| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Abellán, C., et al.
(författare)
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Challenging Local Realism with Human Choices
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 557, s. 212-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Bell test is a randomized trial that compares experimental observations against the philosophical worldview of local realism , in which the properties of the physical world are independent of our observation of them and no signal travels faster than light. A Bell test requires spatially distributed entanglement, fast and high-efficiency detection and unpredictable measurement settings. Although technology can satisfy the first two of these requirements, the use of physical devices to choose settings in a Bell test involves making assumptions about the physics that one aims to test. Bell himself noted this weakness in using physical setting choices and argued that human 'free will' could be used rigorously to ensure unpredictability in Bell tests. Here we report a set of local-realism tests using human choices, which avoids assumptions about predictability in physics. We recruited about 100,000 human participants to play an online video game that incentivizes fast, sustained input of unpredictable selections and illustrates Bell-test methodology. The participants generated 97,347,490 binary choices, which were directed via a scalable web platform to 12 laboratories on five continents, where 13 experiments tested local realism using photons, single atoms, atomic ensembles and superconducting devices. Over a 12-hour period on 30 November 2016, participants worldwide provided a sustained data flow of over 1,000 bits per second to the experiments, which used different human-generated data to choose each measurement setting. The observed correlations strongly contradict local realism and other realistic positions in bi-partite and tri-partite 12 scenarios. Project outcomes include closing the 'freedom-of-choice loophole' (the possibility that the setting choices are influenced by 'hidden variables' to correlate with the particle properties), the utilization of video-game methods for rapid collection of human-generated randomness, and the use of networking techniques for global participation in experimental science.
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| 3. |
- Sen, P, et al.
(författare)
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Vaccine hesitancy decreases in rheumatic diseases, long-term concerns remain in myositis: a comparative analysis of the COVAD surveys
- 2023
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Ingår i: Rheumatology (Oxford, England). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-0332 .- 1462-0324. ; 62:10, s. 3291-3301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveCOVID-19 vaccines have a favorable safety profile in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) such as idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs); however, hesitancy continues to persist among these patients. Therefore, we studied the prevalence, predictors and reasons for hesitancy in patients with IIMs, other AIRDs, non-rheumatic autoimmune diseases (nrAIDs) and healthy controls (HCs), using data from the two international COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD) e-surveys.MethodsThe first and second COVAD patient self-reported e-surveys were circulated from March to December 2021, and February to June 2022 (ongoing). We collected data on demographics, comorbidities, COVID-19 infection and vaccination history, reasons for hesitancy, and patient reported outcomes. Predictors of hesitancy were analysed using regression models in different groups.ResultsWe analysed data from 18 882 (COVAD-1) and 7666 (COVAD-2) respondents. Reassuringly, hesitancy decreased from 2021 (16.5%) to 2022 (5.1%) (OR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.30, P < 0.001). However, concerns/fear over long-term safety had increased (OR: 3.6; 95% CI: 2.9, 4.6, P < 0.01). We noted with concern greater skepticism over vaccine science among patients with IIMs than AIRDs (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.08, 3.2, P = 0.023) and HCs (OR: 4; 95% CI: 1.9, 8.1, P < 0.001), as well as more long-term safety concerns/fear (IIMs vs AIRDs – OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2, 2.9, P = 0.001; IIMs vs HCs – OR: 5.4 95% CI: 3, 9.6, P < 0.001). Caucasians [OR 4.2 (1.7–10.3)] were likely to be more hesitant, while those with better PROMIS physical health score were less hesitant [OR 0.9 (0.8–0.97)].ConclusionVaccine hesitancy has decreased from 2021 to 2022, long-term safety concerns remain among patients with IIMs, particularly in Caucasians and those with poor physical function.
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| 5. |
- Barregård, Lars, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Human and Methodological Sources of Variability in the Measurement of Urinary 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2 '-deoxyguanosine
- 2013
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Ingår i: Antioxidants and Redox Signaling. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1523-0864 .- 1557-7716. ; 18:18, s. 2377-2391
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is a widely used biomarker of oxidative stress. However, variability between chromatographic and ELISA methods hampers interpretation of data, and this variability may increase should urine composition differ between individuals, leading to assay interference. Furthermore, optimal urine sampling conditions are not well defined. We performed inter-laboratory comparisons of 8-oxodG measurement between mass spectrometric-, electrochemical- and ELISA-based methods, using common within-technique calibrants to analyze 8-oxodG-spiked phosphate-buffered saline and urine samples. We also investigated human subject- and sample collection-related variables, as potential sources of variability. Results: Chromatographic assays showed high agreement across urines from different subjects, whereas ELISAs showed far more inter-laboratory variation and generally overestimated levels, compared to the chromatographic assays. Excretion rates in timed 'spot' samples showed strong correlations with 24 h excretion (the 'gold' standard) of urinary 8-oxodG (r(p) 0.67-0.90), although the associations were weaker for 8-oxodG adjusted for creatinine or specific gravity (SG). The within-individual excretion of 8-oxodG varied only moderately between days (CV 17% for 24 h excretion and 20% for first void, creatinine-corrected samples). Innovation: This is the first comprehensive study of both human and methodological factors influencing 8-oxodG measurement, providing key information for future studies with this important biomarker. Conclusion: ELISA variability is greater than chromatographic assay variability, and cannot determine absolute levels of 8-oxodG. Use of standardized calibrants greatly improves intra-technique agreement and, for the chromatographic assays, importantly allows integration of results for pooled analyses. If 24 h samples are not feasible, creatinine- or SG-adjusted first morning samples are recommended.
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| 6. |
- Andreoli, L, et al.
(författare)
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EULAR recommendations for women's health and the management of family planning, assisted reproduction, pregnancy and menopause in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and/or antiphospholipid syndrome
- 2017
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Ingår i: Annals of the rheumatic diseases. - : BMJ. - 1468-2060 .- 0003-4967. ; 76:3, s. 476-485
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Develop recommendations for women's health issues and family planning in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and/or antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).MethodsSystematic review of evidence followed by modified Delphi method to compile questions, elicit expert opinions and reach consensus.ResultsFamily planning should be discussed as early as possible after diagnosis. Most women can have successful pregnancies and measures can be taken to reduce the risks of adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Risk stratification includes disease activity, autoantibody profile, previous vascular and pregnancy morbidity, hypertension and the use of drugs (emphasis on benefits from hydroxychloroquine and antiplatelets/anticoagulants). Hormonal contraception and menopause replacement therapy can be used in patients with stable/inactive disease and low risk of thrombosis. Fertility preservation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues should be considered prior to the use of alkylating agents. Assisted reproduction techniques can be safely used in patients with stable/inactive disease; patients with positive antiphospholipid antibodies/APS should receive anticoagulation and/or low-dose aspirin. Assessment of disease activity, renal function and serological markers is important for diagnosing disease flares and monitoring for obstetrical adverse outcomes. Fetal monitoring includes Doppler ultrasonography and fetal biometry, particularly in the third trimester, to screen for placental insufficiency and small for gestational age fetuses. Screening for gynaecological malignancies is similar to the general population, with increased vigilance for cervical premalignant lesions if exposed to immunosuppressive drugs. Human papillomavirus immunisation can be used in women with stable/inactive disease.ConclusionsRecommendations for women's health issues in SLE and/or APS were developed using an evidence-based approach followed by expert consensus.
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| 7. |
- Chertow, GM, et al.
(författare)
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Study Design and Baseline Characteristics of the CARDINAL Trial: A Phase 3 Study of Bardoxolone Methyl in Patients with Alport Syndrome
- 2021
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Ingår i: American journal of nephrology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9670 .- 0250-8095. ; 52:3, s. 180-189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Alport syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects as many as 60,000 persons in the USA and a total of 103,000 persons (<5 per 10,000) in the European Union [1, 2]. It is the second most common inherited cause of kidney failure and is characterized by progressive loss of kidney function that often leads to end-stage kidney disease. Currently, there are no approved disease-specific agents for therapeutic use. We designed a phase 3 study (CARDINAL; NCT03019185) to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of bardoxolone methyl in patients with Alport syndrome. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The CARDINAL phase 3 study is an international, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized registrational trial. Eligible patients were of ages 12–70 years with confirmed genetic or histologic diagnosis of Alport syndrome, eGFR 30–90 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>, and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) ≤3,500 mg/g. Patients with B-type natriuretic peptide values >200 pg/mL at baseline or with significant cardiovascular histories were excluded. Patients were randomized 1:1 to bardoxolone methyl or placebo, with stratification by baseline UACR. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 371 patients were screened, and 157 patients were randomly assigned to receive bardoxolone methyl (<i>n</i> = 77) or placebo (<i>n</i> = 80). The average age at screening was 39.2 years, and 23 (15%) were <18 years of age. Of the randomized population, 146 (93%) had confirmed genetic diagnosis of Alport syndrome, and 62% of patients had X-linked mode of inheritance. Mean baseline eGFR was 62.7 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>, and the geometric mean UACR was 141.0 mg/g. The average annual rate of eGFR decline prior to enrollment in the study was −4.9 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> despite 78% of the patient population receiving ACE inhibitor (ACEi) or ARB therapy. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> CARDINAL is one of the largest interventional, randomized controlled trials in Alport syndrome conducted to date. Despite the use of ACEi or ARB, patients were experiencing significant loss of kidney function prior to study entry.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Agnati, LF, et al.
(författare)
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Possible relevance of receptor-receptor interactions between viral- and host-coded receptors for viral-induced disease
- 2007
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Ingår i: TheScientificWorldJournal. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1537-744X. ; 7, s. 1073-1081
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been demonstrated that some viruses, such as the cytomegalovirus, code for G-protein coupled receptors not only to elude the immune system, but also to redirect cellular signaling in the receptor networks of the host cells. In view of the existence of receptor-receptor interactions, the hypothesis is introduced that these viral-coded receptors not only operate as constitutively active monomers, but also can affect other receptor function by interacting with receptors of the host cell. Furthermore, it is suggested that viruses could also insert not single receptors (monomers), but clusters of receptors (receptor mosaics), altering the cell metabolism in a profound way. The prevention of viral receptor-induced changes in host receptor networks may give rise to novel antiviral drugs that counteract viral-induced disease.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Andreoli, L., et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 VACCINE SAFETY DURING PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEEDING IN WOMEN WITH AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES : RESULTS FROM THE COVAD STUDY
- 2023
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : HighWire Press. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 82:Suppl. 1, s. 56-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among pregnant and breastfeeding women with autoimmune diseases (AID) is often attributed to the fear of adverse events (AE) and disease flares (DF). No data are available regarding COVID-19 vaccine safety in this population.Objectives: We aimed at describing delayed-onset (>7 days) vaccine-related AE (minor and major), DF, and related AID treatment modifications from the COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD) study.Methods: Among complete responses from 9201 participants as of June 21, 2022, 6787 (73.8%) were women. Six subgroups were identified upon diagnosis of AID vs healthy controls (HC) and their pregnancy/breastfeeding status at the time of any dose of vaccine (Figure 1).Results: Forty pregnant and 52 breastfeeding AID patients were identified and their vaccination rates (at least one dose) was 100% and 96.2%, respectively (Table 1). Overall AE, minor AE, and major AE were reported significantly more frequently by pregnant than non-pregnant patients (45% vs. 26%, p=0.01; 40% vs. 25.9%, p=0.03; 17.5% vs. 4.6%, p<0.01), but no difference was found in comparison with pregnant HC. No difference was observed between breastfeeding patients and HC. Post-vaccination DF were reported by 17.5% of pregnant and 20% of breastfeeding patients, and by 18% of age- and disease-matched control patients (n=2315). All DF in pregnant/breastfeeding patients were managed with glucocorticoids and a fifth of them required initiation or change in immunosuppressive treatment.Conclusion: This study provides the first insights into the safety of COVID-19 vaccination during the antenatal period in women with AID. While AEs were more commonly reported by pregnant patients with AID, these were no higher than among pregnant healthy controls without AID. These observations are reassuring, likely to strengthen physician-patient communication and overcome hesitancy as the benefits for the mother and fetus by passive immunization are likely to overweigh the potential risks of AE and DF.Reference: [1]Fazal ZZ, et al; COVAD Study Group. COVAD survey 2 long-term outcomes: unmet need and protocol. Rheumatol Int 2022; 42:2151-2158.
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| 17. |
- Andreoli, María F, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-prandial plasma liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) concentration in humans is inversely associated with hunger sensation in a ghrelin independent manner.
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) is a newly recognized peptide hormone that acts via the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) blunting the effects of ghrelin and displaying ghrelin-independent actions. Since the implications of LEAP2 are beginning to be elucidated, we investigated if plasma LEAP2 concentration varies with feeding status or sex and whether it is associated with glucose metabolism and appetite sensations.METHODS: We performed a single test meal study, in which plasma concentrations of LEAP2, ghrelin, insulin and glucose as well as visual analogue scales for hunger, desire to eat, prospective food consumption, fullness were assessed before and 60 min after breakfast in 44 participants (n = 21 females) with normal weight (NW) or overweight/obesity (OW/OB).RESULTS: Pre-prandial plasma LEAP2 concentration was ~ 1.6-fold higher whereas ghrelin was ~ 2.0-fold lower in individuals with OW/OB (p < 0.001) independently of sex. After adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and sex, pre-prandial plasma LEAP2 concentration displayed a direct relationship with BMI (β: 0.09; 95%CI: 0.05, 0.13; p < 0.001), fat mass (β: 0.05; 95%CI: 0.01, 0.09; p = 0.010) and glycemia (β: 0.24; 95%CI: 0.05, 0.43; p = 0.021), whereas plasma ghrelin concentration displayed an inverse relationship with BMI and fat mass but not with glycemia. Postprandial plasma LEAP2 concentration increased ~ 58% in females with OW/OB (p = 0.045) but not in females with NW or in males. Pre-prandial plasma LEAP2 concentration displayed an inverse relationship with hunger score (β: - 11.16; 95% CI: - 18.52, - 3.79; p = 0.004), in a BMI-, sex- and ghrelin-independent manner.CONCLUSIONS: LEAP2 emerges as a key hormone implicated in the regulation of metabolism and appetite in humans.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was retrospectively registered in clinicaltrials.gov (April 2023).CLINICALTRIALS: gov Identifier: NCT05815641.
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| 18. |
- Bianchi, F., et al.
(författare)
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Novel sample-substrates for the determination of new psychoactive substances in oral fluid by desorption electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry
- 2019
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Ingår i: Talanta. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0039-9140 .- 1873-3573. ; 202, s. 136-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A reliable screening and non invasive method based on the use of microextraction by packed sorbent coupled with desorption electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the detection of new psychoactive substances in oral fluid. The role of different sample substrates in enhancing signal intensity and stability was evaluated by testing the performances of two polylactide-based materials, i.e. non-functionalized and functionalized with carbon nanoparticles, and a silica-based material compared to commercially available polytetrafluorethylene supports. The best results were achieved by using the non-functionalized polylactide substrates to efficiently ionize compounds in positive ionization mode, whereas the silica coating proved to be the best choice for operating in negative ionization mode. LLOQs in the low μg/L, a good precision with CV% always lower than 16% and RR% in the 83(±4)-120(±2)% range, proved the suitability of the developed method for the determination of the analytes in oral fluid. Finally, the method was applied for screening oral fluid samples for the presence of psychoactive substances during private parties, revealing mephedrone in only one sample out of 40 submitted to analysis.
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| 19. |
- Chavatza, K, et al.
(författare)
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EULAR RECOMMENDATION-BASED QUALITY INDICATORS (QIS) FOR SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE): ELABORATION, FINAL SET, PERFORMANCE AND INITIAL VALIDATION
- 2021
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Ingår i: ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 80, s. 635-636
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Targets of therapy and quality of care are receiving increased attention in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Objectives:To develop Quality Indicators (QIs) for the care of SLE patients based on the EULAR recommendations, and assess their performance.Methods:Using the published EULAR recommendations for SLE, we developed 44 candidate QIs. These were independently rated for validity and feasibility by 12 experts, analysed by a modified RAND/UCLA model and further scrutinized based on the scorings and expert opinion. (Fig.1) Adherence to the final set of QIs was tested in a cohort of 220 SLE patients combined with an assessment on its impact on disease outcomes such as flares, hospitalizations and organ damage.Results:The panel rated 18 QIs as valid and feasible. These involve diagnosis; disease and damage assessment; monitoring for lupus nephritis and drug toxicity; therapy and targets of therapy; fertility and pregnancy; and adjunct therapy (preventive measures for osteoporosis, vaccination, cardiovascular disease). On average, SLE patients received 54% (95%CI 52–56%) of the indicated care with adherence ranging from 41% for QIs related to monitoring to 88% for treatment-related QIs. Regarding targets of therapy, sustained remission or low disease activity were achieved in 27%, while 94% of patients received low-dose glucocorticoids, and 92% the recommended hydroxychloroquine dose. Dependent upon individual QI tested, adherence for lupus nephritis-related QIs was 88% for receiving appropriate adjunct therapy (ACE inhibitors) to 100% for being treated with the indicated immunosuppressive treatment. In contrast, adherence to QIs related to preventive measures and other adjunct therapies was moderate to low. Notably, patients who were eligible for cardiovascular risk modification, vaccination, and osteoporosis management received lower quality of care (40.5%, 47.7% and 45.5% respectively) while 91.4% had sunscreen protection. In reference to laboratory work-up and monitoring, complete laboratory work-up at diagnosis was performed in 48%, while disease activity and damage, were fully assessed only in 14.1% (in three consecutive visits) and 28.6% (annually) respectively, Similarly, reproductive health and pregnancy counselling adherence rates were modest estimated at 50% and 62% respectively. Higher adherence to the indicated care during follow-up (monitoring QIs) was associated with reduced risk for adverse outcomes during the last year of observation (OR 0.97, 95%CI 0.96-0.99). Patients who achieved sustained remission or LLDAS, exhibited fewer flares (OR=0.15, p-value<0.001) and damage accrual (OR=0.35, p-value<0.001). Of interest, patients who received low-dose of GCs or were appropriately vaccinated, had a lower risk of experiencing a flare (OR=0.23 and 0.46 respectively).Conclusion:A set of 18 QIs based on the EULAR recommendations for SLE was developed to be used towards improving care in SLE. Initial real-life data suggest variable degree of adherence with higher adherence resulting in reduced adverse outcomes.References:[1]Fanouriakis, et al., 2019 Update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus. In Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (Vol. 78, Issue 6, pp. 736–745). BMJ Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215089.[2]Nikolopoulos, D., et al., Evolving phenotype of systemic lupus erythematosus in Caucasians: low incidence of lupus nephritis, high burden of neuropsychiatric disease and increased rates of late-onset lupus in the ‘Attikon’ cohort. Lupus, 29(5), 514–522. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961203320908932.Acknowledgements:This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 742390)Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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| 20. |
- Fittipaldi, Antonela S., et al.
(författare)
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Ghrelin proteolysis increases in plasma of men, but not women, with obesity
- 2023
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Ingår i: Life Sciences. - : Elsevier. - 0024-3205 .- 1879-0631. ; 313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Since plasma ghrelin can undergo des-acylation and proteolysis, the aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which an enhancement of these reactions is associated to the decrease of ghrelin in plasma after food intake or in individuals with obesity.Main methods: we performed an intervention cross-sectional study, in which levels of ghrelin, desacyl-ghrelin (DAG), glucose, insulin, ghrelin des-acylation and ghrelin proteolysis were assessed in plasma before and after a test meal in 40 people (n = 21 males) with normal weight (NW, n = 20) or overweight/obesity (OW/OB, n = 20).Key findings: Preprandial ghrelin and DAG levels were lower, whereas preprandial ghrelin proteolysis was -4.6-fold higher in plasma of males with OW/OB. In males, ghrelin proteolysis positively correlated with glycemia. Ghrelin and DAG levels were also lower in females with OW/OB, but preprandial ghrelin proteolysis was not different between females with NW or OW/OB. Ghrelin and DAG levels decreased postprandially in males and females, independently of BMI, and ghrelin proteolysis increased postprandially-2 folds only in individuals with NW. Ghrelin des-acylation remained unaffected by BMI or feeding status in both sexes.Significance: Current study shows that ghrelin proteolysis increases in males with obesity as well as after meal in lean individuals. Therefore, ghrelin proteolysis may be an important checkpoint and, consequently, a putative pharmacological target to control circulating ghrelin levels in humans.
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| 21. |
- Gennari, R, et al.
(författare)
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Early detection of cancer: ideas for a debate.
- 2007
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Ingår i: critical reviews in Oncology Hematology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1040-8428. ; 61, s. 97-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Even if the overall number of cancer is increasing, the mortality has started to decrease in the Western World. The role of early detection in this decrease is a matter of debate. To assess its impact on mortality it is important to distinguish between diagnosis of cancer in symptomatic patients, and early detection in asymptomatic individuals who may self-refer or who may be offered ad hoc or systematic screening. The policies for early detection and screening vary greatly between European countries, despite many similarities in their cancer burden, and this partly reflects the uncertainties surrounding asymptomatic testing for cancer. A Task Force of European expert, held in Azzate (VA), Italy, established to address these issues, acknowledged the need for more research in the field of individual risk assessment since general statistics are more and more perceived as inadequate to design personal early detection plans. The group also recognised that combinations of early detection and screening will enforce the effectiveness of new treatments in curbing mortality curves, although policies will vary with different cancers.
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| 22. |
- Jeliazkova, N, et al.
(författare)
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Towards FAIR nanosafety data
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature nanotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1748-3395 .- 1748-3387. ; 16:86, s. 644-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 27. |
- Westgate, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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A reappraisal of legacy reflection seismic data from the western margin of the Kaapvaal craton, South Africa, with implications for Mesozoic-Cenozoic regional tectonics
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tectonophysics. - : Elsevier. - 0040-1951 .- 1879-3266. ; 813
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 150 km long, 6 s TWT, 2D seismic profile KBF03A, which was acquired in 1994 and lies near the western edge of the Kaapvaal craton in South Africa, has been reprocessed using standard reflection seismic processing methods. The results exhibit a significant improvement in the imaging quality of the subsurface features and an evident boost in the signal-to-noise ratio. The improved seismic data, combined with application of seismic attributes, integration with surficial geological and geophysical maps, and computation of velocity tomograms, has revealed previously undetected structural features within the supracrustal sequences underlying the profile. In particular, the Phanerozoic sediments found along the profile, comprising exclusively Kalahari Group and Dwyka Group deposits, are disrupted by multiple folds of varying wavelengths (similar to 1 similar to 10 km) and variably oriented normal and thrust faults. Additionally, the effect of the Moshaweng fault, previously characterised as a listric fault extending to depths of >10 km, on the Phanerozoic sediments has been further constrained to suggest repeated extensional reactivations and a more recent (<1 Ma) inversion. Considerations of the eastern end of the profile have suggested links between some of the observed structural features and the nearby similar to 146 Ma Morokweng impact structure, the lateral expanse of which is poorly constrained in the literature. The collection of these newly imaged features is interpreted as evidence for multiple Late Mesozoic to Cenozoic tectonic events, including polyphasic reactivation of basement structures, under both extensional and compressional stress regimes. By analysing these newly detected features, our study not only provides new insight into the neotectonic evolution of the Phanerozoic sediments along the western margin of the Kaapvaal craton, but also demonstrates the utility in reprocessing legacy data and reveals its untapped potential.
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