon, 1980-
(författare)
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Skälig misstanke
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This doctoral dissertation studies the legal standard of proof called reasonable suspicion (skälig misstanke). This standard is central for criminal investigations as the majority of state criminal procedural actions (tvångsmedel) are tied to it, as well as the majority of a suspect’s rights. Despite the central role played by this standard, it has not to any significant extent been researched previously. What the standard entails cannot be seen from either the law or legislative history, and there are no published cases discussing it. As the meaning of the standard is not clear, there is much room for discretion in assessments as to whether the standard has been met. There consequently is a need to clarify what reasonable suspicion entails. What is required to fulfill the standard? How is reasonable suspicion to be assessed? These questions are answered in this dissertation.My investigation demonstrates that reasonable suspicion is a three-pronged standard:A requirement of preponderance of the evidenceReasonable suspicion entails a requirement of a preponderance of the evidence (sannolikhetsövervikt). This means, somewhat simplified, that it should be more probable that the suspect is guilty than innocent. The hypothesis underlying the reasonable suspicion of alleged guilt (gärningshypotesen) should be more probable than all other plausible hypotheses combined.A requirement of individualizationThe evidence must be sufficiently individualized in order to reach the level of reasonable suspicion. The requirement of individualization is in place to prevent that persons are suspected on the basis of group membership. The same is true with respect to persons belonging to groups where the probability of crime is generally high. In such situations, there must be a concrete circumstance pointing to just that person committing a certain crime. It can be, however, circumstances having very low evidentiary value. Group membership can still be of significance with respect to the suspect, but reasonable suspicion cannot be solely based on group membership. A generally applicable concept as to that distinguishing the general from the individual cannot however be articulated. All evidentiary evaluations are in some form based on generalizations. Consequently, the issue of whether the evidence is sufficiently individualized must be assessed from case to case. The main premise is that suspicion cannot be solely based on group belonging. This is a legal-political requirement. Legal-political aspects consequently must also be taken into consideration when evaluating evidence.A requirement of robustnessEven in cases where the evidence is evaluated so that a preponderance of the evidence exists and is sufficiently individualized, the evidence still needs to be sufficiently robust. Robustness is a measure of whether good grounds exist for the conclusion. It is not a question of how ”strong” the evidence is, but rather how thoroughly the situation has been investigated. Somewhat simplified, it is a question of ”how much” evidence exists rather than the strength of the individual pieces of evidence. This requirement of robustness varies depending upon time in that it is very low at the commencement of an investigation, but as time goes by, higher requirements are placed as to the ”completeness” of the investigation.
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| 3. |
- Andersson-Sköld, Yvonne, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Coal tar-containing asphalt : Resource or hazardous waste?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Ecology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1088-1980 .- 1530-9290. ; 11:4, s. 99-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coal tar was used in Sweden for the production of asphalt and for the drenching of stabilization gravel until 1973. The tar has high concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), some of which may be strongly carcinogenic. Approximately 20 million tonnes of tar-containing asphalt is present in the public roads in Sweden. Used asphalt from rebuilding can be classified as hazardous waste according to the Swedish Waste Act. The cost of treating the material removed as hazardous waste can be very high due to the large amount that has to be treated, and the total environmental benefit is unclear. The transport of used asphalt to landfill or combustion will affect other environmental targets. The present project, based on three case studies of road projects in Sweden, evaluates the consequences of four scenarios for handling the material: reuse, landfill, biological treatment, and incineration. The results show that reuse of the coal tar-containing materials in new road construction is the most favorable alternative in terms of cost, material use, land use, energy consumption, and air emissions.
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| 4. |
- Bombarda, F., et al.
(författare)
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Runaway electron beam control
- 2019
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Ingår i: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6587 .- 0741-3335. ; 61:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Bringert, Björn, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Student Paper: HaskellDB Improved
- 2004
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Ingår i: Haskell '04: Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN workshop on Haskell. - 1581138504 ; , s. 108-115
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an improved version of the HaskellDB database library. The original version relied on TRex, a Haskell extension supported only by the Hugs interpreter. We have replaced the use of TRex by a record implementation which uses more commonly implemented Haskell extensions. Additionally, HaskellDB now supports two different cross-platform database backends. Other changes include database creation functionality, bounded string support, performance enhancements, fixes to the optimisation logic, transaction support and more fine grained expression types.
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| 6. |
- Gårdebjer, Sofie, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of interfaces in laminated packaging on transport of carboxylic acids
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Membrane Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0376-7388 .- 1873-3123. ; 518, s. 305-312
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The permeability of oleic and acetic acid through low density polyethylene (LDPE) and ethylene acrylic acid (EAA) have been measured using diffusion cells. In addition, the permeability through combinations of LDPE and EAA in the form of laminates with different numbers of layers has been determined. Oleic acid shows an almost 30 times higher permeability compared to acetic acid, which was partly explained by the adsorption of oleic acid to the film surface during the permeability experiment. In addition, the permeability is lower for both oleic and acetic acid in the laminates compared to the pure films. The decreased permeability can be explained by the presence of crystalline domains close to the interface. This is supported by SAXS data which suggests an ordering of polymer chains in the EAA film close to the interface. In summary, the results show that it is possible to create barrier materials with decreased permeability, which is interesting for example in the packaging industry.
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
-
Underwater noise from fairways – policies, incentives and measures to reduce the environmental impact
- 2023
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Undervattensbuller och dess negativa inverkan på det marina livet är ett växande miljöproblem där den vetenskapliga kunskapen ökar men effektiva åtgärder saknas.Denna rapport är resultatet av en gemensam insats av IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet och Sjöfartsverket som adresserar denna utmaning. Motiverade av miljöhänsyn och kommande EU-lagstiftning är vår vision att Sverige ska bli det första landet som genomför nationella incitament för att minska undervattensbuller. De tekniska aspekterna av fartygsbuller under vatten är relativt välkända. I marschfart är kavitation vid propellern vanligtvis den dominerande källan till undervattensbuller, men detta gäller inte för alla fartyg. Standardiserade mätmetoder finns men är kostsamma att genomföra.Prediktionsmodeller är användbara för bullerkartläggning och uppskattningar över en hel flotta, men inte tillräckligt exakta för enskilda fartyg. Miljöpåverkan av undervattensbuller från fartyg har fått ökad vetenskaplig uppmärksamhet de senaste åren. Många studier har gjorts men dos-respons samband och trösklar för olika effekter är i stort sett okända. Beteendeeffekter, inklusive flyktreaktioner, svårigheter att undvika rovdjur och maskering av viktig kommunikation, har observerats hos ett stort antal arter vid exponering för fartygsbuller.Det finns inga nationella eller internationella bindande regler för undervattensbuller från fartyg. FN:s internationella sjöfartsorgan IMO håller för närvarande på att uppdatera sina frivilliga riktlinjer om fartygsbuller under vatten. EU inför lagstiftning om tillåtna nivåer av undervattensbuller från fartyg i miljön, som förväntas träda i kraft i medlemsländerna inom några år.Tekniska metoder för att minska undervattensbuller är kända men inte vetenskapligt validerade. Hastighetssänkningar kan minska undervattensbuller men kan medföra ökade driftskostnader för fartygsägarna. Intressenter inom reduktion av fartygs undervattensbuller finns hos fartygsägare, fartygsdesigners och teknikindustri, forskningsorgan och myndigheter.Genom intervjuer och workshops har ett nätverk av relevanta intressenter i Sverige etablerats. En intressentanalys visar att det finns ett behov av mer kunskap om fartygs undervattensbuller och dess miljöpåverkan samt dess begränsning. Farledsutformning för minskad transmission av undervattensbuller till miljön undersöks genom långtidsmätningar vid olika delar av farleden som leder till Västerås i Mälaren. Varken djup eller gir kunde påvisas ha någon effekt på det utstrålade bruset.Ett mer detaljerat försök skulle krävas för att klargöra om farledsdesign är ett genomförbart alternativ för bullerdämpning. Sex olika sätt att utforma ett ekonomiskt incitament för att minska fartygs undervattensbuller beskrivs. Det är möjligt att belöna hastighetssänkningar eller tekniska åtgärder för bullerdämpning, men det är inte utrett hur effektivt detta skulle vara.Ett incitament kan baseras på en tyst fartygsnotation från ett klassificeringssällskap, men dessa utfärdas relativt sällan. En bullerutredning kan utföras, men det kan vara svårt att identifiera de mest relevanta åtgärderna utan mätning av undervattensbuller.Skräddarsydda mätstationer vid eller nära hamninlopp kan vara ett kostnadseffektivt sätt att samla in mätdata, men noggrannheten i sådana opportunistiska mätningar skulle behöva förbättras om data ska kunna användas för ett ekonomiskt incitament.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Lizárraga, Raquel, et al.
(författare)
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Crystal and magnetic structure investigation of TbNi5-xCux (x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0) : Experiment and theory
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 74:9, s. 094419-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of Cu substitution on the structural and magnetic properties of TbNi5-xCux (x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0) have been investigated by x-ray diffraction, magnetization measurements and neutron powder and single crystal diffraction. The electronic and the magnetic structures of TbNi5 were studied using first principles theory. All samples were found to have the CaCu5-type structure, space group P6/mmm. The lattice parameters increase monotonically with increasing Cu concentration. The Curie temperature T-c has a maximum value of 29 K at x=1.0. The magnetic structure of TbNi5 at 10 K is incommensurate with a helimagnetic component [wave vector q similar to 2 pi/c(0,0,0.02)] perpendicular to a ferromagnetic one. In contrast, the substituted TbNi5-xCux alloy is ferromagnetic. All magnetic moments are observed to be located on the Tb atoms. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy in the ab plane is observed to be strongly increased by the Cu substitution, whereas the magnetization decreases with the Cu concentration. The observed magnetic structure of TbNi5 is consistent with first principles calculations regarding both the magnetic moments and the helimagnetic structure. The microscopical origin of the helimagnet is analyzed and correlated to the Fermi surface topology.
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| 11. |
- Nordanstig, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Mortality with Paclitaxel-Coated Devices in Peripheral Artery Disease.
- 2020
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Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 1533-4406 .- 0028-4793. ; 383, s. 2538-46
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The results of a recent meta-analysis aroused concern about an increased risk of death associated with the use of paclitaxel-coated angioplasty balloons and stents in lower-limb endovascular interventions for symptomatic peripheral artery disease.We conducted an unplanned interim analysis of data from a multicenter, randomized, open-label, registry-based clinical trial. At the time of the analysis, 2289 patients had been randomly assigned to treatment with drug-coated devices (the drug-coated-device group, 1149 patients) or treatment with uncoated devices (the uncoated-device group, 1140 patients). Randomization was stratified according to disease severity on the basis of whether patients had chronic limb-threatening ischemia (1480 patients) or intermittent claudication (809 patients). The single end point for this interim analysis was all-cause mortality.No patients were lost to follow-up. Paclitaxel was used as the coating agent for all the drug-coated devices. During a mean follow-up of 2.49 years, 574 patients died, including 293 patients (25.5%) in the drug-coated-device group and 281 patients (24.6%) in the uncoated-device group (hazard ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.92 to 1.22). At 1 year, all-cause mortality was 10.2% (117 patients) in the drug-coated-device group and 9.9% (113 patients) in the uncoated-device group. During the entire follow-up period, there was no significant difference in the incidence of death between the treatment groups among patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (33.4% [249 patients] in the drug-coated-device group and 33.1% [243 patients] in the uncoated-device group) or among those with intermittent claudication (10.9% [44 patients] and 9.4% [38 patients], respectively).In this randomized trial in which patients with peripheral artery disease received treatment with paclitaxel-coated or uncoated endovascular devices, the results of an unplanned interim analysis of all-cause mortality did not show a difference between the groups in the incidence of death during 1 to 4 years of follow-up. (Funded by the Swedish Research Council and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02051088.).
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| 12. |
- O'Dell, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Risken att bli kvar
- 2002
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Ingår i: Resenär - Inte turist! Om ungdomar, resor och drömmar. - 0283-2976. ; , s. 154-173
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Strand, Magnus, 1977-
(författare)
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The Passing-On Problem in EU Law Damages and Restitution
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis, the so-called passing-on problem is examined for the purposes of EU law. The passing-on problem may arise when an amount has been charged unlawfully, in whole or in part, and paid by a commercial enterprise. If the charge was contrary to EU law, the payer will usually claim the amount back by way of an action for restitution or damages. However, it has been counter argued that the amount cannot be claimed back by the payer, because it has been passed on to the next level of the supply chain. Under such circumstances, it must be determined who should be able to claim what portion of the original charge from whom, and whether it is also possible to claim for reduced sales due to an increased selling price.In this thesis, the main EU law issues triggered by passing-on are identified; ie access to court, substantive proximity (eg causation), and the estimation of awards. In the assessment, actions are distinguished with regard to the type of respondent targeted. Accordingly, actions against the EU, against a Member State, and against private individuals are all examined individually. In respect of actions brought against private individuals, EU law has so far only required for private individuals to be liable in damages for a breach of EU competition law. It is examined whether an action for restitution should equally be available under such circumstances. It is also separately examined whether horizontal liability in damages and/or restitution can be more generally available for a breach of EU law. Reasoned suggestions for solutions to all these EU law issues are offered, both in the course of discussions and in the final conclusions.It is emphasized that the passing-on problem in EU law does not only fall under the jurisdiction of the EU legislature and EU Courts, but also of the Member States. It is also noticed that the legal context has an impact on the EU law issues examined. It is finally submitted that a mixed restitution/damages approach offers the best opportunity to reconcile the various interests at stake in the passing-on problem.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Trilla, Lluis, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Wave farm collection grid analysis and design
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this report, the collection grid of a wave farm is designed and analysed, the system under consideration goes from the connection point at each power converter (included in each wave energy unit) up to the point of common connection with the main grid. Time series that have been provided by Ocean Harvesting Technologies (OHT), being obtained from their simulation models for a scaled prototype and include data for mild, medium and strong sea states. The simulation models have been validated against small scale tank testing of a prime mover, a wave rider buoy, and scaled testing of the power take-off in a land based test-rig. Wave data is taken from EMEC, Scotland [7]. The design of the collection grid aims to optimize its size by minimizing its cost while maximizing the power output. For the economical assessment three layouts are taken into account and several scenarios for different energy prices and interest rates are presented. A life-cycle analysis is also done where the entire life span of the collection grid is considered showing that around 30Euro/MWh will be the share of the electricity price required to install and operate the collection grid. The power quality of the resultant layout and its compliance with the grid code of the UK are analysed as well. This analysis includes power factor and voltage fluctuation estimation, line-fault ride-through assessment and flicker contribution analysis. Given the pulsating nature of the wave power systems special emphasis in the study of flicker emissions is done concluding that the proposed wave park is within the grid code limitations and even a reduction of a 66% in the flicker coefficients is reported when considering the aggregation of several units in one model.
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| 17. |
-
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 58:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 18. |
- Aagergaard, Sine, et al.
(författare)
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Scandinavian women’s football in world : migration, management and mixed identity
- 2013
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Ingår i: Soccer & Society. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1466-0970 .- 1743-9590. ; 14:6, s. 769-780
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This special issue has grown out of an ongoing Nordic collaborative research project (Nordcorp) using Scandinavian women’s football as a strategically selected extreme case (of organizational development) to study a Nordic sport model in transition. The common point of interest for the project group, which overlaps with the editors and authors in this issue of Soccer and Society, is a fascination with the current development of Scandinavian women’s football that stands out as an intriguing subject for bothsports research and the social sciences.
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| 19. |
- Aarnio, Harri, et al.
(författare)
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Recombination studies in a polyfluorene copolymer for photovoltaic applications
- 2005
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Ingår i: Synthetic Metals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0379-6779. ; 155:2, s. 299-302
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present detailed continuous wave (cw) and transient photoinduced absorption (PA) measurements in thin films of a novel alternating polyfluorene copolymer, poly[2,7-(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3-benzo-thiadiazole)] (DiO-PFDTBT), and its blends with the sol. fullerene deriv. [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid Me ester (PCBM) in wt. ratios of 1:0, 4:1 and 1:4. We measure the frequency, intensity and temp. dependence of the PA signal in the frequency domain, and compare with the results obtained from the transient PA decay measurements in the time domain. In all blends, the PA spectrum shows a broad high energy PA band ranging from .apprx.1 eV to 2 eV as well as a low energy band peaking at .apprx.0.35 eV. We attribute the low energy band to the P1 transition of polarons and part of the high energy band to the correlated P2 transition of polarons. Both frequency and time domain measurements show that the high energy band has two decay components, a faster component in the microsecond time regime and a slower component in the millisecond time regime. The slow component is strongly dispersive, whereas the fast component is practically non-dispersive. [on SciFinder (R)]
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| 20. |
- Abel, I, et al.
(författare)
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Overview of the JET results with the ITER-like wall
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 53:10, s. 104002-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following the completion in May 2011 of the shutdown for the installation of the beryllium wall and the tungsten divertor, the first set of JET campaigns have addressed the investigation of the retention properties and the development of operational scenarios with the new plasma-facing materials. The large reduction in the carbon content (more than a factor ten) led to a much lower Z(eff) (1.2-1.4) during L- and H-mode plasmas, and radiation during the burn-through phase of the plasma initiation with the consequence that breakdown failures are almost absent. Gas balance experiments have shown that the fuel retention rate with the new wall is substantially reduced with respect to the C wall. The re-establishment of the baseline H-mode and hybrid scenarios compatible with the new wall has required an optimization of the control of metallic impurity sources and heat loads. Stable type-I ELMy H-mode regimes with H-98,H-y2 close to 1 and beta(N) similar to 1.6 have been achieved using gas injection. ELM frequency is a key factor for the control of the metallic impurity accumulation. Pedestal temperatures tend to be lower with the new wall, leading to reduced confinement, but nitrogen seeding restores high pedestal temperatures and confinement. Compared with the carbon wall, major disruptions with the new wall show a lower radiated power and a slower current quench. The higher heat loads on Be wall plasma-facing components due to lower radiation made the routine use of massive gas injection for disruption mitigation essential.
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| 21. |
- Ahangari, Alebtekin, et al.
(författare)
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Acute intermittent porphyria symptoms during the menstrual cycle
- 2015
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Ingår i: Internal medicine journal (Print). - : Wiley. - 1444-0903 .- 1445-5994. ; 45:7, s. 725-731
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), a life-threatening form of the disease, is accompanied by several pain, mental and physical symptoms.Aims: In this study, we evaluated the cyclicity of AIP and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms in 32 women with DNA-diagnosed AIP during their menstrual cycles, in northern Sweden.Methods: The cyclicity of AIP symptoms and differences in them between the follicularand luteal phases, and the cyclicity of each symptom in each individual woman indifferent phases of her menstrual cycle were analysed with a prospective daily ratingquestionnaire. PMS symptoms were also evaluated in the patients on a daily rating scale.Results: Of the 32 women, 30 showed significant cyclicity in at least one AIP or PMS symptom (P < 0.05–0.001). Back pain (10/32) was the most frequent AIP pain symptomand sweet craving (10/15) was the most frequent PMS symptom. Pelvic pain (F = 4.823,P = 0.036), irritability (F = 7.399, P = 0.011), cheerfulness (F = 5.563, P = 0.025), sexualdesire (F = 8.298, P = 0.007), friendliness (F = 6.157, P = 0.019), breast tenderness (F =21.888, P = 0.000) and abdominal swelling (F = 16.982, P = 0.000) showed significantcyclicity. Pelvic pain and abdominal swelling (rs= 0.337, P < 0.001) showed the strongest correlation. The age of women with latent AIP was strongly correlated with abdominal swelling during the luteal phase (rs= 0.493, P < 0.01).Conclusion: Our results suggest that the symptoms of AIP patients change during their menstrual cycles.
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| 22. |
- Aho-Mantila, L., et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of SOLPS5.0 divertor solutions with drifts and currents against L-mode experiments in ASDEX Upgrade and JET
- 2017
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Ingår i: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0741-3335 .- 1361-6587. ; 59:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The divertor solutions obtained with the plasma edge modelling tool SOLPS5.0 are discussed. The code results are benchmarked against carefully analysed L-mode discharges at various density levels with and without impurity seeding in the full-metal tokamaks ASDEX Upgrade and JET. The role of the cross-field drifts and currents in the solutions is analysed in detail, and the improvements achieved by fully activating the drift and current terms in view of matching the experimental signals are addressed. The persisting discrepancies are also discussed.
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| 23. |
- Aldestam, Mona, 1968-
(författare)
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EC State aid rules : An analysis of the selectivity criterion
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The application of Art. 87(1) EC to taxes above all is connected to the application of the derogation method, which appears to be part of the selectivity criterion. This dissertation examines the application of the derogation method and the assessment of the selectivity criterion applied to taxes, primarily de lege lata, but also de lege ferenda. It begins with an analysis of the relationship among the criteria of Article 87(1) EC and continues with an analysis of the relationship between the derogation method and the assessment of the selectivity criterion applied to taxes. Several scholars have criticised the application of the derogation method because of the difficulty of identifying a derogation and of establishing the benchmark against which the derogation should be assessed. In this dissertation both the benchmark and the establishment of a derogation is analysed, partly with reference to the tax expenditure debate that occurred in the subject area of international taxation during the 1970s and 1980s. The selectivity criterion applied to taxes contains an assessment of justification, whereby the selective nature of a measure can be justified on the basis of the nature or general scheme of the system: Therfore the meaning and implications of this assessment are also examined. After all these issues have been examined de lege lata, the extents to which the application of the derogation method and the assessment of the selectivity criterion follow a logical system are discussed and recommendations for eliminating the identified deficiences are put forward.
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| 24. |
- Almgren, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Länge leve skolan! En text om utbildning, estetik och skolutveckling
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna skrift har arbetats fram av en grupp studenter på Lärande och samhälle som fortsättning och utveckling av examinationsuppgift på en terminslång kurs, där de hade att iscensätta ett dokumentärfilmsprojekt på högstadiet. Projektet ägde rum inom ramen för huvudämnet Kultur, medier, estetik (KME) - skapat genom en sammanslagning av estetiska ämnen med medie- och kulturstudier 2001 – som ända från starten har tillskrivit det estetiska en särskild förmåga att vända upp och ner på invanda synsätt och kritiserat skolan för att inte lämna tillräckligt utrymme åt denna radikala potential. Den som är det minsta intresserad av skol- och kulturarbete kan inte undgå att dras in i det nät av glödande engagemang, intrikata spörsmål och brottstycken av teoretiska diskussioner som dessa sju studenter väver. Man kommer mycket nära de problem de brottas med utan att någonsin hitta några definitiva svar. Viljan att göra nytt tillsammans med eleverna och med utgångspunkt i deras horisont är obändig. Men så är det ramarna för arbetet... De sju befinner sig i ett interregnum, i en korseld av krav från lärarutbildarna, lärarna på skolan och eleverna, som påminner dem: "Ni är inte våra lärare. Ni kommer hit några timmar i veckan från någon annanstans". Ingenting visar sig vara enkelt. Varför gläds inte eleverna åt att få göra något som kan få betydelse för dem "på riktigt"? Vad är egentligen skillnaden mellan dokumentär- och fiktionsfilm? Hur bedömer man elevernas prestationer i ett så pass öppet projekt? Finns det över huvud taget rum i dagens skola för en pedagogik som vill vara på en gång passionerad, polyfon, prövande och provokativ? Alla dessa är ord som väl kännetecknar skriftens första del, ett grafiskt kaos av utlagda spår som läsaren kan välja bland att följa. Här får man en "cut-up-bild" av de tankevärldar som studenterna försöker orientera sig mot och inom. Den läsare som finner estetiken för provocerande kan alltid börja med andra delen i stället, som analytiskt redogör för de olika filmprojekten. Del tre, slutligen, diskuterar förutsättningarna för de förhållningssätt som utvecklats inom KME att göra sig gällande inom ramen för den nya läroplanen Lgr 11.
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| 25. |
- Almgren, Torbjörn, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Diabetes in treated hypertension is common and carries a high cardiovascular risk: results from a 28-year follow-up.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of hypertension. - 0263-6352. ; 25:6, s. 1311-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyse predictive factors for development of type 2 diabetes during life-long therapy for hypertension and the alleged additional cardiovascular risk this constitutes. METHODS: The study group (n = 754) comprised the hypertensive subgroup of a randomized population sample of 7500 men, aged 47-54 years, screened for cardiovascular risk factors and followed for 25-28 years. The patients were treated with thiazide diuretics and beta-adrenergic blocking drugs with the addition of hydralazin during the first decade. Calcium antagonists were substituted for hydralazin and, if needed, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were added when these drugs became available. RESULTS: A total of 148 (20.4%) treated hypertensive patients developed diabetes during 25 years, and in multivariate Cox regression analysis body mass index, serum triglycerides and treatment with beta-blockers were positively related with this complication. New-onset diabetes implied a significantly increased risk for stroke [hazard ratio (HR): 1.67; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.1-2.6; P < 0.05], myocardial infarction (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.1-2.5; P < 0.05) and mortality (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.1-1.9; P < 0.05). The greatest risk for stroke was new-onset diabetes, followed by smoking (OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1-2.2; P = 0.07) and the greatest risk for myocardial infarction was new-onset diabetes, followed by smoking (HR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.1-2.4; P < 0.01). The greatest risk for mortality was smoking (HR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.3-2.2; P < 0.005). Achieved systolic and diastolic blood pressure were not predictive of cardiovascular complications or death. The mean observation time from onset of diabetes mellitus to a first stroke was 9.1 years and to a first myocardial infarction 9.3 years. CONCLUSION: Diabetes in treated hypertensive patients is alarmingly common and carries a high risk for cardiovascular complications and mortality.
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| 26. |
- Amirpour, Sepideh, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Highly thermal conductive graphene-based heatsink tailored for electric propulsion SiC-based inverter
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Applied Thermal Engineering. - 1359-4311. ; 243
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study introduces an innovative multidisciplinary design approach for highly conductive and lightweight pin-fin-based heatsinks leveraging the advantages of graphene technology. The primary objective is to optimize the thermal management of silicon carbide (SiC) based inverters within electric vehicles (EVs). To closely emulate the real SiC power module, comprehensive analyses, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), are performed on the module. A detailed fluid dynamics model utilizing a 3D-conjugate heat transfer (CHT) methodology is employed to evaluate the thermal behavior of SiC power switches in contact with the coolant. The multidisciplinary analysis is initially implemented on an aluminum-based heatsink, validated experimentally, and subsequently compared to graphene. The integration of graphene in the heatsink design demonstrates notable improvements, including a 24.4 % increase in the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and a 19.6 % reduction in thermal resistance (sink to fluid) at a 6 l/min fluid flow rate compared to its aluminum counterpart. Consequently, the SiC chips within the graphene-based heatsink exhibit an 11.5 % lower temperature rise compared to the aluminum version. The improvements in the cooling solution for SiC inverters in EVs, achieved through the adoption of graphene instead of traditional metals, serve as a proof of concept. This signifies a step forward in prioritizing the crucial balance between performance and power density.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Andersson, A., et al.
(författare)
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An analysis of inverter switching loss minimization based on discontinuous PWM for a salient-pole PMSM
- 2014
-
Ingår i: 2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'14-ECCE Europe), Lappeenranta, Finland, 26-28 August 2014. - 2325-0313. - 9781479930159
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the result of an inverter switching loss minimization technique based on discontinuous PWM patterns for a salient-pole PMSM with a two-level voltage source inverter for an automotive application. The suggested PWM patterns are evaluated using the resulting electromagnetic torque considering peak-to-peak ripple as well as the DC-current harmonic spectra. The study focuses on high rotational speeds, from 0.6-2.5 ωbase considering both current and voltage limitations. The analysis focuses on electromagnetic torque characteristics evaluated at steady state operation. The results show that the electromagnetic torque ripple is increased by up to 73 % and 78 % whereas the inverter switching losses is decreased by up to -17%and -41%for the EUDC driving cycle using DPWM30 and DPWM60, respectively.
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| 29. |
- Andersson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of an improved finite control set model predictive current controller for automotive propulsion applications
- 2020
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. - 0278-0046 .- 1557-9948. ; 67:1, s. 91-100
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an investigation on finite control set model predictive current control, validated experimentally with a rear axle electrical drive unit used in automotive applications. An improved problem formulation is suggested which lowers the computational turnaround time of the solver with approximately 40% for an horizon length of N=4. Apart from the computational requirement aspects, the assessment focuses on inverter efficiency, phase current total demand distortion, and acoustic performance. The proposed solution is evaluated against a standard double proportional and integrator (PI) field-oriented current controller with pulsewidth modulation. It is shown that the proposed solution is feasible, the associated optimization problem at hand can be solved in real time, while exploiting the attractiveness of the proposed improvements. In summary, it is concluded that the inverter efficiency can be improved without deteriorating neither the phase current harmonics nor the acoustic performance.
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| 30. |
- Andersson, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Electrical machine acoustic noise reduction based on rotor surface modifications
- 2017
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Ingår i: ECCE 2016 - IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, Proceedings. - 2329-3721. ; , s. Art. no. 7855075-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2016 IEEE.Electromagnetic acoustic noise from electrical machines has increasingly become an area of attention for both academia and industry. In electric propulsion systems, this is a main contributor to the total acoustic noise and it is usually perceived as annoying due to its tonal appearance. This paper presents an alternative rotor design for a permanent magnet synchronous machine with the objective to decrease prominent machine orders in the acoustic noise by force density harmonics minimization. Apart from this, torque characteristics and core losses are included in the study as well, in order to investigate possible adverse effects. In the proposed design, irregularities are introduced in the rotor surface to suppress harmonics in the flux density by locally altering the airgap permeance. The analysis is based on finite element modelling, using a sequentially solved, weak coupled, multi-physics approach which enables separation of the electromagnetic-, structural dynamical- and acoustic problems. The results show that the most prominent harmonics in the acoustic noise can be reduced without significantly deteriorating the dynamic performance. It is also demonstrated that the core losses of the machine is positively affected by the obtained harmonic magnitude reduction in the flux density. Although the paper focuses on minimization of radial force density harmonics, the results indicate that the approach and the methodology may also be used for torque harmonics minimization.
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| 31. |
- Andersson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental determination of inverter losses and sound consequences of using DPWM in an HEV
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Conference Proceedings - IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC. ; , s. 1382-1388
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an experimental determination of the inverter losses and acoustic noise consequences of using discontinuous PWM in a hybrid/electric vehicle application. Acoustic noise and stator vibrations were evaluated using measurements and inverter losses were evaluated both with the use of measurements as well as simulations. The entire operational area for positive torque was covered in the analysis. The results show that the total inverter losses were decreased with about 10-20% when DPWM was used. The introduction of discontinuity in the voltage modulation affects the harmonic content of the phase current. This was further investigated, both electrically and acoustically, focusing on harmonics around the switching frequency, since these are acoustically challenging in the intended application. Measurements show that the magnitude of phase current harmonics around the switching frequency were increased when discontinuous PWM was used. This increase, in the magnitude of these phase current harmonics, amplifies the corresponding harmonics in the stator vibrations which also increased the associated acoustic noise. Therefore, the acoustic noise radiated from the machine and the inverter was enlarged when discontinuous PWM was used. However, the results also show that the adverse acoustic effects were significantly decreased as the machine was operated in the field weakening area.
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| 32. |
- Andersson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Inverter losses minimization using variable switching frequency based on multi-objective optimization
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines, ICEM 2014. - 9781479943890 ; :Art. no. 6960271, s. 789-795
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the result of an VSI-losses minimization technique based on multi-objective convex optimization for a salient-pole PMSM with a two-level VSI for an automotive application. The optimization, using the switching frequency as control variable, is based on a multi-objective cost function defined by the combination of VSI-losses and electromagnetic torque peak-peak ripple, analytically expressed using time-domain current predictions. The optimization target is to keep an optimum balance between VSI-losses and electromagnetic torque ripple, using variable switching frequency (VSF). The primary objective with this article is the presented design methodology. Simulations are used to verify functionality as well as influence of different scaling factors. In addition, the NEDC driving cycle is used to further quantify the results for two different cost function setups.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Andersson, Anna-Karin, 1978-
(författare)
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Libertarianism and Potential Agents : A Libertarian View of the Moral Rights of Foetuses and Children
- 2007
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This essay advances a libertarian theory of moral rights, which responds effectively to some serious objections that have been raised against libertarianism. I show how libertarianism can explain children’s rights to certain physical integrity and aid. I defend strong moral rights of human, pre-natal organisms, infants and children against all agents to certain non-interference with their physical integrity. I also argue that parents’ moral obligation to aid their offspring follows from a moral principle that prohibits agents to actively harm rights-bearers. Since this is the core principle of all versions of libertarianism, we gain simplicity and coherence. In chapter two, I explain my theory’s similarities and differences to a libertarian theory of moral rights advanced by Robert Nozick in his 1974 book Anarchy, State, and Utopia. I explain the structure and coherence of negative moral rights as advanced by Nozick. Then, I discuss what these negative rights are rights to, and the criteria for being a rights-bearer. In chapter three, I formulate a clear distinction between active and passive behaviour, and discuss the moral importance of foreseeing consequences of one’s active interventions. In chapter four, I claim that some pre-natal human organisms, human infants, and children, are rights-bearers. I formulate a morally relevant characterization of potentiality, and argue that possession of such potentiality is sufficient to have negative rights against all agents. In chapter five, I discuss whether potential moral subjects, in addition, have positive moral rights against all agents to means sufficient to develop into actual moral subjects. I argue that this suggestion brings some difficulties when applied to rights-conflicts. In chapter six, I argue that potential moral subjects’ rights to means necessary to develop into actual moral subjects can be defended in terms of merely negative rights. By adopting the view advanced in this chapter, we get a simple, coherent theory. It avoids the difficulties in the view advanced in chapter five, while keeping its intuitively plausible features. In chapter seven, I discuss whether the entitlement theory is contradictory and morally repugnant. I argue that my version of the entitlement theory is not.
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| 35. |
- Andersson, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Motion sensorless IPMSM control using linear moving horizon estimation with luenberger observer state feedback
- 2018
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification. - 2332-7782. ; 4:2, s. 464-473
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an investigation of motion sensorless control based on the frame work of moving horizon estimation (MHE), validated experimentally with a rear axle electrical drive unit used in automotive applications. Both steady-state performance and dynamic performance, including speed reversal, are investigated. In addition, a well-established active flux-based observer is implemented and referenced to objectively evaluate the proposed MHE. It is shown that the proposed solution is feasible, that the associated dynamic optimization problem can be solved in real time, while exploiting the attractiveness of the approach to obtain highly accurate estimates. Moreover, the absence of ${d}$-axis flux in the proposed solution is considered a significant strength. Conclusively, it turns the proposed solution into a universal solution for any synchronous motor, regardless of whether a PM, PM-assisted, or reluctance motor is used, nondependent on the presence of magnetic saliency.
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| 36. |
- Andersson, Arne, et al.
(författare)
-
Tillsatsmedel i asfalt : påverkan på arbetsmiljö och omgivning (2006-02-06). Slutrapport
- 2006
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vissa tillsatsmedel upplevs idag som besvärliga för arbetsmiljön vid tillverkning och utläggning av asfaltmassa. Vidstående projekt som finansierats av SBUF och Peab Asfalt AB syftar till att ta fram relevanta fakta om tillsatsmedel och dess hälso- och miljöproblem. Projektet har dels inriktats som en förstudie av vad som hitintills har gjorts inom asfaltmiljöområdet både i Sverige och i utlandet, dels kompletterande fältmätningar vid asfaltläggning av polymermodifierad asfalt. Studien har utförts i samarbete mellan Peab Asfalt AB, VTI och Previa/ARA-miljö.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Andersson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
-
ON HIGH-ENERGY LEPTOPRODUCTION
- 1981
-
Ingår i: Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields. - 0170-9739. ; C9, s. 233-233
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 41. |
- Andersson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
-
PARTIspace. WP2 – National Contexts Comparative Report UNIBO, Italy UGOT, Sweden
- 2016
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The PARTISPACE study aims at undertaking a comparative analysis of youth participation or their involvement and engagement in decisions 'which concern them and, in general, the life of their communities' (European Commission, 2001a: 8). The central research question of the project is how and where 15- and 30 year-old young people do participate differently across social milieus and youth cultural scenes and across eight European cities (framed by different national welfare, education and youth policies). What styles of participation do they prefer, develop and apply and in what spaces does participation take place? Answers to these questions could improve the understanding of the complexities and contradictions of youth participation – on the side of policy makers as well as on the side of young people – and thereby help empowering young people in participating in society, renovating also concepts, definitions and discourses on what (youth) participation is, could and should be. The eight European cities in which we conduct the study are Bologna (IT), Eskisehir (TK), Frankfurt (DE), Gothenburg (SE), Manchester (UK), Plovdiv (BG), Rennes (FR) and Zurich (CH). They do not represent but secure contrasting contexts of young people’s growing up as well as differing orientations towards Europe. Although embedded in different national and local contexts, these eight cities are comparable in terms of dimension and relevance in the respective country. This ensures a sufficient provision and diversity of participatory settings without being too close to representative national government institutions and umbrella structures.
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| 42. |
- Andersson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Small x phenomenology: summary and status
- 2002
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 25:1, s. 77-101
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to summarize the general status of our understanding of small-x physics. It is based on presentations and discussions at an informal meeting OIL this topic held in Lund, Sweden, in March 2001. This document also marks the founding of an informal collaboration between experimentalists and theoreticians with a special interest in small-x physics. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Bo Andersson. who died unexpectedly from a heart attack on March 4th, 2002.
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| 43. |
- Andersson, Björn, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
WP2.PARTIspace. National Contexts. Comparative Report
- 2016
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Describes and compares youth policies, social conditions for youth and frameworks for youth participations in eight European cities. The report is a part of the Horizon 2020 project PARTIspace.
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| 44. |
- Andersson, Christer, et al.
(författare)
-
Acute intermittent porphyria in women : clinical expression, use and experience of exogenous sex hormones. A population-based study in northern Sweden
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 254:2, s. 176-183
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical expression of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) in women, their use of exogenous sex hormones, and the effects on AIP. DESIGN: A retrospective population-based study. SUBJECTS: All women aged > or =18 years (n = 190) with DNA-diagnosed AIP in northern Sweden. RESULTS: A total of 166 women (87%) participated; 91 (55%) had manifest AIP. Severe attacks were reported by 82%; 39% reported recurrent premenstrual AIP attacks and 22% reported chronic AIP symptoms. Oral hormonal contraceptives had been used by 58% of all these women and by 50 with manifest AIP (57%). Twelve women (24%) associated oral contraceptives as precipitating AIP attacks; in nine cases their first attack. One woman experienced relief from AIP symptoms. On commencing their treatment, 72% of the women with manifest AIP had not yet suffered their first attack. Twenty-two women (25%) aged > or =45 years had used hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) at menopause to remedy climacteric symptoms (the percutaneous route was most frequently used); no AIP attack was precipitated. HRT to remedy vaginal dryness was used by 26 women (28%) aged > or =45 years without triggering an AIP attack. Miscarriages were more frequent in women with manifest AIP (50%) than in the latent group (30%, P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: About half of the women with AIP had used oral hormonal contraceptives. As 25% of women with manifest AIP reported attacks associated with such drugs, caution must still be recommended. Menopausal HRT only rarely affected the disorder. Miscarriage was more common amongst women with manifest AIP.
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| 45. |
- Andersson, Christer, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Atypical attack of acute intermittent porphyria : paresis but not abdominal pain
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 252:3, s. 265-270
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a case of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) in a 45-year-old woman. Her first attack occurred at the age of 38. Because of escalating cyclical premenstrual attacks, the following 2 years, depletion of the endogenous sex hormone was considered as haeme arginate treatment proved insufficient. Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist treatment with low-dose oestradiol add back was quite successful initially but was abandoned after 18 months when progesterone add back precipitated a severe attack. Following hysterectomy and oophorectomy at age 42 and oestradiol add back, a remarkable monthly regularity of attacks ensured periodically but with milder symptoms. Two years after surgery, preceded by six attack-free months, a puzzling symptom-shift occurred, from abdominal pain, back and thigh pain during the attacks, to solely severe distal extensor paresis in the arms. Haeme arginate treatment interrupted the progress of the paresis almost immediately and motor function improved considerably up to the 9-month follow-up. Electrophysiological examination revealed only motor neuropathy, consistent with axonal degeneration. Subsequently the symptoms changed yet again, to sensory disturbances with numbness and dysesthesia as the primary expression followed by rather mild abdominal pain. However, cyclical attacks occurred, despite absence of endogenous ovarial hormone production, possibly attributable to impaired oestrogen metabolism in the liver, or adrenal oestrogen production. Treatment comprising oophorectomy, low-dose oestradiol add back and haeme arginate infusion for 2 days on the appearance of early AIP symptoms is now quite successful affording improvement in life quality.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Andersson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
-
Walking football for Health - physiological response to playing and characteristics of the players.
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Science and medicine in football. - : Routledge. - 2473-3938 .- 2473-4446. ; , s. 1-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Walking Football (WF) is one type of recreational football increasing in popularity, targeting older adults. Further knowledge on the intensity and physical workload of WF, characteristics of the players, the social context, and reasons for playing WF is needed. Thus, the aim of the study was to characterize the individuals that regularly play WF and their experience of WF, and the physiological characteristics of the sport. Sixty-three players from three clubs taking part in organised WF in Sweden were included. The players participated in up to four WF-games and underwent performance tests and answered a questionnaire. The participants mean age was 70.9 years, ranging from 63 to 85 years with 71% (n = 27) of the men and 68% (n = 13) of the women having a BMI > 25. Fifty-one percent (n = 27) of the players had hypertension, and 73% (n = 39) regularly used prescription drugs due to illness. During WF, the players covered on average 2,409 m (2,509 m for men and 2,205 m for women, p = .001). Expressed in percentage of their age-estimated maximal heart rate, mean heart rate represented 80 ± 9 and 80 ± 8% of max for men, and 78 ± 9 and 79 ± 9% of max for women in the first and second halves, respectively, hence WF can be considered a moderate intensity activity for older adults. The main reason for WF participation was to socialize. WF includes a considerable number of accelerations and decelerations, making it more energetically and mechanically demanding than walking.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Andersson, Jonas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of intensive lifestyle intervention on C-reactive protein in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and obesity : results from a randomized controlled trial with 5-year follow-up
- 2008
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Ingår i: Biomarkers: biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-5804. ; 13:7, s. 671-679
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. To study the effects of lifestyle on CRP in a high-risk population we conducted a randomized controlled trial on 200 obese subjects (BMI > 27 kg m(-2)) with impaired glucose tolerance recruited from primary care settings. They were randomized to either a 1-month stay at a wellness centre focusing on diet, exercise and stress management (intervention group) or 30-60 min of oral and written information on lifestyle intervention (control group). A significant reduction of CRP was observed after 1 month and 1 year in the intervention group. They reduced their CRP levels more than the control group 1 year after intervention (p=0.004). In conclusion lifestyle intervention can decrease CRP in obese individuals with impaired glucose tolerance for up to 1 year. Further research is needed to evaluate whether the CRP level reduction translates into a decreased risk for cardiovascular morbidity.
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| 50. |
- Andersson, Jonas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of heavy endurance physical exercise on inflammatory markers in non-athletes
- 2010
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 209:2, s. 601-605
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Physical activity has beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease but the mechanisms are still somewhat unclear. One possible pathway may be through the anti-inflammatory effects attributed to regular physical activity. Our primary aim was to study the effects of endurance physical exercise on C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFalpha) during the acute and recovery phases. Secondarily, we studied the impact of diet on these inflammatory markers.METHODS: Twenty men, aged 18-55 years, participated in a 14 days cross-country skiing tour. They traveled 12-30km per day corresponding to about 10h of heavy physical activity. The participants were randomized to a diet with either 30 or 40% of energy derived from fat. Inflammatory variables were analysed at week 0, after 1 and 2 weeks and during the recovery phase at week 6 and 8.RESULTS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly during the two weeks of exercise (1.4-5.0mg/l, p=0.00 and 6.8-8.4pg/ml, p=0.00). CRP levels were significantly lower during recovery (median 0.7mg/l) compared to baseline (median 1.4mg/l) and did not correlate to metabolic variables. There were no significant changes in IL-6 levels during the study period. For dietary groups significant CRP changes were observed only in the high fat group during recovery.CONCLUSIONS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly but reacted differently during heavy physical activity while there seemed to be no significant changes in IL-6. No significant differences regarding inflammatory variables were found between the dietary groups.
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