| 1. |
- Westergren, Albert, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Malnutrition prevalence and precision in nutritional care differed in relation to hospital volume : a cross-sectional survey
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : BioMed Central. - 1475-2891 .- 1475-2891. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To explore the point prevalence of the risk of malnutrition and the targeting of nutritional interventions in relation to undernutrition risk and hospital volume. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey performed in nine hospitals including 2 170 (82.8%) patients that agreed to participate. The hospitals were divided into large, middle, and small sized hospitals. Undernutrition risk and overweight (including obesity) were assessed. RESULTS: The point prevalence of moderate/high undernutrition risk was 34%, 26% and 22% in large, middle and small sized hospitals respectively. The corresponding figures for overweight were 38%, 43% and 42%. The targeting of nutritional interventions in relation to moderate/high undernutrition risk was, depending on hospital size, that 7-17% got Protein- and Energy Enriched food (PE-food), 43-54% got oral supplements, 8-22% got artificial nutrition, and 14-20% received eating assistance. Eating assistance was provided to a greater extent and artificial feeding to a lesser extent in small compared to in middle and large sized hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of malnutrition risk and the precision in provision of nutritional care differed significantly depending on hospital volume, i.e. case mix. It can be recommended that greater efforts should be taken to increase the use of PE-food and oral supplements for patients with eating problems in order to prevent or treat undernutrition. A great effort needs to be taken in order to also decrease the occurrence of overweight.
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| 8. |
- Ulander, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Eating and nutrition
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 12. |
- Westergren, Albert, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Långvarig och akut smärta : hos patienter och boende: en studie genomförd av studenter på sjuksköterskeprogrammet
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med studien var att kartlägga smärta och smärtbehandling hos patienter på sjukhus och hos boende i särskilt och ordinärt boende. Metod: Datainsamlingen utfördes av sjuksköterskestudenter under verksamhetsförlagd utbildning på sjukhus och i särskilt/ordinärt boende våren 2009. Även kliniska adjunkter/kliniska lärare var behjälpliga vid datainsamlingen. Studenterna fick genom datainsamlingen träning i att ge information till personal och patienter/boende, sammanställa resultatet från enheten, samt att återrapportera och reflektera över resultaten. Studien genomfördes ej som en totalundersökning, m.a.o. det är ett urval av respondenter som kommit att ingå i resultatet. Resultat: Totalt genomfördes 419 stycken smärtbedömningar. Av respondenterna uppgav 35% att de hade långvarig smärta och 14% att de hade akut smärta. Personer med långvarig smärta var äldre (76 år respektive 69 år), oftare kvinnor (67% respektive 53%) och bodde i störst utsträckning i särskilt/ordinärt boende (37% respektive 17%) än de med akut smärta. Respondenterna med akut smärta angav oftare att personalen frågade om de hade ont (84% respektive73%) medan personerna med långvarig smärta i större utsträckning angav att de i det längsta försökte låta bli att visa att de hade ont (akut smärta: 43%, respektive långvarig smärta 59%). De vanligaste strategierna vid akut smärta var att be om något för smärtan (84%), lägga sig och vila (78%), eller att försöka tänka på något annat (64%). De vanligaste strategierna vid långvarig smärta var att lägga sig och vila (83%), be om något för smärtan (73%) eller att försöka tänka på något annat (70%). Av de studenter som utvärderade sin medverkan (n=51) upplevde 74% att de fick bättre vetenskaplig förståelse 51% ett ökat intresse för smärtbedömning och 55% ökade kunskaper om ämnet smärta. Konklusion: Långvarig smärta var vanligast förekommande hos kvinnor och bland äldre personer. Strategierna för hur personer gör personalen uppmärksam på att man har värk/smärta och för hur man hanterar sin smärta skiljer sig åt beroende på om man har akut eller långvarig smärta. Att delta i datainsamling och andra forskningsaktiviteter har en positiv effekt för sjuksköterskestudenters förståelse av forskning och även för deras intresse för området som studeras.
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| 13. |
- Westergren, Albert, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Malnutrition prevalence and precision in nutritional care : an intervention study in one teaching hospital in Iceland
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 19:13-14, s. 1830-1837
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. The aim of this study was to explore the point prevalence of malnutrition and the targeting of nutritional interventions in relation to undernutrition risk before and after an intervention. Background. Malnutrition risk and the precision in targeting nutritional treatment are indicators of quality of care. Knowledge regarding the in-hospital prevalence of malnutrition and nutritional treatment is meagre for Iceland. Design. Pre- and postintervention study. Methods. The study was performed during one day in 2006 (March) and one day in 2007 (April). In total, 95 (89%) and 92 (88%) patients agreed to participate. Moderate/high undernutrition risk was defined as the occurrence of at least two of the following: involuntary weight loss, body mass index below limit and eating difficulties according to Minimal Eating Observation Form - Version II. Being overweight was graded based on body mass index. Specific nutritional care actions were recorded. Intervention: A five-point programme for nutrition and eating was implemented. Results. Moderate/high risk for undernutrition was found in 25 and 17% in the two years (ns, not significant). A high body mass index was found in 53 and 54% (ns). The number of patients with a documented body mass index significantly increased between the two surveys (1 and 30%, p-value < 0 center dot 0005). The use of oral supplements increased from 11-40% (p < 0 center dot 0005) and especially among those at no/low undernutrition risk, with ingestion or deglutition difficulties (p < 0 center dot 0005 in both cases) but not among those with appetite and energy problems (ns). Conclusion. Implementing a nutritional programme does not necessarily affect the number of in-patients with malnutrition, but it is likely to increase the precision of nutritional care to some extent. Relevance to clinical practice. Greater efforts need to be taken to increase the precision of nutritional care among patients at moderate/high undernutrition risk and among those with appetite and energy problems.
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| 14. |
- Westergren, Albert, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Study circles improve the precision in nutritional care in special accommodations
- 2009
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Ingår i: Food and Nutrition Research. - 1654-6628. ; 53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Disease-related malnutrition is a major health problem in the elderly population, but it has until recently received very little attention, especially are management issues under-explored. By identifying residents at the risk of undernutrition, appropriate nutritional care can be provided.Objectives: Do study circles and policy documents improve the precision in nutritional care and decrease the prevalence of low or high BMI?Design: Pre and post intervention study.Setting: Special accommodations (nursing homes) within six municipalities were involved.Participants: In 2005, 1726 (90.4%) out of 1910 residents agreed to participate and in 2007, 1526 (81.8%) out of 1866 residents participated.Intervention: Study circles in one municipality, having a policy document in one municipality and no intervention in four municipalities.Measurements: Risk of undernutrition was defined as involving any of: involuntary weight loss, low BMI, and/or eating difficulties. Overweight was defined as high BMI.Results: In 2005 and 2007, 64% of 1726 and 66% of 1526 residents respectively were at the risk of undernutrition. In 2007 significantly more patients in the study circle municipality were accurately provided protein and energy enriched food compared to in the no intervention municipalities. There was a decrease in the prevalence of low BMI in the study circle municipality and the prevalence of overweight increased in the policy document municipality between 2005 and 2007.
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| 15. |
- Alsterlund, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia Coli
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 44:1, s. 51-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2009 we described an outbreak caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in southern Sweden that occurred during 2005–2006. An important finding from the investigation was the long carriage times of the ESBL-producing E. coli in several of the patients, which in some cases exceeded 30 months. Here we report findings from the continued follow-up of bacterial carriage. In September 2010, 5 of the 42 patients still carried the bacteria after a median of 58 months (range 41–59 months), 18 had had repeatedly negative cultures after shedding bacteria for a median of 7.5 months (range 0–39 months), 16 had died while still shedding the bacteria for a median of 9 months (range 0–38 months), and 3 had been lost to follow-up.
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| 16. |
- Axelsson, Carolina, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Optimization of several parameters in order to reduce time in antibiotic susceptibility testing in a clinical laboratory
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background - When sepsis or bacteraemia is suspected, patient blood samples are cultivated in blood culture bottles and then further incubated for identification of the organism and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. These methods are slow, identifying causative pathogens in a couple of hours, and antibiotic susceptibility results within 18-36 hours.Here we present optimization of several parameters in order to evaluate if the MBT ASTRA™ method can be a rapid tool, used for routine antibiotics susceptibility testing, in a clinical laboratory.Methods – MALDI-TOF MS measurements were performed with a Microflex LT/SH bench-top mass spectrometer (Bruker) with standard settings. The resulting spectra were uploaded in the MBT-ASTRA™ software, which normalizes the peaks and determines the AUC and RG values for each setup.Results - The bacterial preparation steps generated a new protocol, which reduced time with 30-60 minutes.The antibiotics susceptibility test was optimized for 90 minutes incubation time. 200 µl McFarland 0.5 bacterial suspension in broth were incubated in broth at 37°C, with and without 32 µg/ml Cefotaxime, 16 µg/ml Meropenem and 4 µg/ml Ciprofloxacin.The suspensions were transferred to 0.45 µm pore size filter membraned 96 well plate. They were centrifuged; washed; fixated and eluted; put on a MALDI-target, and covered by matrix solution. All could be automated with robot, which reduced time with 60 minutes.Conclusion – Rapid susceptibility testing becomes more requested with the increase of resistance bacteria causing infections. Our study can be a valuable tool for clinical laboratories striving for reduction in time handling of antibiotic susceptibility testing.
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| 17. |
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Bioblitz i Arkelstorp 16-17 augusti 2019
- 2020
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Arkelstorpsviken är den nordvästra delen av Oppmannasjön, som ären av Skånes största sjöar. Idén att genomföra en så kallad Bioblitzvid Arkelstorpsviken föddes under ett styrelsemöte i projektet "En viki Sjöriket Skåne" som är ett samarbete mellan Oppmanna Vånga Bygderåd och Högskolan Kristianstad. Projektets främsta syfte är att hitta en lösning på den kraftiga övergödningen i Arkelstorpsviken. Detta är ett ”Leader”-finansierat projekt, vilket innebär att stommen i projektetär lokal förankring. Det fanns röster i byn som kände att man gav området onödigt dåligt rykte genom att ständigt lyfta fram problemen med vattenstatusen i sjön. Under ett styrelsemöte 30 sep 2018 föddes iden att genom en Bioblitz lyfta fram de positiva värdena i och kring sjön. Den naturliga samarbetspartnern för detta projekt var forskningsmiljön MABH (Man & Biosphere Health) vid Högskolan Kristianstad,vars medlemmar tillsammans besitter en mycket bred biologisk kunskap.Med MABH i ryggen var alltså kompetensen säkrad för att genomföra en Bioblitz. Inbjudningar skickades ut till lokala naturorganisationerför att hitta ännu fler experter som kunde hjälpa till med särskilda artgrupper. Samtidigt jobbade man aktivt lokalt med att försöka engagera intresserad allmänhet. Inbjudningar och direktreklam skickades ut till samtliga hushåll med postadress Arkelstorp. I ett försök att synas genom mediebruset anordnades en tävling, som gick ut på att gissa antalet arter (taxa) som hittades under Bioblitzen. Två lokala företag ställde upp och första priset för den vuxna individ som gissade närmstvar en 3-rätters måltid på Bäckaskogs Slott. De yngre tävlande kunde vinna en kanotutflykt med familjen på Ivögården.
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| 22. |
- Rehnstam-Holm, Ann-Sofi, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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ESBL resistance patterns among environmental and clinical bacterial isolates
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ObjectivesWe have studied the phenotypic and genetic pattern among Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria in the aquatic environment, and have compared the result with clinical samples from the same area.MethodsWater samples have been collected at three different sites in the Helge river, Kristianstad community, Sweden. The first station is located before the outlet from the municipal sewage plant, the second just after the outlet and the third close to the Baltic Sea. Cultured bacterial isolates from the water and clinical isolates were analysed for phenotypic expression of ESBL related genes using the MAST-test, and genetically by PCR analyses of a set of ESBL genes, i.e. blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, and blaOXA ResultsBoth clinical and environmental ESBL isolates were dominated by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Highest abundance of environmental ESBL isolates were obtained from the station close to the sewage outlet, the lowest close to the Baltic Sea. The gene cluster blaCTX-M was the most common among all isolates (65%), followed by blaTEM (30%). The blaOXA and blaSHV genes were more common in clinical isolates.ConclusionA majority of the ESBL bacteria were mediated by chromosomal genes, dominated by blaCTX-M. However, blaOXA .and blaSHV were more common in clinical isolates. Further genetic analyses will be performed on more isolates, and on total bacterial community DNA.
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| 23. |
- Rehnstam-Holm, Ann-Sofi, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Forskningsanknuten grundutbildning : utbildningsanknuten forskning?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Man and Biosphere Health. - Kristianstad : Högskolan Kristianstad. - 9789187973352 ; , s. 8-15
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Begreppet forskningsanknuten utbildning kan definieras på ett flertal sätt. Idealt ska studenterna inom sin utbildning stöta på forskning genom att få kännedom om aktuell forskning och vara praktiskt involverade i forskningsprojekt. För att detta ska uppnås bör majoriteten av lärarna vara forskningsaktiva inom för utbildningen relevanta områden och att ett vetenskapligt förhållningssätt till kunskap förmedlar på bästa pedagogiska sätt också detta förankrat i forskning. I den här artikeln ger vi exempel på hur studenter har involverats i våra forskningsprojekt både på högskolan, på universitetssjukhuset i Lund och vid internationella universitet och forskningsstationer.
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| 25. |
- Westergren, Albert, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Overweight and risk for undernutrition among persons within special accommodations and hospital care – Year 2005 and 2007
- 2008
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Ingår i: Clinical nutrition supplements, Volume 3, Supplement 1, 2008, page 160-161.. ; , s. 160-161
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: Both undernutrition and overweight have major impacts on morbidity and mortality and are thus important to prevent. This study explores the prevalence of undernutrition and overweight among persons in special accommodations (SAs) and hospital care in the year of 2005 and 2007. Methods: Six hospitals and all of the SAs within six municipalities were involved. In the year of 2005, 2600 (88%) out of 2945 persons agreed to participate in the study, and in 2007 there were 2255 (81%) out of 2784 persons participating. Risk for undernutrition was defined as the occurrence of at least two of the following; involuntary weight loss, Body Mass Index (BMI) below limit (<20 if /=70 yrs) and/or presence of eating difficulties. Overweight was defined based on BMI (if /=25: if >/=70 yrs: BMI >/=27)[1]. Nursing students, clinical tutors and staff collected the data. Results: The mean age and the risk for undernutrition increased significantly in SAs between the two years. The prevalence of overweight increased with three percent in hospitals as well as in SAs although this increase was not statistically significant. Table: Percent of persons at risk for undernutrition and with overweight SAs2005 (n=1726) SAs2007 (n=1526) P-value Hospitals2005 (n=874) Hospitals2007 (n=728) P-value Agemean (SD) 85 (8) 86 (8) <0.001 69 (18) 69 (16) 0.987 At risk forundernutrition 27 35 <0.001 27 28 0.947 Overweight 30 33 0.089 39 42 0.182 SAs = Special Accommodations Conclusion: The society in general and health care professionals in specific needs to consider not only prevention for persons at risk for undernutrition, but also the prevention for persons becoming overweight. Reference(s) Only 3 Lines maximum: 1. Westergren A, Lindholm C, Axelsson C & Ulander K. Prevalence of eating difficulties and malnutrition among persons within hospital care and special accommodations. The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging 2008, Vol 12, Number 1, Page 39-43.
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| 26. |
- Westergren, Albert, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of eating difficulties and malnutrition among persons within hospital care and special accommodations
- 2008
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Ingår i: The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging. - 1279-7707 .- 1760-4788. ; 12:1, s. 39-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of eating difficulties and malnutrition among persons in hospital care and in special accommodations. DESIGN: The cross-sectional observational study was performed in Nov. 2005. SETTING: Hospitals and special accommodations. PARTICIPANTS: Out of 2,945 persons, 2,600 (88%) agreed to participate (1,726 from special accommodations and 874 from hospitals). In total all special accommodations in six municipalities and six hospitals were involved. MEASUREMENTS: Risk of undernutrition was estimated as at least two of: body mass index below recommendation, weight loss and/or eating difficulties. Overweight was graded based on body mass index (if 69 years or younger: 25 or above: if 70 years or older: 27 or above). RESULTS: The mean age of those living in hospitals was 69 years and 53% were women, while the corresponding figures for those in special accommodations were 85 years and 69% women. In hospitals and special accommodations, eating difficulties were common (49% and 56% respectively) and about one quarter had a body mass index (BMI) below the limits (20% and 30% respectively) and one-third above the limit (39% and 30% respectively) thus only about 40% had a BMI within the limits. Both in hospitals and in special accommodations 27% were considered to have a moderate or high risk of undernutrition. CONCLUSION: Only about 40% in special accommodations and hospital care have a BMI within the recommended limits. As both low and high BMI are frequent in both settings, the focus of care should not only be on undernutrition but also on overweight. Using the Swedish criteria for defining risk of undernutrition seems to give a slightly lower prevalence than has been shown in previous Swedish studies, but this can be due to an underestimation of the occurrence of eating difficulties.
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| 27. |
- Westergren, Albert, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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"Study circles" improves nutritional care and body mass index
- 2008
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Ingår i: Clinical nutrition supplements, Volume 3, Supplement 1, 2008, page 61. ; , s. 61-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The staffs’ knowledge, experiences and motivation are likely to be important and so is an adaptation to each unit’s context to achieve positive changes in nutritional practice. How do study circles (SCs) and policy documents (PD) affect nutritional interventions for persons with moderate or high risk for undernutrition (UN-risk) in special accommodations (SAs)? All SAs within six municipalities were involved. UN-risk was defined as the occurrence of at least two of; involuntary weight loss, Body Mass Index below limit (<20 if /=70 yrs) and/or presence of eating difficulties. In year 2005 and 2007 it was 361 (27%) out of 1337 and 322 (35%) out of 920 persons respectively that were at UN-risk and included in this study. Interventions: In 18 of the departments 39 SCs were implemented, involving 8 staff each, in total 315 persons. Each group met for 3 occasions (3 hours each time) to discuss eating and nutrition based on a manual (www.vardalinstitutet.net/scn). The SCs did not focus on the above definition of UN-risk. In four other SAs a PD was politically anchored. No intervention was implemented in the other SAs. SCs and PD increased the precision in provided nutritional actions significantly for persons at UN-risk. The precision (percent) in the provision of nutritional actions. Intervention Year 2005 Year 2007 P-value No intervention n=229, 86 y n=202, 87 y E-food 10 11 .875 Food supplement 31 29 .751 Eating assistance 65 67 .611 Study circles n=92, 87 y n=82, 87 y E-food 16 32 .012 * Food supplement 24 39 .045 * Eating assistance 67 69 .870 Policy document n=40, 86 y n=38, 85 y E-food 5 24 .023 * Food supplement 52 53 .999 Eating assistance 72 68 .805 y = mean age in years, * = significant increase in provision (p<0.05), E-food = Energy Enriched Both study circles and policy documents improves the precision in the provision of correct nutritional actions for those at moderate or high risk for undernutrition. It is likely that a combination of study circles and policy documents can improve the precision of provision of nutritional actions even more.
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