| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Hegele, R. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Rare dyslipidaemias, from phenotype to genotype to management: a European Atherosclerosis Society task force consensus statement
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-8587. ; 8:1, s. 50-67
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome sequencing and gene-based therapies appear poised to advance the management of rare lipoprotein disorders and associated dyslipidaemias. However, in practice, underdiagnosis and undertreatment of these disorders are common, in large part due to interindividual variability in the genetic causes and phenotypic presentation of these conditions. To address these challenges, the European Atherosclerosis Society formed a task force to provide practical dinical guidance focusing on patients with extreme concentrations (either low or high) of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The task force also recognises the scarcity of quality information regarding the prevalence and outcomes of these conditions. Collaborative registries are needed to improve health policy for the care of patients with rare dyslipidaemias.
|
|
| 3. |
- Barack, Leor, et al.
(författare)
-
Black holes, gravitational waves and fundamental physics : a roadmap
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Classical and quantum gravity. - : IOP Publishing. - 0264-9381 .- 1361-6382. ; 36:14
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The grand challenges of contemporary fundamental physics dark matter, dark energy, vacuum energy, inflation and early universe cosmology, singularities and the hierarchy problem all involve gravity as a key component. And of all gravitational phenomena, black holes stand out in their elegant simplicity, while harbouring some of the most remarkable predictions of General Relativity: event horizons, singularities and ergoregions. The hitherto invisible landscape of the gravitational Universe is being unveiled before our eyes: the historical direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration marks the dawn of a new era of scientific exploration. Gravitational-wave astronomy will allow us to test models of black hole formation, growth and evolution, as well as models of gravitational-wave generation and propagation. It will provide evidence for event horizons and ergoregions, test the theory of General Relativity itself, and may reveal the existence of new fundamental fields. The synthesis of these results has the potential to radically reshape our understanding of the cosmos and of the laws of Nature. The purpose of this work is to present a concise, yet comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the relevant fields of research, summarize important open problems, and lay out a roadmap for future progress. This write-up is an initiative taken within the framework of the European Action on 'Black holes, Gravitational waves and Fundamental Physics'.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Leveque, A., et al.
(författare)
-
MOCCA-survey data base: extra galactic globular clusters – II. Milky Way and Andromeda
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2966 .- 0035-8711. ; 514:4, s. 5751-5766
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive study of the co-evolution of globular cluster systems (GCS) in galaxies requires the ability to model both the large-scale dynamics (0.01–10 kpc) regulating their orbital evolution, and the small-scale dynamics (sub-pc – au) regulating the internal dynamics of each globular cluster (GC). In this work, we present a novel method that combine semi-analytic models of GCS with fully self-consistent Monte Carlo models to simultaneously evolve large GCSs. We use the population synthesis code MASinGa and the MOCCA-Survey Database I to create synthetic GC populations aimed at representing the observed features of GCs in the Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda (M31). Our procedure enables us to recover the spatial and mass distribution of GCs in such galaxies, and to constrain the amount of mass that GCs left either in the halo as dispersed debris, or in the galactic centre, where they can contribute to the formation of a nuclear star cluster (NSC) and can bring stellar and possibly intermediate mass black holes there. The final masses reported by our simulations are of a few order of magnitudes smaller than the observed values. These differences show that mass build-up of an NSC and central BHs in galaxies like MW and M31 cannot be solely explained by the infalling GC scenario. This build-up is likely to depend on the interplay between interactions and mergers of infalling GCs and gas. The latter can contribute to both in situ star formation in the NSC and growth of the central BH.
|
|
| 8. |
- Leveque, A., et al.
(författare)
-
MOCCA-Survey Database: extra galactic globular clusters – III. The population of black holes in Milky Way and Andromeda-like galaxies
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2966 .- 0035-8711. ; 520:2, s. 2593-2610
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work investigates the black hole (BH) population of globular clusters (GCs) in Milky Way- and Andromeda-like galaxies. We combine the population synthesis code MASinGa and the MOCCA-Survey Database I to infer the properties of GCs harbouring a stellar-mass BH subsystem (BHS), an intermediate-mass BH (IMBH), or neither of those. We find that the typical number of GCs with a BHS, an IMBH, or none become comparable in the galactic outskirts, whilst the inner galactic regions are dominated by GCs without a significant dark component. We retrieve the properties of binary BHs (BBHs) that have either merged in the last 3 Gyr or survived in their parent cluster until present-day. We find that around 80 per cent of the merging BBHs form due to dynamical interactions while the remaining originate from evolution of primordial binaries. The inferred merger rate for both in-cluster and ejected mergers is 1.0−23yr−1Gpc−3 in the local Universe, depending on the adopted assumptions. We find around 100–240 BBHs survive in GCs until present-day and are mostly concentrated in the inner few kpc of the galaxy. When compared with the field, GCs are at least two times more efficient in the formation of BHs and binaries containing at least one BH. Around 1000–3000 single BHs and 100–200 BBHs are transported into the galactic nucleus from infalling clusters over a time span of 12 Gyr. We estimate that the number of BHs and BBHs lurking in the star cluster to be about 1.4–2.2 × 104 and 700–1100, respectively.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Arca Sedda, Manuel, et al.
(författare)
-
The missing link in gravitational-wave astronomy A summary of discoveries waiting in the decihertz range
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Experimental astronomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6435 .- 1572-9508. ; 51, s. 1427-1440
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since 2015 the gravitational-wave observations of LIGO and Virgo have transformed our understanding of compact-object binaries. In the years to come, ground-based gravitational-wave observatories such as LIGO, Virgo, and their successors will increase in sensitivity, discovering thousands of stellar-mass binaries. In the 2030s, the space-based LISA will provide gravitational-wave observations of massive black holes binaries. Between the similar to 10-10(3) Hz band of ground-based observatories and the similar to 10(-4)-10(- 1) Hz band of LISA lies the uncharted decihertz gravitational-wave band. We propose a Decihertz Observatory to study this frequency range, and to complement observations made by other detectors. Decihertz observatories are well suited to observation of intermediate-mass (similar to 10(2)-10(4)M(circle dot)) black holes; they will be able to detect stellar-mass binaries days to years before they merge, providing early warning of nearby binary neutron star mergers and measurements of the eccentricity of binary black holes, and they will enable new tests of general relativity and the Standard Model of particle physics. Here we summarise how a Decihertz Observatory could provide unique insights into how black holes form and evolve across cosmic time, improve prospects for both multimessenger astronomy and multiband gravitational-wave astronomy, and enable new probes of gravity, particle physics and cosmology.
|
|
| 15. |
- Caltagirone, Claudia, et al.
(författare)
-
Solvatochromic fluorescent BODIPY derivative as imaging agent in camptothecin loaded hexosomes for possible theranostic applications
- 2015
-
Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2046-2069. ; 5:30, s. 23443-23449
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We here discuss the potential theranostic nanomedicine application of an innovative formulation consisting of monoolein-based nanoparticles with a two-dimensional hexagonal inner structure stabilized in water using a mixture of PEO132-PPO50-PEO132 block copolymers with and without conjugated folate for targeting. The proposed tumor-cell targeted formulation was shown to be able to simultaneously host the model anticancer drug camptothecin and a pyrene-modified BODIPY fluorophore, based on dynamic light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. The photophysical properties of the fluorophore were studied in solution in various solvents. A marked fluorescent solvatochromism, whose origin was explained by time-dependent density functional theory theoretical calculations, was observed. Fluorescence microscopy showed that HeLa cells readily internalize these nanoparticles, and that the fluorophore localizes within the lipid droplets. In addition, cytotoxicity test revealed that these nanoparticles are not toxic at the concentration used for the imaging analysis.
|
|
| 16. |
- Ciucani, Marta Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Evolutionary history of the extinct Sardinian dhole
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Current biology : CB. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0445 .- 0960-9822. ; 31, s. 1-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Sardinian dhole (Cynotherium sardous)1 was an iconic and unique canid species that was endemic to Sardinia and Corsica until it became extinct at the end of the Late Pleistocene.2-5 Given its peculiar dental morphology, small body size, and high level of endemism, several extant canids have been proposed as possible relatives of the Sardinian dhole, including the Asian dhole and African hunting dog ancestor.3,6-9 Morphometric analyses3,6,8-12 have failed to clarify the evolutionary relationship with other canids.We sequenced the genome of a ca-21,100-year-old Sardinian dhole in order to understand its genomic history and clarify its phylogenetic position. We found that it represents a separate taxon from all other living canids from Eurasia, Africa, and North America, and that the Sardinian dhole lineage diverged from the Asian dhole ca 885 ka. We additionally detected historical gene flow between the Sardinian and Asian dhole lineages, which ended approximately 500-300 ka, when the land bridge between Sardinia and mainland Italy was already broken, severing their population connectivity. Our sample showed low genome-wide diversity compared to other extant canids-probably a result of the long-term isolation-that could have contributed to the subsequent extinction of the Sardinian dhole.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Schiavi, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Are we observing an NSC in course of formation in the NGC 4654 galaxy?
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 503:1, s. 594-602
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use direct N-body simulations to explore some possible scenarios for the future evolution of two massive clusters observed towards the centre of NGC 4654, a spiral galaxy with mass similar to that of the Milky Way. Using archival HST data, we obtain the photometric masses of the two clusters, M = 3 × 105 M= and M = 1.7 × 106 M=, their half-light radii, Reff ∼4 pc and Reff ∼6 pc, and their projected distances from the photometric centre of the galaxy (both <22 pc). The knowledge of the structure and separation of these two clusters (∼24 pc) provides a unique view for studying the dynamics of a galactic central zone hosting massive clusters. Varying some of the unknown cluster orbital parameters, we carry out several N-body simulations showing that the future evolution of these clusters will inevitably result in their merger. We find that, mainly depending on the shape of their relative orbit, they will merge into the galactic centre in less than 82 Myr. In addition to the tidal interaction, a proper consideration of the dynamical friction braking would shorten the merging times up to few Myr. We also investigate the possibility to form a massive nuclear star cluster (NSC) in the centre of the galaxy by this process. Our analysis suggests that for low-eccentricity orbits, and relatively long merger times, the final merged cluster is spherical in shape, with an effective radius of few parsecs and a mass within the effective radius of the order of 105,M⊙. Because the central density of such a cluster is higher than that of the host galaxy, it is likely that this merger remnant could be the likely embryo of a future NSC.
|
|
| 19. |
- Sedda, Manuel Arca, et al.
(författare)
-
The missing link in gravitational-wave astronomy : discoveries waiting in the decihertz range
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Classical and quantum gravity. - : IOP Publishing. - 0264-9381 .- 1361-6382. ; 37:21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gravitational-wave astronomical revolution began in 2015 with LIGO's observation of the coalescence of two stellar-mass black holes. Over the coming decades, ground-based detectors like laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory (LIGO), Virgo and KAGRA will extend their reach, discovering thousands of stellar-mass binaries. In the 2030s, the space-basedlaser interferometer space antenna(LISA) will enable gravitational-wave observations of the massive black holes in galactic centres. Between ground-based observatories and LISA lies the unexplored dHz gravitational-wave frequency band. Here, we show the potential of adecihertz observatory(DO) which could cover this band, and complement discoveries made by other gravitational-wave observatories. The dHz range is uniquely suited to observation of intermediate-mass (similar to 10(2)-10(4)M(circle dot)) black holes, which may form the missing link between stellar-mass and massive black holes, offering an opportunity to measure their properties. DOs will be able to detect stellar-mass binaries days to years before they merge and are observed by ground-based detectors, providing early warning of nearby binary neutron star mergers, and enabling measurements of the eccentricity of binary black holes, providing revealing insights into their formation. Observing dHz gravitational-waves also opens the possibility of testing fundamental physics in a new laboratory, permitting unique tests of general relativity (GR) and the standard model of particle physics. Overall, a DO would answer outstanding questions about how black holes form and evolve across cosmic time, open new avenues for multimessenger astronomy, and advance our understanding of gravitation, particle physics and cosmology.
|
|
| 20. |
- Tusman, Gerardo, et al.
(författare)
-
Multimodal non-invasive monitoring to apply an open lung approach strategy in morbidly obese patients during bariatric surgery
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of clinical monitoring and computing. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1387-1307 .- 1573-2614. ; 34:5, s. 1015-1024
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the use of non-invasive variables for monitoring an open-lung approach (OLA) strategy in bariatric surgery. Twelve morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery received a baseline protective ventilation with 8 cmH(2)O of positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP). Then, the OLA strategy was applied consisting in lung recruitment followed by a decremental PEEP trial, from 20 to 8 cmH(2)O, in steps of 2 cmH(2)O to find the lung's closing pressure. Baseline ventilation was then resumed setting open lung PEEP (OL-PEEP) at 2 cmH(2)O above this pressure. The multimodal non-invasive variables used for monitoring OLA consisted in pulse oximetry (SpO(2)), respiratory compliance (Crs), end-expiratory lung volume measured by a capnodynamic method (EELVCO2), and esophageal manometry. OL-PEEP was detected at 15.9 +/- 1.7 cmH(2)O corresponding to a positive end-expiratory transpulmonary pressure (P-L,P-ee) of 0.9 +/- 1.1 cmH(2)O. ROC analysis showed that SpO(2) was more accurate (AUC 0.92, IC95% 0.87-0.97) than Crs (AUC 0.76, IC95% 0.87-0.97) and EELVCO2 (AUC 0.73, IC95% 0.64-0.82) to detect the lung's closing pressure according to the change of P-L,P-ee from positive to negative values. Compared to baseline ventilation with 8 cmH(2)O of PEEP, OLA increased EELVCO2 (1309 +/- 517 vs. 2177 +/- 679 mL) and decreased driving pressure (18.3 +/- 2.2 vs. 10.1 +/- 1.7 cmH(2)O), estimated shunt (17.7 +/- 3.4 vs. 4.2 +/- 1.4%), lung strain (0.39 +/- 0.07 vs. 0.22 +/- 0.06) and lung elastance (28.4 +/- 5.8 vs. 15.3 +/- 4.3 cmH(2)O/L), respectively; all p < 0.0001. The OLA strategy can be monitored using noninvasive variables during bariatric surgery. This strategy decreased lung strain, elastance and driving pressure compared with standard protective ventilatory settings. Clinical trial number NTC03694665.
|
|
| 21. |
- Tusman, Gerardo, et al.
(författare)
-
Photoplethysmographic characterization of vascular tone mediated changes in arterial pressure : an observational study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of clinical monitoring and computing. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1387-1307 .- 1573-2614. ; 33:5, s. 815-824
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine whether a classification based on the contour of the photoplethysmography signal (PPGc) can detect changes in systolic arterial blood pressure (SAP) and vascular tone. Episodes of normotension (SAP 90-140 mmHg), hypertension (SAP > 140 mmHg) and hypotension (SAP < 90 mmHg) were analyzed in 15 cardiac surgery patients. SAP and two surrogates of the vascular tone, systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and vascular compliance (Cvasc = stroke volume/pulse pressure) were compared with PPGc. Changes in PPG amplitude (foot-to-peak distance) and dicrotic notch position were used to define 6 classes taking class III as a normal vascular tone with a notch placed between 20 and 50% of the PPG amplitude. Class I-to-II represented vasoconstriction with notch placed > 50% in a small PPG, while class IV-to-VI described vasodilation with a notch placed < 20% in a tall PPG wave. 190 datasets were analyzed including 61 episodes of hypertension [SAP = 159 (151-170) mmHg (median 1st-3rd quartiles)], 84 of normotension, SAP = 124 (113-131) mmHg and 45 of hypotension SAP = 85(80-87) mmHg. SAP were well correlated with SVR (r = 0.78, p < 0.0001) and Cvasc (r = 0.84, p < 0.0001). The PPG-based classification correlated well with SAP (r = - 0.90, p < 0.0001), SVR (r = - 0.72, p < 0.0001) and Cvasc (r = 0.82, p < 0.0001). The PPGc misclassified 7 out of the 190 episodes, presenting good accuracy (98.4% and 97.8%), sensitivity (100% and 94.9%) and specificity (97.9% and 99.2%) for detecting episodes of hypotension and hypertension, respectively. Changes in arterial pressure and vascular tone were closely related to the proposed classification based on PPG waveform. Clinical Trial Registration NTC02854852.
|
|
