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| 2. |
- Girard-Alcindor, V., et al.
(författare)
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New narrow resonances observed in the unbound nucleus F 15
- 2022
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 105:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure of the unbound F15 nucleus is investigated using the inverse kinematics resonant scattering of a radioactive O14 beam impinging on a CH2 target. The analysis of H1(O14,p)O14 and H1(O14,2p)N13 reactions allowed the confirmation of the previously observed narrow 1/2- resonance, near the two-proton decay threshold, and the identification of two new narrow 5/2- and 3/2- resonances. The newly observed levels decay by 1p emission to the ground of O14, and by sequential 2p emission to the ground state of N13 via the 1- resonance of O14. Gamow shell model (GSM) analysis of the experimental data suggests that the wave functions of the 5/2- and 3/2- resonances may be collectivized by the continuum coupling to nearby 2p- and 1p-decay channels. The observed excitation function H1(O14,p)O14 and resonance spectrum in F15 are well reproduced in the unified framework of the GSM.
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| 4. |
- Brodkorb, A., et al.
(författare)
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INFOGEST static in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal food digestion
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Protocols. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1754-2189 .- 1750-2799. ; 14:4, s. 991-1014
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing a mechanistic understanding of the impact of food structure and composition on human health has increasingly involved simulating digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract. These simulations have used a wide range of different conditions that often have very little physiological relevance, and this impedes the meaningful comparison of results. The standardized protocol presented here is based on an international consensus developed by the COST INFOGEST network. The method is designed to be used with standard laboratory equipment and requires limited experience to encourage a wide range of researchers to adopt it. It is a static digestion method that uses constant ratios of meal to digestive fluids and a constant pH for each step of digestion. This makes the method simple to use but not suitable for simulating digestion kinetics. Using this method, food samples are subjected to sequential oral, gastric and intestinal digestion while parameters such as electrolytes, enzymes, bile, dilution, pH and time of digestion are based on available physiological data. This amended and improved digestion method (INFOGEST 2.0) avoids challenges associated with the original method, such as the inclusion of the oral phase and the use of gastric lipase. The method can be used to assess the endpoints resulting from digestion of foods by analyzing the digestion products (e.g., peptides/amino acids, fatty acids, simple sugars) and evaluating the release of micronutrients from the food matrix. The whole protocol can be completed in ~7 d, including ~5 d required for the determination of enzyme activities.
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| 7. |
- House, J, et al.
(författare)
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Climate and air quality
- 2006
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Ingår i: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005 - Current State and Trends. Findings of the Condition and Trends Working Group (Ecosystems and Human Well-being). ; 1, s. 350-390
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Hu, M., et al.
(författare)
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Exploration of signals of positive selection derived from genotype-based human genome scans using re-sequencing data
- 2012
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Ingår i: Human Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-6717 .- 1432-1203. ; 131:5, s. 665-674
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated whether regions of the genome showing signs of positive selection in scans based on haplotype structure also show evidence of positive selection when sequence-based tests are applied, whether the target of selection can be localized more precisely, and whether such extra evidence can lead to increased biological insights. We used two tools: simulations under neutrality or selection, and experimental investigation of two regions identified by the HapMap2 project as putatively selected in human populations. Simulations suggested that neutral and selected regions should be readily distinguished and that it should be possible to localize the selected variant to within 40 kb at least half of the time. Re-sequencing of two ∼300 kb regions (chr4:158Mb and chr10:22Mb) lacking known targets of selection in HapMap CHB individuals provided strong evidence for positive selection within each and suggested the micro-RNA gene hsa-miR-548c as the best candidate target in one region, and changes in regulation of the sperm protein gene SPAG6 in the other.
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| 12. |
- Kong, Choon Yen, et al.
(författare)
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Single-pulse Conduction Limited Laser Welding Using A Diffractive Optical Element
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physics Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1875-3892. ; 83, s. 1217-1222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conduction limited laser welding is commonly used in electronic and battery applications, where a high width-to-depth ratio weld is desirable. A laser beam with Gaussian or top-hat distributions is often used to produce conduction limited spot welds. Both these energy distributions result in a higher proportion of the laser beam energy being introduced towards the centre of the welded spot and consequently, a reduced penetration weld towards the circumference of the beam spot. The use of diffractive optical elements to tailor the energy distribution of the laser beam has been evaluated. An incident laser beam with an energy distribution in the shape of a ring or C-shape was projected onto the material, which results in heat propagating towards the centre, producing a shallow weld with a consistent depth of penetration across the entire overlapped joint. The results confirmed a corresponding thermal model which predicted an even distribution of heat at the joint interface.
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| 13. |
- Parts, Leopold, et al.
(författare)
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Extent, causes, and consequences of small RNA expression variation in human adipose tissue.
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 8:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Small RNAs are functional molecules that modulate mRNA transcripts and have been implicated in the aetiology of several common diseases. However, little is known about the extent of their variability within the human population. Here, we characterise the extent, causes, and effects of naturally occurring variation in expression and sequence of small RNAs from adipose tissue in relation to genotype, gene expression, and metabolic traits in the MuTHER reference cohort. We profiled the expression of 15 to 30 base pair RNA molecules in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 131 individuals using high-throughput sequencing, and quantified levels of 591 microRNAs and small nucleolar RNAs. We identified three genetic variants and three RNA editing events. Highly expressed small RNAs are more conserved within mammals than average, as are those with highly variable expression. We identified 14 genetic loci significantly associated with nearby small RNA expression levels, seven of which also regulate an mRNA transcript level in the same region. In addition, these loci are enriched for variants significant in genome-wide association studies for body mass index. Contrary to expectation, we found no evidence for negative correlation between expression level of a microRNA and its target mRNAs. Trunk fat mass, body mass index, and fasting insulin were associated with more than twenty small RNA expression levels each, while fasting glucose had no significant associations. This study highlights the similar genetic complexity and shared genetic control of small RNA and mRNA transcripts, and gives a quantitative picture of small RNA expression variation in the human population.
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| 14. |
- Vynnycky, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Fast computation of the Lorentz force induced by longitudinal electromagnetic stirring
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0377-0427 .- 1879-1778. ; 416
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, we revisit a recent transient three-dimensional (3D) model for longitudinal electromagnetic stirring in the continuous casting of rectangular steel blooms. Whereas the earlier work was able to demonstrate accurate approximations to the solutions in two asymptotic limits, both of which gave economical alternatives to time-consuming 3D computations, here we show that the original governing equations can be manipulated to a form that allows for rapid computation even outside of these asymptotic limits. The resulting formulation requires the numerical solution of two steady-state complex Helmholtz-like equations in two dimensions that are coupled via a non-standard internal interface condition that is reminiscent of that occurring in the study of Marangoni convection; these equations are then solved numerically using the finite-element software Comsol Multiphysics. With this formulation, it is possible to compute the time-averaged Lorentz force components in a way that requires around four orders of magnitude less computational time than the fully 3D approach.
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| 15. |
- Vynnycky, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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THE VANADIUM REDOX FLOW BATTERY : AN ASYMPTOTIC PERSPECTIVE
- 2019
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Ingår i: SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics. - : SIAM PUBLICATIONS. - 0036-1399 .- 1095-712X. ; 79:4, s. 1147-1172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Asymptotic methods are used to analyze a time-dependent two-dimensional (2D) model for the operation of a vanadium redox flow battery-an energy storage technology that has attracted much attention recently. The model takes into account mass, momentum, and charge conservation involving a total of seven ionic species in two porous electrodes that are separated by a proton exchange membrane and attached to external recirculating tanks. In particular, we demonstrate a self-consistent asymptotic reduction of the original model. From this, we identify the presence of concentration boundary layers in each porous electrode at its interface with the membrane, and are able to explain the linear evolution in time of the inlet concentrations of the reacting ionic species-an assumption used in earlier models but never justified. The results of the asymptotic model, which ultimately requires only the numerical solution of four coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations, are found to compare favorably with those of the original 2D transient problem, which involves 11 coupled nonlinear partial differential equations and two algebraic relations. The solution of the fully reduced asymptotic model is found to require around 300 times less computational time than that of the original model.
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