| 1. |
- Alfaro-Shigueto, J., et al.
(författare)
-
The intentional harvest of waved albatrosses Phoebastria irrorata by small-scale offshore fishermen from Salaverry port, Peru
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences. - 1809-9009. ; 11:1, s. 70-77
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The waved albatross Phoebastria irrorata is classified by the IUCN as "critically endangered" because of its geographically restricted breeding range and evidence of a substantial decline in adult survival during the 1990s and early 2000s. This decline has been proposed to be a consequence of incidental mortality in the Peruvian small-scale fisheries but also of direct hunting for human consumption by fishermen. This paper uses a trans-disciplinary approach to describe and analyse the intentional capture of waved albatrosses in northern Peru by offshore small-scale fishermen. During 2008, 36 interviews were conducted in the port of Salaverry to understand the extent and reasons for the intentional capture. Sixty-nine precent of the interviewees mentioned occasionally harvesting albatrosses. Considering two to three vessels capture albatrosses regularly in Salaverry, we estimate a total annual mortality between 16 and 24 individuals since 2006. Reasons for capturing albatrosses included insufficient food supplies onboard during long fishing trips, collection of rings from ringed birds, the development of a taste for the bird's meat and even boredom. Interviews with fishermen showed a lack of awareness of the conservation status of albatrosses. We recommend strengthening the role of existing local governmental and non-governmental organizations involved with monitoring and surveillance, education and conservation.
|
|
| 2. |
- Arias Schreiber, Milena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Addressing social sustainability for small-scale fisheries in Sweden : Institutional barriers for implementing the small-scale fisheries guidelines.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: The Small-Scale Fisheries Guidelines. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783319550732 - 9783319550749 ; , s. 717-736
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish coastal fisheries are not sustainable in terms of the status of their main fish stocks, their economic profitability, and as source of regular employment. Social sustainability commitments in fisheries governance advocated by the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries (SSF Guidelines) have been so far mostly neglected. In this chapter, we bring attention to two institutional settings at different governance levels relevant for the implementation of the SSF Guidelines in the Swedish context. First, we look at the introduction of social goals under the perspective of the EU’s Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). Second, we consider national tensions between forces advocating or opposing a further application of market-based economic instruments, often portrayed as an effective cure for all ills, in fisheries governance. Taking into account the logic on which the SSF Guidelines rest, we evaluate in both cases current processes for stakeholder participation in the formulation of fishing policies and strategies in Sweden. We conclude that the inclusion of a social dimension and stakeholder involvement at the EU level face procedural and institutional limitations that prevent the small-scale fisheries sector from exploiting opportunities for change. Further challenges to the implementation of the SSF Guidelines arise when central national authorities’ interpretation of societal benefits opposes other interpretations, and consequently economic calculations take precedence over a participatory process-based, knowledge-accumulating approach to resource management. The SSF Guidelines, therefore, provide important material and intellectual resources to make the most of new chances that can lead to an increased likelihood of change in the direction of sustainable coastal fisheries in Sweden.
|
|
| 3. |
- Arias Schreiber, Milena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
All you need is love: Coastal fisheries conflicts in Sweden and the human needs theory
- 2021
-
Ingår i: MARE conference.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fishing is ubiquitous to spaces where human beings settle near an aquatic environment. Fisheries conflicts are highly diverse and complex arising at different levels of human interactions and in different forms. At a basic level, conflicts in fisheries can be classified according to their severity, longevity and the kind of parties involved. Conflicts involving fisheries can be violent (i.e., wars) and non-violent (i.e. street protests), span for a few years or over generations, and range from regional or transnational conflicts such as the current disputes in the South China Sea, international conflicts like the “cod wars” between Iceland and the United Kingdom, intrastate conflicts like clashes between fishers belonging to different fleets in the Philippines, and inter-personal, concerning for example one fisher and her intermediary. Research on fisheries conflicts has been criticized for its reliance and focus on simplistic approaches in which the (putative) scarcity of fisheries resources is the dominant factor. Such analyses are frequently driven by visions of fishers as “rational economic men,” a perspective that has repeatedly been proven false in fisheries social science. In this paper we adopt an alternative approach to fisheries conflicts, drawing on Bulton´s theory of Basic Human Needs. This theory rests on the premise that conflicts arise when people are denied one or more universal human needs, including needs for recognition and security. We use quantitative and qualitative empirical research with Swedish coastal fishers to demonstrate the utility of this theory in understanding coastal fisheries conflicts.
|
|
| 4. |
- Arias Schreiber, Milena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Blue Justice and the co-production of hermeneutical resources for small-scale fisheries
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Marine Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-597X. ; 137
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Blue Justice emerges as a counternarrative to the promise and commitment to Blue Economy and Blue Growth by shifting imperatives for growth and innovation to the central role played by small-scale fisheries and social justice in sustainable ocean development. To instrument Blue Justice, it is important to understand injustices experienced by small-scale fisheries people which can range from accusations of disregard for the environment to equating their fishing practices as illegal, or even the sudden usurpation of their customary fishing grounds and means of livelihoods. Drawing on Fricker's concept of epistemic injustice, we examine how discrimination and lack of interpretative concepts to communicate unjust experiences wrongs small-scale fisheries people in their capacity as knowledge holders and subjects them to testimonial and hermeneutical injustice. We examine 20 testimonies of injustices experienced by small-scale fisheries people collected by the Global Research Network “Too Big To Ignore” (TBTI) and suggest a glossary of new concepts that can be used to interpret these experiences. Our results exemplify the presence of epistemic injustice, emphasizing the need to associate injustices in small-scale fisheries with non-conventional terms or concepts. We discuss the contribution of transdisciplinary research for providing such concepts and the potential role of social scientists and action researchers to enhance collective hermeneutical resources and thereby advance the goal of Blue Justice for small-scale fisheries. © 2022 The Authors
|
|
| 5. |
- Arias Schreiber, Milena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Governing the Governance: Small-Scale Fisheries in Europe with Focus on the Baltic Sea
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Transdisciplinarity for Small-Scale Fisheries Governance. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319949376
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ‘Governing the governance’ refers to the overarching values and interests on which governing institutions are built and operate relative to small-scale fisheries. Who are these values representing and how consistent are institutional settings with respect to them? How effective are existing institutions for accommodating diverse values in their governing practices? This chapter explores the governance system and experiences of small-scale fisheries in the Baltic Sea, particularly in the context of the European Union (EU) Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). We focus on the EU governing system and its relation with the values and interests of small-scale fisheries and the organizations representing them, and evaluate the scope for the governability of small-scale fisheries in the Baltic Sea. Our chapter use the case of fishers’ representation in the EU Baltic Sea Advisory Council for this purpose and discusses the consequences of a missing link between small-scale coastal fisheries’ values and the overarching EU fisheries governance system regulated by the CFP. Finally, we explore how this missing linkage might change under current regional and local initiatives to support small-scale fisheries in Europe, and conclude on the governability and transdisciplinary challenges this shift may entail.
|
|
| 6. |
- Arias Schreiber, Milena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Neither Fish Nor Fowl: Navigating Motivations for Fisheries Participation and Exit in Sweden
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Society and Natural Resources. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0894-1920 .- 1521-0723. ; 34:8, s. 1019-1037
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fisheries’ supply of ecosystem services depends on recruiting, maintaining and—in cases of overfishing—preventing fishers’ participation. Participation is influenced by fishers’ levels of job satisfaction and a variety of motivations that cannot be reduced to income size. Previous research on fishers’ job satisfaction has applied Maslow’s hierarchy of basic, socio-psychological and self-actualization needs. Using these as three categories of co-existing rather than hierarchical needs, we investigate Swedish fishers’ motivations for considering fisheries exit. Our results suggest that more than half of fishers are considering exiting and that they identify conflicts with seals (31%), environmental policies (17%) and performance of government agencies (16%) as their main reasons. These motivations, we argue, impact simultaneously basic, socio-psychological and self-actualization needs. Accordingly, fishers’ motivations for participation-exit decisions are not solely, and may not be primarily, monetary. A better understanding of fishers’ motivations, particularly non-monetary ones, would improve fisheries management.
|
|
| 7. |
- Arias Schreiber, Milena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Reconceptualizing coastal fisheries conflicts: A Swedish case study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Maritime Studies. - 1872-7859. ; 22
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fisheries conflicts have often been interpreted as arising from disputes over access to fish. Competition for fishing stocks among resources users (human and non-human) and fisheries managers’ attempts to control access to fish are depicted as main causes of conflicts. From this perspective, rampant environmental degradation, climate change and a growing human population will only exacerbate tensions in fisheries. Yet is it only competition for fish that drives conflicts? Research on coastal and small-scale fishers has shown that they fish not only to achieve economic (material) goals but also to fulfill social and immaterial needs. Drawing on Burton’s theory of human needs, in this exploratory study we consider how attention to coastal fishers’ material and immaterial needs might illuminate aspects of fisheries disagreements that are missed when conflicts are theorized solely in terms of material interests. Our data comes from 46 voluntary written statements provided at the end of a self-administered multiple-choice survey on the fishing sector sent to all holders of a Swedish commercial fishing license in June 2019. Results suggest that coastal fisheries conflicts are not solely about access to fish but also about social and emotional needs for respect, identity, belongingness, and status. We argue that an overemphasis on material needs may divert attention away from other causes of tension and thus prevent actions that could alleviate or mitigate fisheries conflicts.
|
|
| 8. |
- Arias Schreiber, Milena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Swimming upstream: community economies for a different coastal rural development in Sweden
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Sustainability Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1862-4065 .- 1862-4057. ; 15, s. 63-73
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019, The Author(s). The EU Blue Growth agenda is being implemented at a time when European coastal fisheries and traditional fishing communities are struggling to survive or have already vanished from areas where they used to flourish. Driven by the strong conviction that current disadvantaged and vulnerable coastal fishers still have a central role to play in rural development, local level initiatives are calling for a different future for this fishery sector. The participants in these initiatives insist that coastal fisheries should not be driven to extinction, despite their low economic profitability and thus minimal contribution to economic growth compared to large-scale enterprises. Through participatory observation and informal interviews, we investigate one of these local level initiatives on the Swedish Baltic Sea coast and analyse how it aligns with a community economies’ project based on a different economic perspective. We describe first the primary activities carried out by the initiative and follow by an examination on what drove it, how it has been maintained, and how it might spread. We conclude on the potentials of the community economies framework and project to advance a Blue degrowth agenda based on difference and not necessarily less.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
- Bitoun, R. E., et al.
(författare)
-
A methodological framework for capturing marine small-scale fisheries' contributions to the sustainable development goals
- 2024
-
Ingår i: SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE. - 1862-4065 .- 1862-4057.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Small-scale fisheries (SSF) receive increasing international attention for landing around 40% of global marine fisheries catches and employing millions of people globally. Their contributions to food security and poverty alleviation, especially in developing countries, make it relevant to consider them when discussing sustainable development goals (SDGs). Achieving SDGs by supporting SSF means understanding fisheries in their broader context, from the health of marine ecosystems to social and economic features such as employment, public health, culture, and the effects of global change. Social-ecological relationships in SSF are complex and poorly understood, thus challenging the identification of policies that could improve and preserve the contributions of SSF to sustainable development. Here, we developed an expert-based rapid appraisal framework to identify and characterize the relationships between SSF and SDGs. The framework serves as a diagnostic tool for identifying strengths and gaps in SSF potential in enhancing SDG achievement in data-limited situations. Our structured approach extends beyond SDG 14 and target 14.b, offering insights into SSF's contributions to 11 other SDGs. As a proof of concept, we illustrate the approach and its potential contributions in two case studies in Madagascar. The method effectively captured the multiple dimensions of the SSF through the SDG lens, providing a contextually relevant understanding of how global UN goals can be achieved locally. Further research is needed to define mechanisms for aggregating and reporting the multiple, case-specific contributions of SSF to monitor progress toward the SDGs at national and global levels.
|
|
| 12. |
- Del Solar, Alonso, et al.
(författare)
-
Peru Case Study: Big Challenges for Small Islands: Management and Governance of “Lobos de Afuera” Islands in the Peruvian Upwelling Ecosystem
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Challenges in Tropical Coastal Zone Management: Experiences and Lessons Learned. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783031178795 ; , s. 303-322
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The management of coastal marine ecosystems requires a multi-sectorial, multidisciplinary approach, where both public and private sectors work together towards the conservation and sustainable use of the ecosystems. In an ideal scenario, the values and interests of all stakeholders should be considered in management strategies aligned with national and international norms and regulations. To this end, the establishment of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) could provide a platform for stakeholders to collaborate and achieve common management and conservation goals. In Peru, the “Guano Islands, Isles and Capes National Reserve System” was established in 2009 to conserve the biodiversity of the Northern Humboldt Current System. This MPA consists of 22 islands and isles, 11 capes, and their adjacent sea, divided into 25 polygons that cover 140, 000 ha, representing a big challenge in terms of management. In this chapter, we draw upon the case study of the octopus fishery in the polygon named Lobos de Afuera Islands (ILA) at the northern part of the MPA, to analyse the advances and setbacks, as well as the challenges associated with stakeholders participation, in relation to the accomplishment of the sustainability goals defined for this polygon. We assess institutional and knowledge challenges for ILA and describe how the deficient acknowledgment of users, the ecological knowledge gaps and a complex administrative system, which involves many institutions, have hindered the understanding of the social-ecological system and the islands management and governance desired outcomes. The neglect to acknowledge the octopus fishers as longtime users of ILA, due to the current illegal status of their fishery in northern Peru, and therefore as formal stakeholders in the polygon’s management, decreases the possibility of applying appropriate co-management strategies. However, a group of octopus divers has recently been formalised into a fishers association and aim at being accepted as formal stakeholders of ILA, through ongoing capacity building related to data collection and organisational skills. The problems of the rigid, inefficient, and limited institutional setup at ILA are also opportunities for identifying bottlenecks and blackboxes, from where research priorities towards an integrated management strategy can be outlined. The increased knowledge of this social-ecological system can also be extended to the whole Guano Islands MPA, where additional flexibility and operational capacities will be needed due to the connectivity among many polygons. Potential pathways towards useful ecosystem-based management may include the emergence of transversal government bodies that can respond faster to the MPA’s inner dynamic and to external pressures, allowing for a less bureaucratic and more integrated approach to management. Moreover, MPA authorities could promote signing general and specific agreements with public and private institutions, prioritising lines of research beyond sporadic projects, towards long-term sustainable management in ILA. The lessons and challenges here presented could also serve to improve the design and implementation of future MPAs in Peru to meet its international commitments.
|
|
| 13. |
- Delaney, Alyne Elizabeth, et al.
(författare)
-
Innovative and traditional actions: Women’s contribution to sustainable coastal households and communities: examples from Japan and Peru
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Maritime Studies. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1872-7859 .- 2212-9790. ; 18, s. 287-295
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. Coastal residents and fishing families worldwide have long relied upon marine resources for their livelihoods and way of life. Fishing families have a history of relying on family members—especially female members—in related businesses, but also can combine non-fishing-related activities to build their resilience. These women and households are characterized by operating independently and showing personal autonomy for the uptake of both traditional enterprises and adapted technologies. It is also natural for women to play important roles in supporting resilience driving such activities and innovations in work and workways. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this article presents women’s activities in two coastal communities in Miyagi, Japan, and San Jose, Peru. The research highlights the importance of sociocultural and gendered contexts as a means to better understand women’s role communities. Strengthening women and fishing households’ adaptations to external pressures and challenges in uncertain environmental global change scenarios can be crucial for the resilience of the small-scale fisheries worldwide.
|
|
| 14. |
- Gillette, Maris Boyd, 1967, et al.
(författare)
-
Hur mår den svenska yrkesfiskaren? En enkätundersökning om fiskelicensinnehavare, 2019
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hur mår den svenska yrkesfiskaren idag? För att utreda hur yrkesfiskare i dagens Sverige utövar sitt yrke, vilka utmaningar de möter, vilka frågor och problemområden de vill lyfta fram, och i vilken grad de är medlemmar i Sveriges erkända producentorganisationer (PO) har forskare vid Göteborgs universitet, i samarbete med Marint centrum i Simrishamn, skickat en enkät till Sveriges 835 fiskelicensinnehavare. Rapporten baseras på 351 respondenter, motsvarande 42% av alla Sveriges fiskelicensinnehavare. Enkäten var första steget i en längre undersökning som nu går in i en dialogfas.
|
|
| 15. |
- Gillette, Maris Boyd, et al.
(författare)
-
Implementing the SSF Guidelines in Sweden: An Investigation of Law and Policy from EU to Local Levels
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Implementation of the Small-Scale Fisheries Guidelines: A Legal and Policy Scan. - Cham : Springer. - 2212-6279. - 9783031567155
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The SSF Guidelines seek to enhance the contribution of small-scale fisheries to food security and nutrition, improve their socioeconomic situation, achieve sustainable use and management of fisheries, and ensure that small-scale fisheries contribute to sustainable futures. The EU has voiced commitments to the SSF Guidelines, and EU Member State Sweden has been commended for its work abroad to advance them. This chapter investigates Sweden’s domestic arena, focusing on marine fisheries. We ask whether Sweden’s legal and policy framework – which extends from EU to local levels – is compatible with implementing key SSF Guidelines recommendations, namely, (1) securing small-scale fisheries’ tenure rights to fishery resources and awarding them preferential access to waters under national jurisdiction, (2) providing designated support to small-scale fisheries, and (3) involving small-scale fisheries in management through representation and consultation. Our research shows that EU laws and policies could be compatible with implementing these provisions. National legislation permits Sweden to take these steps, but national policies do not clearly advance them. By contrast, some local policies strongly promote small-scale fisheries. The question is whether local political pressure, combined with EU encouragement, can steer Sweden toward implementation of the SSF Guidelines.
|
|
| 16. |
- Gillette, Maris Boyd, 1967, et al.
(författare)
-
Röster från svenskt yrkesfiske: Rapport om uppföljningsintervjuer
- 2021
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport redovisar återkommande mönster från 24 intervjuer med svenska yrkesfiskare genomförda 2020. Yrkesfiskarna intervjuades i samband med det Formas-finansierade forskningsprojektet ”Att fiska efter lösningar: samhällsekonomi och hållbar kustutveckling i Sverige.” Syftet med intervjuerna var att skapa en djupare och mer detaljerad bild av de förutsättningar och utmaningar som svenskt yrkesfiske står inför. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer ville vi följa upp en enkät rörande yrkesfisket, som vi skickade ut under juni 2019 och sammanställde i rapporten ”Hur mår den svenska yrkesfiskaren? En enkätundersökning om fiskelicensinnehavare, 2019” (http://hdl.handle.net/2077/64062). Utöver fördjupande frågor i relation till enkätstudiens resultat inkluderade intervjuerna frågor inspirerade av den samhällsvetenskapliga litteraturen om yrkesfiskare i Europa och Nordamerika, för att se hur fisket i Sverige skiljer sig från, eller liknar, fiske på andra platser som präglas av liknande utmaningar.
|
|
| 17. |
- Gillette, Maris Boyd, 1967, et al.
(författare)
-
Sweden’s good fishers: Skills and values in a transforming social-ecological field
- 2022
-
Ingår i: kritisk etnografi - Swedish Journal of Anthropology. - 2003-7201 .- 2003-1173. ; 5:1, s. 37-59
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article we build on the “good farmer” literature to explore how Swedish coastal fishers represented the “good fisher” in the context of transformations in the social-ecological field of commercial fishing. Anthropological and other social science research on the “good farmer,” “good fisher,” “good crofter” and related life-modes, works against the reductionist models of farmers, fishers, and other livelihood actors as driven by profit or economic need. When such models inform environmental policy, management, and activism, they often lead to unintended and unfortunate consequences. Here, drawing on the Bourdieusian “good farmer” tradition, we use interviews and ethnographic materials to investigate what makes the “good fisher” in Swedish coastal fishing, paying particular attention to how fishers have responded to social and ecological changes by reskilling and developing a new practical sense for their profession. Our interlocutors experienced the transformations in Swedish coastal fishing as significantly modifying the skilled performance of fishing, yet the moral values that undergirded their notions of the “good fisher” closely resemble those described in the social science literature on coastal fishers. We argue that these stable moral values relate to the stakes and interests which animate commercial fishing as a social-ecological field, which non-fishers often misunderstand or neglect. Our study challenges reductionist models of fishers and other livelihood actors, a task that many scholars regard as crucial for making progress toward sustainable food, while reworking Bourdieusian theory deployed in “good farmer” research to include not only social but also ecological dimensions.
|
|
| 18. |
- Salmi, Pekka, et al.
(författare)
-
Societal transformations and governance challenges of coastal small-scale fisheries in the Northern Baltic Sea.
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Ocean Governance : Knowledge Systems, Policy Foundations and Thematic Analyses. - Cham : Springer. - 9783031207402 ; , s. 295-317
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our chapter adds a northern dimension to the discussion about the past, present and future of small-scale fisheries and their governance. For centuries, extraction of fish resources has been of utmost importance in many coastal areas of the Baltic Sea and small-scale fisheries have survived due to the robustness of the social institutions that have helped them adapt throughout periods of economic and social upheaval. Lately, the fishing livelihood has been undergoing a continuous process of contraction and concentration in terms of vessel numbers and employment. Leisure use of water areas, nature conservation and science-based governance systems have challenged fishers’ access to fish resources. Especially in the northern parts of the Baltic Sea, the viability and future of coastal small-scale fisheries is severely challenged by problems caused by fish-eating animals, mainly grey seals and cormorants. We draw upon interactive governance theory to compare experiences on Finnish and Swedish small-scale fisheries governance. Our conclusion is that the present governance system is incompatible with the small-scale fisheries context, and propose creating new co-governance arrangements where small-scale fishers’ interests, values and local knowledge are better integrated into a governance system.
|
|
