| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Strömberg, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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A high-throughput strategy for protein profiling in cell microarrays using automated image analysis
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 7:13, s. 2142-2150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Advances in antibody production render a growing supply of affinity reagents for immunohistochemistry (IHC), and tissue microarray (TMA) technologies facilitate simultaneous analysis of protein expression in a multitude of tissues. However, collecting validated IHC data remains a bottleneck problem, as the standard method is manual microscopical analysis. Here we present a high-throughput strategy combining IHC on a recently developed cell microarray with a novel, automated image-analysis application (TMAx). The software was evaluated on 200 digital images of IHC-stained cell spots, by comparing TMAx annotation with manual annotation performed by seven human experts. A high concordance between automated and manual annotation of staining intensity and fraction of IHC-positive cells was found. in a limited study, we also investigated the possibility to assess the correlation between mRNA and protein levels, by using TMAx output results for relative protein quantification and quantitative real-time PCR for the quantification of corresponding transcript levels. In conclusion, automated analysis of immunohistochemically stained in vitro-cultured cells in a microarray format can be used for high-throughput protein profiling, and extraction of RNA from the same cell lines provides a basis for comparing transcription and protein expression on a global scale.
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| 3. |
- Uhlén, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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A human protein atlas for normal and cancer tissues based on antibody proteomics
- 2005
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Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 4:12, s. 1920-1932
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody-based proteomics provides a powerful approach for the functional study of the human proteome involving the systematic generation of protein-specific affinity reagents. We used this strategy to construct a comprehensive, antibody-based protein atlas for expression and localization profiles in 48 normal human tissues and 20 different cancers. Here we report a new publicly available database containing, in the first version, similar to 400,000 high resolution images corresponding to more than 700 antibodies toward human proteins. Each image has been annotated by a certified pathologist to provide a knowledge base for functional studies and to allow queries about protein profiles in normal and disease tissues. Our results suggest it should be possible to extend this analysis to the majority of all human proteins thus providing a valuable tool for medical and biological research.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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The Transcriptomic and Proteomic Landscapes of Bone Marrow and Secondary Lymphoid Tissues
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:12, s. e115911-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The sequencing of the human genome has opened doors for global gene expression profiling, and the immense amount of data will lay an important ground for future studies of normal and diseased tissues. The Human Protein Atlas project aims to systematically map the human gene and protein expression landscape in a multitude of normal healthy tissues as well as cancers, enabling the characterization of both housekeeping genes and genes that display a tissue-specific expression pattern. This article focuses on identifying and describing genes with an elevated expression in four lymphohematopoietic tissue types (bone marrow, lymph node, spleen and appendix), based on the Human Protein Atlas-strategy that combines high throughput transcriptomics with affinity-based proteomics. Results: An enriched or enhanced expression in one or more of the lymphohematopoietic tissues, compared to other tissue-types, was seen for 693 out of 20,050 genes, and the highest levels of expression were found in bone marrow for neutrophilic and erythrocytic genes. A majority of these genes were found to constitute well-characterized genes with known functions in lymphatic or hematopoietic cells, while others are not previously studied, as exemplified by C19ORF59. Conclusions: In this paper we present a strategy of combining next generation RNA-sequencing with in situ affinity-based proteomics in order to identify and describe new gene targets for further research on lymphatic or hematopoietic cells and tissues. The results constitute lists of genes with enriched or enhanced expression in the four lymphohematopoietic tissues, exemplified also on protein level with immunohistochemical images.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Sandra, 1978-
(författare)
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Validation of antibodies for tissue based immunoassays
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In situ protein detection in human tissues using antibodies reveals the cellular protein localization, and affinity-based proteomic studies can help to discover proteins involved in the development of diseases. However, antibodies often suffer from cross-reactivity, and the lack of positive and negative tissue controls for uncharacterized proteins complicates the mapping of the proteome. The aim of this thesis is thus to improve the methodology for validating antibodies used for immunostaining on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues.Two of the papers include comparisons between mRNA-expression and immunostaining of corresponding protein. In paper I, ISH and IHC staining patterns were compared on consecutive TMA-slides. The study of well-characterized genes showed that ISH could be used for validation of antibodies. ISH was further used for antibody evaluation, and could validate four out of nine antibodies showing potentially interesting staining patterns. In paper III, transcriptomic data generated by RNA-sequencing were used to identify tissue specific expression in lymphohematopoietic tissues. An increased expression in one or more of these tissues compared to other tissue types was seen for 693 genes, and these were further compared to the staining patterns of corresponding proteins in tissues.Antibody labeling is necessary for many immunoassays. In paper II, two techniques for antibody-biotinylation were compared, aiming to find a stringent labeling method for antibodies used for immunostaining on TMAs. The ZBPA-method, binding specifically to Fc-part of antibodies, was found to be superior to the Lightning Link-biotinylation kit targeting amine groups, since labeling of amine groups on stabilizing proteins in the antibody buffer causes unspecific staining.The localization of the estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in human normal and cancer tissues was studied in paper IV. Thorough evaluation of 13 antibodies using positive and negative control cell lines showed that only one antibody, PPZ0506, is specific for ERβ in all three immunoassays used. Contradictory to previously published data, tissue profiling using PPZ0506 showed that ERβ is expressed in a limited number of normal and cancer tissues.In conclusion, the present investigations present tools for validation of antibodies used for large-scale studies of protein expression in tissues.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Asplund, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Caregivers' Reactions to the Physical Appearance of a Person in the Final Stage of Dementia as Measured by Semantic Differentials
- 1993
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Aging & Human Development. - 0091-4150 .- 1541-3535. ; 37:3, s. 205-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The semantic differential (SeD) technique was applied to 158 caregivers from a nursing home in the northern part of Sweden. The questionnaire contained fifty-eight bipolar scales of adjective pairs and the interviewees indicated then-reactions to a described picture of a severely demented person: A factor analysis revealed three dimensions; an ethical one, an esthetical one, and one about the person's own feelings. The fifty-eight scales were mostly rated toward the negative poles. The severely demented person was rated as painful, apathetic, suffering, weak, afraid, sad, cold, dark, rough, and ugly.Four years later a comparable group of caregivers (n = 93) answered a revised questionnaire containing the 26 SeD scales with factor loadings > .50 for the picture of the severely demented person. The result was nearly identical and alternative interpretations are discussed.
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| 9. |
- Asplund, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Caregivers' Reactions to the Physical Appearance of a Person in the Final Stage of Dementia as Measured by Semantic Differentials
- 1993
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Ingår i: International Journal of Aging and Human Development. - 0091-4150. ; 37:3, s. 205-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Caregivers (n=158) from Swedish nursing home rated severely demented person as painful, apathetic, suffering, weak, afraid, sad, cold, dark, rough, and ugly. Four years later, comparable group of 93 caregivers answered revised questionnaire. Results were nearly identical to first administration.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Asplund, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Facial expressions in severely demented patients : a stimulus-response study of four patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type
- 1991
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 6:8, s. 599-606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability to exhibit facial expressions was studied in four patients with severe dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT), by means of the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) and physiological responses (heart rate, respiration, skin temperature) under pleasant and unpleasant stimulus conditions. Complex facial expressions that could be interpreted as expressions of emotions were not seen. An increase in the number of facial movements and changes in the physiological responses were seen most markedly under the unpleasant stimulus condition. The patients' reactions during the assumed pleasant stimulus conditions indicated comfort. Different reactions were obtained among the patients. The importance of developing further methods to identify and interpret facial movements in nurse-patient relationships is emphasized.
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| 12. |
- Asplund, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Facial Expressions of Patients With Dementia : A Comparison of Two Methods of Interpretation
- 1995
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Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics. - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 7:4, s. 527-534
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two methods of interpreting the videotaped facial expressions of four patients with severe dementia of the Alzheimer type were compared. Interpretations of facial expressions performed by means of unstructured naturalistic judgements revealed episodes when the four patients exhibited anger, disgust, happiness, sadness, and surprise. When these episodes were assessed by use of modified version of the Facial Action Coding System, there was, in total, 48% agreement between the two methods. The highest agreement, 98%, occurred for happiness shown by one patient. It was concluded that more emotions could be judged by means of the unstructured naturalistic method, which is based on an awareness of the total situation that facilitates imputing meaning into the patients' cues. It is a difficult task to find a balance between imputing too much meaning into the severely demented patients' sparse and unclear cues and ignoring the possibility that there is some meaning to be interpreted.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Asplund, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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The Sucking Behaviour of Two Patients in the Final Stage of Dementia of the Alzheimer Type
- 1991
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 5:3, s. 141-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two patients in the final stage of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), who could no longer be given nutrition by assisted feeding, were given fluids by means of the sucking ability they still retained. They sucked more slowly under nutritive than under non-nutritive sucking conditions. The sucking efficiency of one of them improved during training. The status of the patients in the final stage of their dementia differed from one another, which might explain the difference in outcome. It is therefore suggested, that the use of the patients' sucking ability could serve as a complement and/or an alternative feeding technique when assisted spoon-feeding becomes extremely difficult or impossible. It is considered to be more gentle and natural than the present feeding techniques.
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| 18. |
- Athlin, Elsy, et al.
(författare)
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Caregivers' perceptions and interpretations of severely demented patients during feeding in a task assignment system.
- 1990
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 4:4, s. 147-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ninety-one focused interviews concerning the feeding of 23 severely demented patients were performed with 62 caregivers who fed the patients in a task assignment system. The aim was to increase the understanding about how caregivers perceive and interpret severely demented patients' behaviour and experiences during feeding. Content analysis showed that the caregivers' commitment or lack of commitment constituted a superior level that determined whether the patient was seen as a subject or as an object. Subcategories that were found were knowledge of the patient's disease and personal history, intuition, identification, empathy, generalisation and routinisation.
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| 19. |
- Athlin, Elsy, et al.
(författare)
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Feeding problems in severely demented patients seen from task and relationship aspects
- 1989
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 3:3, s. 113-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed at increasing the understanding of feeding problems in severely demented patients cared for in a task assignment system. Twenty-three video-recordings made during the feeding of 15 severely demented patients and 55 focused interviews with 45 caregivers, who fed the 15 patients during that period were analysed regarding the feeding problems seen from a task aspect and from a relationship aspect. The result indicated that the problems were partly of a more constant nature and partly fluctuated from meal to meal. Feeding problems regarding the task aspect were mentioned first by the caregivers in the interviews in spite of the fact that the patients had severe communication problems which could be expected to cause great problems in the relationship between the patient and his caregiver. Reasons for these findings are suggested.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Audulv, Åsa, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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An ongoing process of inner negotiation – a Grounded Theory study of self-management among people living with chronic illness
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness. - : Wiley. - 1752-9816 .- 1752-9824. ; 1:4, s. 283-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. The aim of this study was to better understand the main concern of self-management processes among people with chronic illness.Background. One aspect of living with chronic illness is self-management that can reduce the illness impact on daily life and promote future health. Although factors that influence self-management have been identified in previous research, little attention has been brought to the process of making self-management decisions. In clinical settings, use of a theory could facilitate patient-empowering approaches.Method. The data collection for this Grounded Theory was mostly conducted in 2006. Data were collected by interviews with 26 adults with a variety of chronic illnesses, including rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel syndrome, multiple sclerosis, ischaemic heart disease and chronic kidney failure.Results. Individuals are conflicted by competing preferences when taking decisions about self-management. Consequently, the decision-making process can be understood as an ongoing inner negotiation between different incompatible perspectives, e.g. social needs vs. medical needs. The process of negotiating self-management starts with the individual’s considering beliefs about health and illness, which make the individual face illness threats and the need for self-management. Several aspects influence negotiating self-management namely, assessing effects of self-management; evaluating own capacity; perceiving normality or stigmatisation; and experiencing support and external resources. The process has been demonstrated in a model.Conclusions. The process of negotiating self-management is an ongoing inner debate rather than a one-time decision. This opens up new ways of understanding, and communicating with, patients. The described model also links behavioural theories and research findings in a comprehensive understanding.Relevance to clinical practice. This model could be applicable as a communication tool for health-care providers in identifying barriers to, and resources in, self-management behaviour among individuals with chronic illness.
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| 23. |
- Audulv, Åsa, 1980-
(författare)
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Being creative and resourceful : Individuals’ abilities and possibilities for self-management of chronic illness
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Individuals’ self-management styles are crucial for how they manage to live with illness. Commonly investigated factors include social support, self-efficacy, health beliefs, and demographics. There is a gap in the literature with regard to in-depth studies of how those factors actually influence an individual’s self-management. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the underlying mechanisms of self-management from the perspective of individuals living with chronic illness. Interviews were conducted with 47 individuals with various chronic illnesses, some of them repeatedly over two and a half years (a total of 107 interviews). The material was analysed with; constructive grounded theory, content analysis, phenomenography, and interpretive description. The Self-management Support Model identified aspects that influenced participants’ self-management: economic and social situation, social support, views and perspectives on illness, attribution of responsibility, and ability to integrate self-management into an overall life situation. For example, individuals with a life-oriented or disease-oriented perspective on illness prioritized different aspects of self-management. People who attributed internal responsibility performed a more complex self-management regimen than individuals who attributed external responsibility. In conclusion, individuals who were creative and resourceful had a better chance of tailoring a self-management regimen that suited them well. People in more disadvantaged positions (e.g., financial strain, limited support, or severe intrusive illness) experienced difficulty in finding a method of self-management that fit their life situation. These findings can inspire healthcare providers to initiate a reflective dialogue about self-management with their patients.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Audulv, Åsa, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of illness perspectives on self-management of chronic disease
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness. - Singapore : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 1752-9816 .- 1752-9824. ; 3:2, s. 109-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To explore people’s illness perspectives and related self-management of chronic disease.Background: Individuals’ illness beliefs and perspectives have been suggested to influence their self-management behaviour. However, research that has examined the influence of illness perspectives on chronic disease self-management has been largely quantitative and has focused on selected elements of self-management. How individuals’ illness perspectives influence their whole of self-management has not been investigated in depth.Method: The phenomenographic research study entailed 26 narrative interviews with Swedish adults with a variety of chronic diseases. Data were collected mostly during 2006.Results: The participants described two illness perspectives; being life-oriented meant to focus upon how to live a good life with disease, whereas a diseaseoriented illness perspective emphasised the medical and physiological aspects of disease. The participants attested to one of the two illness perspectives as a main perspective, although they shifted between the perspectives depending of context and illness experience. The participants’ illness perspectives were reflected in their understandings of self-management. Participants with a dominant life-oriented illness perspective performed self-management in order to continue living a ‘normal’ life (e.g. facilitate activity and mental well-being). When holding a disease-oriented illness perspective, self-management was focused upon controlling disease (e.g. symptom management and avoiding disease related complications).Conclusions: People with chronic illness hold a dominant illness perspective that determines how they understand and enact self-management. These perspectives 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd 109 are not static; instead individuals tend to shift between the perspectives under specific circumstances.Relevance to clinical practice: Health-care providers shall acknowledge that individuals’ with chronic illness shift between a life-oriented and a disease-oriented illness perspective. The results of the current study can be used by health-care providers in order to launch a dialogue in order to support individuals’ self-management.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Audulv, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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The integration of chronic illness self-management
- 2012
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Ingår i: Qualitative Health Research. - : Sage Publications. - 1049-7323 .- 1552-7557. ; 22:3, s. 332-345
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Self-management is crucial for people living with chronic diseases, but the actual process of integrating self-management has not been explored in depth. In this article, we investigate the integration of self-management into the lives of people with chronic illness. In this longitudinal study, we used an interpretive description approach. Twenty-one individuals were interviewed regularly during the first 3 years after they were diagnosed with a chronic condition. We found self-management integration to be an ongoing process that included four phases: seeking effective self-management strategies, considering costs and benefits, creating routines and plans of action, and negotiating self-management that fits one's life. The participants managed the phases according to their context, e.g., illness experience, life situation, personal beliefs, and social support. Health care providers should therefore facilitate self-management integration by providing support that is adjusted to the person's phase of self-management integration and life context.
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| 29. |
- Audulv, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Who's in charge? The role of responsibility attribution in self-management among people with chronic illness
- 2010
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Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - : Elsevier. - 0738-3991 .- 1873-5134. ; 81:1, s. 94-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To explore how responsibility attribution influences self-management regimens among people with chronic illness.METHODS: This qualitative content analysis included 26 interviews with people living with chronic illness.RESULTS: The participants attributed responsibility to internal, external or a combination of these factors, meaning that they either assumed responsibility for self-management or considered other people or factors responsible. Internal responsibility was associated with a multifaceted self-management regimen, whereas external responsibility was related to "conventional" self-management such as taking medication, managing symptoms and lifestyle changes.CONCLUSION: How responsibility is attributed is vital for the way in which individuals perform self-management. In this study, those who attributed responsibility to external factors mainly performed recommended behaviours to control their illness. In contrast, to take charge of their illness and be an active participant in the care, individuals must take responsibility for themselves, i.e. internal responsibility.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Health-care providers should acknowledge and support individuals' wishes about various levels of responsibility as well as different kinds of patient-provider relationships.
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| 30. |
- Augutis, Marika, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial aspects of traumatic spinal cord injury with onset during adolescence : A qualitative study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine (JSCM). - : Informa UK Limited. - 1079-0268 .- 2045-7723. ; 30:Suppl1, s. 55-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Spinal cord injury (SCI) occurring during adolescence poses additional challenges because of the concurrent age-specific bio-psychosocial development. Full understanding of the psychosocial dimensions of rehabilitation requires exploration of the patient perspective. The objective of this study was to focus on psychosocial factors from the patient perspective in persons who had previously sustained a SCI during early and mid-adolescence (11-15 years of age).METHODS: Twenty-four of the 28 persons who had sustained a SCI in Sweden from 1985 to 1996 participated in the study. Semistructured interviews were made an average of 10 years after injury. Narratives were analyzed qualitatively according to content analysis.RESULTS: Parents and peers were found to have formed a crucial network. Parents frequently acted as advocates in interactions with health care providers, as supporters, and as containers of sorrow, frustration, and anger. Peers acted as promoters of activity and identity development. However, health care providers were perceived as not making sufficient use of this network.CONCLUSIONS: Rehabilitation professionals might be encouraged to increase their knowledge of adolescence medicine to better meet the specific needs and demands of persons in this age group. It is further suggested that parents and peers be considered important partners in the joint rehabilitation effort.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Berglund, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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A genecentric Human Protein Atlas for expression profiles based on antibodies
- 2008
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Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 7:10, s. 2019-2027
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- An attractive path forward in proteomics is to experimentally annotate the human protein complement of the genome in a genecentric manner. Using antibodies, it might be possible to design protein-specific probes for a representative protein from every protein-coding gene and to subsequently use the antibodies for systematical analysis of cellular distribution and subcellular localization of proteins in normal and disease tissues. A new version (4.0) of the Human Protein Atlas has been developed in a genecentric manner with the inclusion of all human genes and splice variants predicted from genome efforts together with a visualization of each protein with characteristics such as predicted membrane regions, signal peptide, and protein domains and new plots showing the uniqueness (sequence similarity) of every fraction of each protein toward all other human proteins. The new version is based on tissue profiles generated from 6120 antibodies with more than five million immunohistochemistry-based images covering 5067 human genes, corresponding to approximately 25% of the human genome. Version 4.0 includes a putative list of members in various protein classes, both functional classes, such as kinases, transcription factors, G-protein-coupled receptors, etc., and project-related classes, such as candidate genes for cancer or cardiovascular diseases. The exact antigen sequence for the internally generated antibodies has also been released together with a visualization of the application-specific validation performed for each antibody, including a protein array assay, Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and, for a large fraction, immunofluorescence-based confocal microscopy. New search functionalities have been added to allow complex queries regarding protein expression profiles, protein classes, and chromosome location. The new version of the protein atlas thus is a resource for many areas of biomedical research, including protein science and biomarker discovery.
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| 33. |
- Berglund, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Generation of validated antibodies towards the human proteome
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Here we show the results from a large effort to generate antibodies towards the human proteome. A high-throughput strategy was developed based on cloning and expression of antigens as recombitant protein epitope signature tags (PrESTs) Affinity purified polyclonal antibodies were generated, followed by validation by protein microarrays, Western blotting and microarray-based immunohistochemistry. PrESTs were selected based on sequence uniqueness relative the proteome and a bioinformatics analysis showed that unique antigens can be found for at least 85% of the proteome using this general strategy. The success rate from antigen selection to validated antibodies was 31%, and from protein to antibody 55%. Interestingly, membrane-bound and soluble proteins performed equally and PrEST lengths between 75 and 125 amino acids were found to give the highest yield of validated antibodies. Multiple antigens were selected for many genes and the results suggest that specific antibodies can be systematically generated to most human proteibs.
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| 34. |
- Björkman Randström, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Activity and participation in home rehabilitation : Older people's and family members perspectives
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 45:2, s. 211-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To explore the experiences of older people and their supporting family members in relation to home rehabilitation, with a focus on activity and participation. Methods: Qualitative interviews were carried out with 6 older people and 6 family members at 1 and 6 months after the older person’s discharge to their home. Qualitative content analysis of the data was carried out. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health provides a guiding framework for rehabilitation. Results: Informants’ experiences of home rehabilitation contributed to the formation of 6 categories: (i) living with a frail body; (ii) striving for well-being in daily life; (iii) being close at hand; (iv) feeling dependent in daily life; (v) struggling to carry on; and (vi) striving to be at home. Conclusion: Older people’s goals were to return to daily routines and to perform meaningful activities without feeling dependent on other people. Family members’ participation was crucial. Psychosocial support and autonomy were essential for facilitating activity and participation. Healthcare professionals should consider each individual’s unique experiences along with the significance of being at home.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Björkman Randström, Kerstin
(författare)
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Hemmet som arena för äldres rehabilitering
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Avhandlingens övergripande syfte var att studera multidisciplinära teams, äldre personers och familjemedlemmars erfarenheter av hemrehabilitering. Avhandlingen baseras på fyra studier (I-IV). Alla studierna har en kvalitativa beskrivande design. Datamaterialet utgjordes av fokusgruppsintervjuer med personal arbetande i team i kommunal hälso- och sjukvård (I), intervjuer med äldre personer, över 65 år, som vårdats på sjukhuset och därefter fortsatt rehabilitering i hemmet (II,III,IV), samt familjemedlemmar involverade i de äldres rehabilitering (II).Studie I visade på betydelsen av att möta äldres individuella behov och att arbeta utifrån ett rehabiliterande förhållningssätt i avsikt att ge en hjälp som inte innebär att ta över handlingar från den äldre. Väsentligt var att i teamet reflektera över hur man agerar utifrån den egna professionen för att kunna utveckla ett rehabiliterande förhållningssätt i det dagliga arbetet. I resultatet framkom att teamen uppfattade hemrehabilitering som positiv för de äldre, men mindre lämpligt om de äldre var svårt sjuka och de kände sig otrygga i sitt hem. Respekt för de äldres integritet i deras hem och att göra de närstående delaktiga i rehabiliteringen betonades. Resultatet visade på att för att kunna utveckla samarbetet i teamet finns behov av att diskutera varje professions ansvarsområde och klargöra gränser mellan varandras ansvarområden. Behovet av att tillföra psykosocial kompetens i teamet framhölls för att möta de äldres behov. I studie II framkom att de äldre upplevde rehabiliteringen vara en balansgång i att känna av vad kroppen orkar med för dagen och vad som är realistiskt att uppnå för att känna välbefinnande. Tryggheten i att ha någon i familjen nära sig i hemmet var oumbärligt för att våga utföra träning och vardagliga aktiviteter. Resultatet visar på de äldres upplevelse av otillfredsställelse med att vara beroende av andra. Familjemedlemmar var engagerade i de äldres rehabilitering genom att finnas till hands, hjälpa till och vara stödjande, vilket var en självklar handling men också utmanande i att kunna hjälpa på rätt sätt. Bristande information om hjälpmedels funktion och användning skapade frustration. Resultatet visar att både de äldre och deras familjemedlemmar ser hemmiljön bidra till att underlätta rehabilitering. Det som försvårar är när gränsen för det egna hemmet inskränkts i och med att och personal ofta gick "in och ut" i det egna hemmet.Studie III visar på ett flertal faktorer i de äldres vardag och i det omgivande samhället som inverkat underlättande eller hindrande på aktiviteter och delaktighet vid hemrehabilitering. Resultatet beskrivs utifrån Klassifikation av funktionstillstånd, funktionshinder och hälsa (ICF) i 19 kategorier i domänen omgivningsfaktorer. Som underlättande faktorer framträder bl.a. tillgång till hjälpmedel, en fysisk miljö tillgänglig för aktiviteter samt att få stöd från närstående, vänner och personal i hälso- och sjukvård och omsorg. I resultatet framkom betydelsen av ett empatiskt förhållningssätt när personal möter den äldre personen i dennes hem. Resultatet indikerar att hemrehabilitering inte till fullo tillgodoser äldres behov av rehabilitering. I studie IV framkommer personliga faktorer som inre styrka, motivation, engagemang och tålamod för att nå positiva resultat i en rehabilitering som sträcker sig över flera år. Rehabilitering beskrivs i fysiska och psykiska faser som övergick i att hantera en fysisk funktionsnedsättning med svårigheter att gå i dagligt liv. Resultatet visar på betydelsen av adekvat information, vikten av socialt stöd och tillgänglighet till hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal under rehabiliteringsprocessen.Avhandlingen bidrar till en ökad kunskap om hur multidisciplinära team, äldre personer och familjemedlemmar upplever rehabilitering i hemmiljö. Nyttan med avhandlingen kan medföra att hemrehabilitering som vårdform kan bli föremål för diskussioner om hur det utformas och organiseras för att på bästa sätt stödja de äldre och närstående med utgångspunkt från de äldres och närståendes erfarenheter och upplevelser. Detta kan ses gagna deltagarna på individnivå men även för utveckling inom yrkesprofessionen. Avhandlingen har även visat på möjligheten att implementera ICF i rehabiliterande omvårdnad.
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| 37. |
- Björkman Randström, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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"I have to be patient" - A longitudinal case study of an older man's rehabilitation experience after a hip replacement surgery
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Education and Practice. - : Sciedu Press. - 1925-4040 .- 1925-4059. ; 3:8, s. 160-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Aging can bring about an increased risk of disability. Following illness or injures, rehabilitation is essentialif the individual affected is to attain and maintain independence. Performing rehabilitation with a person-centeredapproach is vital for positive outcomes. Health providers are increasingly interested in developing rehabilitation servicesin outpatient settings for older people in their own homes. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe an older man’s rehabilitation experience after a hip replacement surgery.Design: A longitudinal qualitative descriptive single case study.Methods: Interviews were conducted on four occasions with the participant in his own home. The interviews wereconducted one month, seven months, one year, and five years after the patient was discharged from the hospital. The datawere analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Results: Three categories emerged: (i) having feelings of despair, (ii) being in charge, and (iii) having rehabilitative support. The results demonstrate the participant’s decreased ability to walk after a complicated hip surgery, and his physical and psychological struggle for well-being in everyday life. A strong motivation to return to as normal a life aspossible facilitated the rehabilitation. Also, a supportive family and accessible health care professionals were essential tothe positive outcome of the home rehabilitation.Conclusion: Rehabilitation can extend over a long period to maintain and improve mobility. Also, living with a disability causes feelings of despair. The home can be a source of energy but also a place of challenges during rehabilitation. To support older people in achieving their rehabilitation goals and engaging in meaningful activities, professionals should focus on personal factors, psychosocial support and on influential factors in the home environment and in society in general.
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| 38. |
- Björkman Randström, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of environmental factors in home rehabilitation − a qualitative study from the perspective of older persons using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health to describe facilitators and barriers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 34:9, s. 779-787
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore older people’s experience of environmental factors that impact on their activity and participation in home rehabilitation. Method: Older people aged between 68 and 93 years and receiving home rehabilitation were interviewed. A qualitative content analysis was performed on the interview text using the predetermined structure of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) environmental domain. The text was linked to the closest ICF category. Results: The results identified environmental facilitators and barriers that influenced activity and participation among older people receiving home rehabilitation. Approaches that provided a facilitative environment were access to assistive products and technologies, alterations to the physical environment, social support and relationships, and adjusted health and social care services. Conclusions: A qualitative study using ICF-listed environmental factors contributed a holistic view of facilitators and barriers in home rehabilitation for older people. Awareness of the importance of the impact of the social environment on activities and participation could improve home rehabilitation services for older people. The study represents an important step towards a holistic approach using the ICF, which aims to enable all health care professionals to describe, plan and evaluate rehabilitation services together with older people across the health and social care sectors.
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| 39. |
- Björkman Randström, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Working with 'hands-off' support: a qualitative study of multidisciplinary teams' experiences of home rehabilitation for older people
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Older People Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1748-3735 .- 1748-3743. ; 9:1, s. 25-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThere is a move towards the provision of rehabilitation for older people in their homes. It is essential to ensure that rehabilitation services promote independence of older people.AimThe aim of the study was to explore multidisciplinary teams' experiences of home rehabilitation for older people.MethodsFive focus groups were conducted with multidisciplinary teams based in a municipality in Sweden, covering seven different professions. In total, 28 participants volunteered to participate in these interviews. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed according to content analysis.ResultsTwo main categories, as well as four subcategories, emerged. The first main category, having a rehabilitative approach in everyday life, consisted of the subcategories: ‘giving ‘hands-off’ support’ and ‘being in a home environment’. The second main category, working across professional boundaries, consisted of the subcategories: ‘coordinating resources’ and ‘learning from each other’.ConclusionCommon goals, communication skills and role understanding contributed to facilitating the teams' performances of rehabilitation. A potential benefit of home rehabilitation, because the older person is in a familiar environment, is to work a rehabilitative approach into each individual's activity in their everyday life in order to meet their specific needs. At an organisational level, there is a need for developing services to further support older people's psychosocial needs during rehabilitation.Implications for practiceTeam performance towards an individual's rehabilitation should come from an emerged whole and not only from the performance of a specific professional approach depending on the traditional role of each profession. A rehabilitative approach is based on ‘hands-off’ support in order to incorporate an individual's everyday activities as a part of their rehabilitation.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Blusi, Madeleine, et al.
(författare)
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Older family carers in rural areas - experiences from using caregiver support services based on Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Ageing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1613-9372 .- 1613-9380. ; 10:3, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this intervention study was to illuminate the meaning of ICT-basedcaregiver support as experienced by older family carers living in vast ruralareas, caring for a spouse at home. In order to access the support serviceparticipants were provided with a computer and high speed Internet in theirhomes. Semi structured webcam-interviews were carried out with 31 familycarers. A strategy for webcam interviewing was developed in order to ensurequality and create a comfortable interview situation for the family carers.Interviews were analyzed using content analyses, resulting in the themes: Adoptingnew technology with help from others and Regaining social inclusion.The results indicate that ICT-based support can be valuable for older familycarers in rural areas as it contributes to improve quality in daily life in anumber of ways. In order to fully experience the benefits, family carers needto be frequent users of the provided support. Adequate training andencouragement from others were essential in motivating family carers to use thesupport service. Access to Internet and webcamera contributed to reducingloneliness and isolation, strengthening relationships with relatives living faraway and enabled access to services no longer available in the area. Use of theICT-service had a positive influence on the relationship between the oldercarer and adult grandchildren. It also contributed to carer competence andpromote feelings of regaining independence and a societal role.
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| 42. |
- Bäckström, Britt
(författare)
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En tillvaro av utanförskap : En longitudinell studie om att vara i medelåldern och närstående till en person som insjuknat i stroke
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ett övergripande syfte med avhandling var att belysa den levda erfarenheten av att vara i medelåldern och närstående till en person som insjuknat i stroke för första gången och studera de närståendes erfarenheter av förändringen över tid under det första året efter utskrivning till hemmet, samt att belysa innebörden av medelålders makars levda erfarenhet av relationen till en partner som insjuknat i stroke; under det första året. Avhandlingen omfattar 4 delstudier (I-IV) som sammantaget utgör en longitudinell studie. Tio närstående (40 - 64 år) till personer insjuknade i stroke (förstagångs insjuknande) med förväntat hjälpbehov överstigande 6 månader, inkluderades konsekutivt i studien och följdes under ett år efter utskrivning till hemmet. Narrativa intervjuer utfördes en månad (I, n=10), sex månader (II, n=9) och ett år (III, n=9) efter utskrivning till hemmet. Bland de närstående i delstudie I-III fanns fyra kvinnliga makar (gifta; n=2, sambo; n=2) som utgjorde deltagarna i delstudie IV. För att analysera data användes en fenomenologisk hermeneutisk tolkningsmetod (I, IV) och kvalitativ innehållsanalys (II, III). Avhandlingen visar på att vara i medelåldern och närstående till en person som insjuknat i stroke, efter utskrivningen till hemmet, innebär att gå igenom en förändringsprocess i olika steg. Upplevelsen var att en månad efter utskrivningen kämpa för att inte tappa fotfästet i en otrygg livssituation, där de upplevde ett främlingskap inför situationen, sig själv och personen som insjuknat i stroke. Ändå svarade de närstående oreflekterat an ett krav på ansvar och omsorg (I, IV). Efter sex månader visade de närstående på en kamp för att integrera förändringarna orsakade av stroke till det dagliga livet, förlika sig med förlusterna och att hitta balans och en ny normalitet (II). Makarna förde en kamp för att återfå känslan av samhörighet med sin partner och hitta tillbaka till sin egen identitet som maka, vilket bara var möjligt i frånvaro av en vårdarroll (II, IV). Efter ett år tvingades de närstående att erkänna, lära sig hantera och förlika sig med förändringarna orsakade av strokeinsjuknandet (III). Makarna fick lämna en ‛bild‛ av hur deras partner en gång varit. En trygg relation i samvaro och jämlikhet med en känsla av ‛vi‛ förändrades och blev främmande och ojämlik och ersattes med en känsla av ‛jag‛ och ‛du‛. För att härda ut måste makarna omvärdera relationen till sin partner och målen i livet. Även om partnern fortfarande var i livet visade makarna en sorg och ett lidande beroende på förlusten av den relation de en gång haft till personen som insjuknat i stroke (IV). Avhandlingen visar även att de närstående inte upplevde sig varit sedda och bekräftade av den professionella vårdpersonalen i sin egen situation som närstående. Vårdens fokus upplevdes hela tiden enbart vara den sjuke och främst de fysiska förändringarna hos personen med stroke. De närståendes upplevelse var av oförståelse för innebörden av de kognitiva och emotionella förändringarna hos den sjuke (I, II, III). De närstående gav så småningom också upp sin strävan att bli bekräftade vilket innebar att bära på ett lidande som inte blev synliggjort (III). En annan del av förändringsprocessen var att de närstående gick ifrån självförnekelse med fokus på den som insjuknat och nuet (I), till en medvetenhet om att ta egna behov i beaktande (II) och att även fokusera på eget välbefinnande för att orka i en framtid (III). Avhandlingen visar att de medelålders närstående går igenom en transitionsprocess, där upplevelser av förluster, förändringar, lidande och sorg finns relaterat till; dåtid, nutid och framtid. De närståendes upplevelse av oförståelse och brist på känsla av bekräftelse i deras livssituation under året efter utskrivningen till hemmet, kan leda till en känsla av ensamhet och övergivenhet både inom de närstående själva, men också i förhållande till andra och världen utanför.
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| 43. |
- Bäckström, Britt, et al.
(författare)
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The meaning of middle-aged female spouses' lived experience of the relationship with a partner who has suffered a stroke, during the first year postdischarge
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nursing Inquiry. - : Wiley. - 1320-7881 .- 1440-1800. ; 17:3, s. 257-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stroke consequences present a great long-term challenge to the spouses of the stroke sufferer. A longitudinal study with a phenomenological hermeneutic approach was used to illuminate the meanings of middle-aged female spouses' lived experience of their relationship with a partner who has suffered a stroke, during the first year postdischarge. Four middle-aged female spouses of stroke sufferers participated in the study. Narrative interviews were conducted 1, 6 and 12 month postdischarge (total of 12 interviews), audio-taped and transcribed verbatim to a text and interpreted by a phenomenological hermeneutic method inspired by Ricoeur. The findings showed a process over time during which spouses come to know, recognize and acknowledge the residual changes in their partners' cognitive and emotional conditions and the impact on their relationship. Spouses showed grief due to the loss of the marital relationship they once had and anxiety that they would not be able to continue in an undesired relationship in the future. Even if the partner is still alive, there is a loss to grieve and to be understood, an important meaning of the transition process in the relationship during the first year after the partner's discharge.
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| 44. |
- Carlsund, Åsa, 1969-
(författare)
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Children`s Mental Health -with focus on family arrangements
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main aim of this thesis was to study children’s mental health with focus on family arrangements. The thesis was based on four studies (I-IV). Study number I, III and IV were quantitative studies with cross sectional design, using the Swedish version of Health behaviour in School- aged children (HBSC), including children aged 11, 13 and 15 years. The data was analysed with multiple linear regression analysis (I) and multivariate logistic regression analysis (III, IV). Study II was of qualitative descriptive design, based on 28 interviews with parents living in shared physical custody with their children. The qualitative study was analysed with inductive latent content analysis.Study I showed that lower levels of SHC and higher levels of SWB were associated with higher degrees of social capital in the family, school and neighbourhood. Social capital in family, school and neighbourhood had a cumulative influence on children’s SHC and SWB. In study II the participating parents described their own as well as the perceptions of their children and former partners. Parents’ perceptions changed from the beginning of shared physical custody, through the current situation, ending with perception of the future. The fifteen year old boys and girls (III) living in shared physical custody were more at risk of being a smoker or having been drunk compared with children living in two parent families. The results of sex <15 years and conduct problems showed that the risks didn’t differ significantly between these two groups. Study IV showed that children living in shared physical custody with their parents were more likely than children in two parent families to report multiple SHC, and low SWB. The variable of communication did not moderate the SHC and SWB of the children in any of these two groups.This thesis contribute with new and deeper understanding of the relatively new phenomenon: shared physical custody, and its associations to children’s mental health. The parent’s perceptions were an important complement to the children’s self reported health. In order to influence the decreasing mental health among children and adolescents, their opinions contributes to further understanding. Narratives from children, parents and practitioners are required in order to further study the association between children’s health outcomes and different family arrangements. Additional studies are needed to clarify how children’s mental health and different family arrangements are related to school, community economy, and society.
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| 45. |
- Carlsund, Åsa, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Parent’s Experiences of Joint Physical Custody
- 2014
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Ingår i: Open Family Studies Journal. - : Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.. - 1874-9224. ; 6, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: Aim: This study’s aim was to learn more about parent experiences, when living in joint physical custody with their children. Methods: The study design was descriptive, using a qualitative approach. Interviews were conducted with 28 parents who lived in joint physical custody with their children. Content was analysed using inductive content analysis. Results: Participants with joint custody reported many positive experiences, and a similar process of adapting to the new living- arrangement. Results indicate that shortly after the separation parents were mainly occupied with emotional reactions to the new family situation. After two to three years, or in some cases longer, things seemed to settle down and the participants became more accustomed to the arrangements. Conclusion: This qualitative study provides insights into parents’ experiences of living in joint physical custody with their children. Many positive experiences and a similar process of adapting to the new arrangement were revealed. In the initial period, the parents seemed mainly to have been occupied with emotional reactions to the new family situation.
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| 46. |
- Chatchumni, Manaporn, 1974-
(författare)
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Post-operative pain management practice : Current situation and challenges within nursing practice in a Thai context
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Patients’ recovery after surgery is one of the most important health processes in planned hospital healthcare and has a direct impact on welfare and welfare systems. Therefore, what nurses do in the immediate postoperative period is of vital importance. This thesis addresses the question of understanding how nurses work in managing post-operative pain by exploring their daily nursing practices and experiences in responding to the patient in pain within a Thai cultural context.The project applied a qualitative methodology where the local culture and its day-to-day practices of pain management were studied by using observations, focus groups, in-depth interviews and a critical incident interview approach with nurses. Informants were recruited at a public hospital in Bangkok in a surgical ward. In all, 100 hours of observations, 39 interviews and 69 descriptions of critical incidents related to nurse’s pain management were gathered. The data analysis followed the principles of qualitative research.The findings showed that, although there is a clearly defined approach to pain management, the response system followed by the nurses to address patients’ pain is complex and includes much lead time between assessing patients’ pain and the nurses responding to the pain. Furthermore, nurses are caught in what is labeled a patient paradigm, where evidence of pain often is double- and triple-checked by scoring and recording signs that are then subject to confirmation by a third party. Underpinning this is a culture of pain management cultivated between the nurses that rests first and foremost on their own experiences and a working/professional culture where nurses offer each other practical help in urgent situations, but seldom discuss event-based strategies together. Nevertheless, when nurses described situations when they were successful in practicing pain management, they considered their own engagement and their availability of time, space and therapeutic options to be important.Keywords: Culture of nursing, Nursing in pain management, Pain assessment, Perception of pain, Pain management, Pain post-operative
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| 47. |
- Chen, DeJiu, et al.
(författare)
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A Knowledge-in-the-Loop Approach to Integrated Safety&Security for Cooperative System-of-Systems
- 2015
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Ingår i: IEEE Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Information Systems. - : IEEE. - 9781509019496 - 9781509019502
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A system-of-systems (SoS) is inherently open inconfiguration and evolutionary in lifecycle. For the nextgeneration of cooperative cyber-physical system-of-systems,safety and security constitute two key issues of public concernthat affect the deployment and acceptance. In engineering, theopenness and evolutionary nature also entail radical paradigmshifts. This paper presents one novel approach to thedevelopment of qualified cyber-physical system-of-systems, withCooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) as one target.The approach, referred to as knowledge-in-the-loop, aims toallow a synergy of well-managed lifecycles, formal qualityassurance, and smart system features. One research goal is toenable an evolutionary development with continuous andtraceable flows of system rationale from design-time to postdeploymenttime and back, supporting automated knowledgeinference and enrichment. Another research goal is to develop aformal approach to risk-aware dynamic treatment of safety andsecurity as a whole in the context of system-of-systems. Key basetechnologies include: (1) EAST-ADL for the consolidation ofsystem-wide concerns and for the creation of an ontology foradvanced run-time decisions, (2) Learning Based-Testing for runtimeand post-deployment model inference, safety monitoringand testing, (3) Provable Isolation for run-time attack detectionand enforcement of security in real-time operating systems.
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| 48. |
- Chen, DeJiu, et al.
(författare)
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A Systematic approach to Risk Management in ITS Context : Challenges and Research Issues
- 2014
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Ingår i: Radioelectronic and Computer Systems, 2014, No 5 ( 69 ). - Ukraine.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) with autonomic functions that are cyber-physical in nature is of rapidly increasing importance for traffic efficiency and safety. Current engineering approaches to such functions often rely on worst-case assumptions, originally used for safety engineering, due to the difficulty and cost involved in precisely modeling and analyzing the system boundaries and emergent behaviors in a highly dynamic configuration of system-of-systems. This can lead to the loss of many of the benefits in regard to traffic efficiency, but also to conditions where the transport system as a whole is prone to unacceptable high risks. We envisage a systematic approach to the development of autonomous functions in ITS resting on the basis of a formal modeling framework. This paper presents our vision for achieving such a goal on the basis of EAST-ADL, which is an ISO26262 compatible architecture modeling language and methodology for the development and management of automotive Electrics & Electronics systems. Especially, this paper elaborates on some key challenges and outlines related research issues to be regarded in a Swedish research initiative, referred to as SARMITS (Systematic Approach to Risk Management in ITS Context).
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Chen, DeJiu, et al.
(författare)
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Towards an Ontology-Based Approach to Safety Management in Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems
- 2015
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Ingår i: Theory and Engineering of Complex Systems and Dependability. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319192161 ; , s. 107-115
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The expected increase in transports of people and goods across Europe will aggravate the problems related to traffic congestion, accidents and pollution. As new road infrastructure alone would not solve such problems, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) has been considered as new initiatives. Due to the complexity of behaviors, novel methods and tools for the requirements engineering, correct-by-construction design, dependability, product variability and lifecycle management become also necessary. This chapter presents an ontology-based approach to safety management in Cooperative ITS (C-ITS), primarily in an automotive context. This approach is supposed to lay the way for all aspects of ITS safety management, from simulation and design, over run-time risk assessment and diagnostics. It provides the support for ontology driven ITS development and its formal information model. Results of approach validation in CarMaker are also given in this Chapter. The approach is a result of research activities made in the framework of Swedish research initiative, referred to as SARMITS (Systematic Approach to Risk Management in ITS Context).
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