| 1. |
- Anderson, Brandon, et al.
(författare)
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LOCALIZATION AND BROADBAND FOLLOW-UP OF THE GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE TRANSIENT GW 150914
- 2016
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - 2041-8205 .- 2041-8213. ; 826:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A gravitational-wave (GW) transient was identified in data recorded by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) detectors on 2015 September 14. The event, initially designated G184098 and later given the name GW150914, is described in detail elsewhere. By prior arrangement, preliminary estimates of the time, significance, and sky location of the event were shared with 63 teams of observers covering radio, optical, near-infrared, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths with ground- and space-based facilities. In this Letter we describe the low-latency analysis of the GW data and present the sky localization of the first observed compact binary merger. We summarize the follow-up observations reported by 25 teams via private Gamma-ray Coordinates Network circulars, giving an overview of the participating facilities, the GW sky localization coverage, the timeline, and depth of the observations. As this event turned out to be a binary black hole merger, there is little expectation of a detectable electromagnetic (EM) signature. Nevertheless, this first broadband campaign to search for a counterpart of an Advanced LIGO source represents a milestone and highlights the broad capabilities of the transient astronomy community and the observing strategies that have been developed to pursue neutron star binary merger events. Detailed investigations of the EM data and results of the EM follow-up campaign are being disseminated in papers by the individual teams.
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| 2. |
- Anderson, Brandon, et al.
(författare)
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SUPPLEMENT : LOCALIZATION AND BROADBAND FOLLOW-UP OF THE GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE TRANSIENT GW150914 (2016, ApJL, 826, L13)
- 2016
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 225:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This Supplement provides supporting material for Abbott et al. (2016a). We briefly summarize past electromagnetic (EM) follow-up efforts as well as the organization and policy of the current EM follow-up program. We compare the four probability sky maps produced for the gravitational-wave transient GW150914, and provide additional details of the EM follow-up observations that were performed in the different bands.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Axelsson Fisk, Sten, et al.
(författare)
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Social inequalities in the risk of giving birth to a small for gestational age child in Sweden 2010–16 : a cross-sectional study adopting an intersectional approach
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 34:1, s. 22-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Well-established associations exist between the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) and unidimensional sociodemographic factors. We investigated social inequalities in SGA risk and adopted an intersectional approach that simultaneously considers different social categories. By doing so, we could assess heterogeneities in SGA risk within unidimensional sociodemographic categories. Methods: We included all live 679 694 singleton births in Sweden between 2010 and 2016. The outcome was SGA, and the exposures were age, maternal educational level, dichotomous migration status and civil status. Thirty-six possible combinations of these factors constituted the exposure in an intersectional model. We present odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)—a measurement of discriminatory accuracy (i.e. the ability to discriminate the babies born SGA from those who are not). Results: Women with low education and women born outside Sweden had ORs of 1.46 (95% CI 1.38–1.54) and 1.50 (95% CI 1.43–1.56) in unidimensional analyses, respectively. Among women aged under 25 with low education who were born outside Sweden and unmarried, the highest OR was 3.06 (2.59–3.63). The discriminatory accuracy was low for both the unidimensional model that included all sociodemographic factors (AUC 0. 563) and the intersectional model (AUC 0.571). Conclusions: The intersectional approach revealed a complex sociodemographic pattern of SGA risk. Sociodemographic factors have a low accuracy in identifying SGA at the individual level, even when quantifying their multi-dimensional intersections. This cautions against interventions targeted to individuals belonging to socially defined groups to reduce social inequalities in SGA risk.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Axelsson, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Bus fire safety
- 2008
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Rapport (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Axelsson, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics of software ecosystems for Federated Embedded Systems : A case study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Information and Software Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0950-5849 .- 1873-6025. ; 56:11, s. 1457-1475
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context Traditionally, Embedded Systems (ES) are tightly linked to physical products, and closed both for communication to the surrounding world and to additions or modifications by third parties. New technical solutions are however emerging that allow addition of plug-in software, as well as external communication for both software installation and data exchange. These mechanisms in combination will allow for the construction of Federated Embedded Systems (FES). Expected benefits include the possibility of third-party actors developing add-on functionality; a shorter time to market for new functions; and the ability to upgrade existing products in the field. This will however require not only new technical solutions, but also a transformation of the software ecosystems for ES. Objective This paper aims at providing an initial characterization of the mechanisms that need to be present to make a FES ecosystem successful. This includes identification of the actors, the possible business models, the effects on product development processes, methods and tools, as well as on the product architecture. Method The research was carried out as an explorative case study based on interviews with 15 senior staff members at 9 companies related to ES that represent different roles in a future ecosystem for FES. The interview data was analyzed and the findings were mapped according to the Business Model Canvas (BMC). Results The findings from the study describe the main characteristics of a FES ecosystem, and identify the challenges for future research and practice. Conclusions The case study indicates that new actors exist in the FES ecosystem compared to a traditional supply chain, and that their roles and relations are redefined. The business models include new revenue streams and services, but also create the need for trade-offs between, e.g., openness and dependability in the architecture, as well as new ways of working. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Axelsson, Josefine, 1992-
(författare)
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Interglacial climates in proxies and models : Utilizing sampled oxygen isotopes and model simulations to understand past Indian summer monsoon variability
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The study of Earth's climate system, including the mechanisms driving monsoon systems, is a key area of research within environmental sciences. Monsoons, vital for billions of people, are complex atmospheric phenomena influenced by various global factors, including orbital changes and natural climate variability. Among monsoon systems, the Indian summer Monsoon (ISM) is of particular interest due to its significant impact on the South Asian climate, agriculture, and water resources. Despite extensive study, comprehending the ISM's historical variability and its future implications remains a challenge. Utilizing natural archives like speleothems, along with stable water isotopes from precipitation and advanced climate model simulations, this thesis aims to decipher the ISM's responses to natural forcings across key interglacial periods—the Last Interglacial and the Holocene.Our findings indicate that the ISM's strength is critically influenced by slight variations in orbital configurations, leading to significant shifts in monsoon patterns. Our research also highlights the dual influence of local geographical features and distant atmospheric conditions on the ISM's annual variability. Most notably, we observed discrepancies between δ18O values obtained from isotope-enabled climate models and those derived from speleothems. This insight indicates that the models need refinement to accurately mirror the complexities observed in the proxy records and that the uncertainty parameter in speleothem records needs to be improved.The alignment between proxy and model data is crucial for a more accurate reconstruction of past climates and for enhancing the predictive capabilities of future monsoon behavior under changing climatic conditions. By advancing our knowledge of the ISM's past, we are better equipped to anticipate its future. To achieve that, this thesis stresses the importance of bridging the gap between proxy data insights and climate model simulations. This would not only enrich our historical climate knowledge but also inform future climate projections, highlighting the indispensable role of interdisciplinary research in climate science challenges.
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| 16. |
- Axelsson, Jesper
(författare)
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Krossade rutor i brandlabbet
- 2006
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Ingår i: BrandPosten. ; :35, s. 8-
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 17. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Axelsson, Jesper
(författare)
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SP kartlägger bränder i bussar
- 2005
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Ingår i: Provning & Forskning. ; :1, s. 8-
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Axelsson, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Use of CFD models for development of test methods
- 2001
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Ingår i: Interflam 2001. International Interflam Conference. 9th proceedings. Vol. 1. September 17-19.. - : Interscience communications Ltd.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Axelsson, Malin, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Motivational foci and asthma medication tactics directed towards a functional day
- 2011
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - London : BioMed Central. - 1471-2458. ; 11, s. 809-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:There appears to be an obvious gap between a medical and patient adherence perspective.Deviating from a medication prescription could be regarded as fairly irrational, but with respect to patients' goals and/or concerns it could be seen as understandable. Thus, the aim was to elucidate adherence reasoning in relation to asthma medication.Methods:This was a qualitative study; data collection and analysis procedures were conducted according to Grounded Theory methodology. Eighteen persons, aged 22 with asthma and regular asthma medication treatment, were interviewed.Results:The emerged theoretical model illustrated that adherence to asthma medication was motivated by three foci, all directed towards a desired outcome in terms of a functional day as desired by the patient. Apromotive focus was associated with the ambition to achieve a positive asthma outcome by being adherent either to the received prescription or to a self-adjusted dosage. A preventive focuswas intended to ensure avoidance of a negative asthma outcome either by sticking to the prescription or by preventively overusing the medication. A permissive focus was associated with unstructured adherence behaviour in which medication intake was primarily triggered by asthma symptoms.Conclusions:As all participants had consciously adopted functioning medication tactics that directed themtowards the desired goal of a functional day. In an effort to bridge the gap between a patient- and a medical adherence perspective, patients need support in defining their desired functionality and guidance in developing a person-based medication tactic.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Axelsson, Malin, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Personality, adherence, asthma control and health-related quality of life in young adult asthmatics
- 2009
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 103:7, s. 1033-1040
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundStriving for improved adherence and asthma control is of vital concern in today's asthma management. Several influential factors have been identified, but the importance of personality traits has been insufficiently explored. The aim was first to determine whether personality traits in young adult asthmatics are related to asthma control and health-related quality of life (HRQL), and second to examine the influences of personality traits on adherence to regular asthma medication treatment.MethodsYoung adult asthmatics, 22 years of age (n = 268) completed questionnaires. Statistical analyses were performed.ResultsThe personality traits Negative Affectivity and Impulsivity correlated negatively with asthma control, whereas in women Hedonic Capacity correlated positively with asthma control. Negative Affectivity, Impulsivity, Hedonic Capacity, Alexithymia and asthma control predicted the mental dimension of HRQL. Asthma control and physical activity predicted the physical dimension of HRQL. Among respondents with regular asthma medication (n = 109), Impulsivity correlated negatively with adherence. In men, Antagonism and Alexithymia were associated with low adherence. Additionally, Alexithymia, Hedonic Capacity and Negative Affectivity showed non-linear relationships with adherence, meaning that initially increased scores on these personality traits scales were associated with increased adherence but higher scores did not increase adherence. Respondents who were prescribed a single inhaler combining ICS and LABA reported higher adherence than those with monotherapies.ConclusionThese data suggest that personality can influence how asthma patients adhere to asthma medication treatment, and report their control and HRQL. Tools determining personality traits may be useful in the future in individualizing management of asthma patients.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Axelsson, Malin, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Self-efficacy and adherence as mediating factors between personality traits and health-related quality of life.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-2649 .- 0962-9343. ; 22:3, s. 567-575
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Personality traits are rather stable dispositions in adulthood, while self-efficacy and adherence may be modified through targeted interventions. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) serves as a vital outcome measure. The present aim was to explore the function of self-efficacy and adherence as mediators for the influencing effect of personality traits on HRQL in people with chronic disease. METHODS: An epidemiological sample of 786 persons completed questionnaires on personality, general self-efficacy, adherence behaviour and HRQL. Data were statistically analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation analyses and path models. RESULTS: Self-efficacy mediated the effect of Extraversion and Conscientiousness on mental HRQL. Neuroticism had a direct effect on both physical and mental HRQL. Adherence partially mediated the effect of both Agreeableness and Conscientiousness on mental HRQL. CONCLUSIONS: The mental HRQL in people scoring low on Extraversion or low on Conscientiousness could be improved by strengthening general self-efficacy. Increasing adherence in people scoring low on Agreeableness or Conscientiousness could improve their mental HRQL, but the improvement was small and may be of lesser clinical relevance. These results argue for personalized interventions intended to positively affect health outcomes in people with chronic disease.
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| 36. |
- Axelsson, Malin, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of personality traits on reported adherence to medication in individuals with chronic disease : An Epidemiological study in West Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Limited research exists exploring the influence of personality on adherence behaviour. Since non-adherence is a major obstacle in treating prevalent chronic diseases the aim was to determine whether personality traits are related to reported adherence to medication in individuals with chronic disease. Methodology/Principal Findings: Individuals with chronic disease (n = 749) were identified in a random population sample of 5000 inhabitants aged 30-70 in two municipalities in West Sweden. Data on five personality traits, Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to experiences, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and medication adherence behaviour was collected by questionnaires. Statistical analyses resulted in a negative relationship between Neuroticism and medication adherence (P<0.001), while both Agreeableness (P<0.001) and Conscientiousness (P<0.001) were positively related to adherence. At high levels of Conscientiousness, low adherence was related to higher scores in Neuroticism. At high levels of Agreeableness, low adherence was related to low scores in Conscientiousness and high scores in Openness to experiences. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that multiple personality traits are of significant importance for adherence behaviour in individuals with chronic disease. The findings suggest that several personality traits may interact in influencing adherence behaviour. Personality traits could putatively be used to focus efforts to educate and support patients with high risk of low medical adherence. © 2011 Axelsson et al.
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| 37. |
- Bergstedt, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Förändringar i Eklandskapet 1927 till 2013: i den första riksskogstaxeringens fotspår
- 2017
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Ingår i: Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. - 0039-646X. ; 111:6, s. 331-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transects covering 90 km inan area south of Linköping in the province of Östergötland, SE Sweden, were relocated and reinventoried in 2013 using the same methodology as in the first national forest inventory of 1927. Data for land-use, forest type and species-specific tree sizes were obtained and compared with values from 1927. The results show that arable fields and pastures have decreased, while forests and areas covered by roads etc. have increased considerably. Picea abies has increased more than Pinus sylvestris. The reasons for the changes are discussed.
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| 38. |
- Bühler, Janica C., et al.
(författare)
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Investigating stable oxygen and carbon isotopic variability in speleothem records over the last millennium using multiple isotope-enabled climate models
- 2022
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Ingår i: Climate of the Past. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1814-9324 .- 1814-9332. ; 18:7, s. 1625-1654
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incorporation of water isotopologues into the hydrology of general circulation models (GCMs) facilitates the comparison between modeled and measured proxy data in paleoclimate archives. However, the variability and drivers of measured and modeled water isotopologues, as well as the diversity of their representation in different models, are not well constrained. Improving our understanding of this variability in past and present climates will help to better constrain future climate change projections and decrease their range of uncertainty. Speleothems are a precisely datable terrestrial paleoclimate archives and provide well-preserved (semi-)continuous multivariate isotope time series in the lower latitudes and mid-latitudes and are therefore well suited to assess climate and isotope variability on decadal and longer timescales. However, the relationships of speleothem oxygen and carbon isotopes to climate variables are influenced by site-specific parameters, and their comparison to GCMs is not always straightforward.Here we compare speleothem oxygen and carbon isotopic signatures from the Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and Analysis database version 2 (SISALv2) to the output of five different water-isotope-enabled GCMs (ECHAM5-wiso, GISS-E2-R, iCESM, iHadCM3, and isoGSM) over the last millennium (850–1850 CE). We systematically evaluate differences and commonalities between the standardized model simulation outputs. The goal is to distinguish climatic drivers of variability for modeled isotopes and compare them to those of measured isotopes.We find strong regional differences in the oxygen isotope signatures between models that can partly be attributed to differences in modeled surface temperature. At low latitudes, precipitation amount is the dominant driver for stable water isotope variability; however, at cave locations the agreement between modeled temperature variability is higher than for precipitation variability. While modeled isotopic signatures at cave locations exhibited extreme events coinciding with changes in volcanic and solar forcing, such fingerprints are not apparent in the speleothem isotopes. This may be attributed to the lower temporal resolution of speleothem records compared to the events that are to be detected. Using spectral analysis, we can show that all models underestimate decadal and longer variability compared to speleothems (albeit to varying extents).We found that no model excels in all analyzed comparisons, although some perform better than the others in either mean or variability. Therefore, we advise a multi-model approach whenever comparing proxy data to modeled data. Considering karst and cave internal processes, e.g., through isotope-enabled karst models, may alter the variability in speleothem isotopes and play an important role in determining the most appropriate model. By exploring new ways of analyzing the relationship between the oxygen and carbon isotopes, their variability, and co-variability across timescales, we provide methods that may serve as a baseline for future studies with different models using, e.g., different isotopes, different climate archives, or different time periods.
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| 39. |
- Caporuscio, Mauro, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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IoT-enabled Physical Telerehabilitation Platform
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proccedings of the International Workshop on Engineering IoT Systems. - : IEEE. - 9781509047932 ; , s. 112-119
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical telerehabilitation services over the Internet allow physiotherapists to engage in remote consultation with patients at their homes, improving the quality of care and reducing costs. Traditional visual approaches, such as webcams and videophones, are limited in terms of precision of assessment and support for assistance with exercises. In this paper, we present a Physical Telerehabilitation System (PTS) that enhances video interaction with IoT technology to monitor the position of the body of patients in space and provide smart data to physiotherapists and users. We give an overview of the architecture of the PTS and evaluate (i) its usability based on a number of interviews and focus groups with stakeholders, and (ii) its technical efficiency based on a series of measurements. From this evaluation, we derive a number of challenges for further improvement of the PTS and outline a possible solution based on a microservices architecture.
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| 40. |
- Haeger-Eugensson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Spridning av föroreningar till luft från bränder
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta projekt är en del av en större studie med övergripande syftet att ta fram en metod för beräkning av emissioner från bränder samt användande av dessa till spridningsberäkningar både till luft och vatten. Resultat från luftemissionsdelen har använts som indata till de beräkningar genomförda i detta delprojekt vars syfte varit att testa hur dispersion och haltnivåer kan skilja sig beroende på val av modell, definiera styrande brand- och meteorologiska parametrarna, för deposition och halt i luft och att utveckla och testa en metod för generaliserade spridningsberäknigar för bränder genom statistiskt bearbetade resultat från ett års beräkningar för olika meteorologiska klasser. Det har hittills varit svårt att spridningsberäkna bränder med avancerade spridningsmodeller eftersom nödvändiga indata inte funnits. Fokus har istället legat på att återge brandförloppet bra medan meteorologi, och därmed dispersionen, varit förenklad. Vi har inte funnit utred-ningar som visar om enklare modeller eller generaliseringar av befintliga brandmodeller utgör ett tillräckligt bra underlag för snabb bedömning av miljö- och hälsoeffekter från bränder. Beräkningarna i detta projekt är genomförda med TAPM-modellen under olika årstider som medel- och maximala dygnsvärden samt av dygnsdeposition av PM10 för respektive plymriktning. Medelvärdena används för bedömning av miljöpåverkan och maximala dygnshalter för mer akuta hälsoeffekter för att utforma och förebyggande åtgärder, både akut och långsiktigt (t.ex. stadsplanering). Förhållandet mellan max- och medelhalter varierar beroende på säsong och spridningsförutsättningar, med maxhalten ca 50 ggr högre och med stor variation. Haltnivåerna i centrum- respektive kransplymerna är båda ca 200 µg/m3 även om emissionen är ca 5 ggr högre i cen-trumplymen jämfört med de sammanlagda emissionerna från kransplymerna. Skälet är att den högre centrumplymen sprids mer effektivt till följd av den dubbelt så höga vindhastigheten på hög nivå. Validering av beräknade haltnivåer och plymlyft har visat att med brandindata från en brandmodell har spridningen av PM10 återgets väl med TAPM -modellen. Beräkningarna är även tänkta att vara bas för utveckling av en modell anpassad för användande under fältmässiga förhållanden för att snabbt få fram beslutsunderlag för åtgärder vid olyckor (som evakuering) och därmed förebygga och minimera skador på t.ex. miljön och människors hälsa.
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| 41. |
- Hameleers, M., et al.
(författare)
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Start Spreading the News: A Comparative Experiment on the Effects of Populist Communication on Political Engagement in Sixteen European Countries
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Press-Politics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1940-1612 .- 1940-1620. ; 23:4, s. 517-538
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although populist communication has become pervasive throughout Europe, many important questions on its political consequences remain unanswered. First, previous research has neglected the differential effects of populist communication on the Left and Right. Second, internationally comparative studies are missing. Finally, previous research mostly studied attitudinal outcomes, neglecting behavioral effects. To address these key issues, this paper draws on a unique, extensive, and comparative experiment in sixteen European countries (N = 15,412) to test the effects of populist communication on political engagement. The findings show that anti-elitist populism has the strongest mobilizing effects, and anti-immigrant messages have the strongest demobilizing effects. Moreover, national conditions such as the level of unemployment and the electoral success of the populist Left and Right condition the impact of populist communication. These findings provide important insights into the persuasiveness of populist messages spread throughout the European continent.
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| 42. |
- Hertzberg, Tommy, et al.
(författare)
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Brandsäkerhet till sjöss
- 2005
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Ingår i: BrandPosten. ; :33, s. 4-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Hertzberg, Tommy, et al.
(författare)
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Fire safety at sea
- 2006
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Ingår i: BrandPosten. ; :33, s. 4-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 46. |
- Hertzberg, Tommy, et al.
(författare)
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Fire tests for ro‑pax composites
- 2008
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Ingår i: The Naval Architect. ; :4, s. 32-35:38, s. 22-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 47. |
- Hjohlman, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Design fire for a train compartment
- 2009
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fire dynamics of a train compartment was investigated in detail. A full scale test was performed which showed that the compartment reached flashover three minutes after ignition. Small scale tests were performed on the wall and floor linings and on seat and table materials. The results from these tests were used as input to a CFD-model implemented in FDS5 (Fire Dynamics Simulator, v5). It was possible to obtain a good correlation between the FDS5 model and the full scale experiment. However, in order to obtain this correlation it was necessary to deviate significantly from the small scale experimental results regarding the thermal conductivity of the seat material. Further, the FDS5 model was highly sensitive to grid size. Despite these drawbacks it was concluded that FDS5 can be used to determine design fires for the tested compartment and for geometries and material selections which do not differ drastically from the tested configuration. A much simpler way to obtain a design fire is to use so called t2 pre-flashover fires. Using this approach it was found that the growth rate of the compartment fire was between fast and ultra fast, with characteristic time scales of 150 s and 75 s, respectively. Finally it was concluded that the main part of the heat release originated from the seats and that a reasonable good design fire can be found by studying the fire dynamics of individual seats only.
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| 48. |
- Holgersson, Jesper, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring User Participation Practice in Public E-Service Development : Why, How and in Whose Interest?
- 2018
-
Ingår i: The Electronic Journal of e-Government. - : Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited. - 1479-439X. ; 16:1, s. 72-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- User participation is seen as an important enabler for successful public e-service development. However, at the same time development of public e-services is still often characterised by an internal government perspective with little consideration for external users’ perspectives. This paper challenges the overly positive attitude that is surrounding user participation in e-government research. The paper aims to illustrate and problematize various aspects that influence why, how, and in whose interest user participation is conducted in public e-service development. First, via a literature review, we identify a set of dimensions for critically exploring how, why, and in whose interest user participation is conducted in public e-service development projects. Second, we use these dimensions in order to characterise and analyse three empirical public e-service development cases in order to test the utility, usefulness, and feasibility of the identified dimensions. Our findings highlight the importance of questioning and elaborating on the motives behind user participation (the why) in public e-service development. We also identify two basic forms of how user participation is addressed in public e-service development projects: 1) veneered participation, and 2) ad-hoc participation. Furthermore, we argue that any decisions made regarding user participation in public e-service development should be based on conscious and informed choices concerning why user participation is needed and what it may bring for different stakeholders and their interests.
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| 49. |
- Holgersson, Jesper, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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External User Inclusion in Public e-Service Development : Exploring the Current Practice in Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Electronic government. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319646763 - 9783319646770 ; , s. 60-70
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- For the last decade e-government research has underlined the importance of an external user perspective in public e-service development and there have been numerous attempts to provide guidance and directions for government agencies in this matter. Individual research studies show little progress in this matter, but a more generalisable picture of the current state of external user inclusion is missing. The aim of this paper is to provide a better and more generalisable understanding of Swedish government agencies’ current practice of external user inclusion in public e-service development. In order to do so, we have interviewed Swedish government agencies regarding their perceptions on external user inclusion. Our findings show mixed results regarding attitudes towards and current practice of external user inclusion. It is clear that organisational size and previous experience of public e-service development matter. At the same time challenges such as a general lack of resurces and a lack of time are seen as general barriers, regardless of agency level and size.
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