| 1. |
- Waern, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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Office automation and users need for support
- 1991
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Ingår i: Behaviour and Information Technology. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 0144-929X .- 1362-3001. ; 10:6, s. 501-514
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated a recently introduced office automation system at Swedish Telecom. In a first study, where 275 users answered an inventory, the users indicated that they found the system useful, but that they would like better user support. Paper and on-line support were most often used at the syntax level, but were not regarded to be very satisfactory. Human advisors were found to be consulted most often, as well as being reported the most satisfactory means of support at the task and conceptual levels. In an interview study concerning the electronic mail system, the results from 35 users showed that the users were satisfied with the system, but that they knew fairly little about it, particularly at the semantic level. A third study showed that the system support personnel knew their users rather well. When asked to describe the system, system support personnel mainly described the system in computer terms, whereas many other users described it non-informatively. It is concluded that knowledgeable human advisors are needed lo support the efficient use of a system by illuminating task and semantic aspects. At the same time, easy-to-use manuals are needed to support the reminding about syntactic and interaction details.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Artman, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Acquisition of usable IT : Acquisition projects to reflect on
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- By examining how several organizations have gone through the process of procuring IT systems, we have seen that there is a great need for procurer organizations themselves to understand their role in systems development. What is their responsibility for the outcome of the acquisition process? What is their responsibility for the outcome of the system-in-use? Can they actually take responsibility for the usability of systems? This collection of papers is meant to be a starting point for procurer organizations to reflect on that responsibility, as well as on how they manage the acquisition process. The papers are informed by academic research and grounded in scientific studies, but they are also to be taken as practical efforts to describe the process. We hope they will nurture reflection, and encourage those who are taking a stand to make IT systems usable. Our assumption is that the sooner an organization comes to terms with how the future system will actually be used, the sooner it will be profitable or beneficial.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Björkman, Anne, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Plant functional trait change across a warming tundra biome
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 562:7725, s. 57-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The tundra is warming more rapidly than any other biome on Earth, and the potential ramifications are far-reaching because of global feedback effects between vegetation and climate. A better understanding of how environmental factors shape plant structure and function is crucial for predicting the consequences of environmental change for ecosystem functioning. Here we explore the biome-wide relationships between temperature, moisture and seven key plant functional traits both across space and over three decades of warming at 117 tundra locations. Spatial temperature–trait relationships were generally strong but soil moisture had a marked influence on the strength and direction of these relationships, highlighting the potentially important influence of changes in water availability on future trait shifts in tundra plant communities. Community height increased with warming across all sites over the past three decades, but other traits lagged far behind predicted rates of change. Our findings highlight the challenge of using space-for-time substitution to predict the functional consequences of future warming and suggest that functions that are tied closely to plant height will experience the most rapid change. They also reveal the strength with which environmental factors shape biotic communities at the coldest extremes of the planet and will help to improve projections of functional changes in tundra ecosystems with climate warming.
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| 8. |
- Björkman, Anne, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Tundra Trait Team: A database of plant traits spanning the tundra biome
- 2018
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Ingår i: Global Ecology and Biogeography. - : Wiley. - 1466-822X .- 1466-8238. ; 27:12, s. 1402-1411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 The Authors Global Ecology and Biogeography Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Motivation: The Tundra Trait Team (TTT) database includes field-based measurements of key traits related to plant form and function at multiple sites across the tundra biome. This dataset can be used to address theoretical questions about plant strategy and trade-offs, trait–environment relationships and environmental filtering, and trait variation across spatial scales, to validate satellite data, and to inform Earth system model parameters. Main types of variable contained: The database contains 91,970 measurements of 18 plant traits. The most frequently measured traits (>1,000 observations each) include plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf fresh and dry mass, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus content, leaf C:N and N:P, seed mass, and stem specific density. Spatial location and grain: Measurements were collected in tundra habitats in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, including Arctic sites in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Fennoscandia and Siberia, alpine sites in the European Alps, Colorado Rockies, Caucasus, Ural Mountains, Pyrenees, Australian Alps, and Central Otago Mountains (New Zealand), and sub-Antarctic Marion Island. More than 99% of observations are georeferenced. Time period and grain: All data were collected between 1964 and 2018. A small number of sites have repeated trait measurements at two or more time periods. Major taxa and level of measurement: Trait measurements were made on 978 terrestrial vascular plant species growing in tundra habitats. Most observations are on individuals (86%), while the remainder represent plot or site means or maximums per species. Software format: csv file and GitHub repository with data cleaning scripts in R; contribution to TRY plant trait database (www.try-db.org) to be included in the next version release.
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| 9. |
- Borg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Accessibility to electronic communication for people with cognitive disabilities : a systematic search and review of empiricla evidence
- 2014
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Ingår i: Universal Access in the Information Society. - : Springer. - 1615-5289 .- 1615-5297.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to identify and synthesize measures for accessibility to electronic communication for people with cognitive disabilities by seeking answers to the following research questions: What measures to make electronic communication accessible to people with cognitive disabilities are evaluated and reported in the scientific literature? What documented effects do these measures have? Empirical studies describing and assessing cognitive accessibility measures were identified by searches of 13 databases. Data were extracted and methodological quality was assessed. Findings were analyzed and recommendations for practice and research were made. Twenty-nine articles with considerable variations in studied accessibility measures, diagnoses, methods, outcome measures, and quality were included. They address the use of Internet, e-mail, telephone, chat, television, multimedia interfaces, texts and pictures, operation of equipment, and entering of information. Although thin, the current evidence base indicates that the accessibility needs, requirements, and preferences of people with cognitive disabilities are diverse. This ought to be reflected in accessibility guidelines and standards. Studies to systematically develop and recommend effective accessibility measures are needed to address current knowledge gaps.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Bälter, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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What causes problems with email?
- 1995
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Information Technology Interfaces. ; , s. 179-186
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 13. |
- Casas Garcia, Belén, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging the gap between measurements and modelling : a cardiovascular functional avatar
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lumped parameter models of the cardiovascular system have the potential to assist researchers and clinicians to better understand cardiovascular function. The value of such models increases when they are subject specific. However, most approaches to personalize lumped parameter models have thus far required invasive measurements or fall short of being subject specific due to a lack of the necessary clinical data. Here, we propose an approach to personalize parameters in a model of the heart and the systemic circulation using exclusively non-invasive measurements. The personalized model is created using flow data from four-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging and cuff pressure measurements in the brachial artery. We term this personalized model the cardiovascular avatar. In our proof-of-concept study, we evaluated the capability of the avatar to reproduce pressures and flows in a group of eight healthy subjects. Both quantitatively and qualitatively, the model-based results agreed well with the pressure and flow measurements obtained in vivo for each subject. This non-invasive and personalized approach can synthesize medical data into clinically relevant indicators of cardiovascular function, and estimate hemodynamic variables that cannot be assessed directly from clinical measurements.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Cerratto Pargman, Teresa, et al.
(författare)
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The role of “genre” in the analysis of the use of videoconference systems in working environments
- 2002
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports the results of three case studies aimed at exploring the use of videoconference systems in different working situations. We observed how professionals in three geographically distributed groups --- one from the academic world and two from large Swedish companies --- used different videoconference systems for work. The paper discusses the fact that groups from different working contexts, using different videoconferences systems, decided to avoid them and instead all chose telephone conferences to support their meetings. This result is interpreted as a sign of a gap between emerging technologies and implementations of genres (conventions) in design.
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| 17. |
- Cupitt, Rebekah
(författare)
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Make difference : Deafness and video technology at work
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Video meetings are a regular part of work at Swedish television’s editorial for programming in Swedish Sign Language (SVT Teckenspråk). In the process of creating television programming in Swedish Sign Language, SVT employees communicate with and through technologies. This ethnographic exploration of video meetings at SVT Teckenspråk presents how deafness is reconfigured between hearing, interpreters, and video meeting technology within the context of a public service organisation. Concepts such as technology, meetings, organisations, and visuality are re-formulated from within the context of SVT Teckenspråk and interpreted using feminist and queer theory frameworks. These re-examined concepts are embedded in the history of SVT Teckenspråk and presented as part of the everyday way of holding video meetings. Technologies and people become intertwined and co-constitutive as moments of video meetings are subsequently understood not as human-technology ‘interactions’ but as intra-actions. Using empirical examples of video meetings collected during fieldwork, this thesis evinces how the materialities of video meeting technology relate to the ways in which deafness is or is not enacted, embodied, and co-constituted. Deafness is accordingly framed not as disability, but as a way of being - one that is founded on a different language, culture, and way of seeing. This emically-derived notion of being deaf impacts understandings and acts of video meetings at SVT Teckenspråk. Yet it is through people’s material intra-actions with technologies that notions of deafness emerge which run counter to ways of being deaf which SVT Teckenspråk employees’ (hearing and deaf alike) work hard to establish. Once technologies and the meanings co-created through people’s intra-actions with them are made visible, these same technologies disable rather than enable; making difference rather than making a difference.
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| 18. |
- Cupitt, Rebekah, et al.
(författare)
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Visuality Without Form: Video-Mediated Communication and Research Practice Across Disciplinary Contexts
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Qualitative Inquiry. - : Sage Publications. - 1077-8004 .- 1552-7565. ; 25:4, s. 417-431
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Visuality is a concept that crosses boundaries of practice and meaning, making it an ideal subject for interdisciplinary research. In this article, we discuss visuality using a fragment from a video meeting of television producers at Swedish Television’s group for programming in Swedish Sign Language. This example argues for the importance of recognizing the diversity of analytical and practice-derived visualities and their effect on the ways in which we interpret cultures. These different visualities have consequences for the methods and means with which we present scholarly research. The role of methods, methodology, and analysis of visual practices in an organizational and bilingual setting are key. We explore the challenges of incorporating deaf visualities, hearing visualities, and different paradigms of interdisciplinary research as necessary when visibility, invisibility, and their materialities are of concern. We conclude that in certain contexts, breaking with disciplinary traditions makes visible that which is otherwise invisible.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Frykholm, Oscar, 1975-
(författare)
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Case-based presentation in medical multidisciplinary team meetings : Applied research in CSCW and IxD
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Advanced medical technology is widely used in modern healthcare, as more and more specialised examinations and treatments are performed on patients. In the case of particularly complex diseases, a number of medical specialists, each an expert in their own field, must collaboratively make diagnoses and plan for treatment. In multidisciplinary team meetings (MDTM), the medical specialists present their pieces of the puzzle, stitch them together and in consensus make a decision. A large amount of information from several sources must be taken into account, but the digital tools to support this decision-making are lacking.This thesis describes research in which engineers and medical specialists have cooperatively developed such a tool. The main research question concerns improving patient information visualisation to support the collaborative work in MDTMs; a secondary question concerns the role of interaction design in medical work. Several design activities have been conducted together with the medical specialists by utilising research methods derived from computer- supported cooperative work (CSCW) and interaction design (IxD). The new tool has been evaluated in two simulated MDTMs and even though it was developed with the users, the results cut both ways.Case-based presentation of patients in MDTMs has a positive effect, as more information can be displayed during discussions. It helps the participants keep a shared focus on the patient, her medical history, results from examinations, and decisions made in the meeting. It is a new and aggregated view of the patient and an example of how patient information visualisation can be improved. On the other hand introducing new technology and new ways of interacting with information, in the meetings was not considered entirely positive. The participants have different roles and tasks in the meeting, and the tools should support these without distracting the shared focus.This practical way of working (conducting field studies, design activities and evaluations) together with ingenious medical specialists can make a difference. By exploring and concretising stakeholders’ needs and making long-term commitments, the interaction designer can take a central position in the deve- lopment of digital, collaborative tools for medical work.
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| 21. |
- Frykholm, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Medicine meets engineering in cooperative design of collaborative decision-supportive system
- 2010
-
Ingår i: IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS). - Perth, WA : IEEE conference proceedings. ; , s. 116-121
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Researchers in Human-Computer Interaction have worked together with physicians to specify and create prototypes of a system to be used primarily during multi-disciplinary team meetings. Physicians will use the system to aggregate and present relevant patient information during discussions on diagnosis and treatment, and also to coordinate the cases during the patient care pathway. In this paper we present the cooperative design process and activities conducted within the project. The results are two-fold; we report on the progress of creating the decision-supportive system, and describe how the physicians experience the design process. The design activities have made the physicians reflect on: the lack or loss of patient information, how patient information can be improved, break-downs in their work process, how they learn from each other, and the design methodology itself.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Groth, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Team Meetings within Clinical Domains : Exploring the Use of Routines and Technical Support for Communication
- 2009
-
Ingår i: HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION - INTERACT 2009, PT II, PROCEEDINGS. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783642036576 ; , s. 975-976
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, it is common that a team of clinicians, from different disciplines, instead of one single doctor, care for a patient. This is especially true when it concerns more complicated diseases in highly specialised health care. Going from one doctor to a team of doctors raises new dimensions/problems/issues when deciding about the diagnosis and how to treat the patient. Instead of one person deciding, based on the information given from others, a group of people need to agree on a decision. How do the participants during such decision meetings argue for their experience and skill? What kind of technologies are available and how do they support the communication in the meeting? Måseide (2006), for example, focuses on how different forms of evidence influence and regulate the judgements and decisions of medical practitioners during such meetings. Groth et al. (2008), for example, focuses on the technology used during such meetings, with a focus on audio, video, and images.
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| 24. |
- Gulliksen, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Design versus Design
- 2000
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of des9'4 in the context of Human-Computer Interaction is dis444fx bas4 on definitions from indusB'"qf desus to the very practical problem of achieving usievingf in indus"'fxM projects in practice. Descti is an important quality of a product that today has not been receiving enough attention when it comes to computerisq artefactssq]qqfss]qqfssfsfBM"fs]fss a s[[Fq4 and this paper focus"q more on desqB9 as a creative procese of communication than on a pos4B[fx[4 product quality aslity f The Scandinavian tradition has herein been very influential in sfB["4'fx the importance of the us fF participating actively in a us]q centred desed procesfB The paper defines and disFB4"Bf usFB4"Bfx[[ dessB in the light of the theories of communication as put by Herbert Clark. Communication is identified as one of the key is s ues that need to be addres]fx in order to achieve well functioning ustioning fB desson The paper dis f'"M4 different terminology and gives examples'fx[BBqqfsx[BBqqfssfBM"fs]f Finally, mock-upsF prototypes and video are disq']"fx as tools for facilitating communication and cons]F4qfxF4 of common ground. Intro,12416 ThisfB'[B9fxF]MqqfsxF4]qqfsfBM"fs]fss HCI). HCI isB9q[fxF"qqfsaction f[4[4MfxF"qqfs evaluation and implementation of interactive computing somput for humanus and with thesef' of major phenomenasnomenafFM them [ACM, 1992]. HCIinvolves asB of procesfx' dialogues andactions employed by aus4 to interact with a computer to perform asB9MB[f tas [Baecker, Grudin, Buxton & Greenberg, 1994]. Hence, HCI deals with everything that in one way or the other can affect or influence the actualus of an ITsT -fMq But, in addition to the qualitydesit brings to the computer artefact itals involves the proces9" by which wesfB9] develop and cre...
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| 25. |
- Gulliksen, Jan, et al.
(författare)
-
Design versus design - From the shaping of products to the creation of user experiences
- 2003
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. - 1044-7318 .- 1532-7590. ; 15:1, s. 5-20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of design in the context of human-computer interaction is discussed based,on definitions from industrial design to the very practical problem of achieving usability in industrial projects in practice. Design is an important quality of a product that today has not been receiving enough attention when it comes to computerized artifacts. Design is also a process of creating the user's experience of a system. This article focuses more on design as a creative process of communication than on a posteriori product quality aspects. The Scandinavian tradition has stressed the importance of users participating actively in a user-centered design process. The article defines and discusses user-centered design in light of the theories of communication as put forth by Herbert Clark (1996). Communication is identified as one of the, key issues that needs to be addressed to achieve well-functioning user-centered design. The article discusses different terminology and gives examples from a theory on common ground. Finally, mock-ups, prototypes, and video are discussed as tools for facilitating communication and construction of common ground.
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| 26. |
- Gulliksen, Jan, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
-
How to make User Centred Design Usable
- 1999
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a User Centred Design group placed centrally in a larger company, one is regularly confronted with the question of transferring competence to other functions within the organisation. These requests will be motivated by the need for expanding the activities or spreading the mind-set of user orientation. Frequently regular development and marketing staff move into usability related tasks and look for training. So, it is not seldom that we as user centred design specialists are asked upon to convey our skills to others. An activity which is likely to fall in a dilemma between teaching 'easy-to-learn methods' (methods which are cooked up by others and a bit old - from when we did a presentation last) or a user centred design attitude (so that the learners can design their own methods through continuous experimenting and learning). The latter is definitely richer but much more difficult to convey. This is the dilemma we would like to address in our position paper. Work practices are rapidly changing User Centred Design is a very fast moving field, both technologically and in terms of work practices for design and user involvement. If we want to stay on the leading edge we need to adopt a practice of continuous experimentation and improvement of the way of involving users in product development. The Danfoss User Centred Design group has worked with user involvement in product development for eight years. Looking back, our methodology has changed radically over the years: Starting from a mechanical design methodology basis [Buur et.al. 1991] with user interviews, via a cognitive engineering approach [Rasmussen et.al. 1994] favouring usability testing, to a participatory design philosophy [Kyng & Greenbaum 1991] with user involvement in design workshops [Binder ; Brandt & H...
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Högfeldt, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Mutual Capacity Building through North-South Collaboration Using Challenge-Driven Education
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 11:24
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The urgent need for actions in the light of the global challenges motivates international policy to define roadmaps for education on all levels to step forward and contribute with new knowledge and competencies. Challenge-Driven Education (CDE) is described as an education for Sustainable Development (ESD) approach, which aims to prepare students to work with global challenges and to bring value to society by direct impact. This paper describes, evaluates and discusses a three-year participatory implementation project of Challenge-driven education (CDE) within the engineering education at the University of Dar es Salam, UDSM, which has been carried out in collaboration with the Royal Institute of Technology, KTH in Stockholm. Conclusions are drawn on crucial aspects for engineering education change through the lens of Activity Theory (AT), where CDE is brought forward as a motivating ESD initiative for engineering faculty and students. Furthermore participatory co-creation is notably useful as it aims to embrace social values among the participants. Also, traditional organizational structures will need to be continuously negotiated in the light of the integration of more open-ended approaches in education.
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| 37. |
- Högfeldt, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding Engineering Education Change With The Introduction of Challenge Driven Education in Tanzania
- 2018
-
Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF 2018 IEEE GLOBAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION CONFERENCE (EDUCON) - EMERGING TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION. - : IEEE. - 9781538629574 ; , s. 1335-1343
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden and Tanzania have collaborated since 1976 in research projects. A PhD sandwich program was established in the 90's in the field of electrical engineering between UDSM (University of Dar es Salam), Tanzania and KTH (Royal Institute of Technology), Sweden. This collaboration has opened up for shared trust, idea exchange and the emergence of the challenge driven education approach. Challenge driven education brings in socio-technical challenges to engineering education, or rather, brings out students and academic faculty, to real life challenges outside academy. The research of the first years' experience reveals factors like high motivation among students, faculty and stakeholders in society. New ways of teaching and learning have evolved, and clear contrasts with traditional education have been found.
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| 38. |
- Johansson, Stefan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive Accessibility for Mentally Disabled Persons
- 2015
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Ingår i: Human–Computer Interaction. - Cham : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783319227016 - 9783319227009 ; , s. 418-435
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of various digital channels, the development of different devices and the change in the way we communicate and carry out various types of services have quickly grown and continues to grow. This may offer both new opportunities for inclusion and risks for creating new barriers in the society. In a recent study we have explored the questions: Is the society digitally accessible for persons with mental disabilities? How do persons with mental disabilities cope with their situation? What are the benefits and obstacles they face? Based on the answers to these questions we wanted to explore if there is a digital divide between the citizens in general and the citizens with mental disabilities. And if so; what is the nature of this divide? Methods used in the study were Participatory action research oriented with data collection via research circles. In total over 100 persons participated. The results show that a digital divide is present. Persons with mental disabilities differ from citizens in general in how they have access to digital resources. The result also indicates that services and systems on a societal scale do not deliver the expected efficiency when it comes to supporting citizens with mental disabilities. And finally the results indicate that the special needs this group might have are often not identified in wider surveys on the citizen's use of Internet, digital services and use of different technical devices. Several of the participants describe this as being left outside and not fully participate in a society where digital presence is considered a prerequisite for a full citizenship.
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| 39. |
- Johansson, Stefan, 1963-
(författare)
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Towards a framework to understand mental and cognitive accessibility in a digital context
- 2016
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This digitalization has in many ways contributed to greater inclusion but access to the digital community is not evenly distributed in the population, and we can see that groups of citizens do not feel involved in the transition to a digitalized society, or are not involved as much as they would actually like.The purpose of this thesis is to discuss how designers and developers to a greater extent can be able to take account of accessibility requirements for people with mental and cognitive impairments. The discussion is based on the study “Pilot study on accessibility of electronic communications for persons with mental disabilities”, literature reviews and my experience from almost 25 years of work in the field.The design and development processes I primarily want to highlight are those that produce digital products and services in what we call the mainstream. Mainstream is the society in which we act as citizens have rights and duties, and where we should be able to realize our dreams, wishes and needs, where we find friends, family, education, livelihood and meaningfulness in the activities and the tasks we perform.The persons who participated in the study describe situations where:Design and development processes often fail to meet the need for cognitive simplicity.Many in themselves relatively simple functions, processes and activities can, used together create new and unknown difficulties.Support processes malfunction.Knowledge of user requirements is missing or does not reach out to the people and the processes where this knowledge would be useful.The people also describes that they are never involved in the design- and development processes, and that the knowledge and experience they possess is not being utilized.There is a need for a transfer of knowledge from the areas that produce knowledge today (rehabilitation, assistive technology, special solutions) to the mainstream. There is a need to explore and describe the knowledge and experience persons with mental and cognitive disabilities possesses. There is a need to work closely with persons who have mental and cognitive disabilities directly in mainstream-solutions in order to improve the digital society. Methods seem to be further developed on how to do this cooperation, in research, in innovation and in ordinary societal processes.The thesis presents a proposed framework for the design and development processes to be able to meet accessibility requirements for persons with mental and cognitive disabilities.
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| 40. |
- Johansson, Stefan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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User participation when users have mental and cognitive disabilities
- 2015
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Ingår i: SSETS 2015 - Proceedings of the 17th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility. - New York, New York, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450334006 ; , s. 69-76
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Persons with cognitive or mental disabilities have difficulties participating in or are excluded from IT development and assessments exercises due to the problems finding good ways to efficiently collaborate on equal terms. In this paper we describe how we worked closely together with persons that have mental and cognitive disabilities in order to test and develop methods for participation in assessments and in processes for developing, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) products and services. More than 100 persons with mental and cognitive disabilities participated in the study (people with diagnoses such as depression, anxiety disorder, bipolarity, and schizophrenia). To explore the conditions for a more equal and fair participation we have developed and elaborated a set of methods, tools and approaches. By combining scientific research methods with well-established methods for empowerment and participation we have developed methods that are cost effective and that easily can be incorporated in existing processes. We believe that our approach have taken steps to implement possibilities for persons with mental and cognitive disabilities to take part where user participation is needed in order not to discriminate or exclude but also to improve the overall quality of the end result. The results clearly show that it is possible to include persons with mental and cognitive disabilities. A mixed method -- mixed tool approach can increase the possibility for participation. The results also show that the quality of the analysis phase increases if the collaborative approach is extended to also embrace the data analysis phase.
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| 41. |
- Karlgren, Jussi, et al.
(författare)
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The glass box user model for filtering
- 1994. - 3
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The first requirement on an interactive system in a domain such as information filtering is to be an interface to knowledge, rather than just a knowledgeable interface. We borrow the computation instruction metaphor of a system as "a black box in a glass box" as a means to conceptualize the problem of giving a user control over the actions of an interactive system. The application domain we work in is that of information filtering. In the "black box", we hide complex knowledge of the domain objects such as facts and assumptions about text genre identification, while the "glass box", which is what the user sees, only shows the neat top level knowledge of the domain conceptual categories such as e.g. categorization rules.
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| 42. |
- Köping, Ann-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Kulturens ekonomisering
- 2008
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Ingår i: KulturSverige 2009. - Linköping : Swedish Cultural Policy Research Observatory. - 9789173937504 ; , s. 85-89
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här artikeln handlar om kulturens ekonomisering på samhälls-, organisations- respektive individnivå. Vi konstaterar bland annat att det på alla tre nivåerna sker en förskjutning mot en marknadsdiskurs och att den kommersiella logiken får allt större svängrum på bekostnad av den kulturella, vilket vi kan ställa oss skeptiska till. Trots – eller på grund av – att vi själva är ekonomer.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Lantz, Ann‐Christin Hultman, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of patient participation in relation to the implementation of a person-centered nursing shift handover
- 2023
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Ingår i: Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing. - : WILEY. - 1545-102X .- 1741-6787. ; 20:4, s. 330-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIt has been suggested that nursing shift-to-shift handover should be a more team-based dialogue with and for the patient rather than about a patient. AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate patient participation in relation to the implementation of the person-centered handover (PCH). MethodA pretest-posttest design was used without a comparison group, including patients from nine units in a university hospital at pretest (n = 228) and after implementing PCH (posttest, n = 253) per the framework integrated-Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services. The PCH is inspired by an Australian bedside handover model. The Patient Preferences for the Patient Participation tool was used to rate the preference for and experience of participation on 12 items, combined into three levels of preference-based participation (insufficient-fair-sufficient). ResultsThere were no differences regarding experience or preference-based participation between patients at pretest-posttest; however, posttest patients experienced participation in the item Reciprocal communication to a lesser extent than the pretest patients. Only 49% of the posttest group received PCH; of those not receiving PCH, some would have wanted PCH (27%), while some would have declined (24%). Patients receiving PCH had sufficient participation (82%), to a greater extent, regarding the item Sharing ones symptoms with staff than patients at pretest (72%). Patients receiving PCH also had sufficient participation, to a greater extent, than patients at posttest who did not receive, but would have wanted PCH, regarding four items: (1) sharing ones symptoms with staff, (2) reciprocal communication, (3) being told what was done, and (4) taking part in planning. Linking evidence to actionMost patients want to be present at PCH. Therefore, nurses should ask for the patients preferences regarding PCH and act accordingly. Not inviting patients who want PCH could contribute to insufficient patient participation. Further studies are needed to capture what assistance nurses would want in identifying and acting in alignment with patient preferences.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Lantz, Ann
(författare)
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Does the use of E-mail change over time?
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. - 1044-7318 .- 1532-7590. ; 15:3, s. 419-431
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many empirical studies of the use of e-mail have been performed, but longitudinal studies are not common. In this article a longitudinal study is presented, with data collected during 1994,1995, and 1998. The research question was as follows: How does the use of e-mail change over time concerning problems experienced with e-mail, the flow of messages, and time to handle mail (i.e., to send and receive a response)? Results show that the flow of messages was stable (sent mail per day) or doubled (received messages per day). Time to handle mail was stable over the 5 years, but the experienced amount of time to handle mail changed from not being sufficient to sometimes sufficient depending on the total work situation. Experienced problems with e-mail decreased during the 5-year study period. The time for respondents to reply to a message changed during this period from immediately to in a day or even a week. Respondents accepted not receiving replies to their own messages, but they used strategies to get answers to the most important messages.
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| 50. |
- Lantz, Ann
(författare)
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Heavy Users of Electronic Mail
- 1998
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. - : Lawrence Earlbaum Associates. Inc.. - 1044-7318 .- 1532-7590. ; 10:4, s. 361-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A field study was conducted using a questionnaire and interviews concerning how electronic mail (E-mail) is used as a work tool for communication. The questionnaire, distributed electronically within a large organization, showed that employees sending and receiving large numbers of E-mail messages are not the same employees having problems handling E-mail. Managers seem to have problems to a larger extent than members of other workgroups. Interviews were then conducted with 10 employees selected by strata from the questionnaire study. Strata were based on the variables of job category, number of E-mail messages sent and received per day, and E-mail handling problems. The interviews showed that, although employees continually entered the E-mail program, they did not see this action as disruptive of other work activities; instead, they saw it as having a positive effect. E-mail handling problems correlated with the number of messages stored in the inbox (.72). Employees felt a shortage of time for handling E-mail and gave examples of communication problems. Regardless of the number of messages in the inbox and whether employees felt a time shortage, employees had difficulty organizing stored messages within folders and catalogues.
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