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| 3. |
- Glasbey, JC, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 9. |
- Feigin, Valery L., et al.
(författare)
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Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- 2021
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - : Elsevier. - 1474-4422 .- 1474-4465. ; 20:10, s. 795-820
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Regularly updated data on stroke and its pathological types, including data on their incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability, risk factors, and epidemiological trends, are important for evidence-based stroke care planning and resource allocation. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) aims to provide a standardised and comprehensive measurement of these metrics at global, regional, and national levels. Methods We applied GBD 2019 analytical tools to calculate stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and the population attributable fraction (PAF) of DALYs (with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) associated with 19 risk factors, for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. These estimates were provided for ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, and all strokes combined, and stratified by sex, age group, and World Bank country income level. Findings In 2019, there were 12.2 million (95% UI 11.0-13.6) incident cases of stroke, 101 million (93.2-111) prevalent cases of stroke, 143 million (133-153) DALYs due to stroke, and 6.55 million (6.00-7.02) deaths from stroke. Globally, stroke remained the second-leading cause of death (11.6% [10.8-12.2] of total deaths) and the third-leading cause of death and disability combined (5.7% [5.1-6.2] of total DALYs) in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the absolute number of incident strokes increased by 70.0% (67.0-73.0), prevalent strokes increased by 85.0% (83.0-88.0), deaths from stroke increased by 43.0% (31.0-55.0), and DALYs due to stroke increased by 32.0% (22.0-42.0). During the same period, age-standardised rates of stroke incidence decreased by 17.0% (15.0-18.0), mortality decreased by 36.0% (31.0-42.0), prevalence decreased by 6.0% (5.0-7.0), and DALYs decreased by 36.0% (31.0-42.0). However, among people younger than 70 years, prevalence rates increased by 22.0% (21.0-24.0) and incidence rates increased by 15.0% (12.0-18.0). In 2019, the age-standardised stroke-related mortality rate was 3.6 (3.5-3.8) times higher in the World Bank low-income group than in the World Bank high-income group, and the age-standardised stroke-related DALY rate was 3.7 (3.5-3.9) times higher in the low-income group than the high-income group. Ischaemic stroke constituted 62.4% of all incident strokes in 2019 (7.63 million [6.57-8.96]), while intracerebral haemorrhage constituted 27.9% (3.41 million [2.97-3.91]) and subarachnoid haemorrhage constituted 9.7% (1.18 million [1.01-1.39]). In 2019, the five leading risk factors for stroke were high systolic blood pressure (contributing to 79.6 million [67.7-90.8] DALYs or 55.5% [48.2-62.0] of total stroke DALYs), high body-mass index (34.9 million [22.3-48.6] DALYs or 24.3% [15.7-33.2]), high fasting plasma glucose (28.9 million [19.8-41.5] DALYs or 20.2% [13.8-29.1]), ambient particulate matter pollution (28.7 million [23.4-33.4] DALYs or 20.1% [16.6-23.0]), and smoking (25.3 million [22.6-28.2] DALYs or 17.6% [16.4-19.0]). Interpretation The annual number of strokes and deaths due to stroke increased substantially from 1990 to 2019, despite substantial reductions in age-standardised rates, particularly among people older than 70 years. The highest age-standardised stroke-related mortality and DALY rates were in the World Bank low-income group. The fastest-growing risk factor for stroke between 1990 and 2019 was high body-mass index. Without urgent implementation of effective primary prevention strategies, the stroke burden will probably continue to grow across the world, particularly in low-income countries.
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| 10. |
- Naito, R., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of social isolation on mortality and morbidity in 20 high-income, middle-income and low-income countries in five continents
- 2021
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Ingår i: Bmj Global Health. - : BMJ. - 2059-7908. ; 6:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To examine the association between social isolation and mortality and incident diseases in middle-aged adults in urban and rural communities from high-income, middle-income and low-income countries. Design Population-based prospective observational study. Setting Urban and rural communities in 20 high income, middle income and low income. Participants 119 894 community-dwelling middle-aged adults. Main outcome measures Associations of social isolation with mortality, cardiovascular death, non-cardiovascular death and incident diseases. Results Social isolation was more common in middle-income and high-income countries compared with low-income countries, in urban areas than rural areas, in older individuals and among women, those with less education and the unemployed. It was more frequent among smokers and those with a poorer diet. Social isolation was associated with greater risk of mortality (HR of 1.26, 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.36), incident stroke (HR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.40), cardiovascular disease (HR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.25) and pneumonia (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.37), but not cancer. The associations between social isolation and mortality were observed in populations in high-income, middle-income and low-income countries (HR (95% CI): 1.69 (1.32 to 2.17), 1.27 (1.15 to 1.40) and 1.47 (1.25 to 1.73), respectively, interaction p=0.02). The HR associated with social isolation was greater in men than women and in younger than older individuals. Mediation analyses for the association between social isolation and mortality showed that unhealthy behaviours and comorbidities may account for about one-fifth of the association. Conclusion Social isolation is associated with increased risk of mortality in countries at different economic levels. The increasing share of older people in populations in many countries argues for targeted strategies to mitigate its adverse effects.
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| 11. |
- Farinotti, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Results from the Ice Thickness Models Intercomparison eXperiment Phase 2 (ITMIX2)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Earth Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-6463. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowing the ice thickness distribution of a glacier is of fundamental importance for a number of applications, ranging from the planning of glaciological fieldwork to the assessments of future sea-level change. Across spatial scales, however, this knowledge is limited by the paucity and discrete character of available thickness observations. To obtain a spatially coherent distribution of the glacier ice thickness, interpolation or numerical models have to be used. Whilst the first phase of the Ice Thickness Models Intercomparison eXperiment (ITMIX) focused on approaches that estimate such spatial information from characteristics of the glacier surface alone, ITMIX2 sought insights for the capability of the models to extract information from a limited number of thickness observations. The analyses were designed around 23 test cases comprising both real-world and synthetic glaciers, with each test case comprising a set of 16 different experiments mimicking possible scenarios of data availability. A total of 13 models participated in the experiments. The results show that the inter-model variability in the calculated local thickness is high, and that for unmeasured locations, deviations of 16% of the mean glacier thickness are typical (median estimate, three-quarters of the deviations within 37% of the mean glacier thickness). This notwithstanding, limited sets of ice thickness observations are shown to be effective in constraining the mean glacier thickness, demonstrating the value of even partial surveys. Whilst the results are only weakly affected by the spatial distribution of the observations, surveys that preferentially sample the lowest glacier elevations are found to cause a systematic underestimation of the thickness in several models. Conversely, a preferential sampling of the thickest glacier parts proves effective in reducing the deviations. The response to the availability of ice thickness observations is characteristic to each approach and varies across models. On average across models, the deviation between modeled and observed thickness increase by 8.5% of the mean ice thickness every time the distance to the closest observation increases by a factor of 10. No single best model emerges from the analyses, confirming the added value of using model ensembles.
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| 12. |
- Hao, D., et al.
(författare)
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Solar energy harvesting technologies for PV self-powered applications : A comprehensive review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Renewable energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0960-1481 .- 1879-0682. ; 188, s. 678-697
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many key aspects of society, such as transport, housing and health care, have been significantly improved by the advent of a range of electricity applications, and the power generation for electricity applications has been a major field of research. Photovoltaic (PV) self-powered technologies are promising technologies for addressing applications' power supply challenges and alleviating conventional electricity load and environmental pollution. This study reviews solar energy harvesting (SEH) technologies for PV self-powered applications. First, the PV power generation and scenarios of PV self-powered applications are analyzed. Second, analysis of system design for PV self-powered applications is presented. Third, key components for PV self-powered applications, including maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques and power management (PM) systems are discussed in detail. Furthermore, numerous PV self-powered applications and utilizations of energy harvesting are summarized. Finally, some recommendations are proposed for further research.
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| 13. |
- Habib, A., et al.
(författare)
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Chipless slot resonators for IoT system identification
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781467399852 ; , s. 341-344
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper chipless RFID tag with integrated sensor for IoT application is presented. The tag is capable of transmitting information of 9-bit data. The tag structure is analyzed for both FR4 and Kapton HN substrates having different dielectric constants. It has been observed that with the change in dielectric permittivity, there will be shift in resonances. The tag can be used for monitoring and sensing moisture. The tag comprises of 9 ring resonators. The overall radius of designed chipless tag is 7mm. The compact chipless RFID tag is optimized for radio frequency ranges from 5.1-11.4 GHz using FR4 substrate and from 5.8-12.5 GHz using Kapton HN substrate. The novelty of this design relies on flexible nature of tag. The presented tag is very cheap and can be deployed for various low cost sensing applications.
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| 14. |
- Habib, A., et al.
(författare)
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Frequency signatured directly printable humidity sensing tag using organic electronics
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEICE Electronics Express. - : Institute of Electronics Information Communication Engineers. - 1349-2543. ; 14:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper chipless RFID tag, capable of carrying 9-bit data is presented. The tag is optimized for several flexible substrates. With growing information and communication technology, sensor integration with data transmission has gained significant attention. Therefore, the tag with the same dimension is then optimized using paper substrate. For different values of permittivity, the relative humidity is observed. Hence, besides carrying information bits, the tag is capable of monitoring and sensing the humidity. The overall dimension of the tag comprising of 9 ring slot resonators is 7 mm. Due to its optimization on the paper substrate, the tag can be an ideal choice for deploying in various low-cost sensing applications.
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| 15. |
- Latif, A., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Leading Language Parsers - ANTLR, JavaCC, SableCC, Tree-sitter, Yacc, Bison
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings - International Conference on Software Technology and Engineering, ICSTE. - : IEEE. - 9798350371475 ; , s. 7-13
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software engineering applications in domains like embedded systems and health care have increased exponentially during the last few years. Developing, analyzing, and customization of languages is one of the core software engineering aspects. This usually involves lexical, syntactical, and semantic operations, technically termed parsing. For this, several parsers have been introduced in state-of-the-art. However, due to diverse features, selecting a parser for a particular operation during software engineering applications is always problematic. In this article, we identified six leading parsers (i.e., ANTLR, JavaCC, SableCC, Tree-sitter, Yacc, and Bison) from the state-of-the-art. Furthermore, we also identified significant parser features to perform meaningful comparative analysis. Results indicate that ANTLR and JavaCC provide enhanced parsing features, such as the parsing algorithm and the extended grammar notation. However, JavaCC is suitable for simple grammar definition, whereas ANTLR allows specifying complex grammar with multiple alternative paths. The findings of this article are highly beneficial for researchers and practitioners while selecting the right parser to perform specific software engineering tasks.
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| 16. |
- Lossow, S., et al.
(författare)
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The SPARC water vapour assessment II: comparison of annual, semi-annual and quasi-biennial variations in stratospheric and lower mesospheric water vapour observed from satellites
- 2017
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1867-1381 .- 1867-8548. ; 10:3, s. 1111-1137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the framework of the second SPARC (Stratosphere-troposphere Processes And their Role in Climate) water vapour assessment (WAVAS-II), the amplitudes and phases of the annual, semi-annual and quasi-biennial variation in stratospheric and lower mesospheric water were compared using 30 data sets from 13 different satellite instruments. These comparisons aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the typical uncertainties in the observational database which can be considered in subsequent observational and modelling studies. For the amplitudes, a good agreement of their latitude and altitude distribution was found. Quantitatively there were differences in particular at high latitudes, close to the tropopause and in the lower mesosphere. In these regions, the standard deviation over all data sets typically exceeded 0.2 ppmv for the annual variation and 0.1 ppmv for the semi-annual and quasi-biennial variation. For the phase, larger differences between the data sets were found in the lower mesosphere. Generally the smallest phase uncertainties can be observed in regions where the amplitude of the variability is large. The standard deviations of the phases for all data sets were typically smaller than a month for the annual and semi-annual variation and smaller than 5 months for the quasi-biennial variation. The amplitude and phase differences among the data sets are caused by a combination of factors. In general, differences in the temporal variation of systematic errors and in the observational sampling play a dominant role. In addition, differences in the vertical resolution of the data, the considered time periods and influences of clouds, aerosols as well as non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) effects cause differences between the individual data sets. .1 Symposia of COSPAR Scientific Commission A, held during the Thirty-first COSPAR Scientific Assembly
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| 17. |
- Lossow, Stefan, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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The SPARC water vapour assessment II: Profile-to-profile comparisons of stratospheric and lower mesospheric water vapour data sets obtained from satellites
- 2019
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1867-1381 .- 1867-8548. ; 12:5, s. 2693-2732
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Within the framework of the second SPARC (Stratosphere-troposphere Processes And their Role in Climate) water vapour assessment (WAVAS-II), profile-to-profile comparisons of stratospheric and lower mesospheric water vapour were performed by considering 33 data sets derived from satellite observations of 15 different instruments. These comparisons aimed to provide a picture of the typical biases and drifts in the observational database and to identify data-set-specific problems. The observational database typically exhibits the largest biases below 70 hPa, both in absolute and relative terms. The smallest biases are often found between 50 and 5 hPa. Typically, they range from 0.25 to 0.5 ppmv (5 % to 10 %) in this altitude region, based on the 50 % percentile over the different comparison results. Higher up, the biases increase with altitude overall but this general behaviour is accompanied by considerable variations. Characteristic values vary between 0.3 and 1 ppmv (4 % to 20 %). Obvious data-set-specific bias issues are found for a number of data sets. In our work we performed a drift analysis for data sets overlapping for a period of at least 36 months. This assessment shows a wide range of drifts among the different data sets that are statistically significant at the 2 σ uncertainty level. In general, the smallest drifts are found in the altitude range between about 30 and 10 hPa. Histograms considering results from all altitudes indicate the largest occurrence for drifts between 0.05 and 0.3 ppmv decade-1. Comparisons of our drift estimates to those derived from comparisons of zonal mean time series only exhibit statistically significant differences in slightly more than 3 % of the comparisons. Hence, drift estimates from profile-to-profile and zonal mean time series comparisons are largely interchangeable. As for the biases, a number of data sets exhibit prominent drift issues. In our analyses we found that the large number of MIPAS data sets included in the assessment affects our general results as well as the bias summaries we provide for the individual data sets. This is because these data sets exhibit a relative similarity with respect to the remaining data sets, despite the fact that they are based on different measurement modes and different processors implementing different retrieval choices. Because of that, we have by default considered an aggregation of the comparison results obtained from MIPAS data sets. Results without this aggregation are provided on multiple occasions to characterise the effects due to the numerous MIPAS data sets. Among other effects, they cause a reduction of the typical biases in the observational database.
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| 18. |
- Naqvi, S. I., et al.
(författare)
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A planar flexible quad-band antenna for WLAN/WiMAX/LTE applications
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 2nd International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies, iCoMET 2019. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781538695098
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work a quad-band, planar, low-profile and compact antenna envisioned for incorporation into portable wireless devices is presented. The antenna is modeled on flexible Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate of 0.127mm thickness. The proposed antenna structure consists of symmetrically placed F-shaped slits and a curved rectangular shaped ground plane with a CPW feed line. The four bands obtained for the radiator operates at the resonant frequencies 2.8, 3.9, 5.45 and 6.2 GHz with impedance bandwidths of 14%, 14.5%, 5.7%, and 5% respectively. Thus the proposed antenna supports WLAN, LTE, WiMAX, and C-band applications. The peak gain achieved for the antenna is 3.4 dB.
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| 19. |
- Naqvi, Syeda, I, et al.
(författare)
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An Integrated Antenna System for 4G and Millimeter-Wave 5G Future Handheld Devices
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 2169-3536. ; 7, s. 116555-116566
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, an integrated antenna system with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) is presented for Fourth Generation (4G) and millimeter (mm)-wave Fifth Generation (5G) wireless applications and handheld devices. The proposed design with overall dimensions of 110 mm x 75 mm is modeled on 0.508 mm thick Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate. Radiating structure consists of antenna arrays excited by the T-shape 1 x 2 power divider/combiner. Dual bands for 4G centered at 3.8 GHz and 5.5 GHz are attained, whereas the 10-dB impedance bandwidth of 24.4 - 29.3 GHz is achieved for the 5G antenna array. In addition, a peak gain of 5.41 dBi is demonstrated across the operating bandwidth of the 4G antenna array. Similarly, for the 5G mm-wave configuration the attained peak gain is 10.29 dBi. Moreover, significant isolation is obtained between the two antenna modules ensuring efficient dual-frequency band operation using a single integrated solution. To endorse the concept, antenna prototype is fabricated and far-field measurements are procured. Simulated and measured results exhibit coherence. Also the proposed design is investigated for the beam steering capability of the mm-wave 5G antenna array using CST(R)MWS(R). The demonstrated structure offers various advantages including compactness, wide bandwidth, high gain, and planar configuration. Hence, the attained radiation characteristics prove the suitability of the proposed design for the current and future wireless handheld devices.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Anwar, Muhammad Waseem, et al.
(författare)
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A Model-Driven Framework for Design and Analysis of Vehicle Suspension Systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: <em>Communications in Computer and Information Science</em>. - Cham : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. - 9783031163012 ; , s. 197-208
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The design and implementation of vehicle suspension systems is complex and time-consuming process that usually leads to production delays. Although different Model Driven Engineering (MDE) technologies like EAST-ADL/AUTOSAR are frequently applied to expedite vehicle development process, a framework particularly dealing with design and analysis of vehicle suspension is hard to find in literature. This rises the need of a framework that not only supports the analysis of suspension system at higher abstraction level but also complements the existing standards like EAST-ADL. In this article, a Model driven framework for Vehicle Suspension System (MVSS) is proposed. Particularly, a meta-model containing major vehicle suspension aspects is introduced. Subsequently, a modeling editor is developed using Eclipse Sirius platform. This allows the modeling of both simple as well as complex vehicle suspension systems with simplicity. Moreover, Object Constraint Language (OCL) is utilized to perform early system analysis in modeling phase. Furthermore, the target MATLAB-Simulink models are generated from source models, using model-to-text transformations, to perform advanced system analysis. The application of proposed framework is demonstrated through real life Audi A6L Hydraulic active suspension use case. The initial results indicate that proposed framework is highly effective for the design and analysis of vehicle suspension systems. In addition to this, the analysis results could be propagated to EAST-ADL toolchains to support full vehicle development workflow.
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| 23. |
- Aslam, Bilal, et al.
(författare)
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A high capacity tunable retransmission type frequency coded chipless radio frequency identification system
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. - : WILEY. - 1096-4290 .- 1099-047X. ; 29:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a 12-bit frequency coded chipless RFID system in the frequency range of 3 to 6 GHz. The system consists of a fully printable chipless tag and a pair of high-gain reader antennas. The tag also incorporates its own antennas to improve the read range. Information is encoded into frequency spectrum using a multi-resonant circuit. The circuit consists of multiple microstrip U and L-shaped open stub resonators patterned in a unique configuration. The proposed configuration aids in capturing more data in a reduced space as well as tunable frequency operation. Tag and reader antennas utilize techniques such as stepped impedance feeding line, defective partial ground plane, and stair-step patch structure to achieve wide-band impedance bandwidth in miniature size. The results of the wireless measurements in the non-anechoic environment show that the proposed system has a reading range of more than 20 cm. The presented system possesses great potential for low-cost short-range inventory tracking.
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| 24. |
- Aslam, B., et al.
(författare)
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Miniaturized decoupled slotted patch RFID tag antennas for wearable health care
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1096-4290 .- 1099-047X. ; 27:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, a couple of two-layered RFID tag antenna designs exhibiting improved performance descriptors for on-body applications are presented. The antennas are designed to operate in the microwave band (2.4–2.48 GHz) ensuring high data transmission rates ideal for real-time subject monitoring applications. The radiating element of both the antennas is a slotted patch structure provisioned with a pair of T-shaped slots realized on a commercial FR4 substrate. The augmentation of a systematic sequence of narrow comb-like etchings into the design enhances the impedance bandwidth considerably. A high permittivity silicon layer embedded with the radiating patch provides resilience from the human body dielectric losses. A modified antenna design utilizing patch miniaturization technique, resulting in an overall footprint reduction by 32%, is also proposed. The designed tag antennas offer a gain of more than 1.8 dBi and an attractive read range greater than 6.8 m in the operating band.
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| 25. |
- Azam, Asad Muhammad, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of degradation in UHMWPE a comparative study among the various commercial and laboratory grades UHMWPE
- 2016
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Ingår i: 14TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ADVANCED MATERIALS (ISAM 2015). - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxidative degradation of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene ( UHMWPE) limits the life of implants. This degradation can be monitored to estimate the service life of UHMWPE following the standard protocols as defined by American Standards for Testing Materials ( ASTM). In this work, a comparative study has been carried on two commercially available UHMWPE grades i. e. GUR 1020 and GUR 1050 and one laboratory grade UHMWPE which was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. These powder samples were pressed while using hot press with controlled heating and cooling setup in open air under 200 bar of external pressure. These sheets were then subjected to accelerated aging in an oven at 80 degrees C for three weeks. The degradation of the UHMWPE was monitored by ATR-FTIR techniquefor three weeks. The oxidation index ( OI) measurement showed that the commercial grade UHMWPE i. e. GUR-1020 and GUR-1050 degrade more as compared to laboratory grade UHMWPE. The values of OI after three weeks of accelerating aging were found 0.18, 0.14, and 0.09 for GUR-1020, GUR-1050, and Sigma Aldrich, respectively. In addition to this, it was found that commercial grades of UHMWPE suffer more structural alterations as compared to laboratory grade one. We hope that these results will be of particular and fundamental importance for the researchers and orthopaedic industry.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Dimov, Aleksandar, et al.
(författare)
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Mutation testing framework for software reliability model analysis and reliability estimation
- 2010
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Ingår i: Central and Eastern European Software Engineering Conference (CEE-SECR). - 9781457706066 ; , s. 163-169
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- After several years of research, even today estimation of software reliability is extremely challenging. The undeterministic nature of the factors that contribute to the reliability estimation has led to the development of numerous statistical models for this purpose. One of the important factors that contribute to software reliability is testing. The aim of this paper is to use mutation testing for estimating the „true” reliability of a system and provide a framework for estimation of uncertainty bounds associated with testing and a measure for factors such as test coverage, time between failures and code coverage that contribute to the estimation of reliability and use mutation testing as a tool to create a software failure dataset. The approach is experimented with an open source search tool.
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| 31. |
- Endrődi, Balázs, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of poly(3-hexylthiophene)/single-walled carbon nanotube array hybrid materials
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry. - : Springer. - 1432-8488 .- 1433-0768. ; 20:11, s. 3179-3187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we demonstrate that by directly employing single-walled carbon nanotube arrays (SWCNT-arrays)-grown on conductive substrates-as working electrodes, selective and uniform electrodeposition of a conducting polymer, namely poly(3-hexylthiophene), can be achieved on the surface of the nanotubes. The overall kinetic pattern of the electrodeposition was studied by separating the deposition charge from the one related to the redox transformation of the polymer film deposited during the precedent cycles. Both the structure and the electrochemical properties of the hybrid materials were studied as a function of the electrodeposition cycles, thus the amount of the formed polymer. The hybrids were characterized by electron microscopic (SEM, TEM) and vibrational spectroscopic (Raman spectroscopy) means. The obtained results were compared and contrasted with those gathered on macroscopic-sized multi-walled carbon nanotube array-based composites in our group recently. Overall, we conclude that electrochemical polymerization is an attractive tool to synthesize conducting polymer/SWCNT hybrid materials with controlled composition and morphology.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Fazel-Najafabadi, Azam, et al.
(författare)
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High-Performance Flow Classification of Big Data Using Hybrid CPU-GPU Clusters of Cloud Environments
- 2024
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Ingår i: Tsinghua Science and Technology. - : Tsinghua University Press. - 1007-0214 .- 1878-7606. ; 29:4, s. 1118-1137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The network switches in the data plane of Software Defined Networking (SDN) are empowered by an elementary process, in which enormous number of packets which resemble big volumes of data are classified into specific flows by matching them against a set of dynamic rules. This basic process accelerates the processing of data, so that instead of processing singular packets repeatedly, corresponding actions are performed on corresponding flows of packets. In this paper, first, we address limitations on a typical packet classification algorithm like Tuple Space Search (TSS). Then, we present a set of different scenarios to parallelize it on different parallel processing platforms, including Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), clusters of Central Processing Units (CPUs), and hybrid clusters. Experimental results show that the hybrid cluster provides the best platform for parallelizing packet classification algorithms, which promises the average throughput rate of 4.2 Million packets per second (Mpps). That is, the hybrid cluster produced by the integration of Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA), Message Passing Interface (MPI), and OpenMP programming model could classify 0.24 million packets per second more than the GPU cluster scheme. Such a packet classifier satisfies the required processing speed in the programmable network systems that would be used to communicate big medical data.
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| 34. |
- Fuhrman, J.A., et al.
(författare)
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Diel variations in bacterioplankton, phytoplankton, and related parameters in the Southern California Bight.
- 1985
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 27, s. 9-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The principal objectives of this study were (i) to determine the extent of coupling betweenphytoplankton and microheterotrophs on the shelf off Southern California. (ii) to compare differentmeasures of primary and bacterial secondary production, and (iii) to assess whether sampling timesshould be as strictly controlled for microheterotroph as for autotroph studies. Two diel cycles (May andOctober) were studied by sampling an isotherm as the ship followed paired submerged drogues. Wefound significant die1 changes of chlorophyll, 14C bicarbonate incorporation, bacterial abundance andthymidine incorporation, frequency of dividing bacterial cells (FDC), abundance of non-pigmentedflagellates, particulate organic carbon and nitrogen and their ratios, and dissolved oxygen. Theseparameters all had higher values dunng daylight hours than at night, showing close coupling betweenthe phytoplankton (light-forced) and the microheterotrophs. The ratio of in vivo to extractedchlorophyll a fluorescence, however, displayed a maximum at midnight and minimum at midday,suggesting an endogenous rhythm. Primary production measured by the 14C method was similar to netproduction inferred from in situ oxygen changes. Short-lived peaks in FDC values suggested partlysynchronized bacterial division.
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| 35. |
- Hagström, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Microbial loop in an oligotrophic pelagic marine ecosystem: Possible roles of cyanobacteria and nanoflagellates in the organic fluxes
- 1988
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 49, s. 171-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an attempt to quantify the organic fluxes within the microbial loop of oligotrophicMediterranean water, organic pools and production rates were monitored. The production of cyanobacteriaand its dynamics dominated the overall productivity in the system. The largest standing stock wasthat of the bacterioplankton and its growth consumed 8.3 pg C 1-' d-', hence about 60 % of the primaryproduction was required for bacterial growth. Using the MiniCap technique, we measured a predationon bacteria of 2 6 X 104 bacteria ml-' h-'. This was in good agreement with the bacterial production rateof 2.3 X 104 cells rnl-' h-' Thus, growth and predation were balanced for heterotrophic bacterioplankton.Almost all of this predation on bacteria was due to organisms passing a 12 vm Nuclepore filter. Thisraises the question of what mechanisms channel 60 % of primary production into bacteria. We thereforeoutlined a mass-balance model to illustrate routes that could explain this transfer. According to ourmodel the main flux route is cyanobacteria and concomitantly consumed heterotrophic bacteria carboninto bacterivores. A substantial fraction of the bacterivore and the microplankton carbon is released byexcretion and/or cell lysis, to be used by the heterotrophic bacterioplankton. About 86% of theautotrophic production is balanced by respiration due to heterotrophic bacteria and protozoa, leaving6 % of the primary production to higher trophic levels. This scenario should apply to ecosystems wherebacterial production rate is high and comparable to primary production, and the dominant primaryproducers are cyanobacteria. A significant fraction of the photosynthetically fixed carbon will bemineralized within a simple microbial loop, thus rendering it an energy sink in the foodweb.
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| 36. |
- Khan, U. H., et al.
(författare)
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A novel asterisk-shaped circularly polarized RFID tag for on-metal applications
- 2016
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Ingår i: Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal. - : Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES). - 1054-4887. ; 31:9, s. 1035-1042
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An asterisk-shaped, metal-mountable RFID tag with a minuscule footprint is presented. The proposed design makes use of multiple asymmetric slots patterned in a cross-shaped fashion to achieve circular polarization. The structure is excited capacitively using a terminally-grounded, T-shaped feed line positioned within the slots. This peculiar arrangement permits the attainment of circular polarized radiation characteristics over a wide band of operation. Impedance matching, antenna size reduction and read range enhancement are the additional advantages offered by the embedded feed line. The final design is realized on a commercially available FR-4 substrate over dimensions of 40 x 40 mm2 yielding an impedance bandwidth and an axial ratio bandwidth of 37 MHz and 20 MHz, respectively. Improvement in antenna gain (and consequently in the read range) is reported upon mounting the tag on metallic surfaces.
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| 37. |
- Kiefer, M., et al.
(författare)
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The SPARC water vapour assessment II: biases and drifts of water vapour satellite data records with respect to frost point hygrometer records
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. - 1867-1381 .- 1867-8548. ; 16:19, s. 4589-4642
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Satellite data records of stratospheric water vapour have been compared to balloon-borne frost point hygrometer (FP) profiles that are coincident in space and time. The satellite data records of 15 different instruments cover water vapour data available from January 2000 through December 2016. The hygrometer data are from 27 stations all over the world in the same period. For the comparison, real or constructed averaging kernels have been applied to the hygrometer profiles to adjust them to the measurement characteristics of the satellite instruments. For bias evaluation, we have compared satellite profiles averaged over the available temporal coverage to the means of coincident FP profiles for individual stations. For drift determinations, we analysed time series of relative differences between spatiotemporally coincident satellite and hygrometer profiles at individual stations. In a synopsis we have also calculated the mean biases and drifts (and their respective uncertainties) for each satellite record over all applicable hygrometer stations in three altitude ranges (10-30 hPa, 30-100 hPa, and 100 hPa to tropopause). Most of the satellite data have biases <10 % and average drifts <1 % yr-1 in at least one of the respective altitude ranges. Virtually all biases are significant in the sense that their uncertainty range in terms of twice the standard error of the mean does not include zero. Statistically significant drifts (95 % confidence) are detected for 35 % of the ≈ 1200 time series of relative differences between satellites and hygrometers.
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| 38. |
- Mackay, Donna S, et al.
(författare)
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Screening of a Large Cohort of Leber Congenital Amaurosis and Retinitis Pigmentosa Patients Identifies Novel LCA5 Mutations and New Genotype-Phenotype Correlations
- 2013
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Ingår i: Human Mutation. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1059-7794 .- 1098-1004. ; 34:11, s. 1537-1546
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of sequence variants in LCA5 in patients with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), early-onset retinal dystrophy (EORD), and autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (arRP); to delineate the ocular phenotypes; and to provide an overview of all published LCA5 variants in an online database. Patients underwent standard ophthalmic evaluations after providing informed consent. In selected patients, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus autofluorescence imaging were possible. DNA samples from 797 unrelated patients with LCA and 211 with the various types of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) were screened by Sanger sequence analysis of all LCA5 exons and intron/exon junctions. Some LCA patients were prescreened by APEX technology or selected based on homozygosity mapping. In silico analyses were performed to assess the pathogenicity of the variants. Segregation analysis was performed where possible. Published and novel LCA5 variants were collected, amended for their correct nomenclature, and listed in a Leiden Open Variation Database (LOVD). Sequence analysis identified 18 new probands with 19 different LCA5 variants. Seventeen of the 19 LCA5 variants were novel. Except for two missense variants and one splice site variant, all variants were protein-truncating mutations. Most patients expressed a severe phenotype, typical of LCA. However, some LCA subjects had better vision and intact inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junctions on OCT imaging. In two families with LCA5 variants, the phenotype was more compatible with EORD with affected individuals displaying preserved islands of retinal pigment epithelium. One of the families with a milder phenotype harbored a homozygous splice site mutation; a second family was found to have a combination of a stop mutation and a missense mutation. This is the largest LCA5 study to date. We sequenced 1,008 patients (797 with LCA, 211 with arRP) and identified 18 probands with LCA5 mutations. Mutations in LCA5 are a rare cause of childhood retinal dystrophy accounting for ∼2% of disease in this cohort, and the majority of LCA5 mutations are likely null. The LCA5 protein truncating mutations are predominantly associated with LCA. However, in two families with the milder EORD, the LCA5 gene analysis revealed a homozygous splice site mutation in one and a stop mutation in combination with a missense mutation in a second family, suggesting that this milder phenotype is due to residual function of lebercilin and expanding the currently known phenotypic spectrum to include the milder early onset RP. Some patients have remaining foveal cone structures (intact IS/OS junctions on OCT imaging) and remaining visual acuities, which may bode well for upcoming treatment trials.
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| 39. |
- Naqvi, S. I., et al.
(författare)
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Beam-steerable antenna array with metasurface at millimeter wave frequency range
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 22nd International Multitopic Conference, INMIC 2019. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728140001
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work demonstrates a beam-steering antenna operating at 28 GHz, thus supporting millimeter wave (mm-wave) 5G applications. The proposed antenna configuration is composed of a bi-layered structure. The bottom layer consists of antenna elements with 2×2 Butler matrix (BM) based feed network used to excite the antennas as well as to steer the beam at different angles by introducing the phase difference between the two antenna elements. The bottom layer is modeled on Rogers RT5880 substrate with 0.254 mm thickness. The top layer is composed of metasurface consisting of a 4 × 4 square-ring element array designed on the Rogers RT5880 substrate with 0.508 mm thickness. The use of the metasurface in this work is to further enhance the scan angle of the proposed antenna. The presented antenna system acquires an operating bandwidth of 3.4 GHz ranging from 26.7-30.1 GHz. In addition, gain of 11.8 dBi and 7.8 dBi is demonstrated at 28 GHz for the butler matrix antenna without and with metasurface, respectively. The 2D radiation patterns exhibit beam steered at angles of ± 35° at the desired frequency. The analysis of the obtained results affirm the proposed beam steerable antenna array as a suitable contender for mm-wave 5G devices.
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| 40. |
- Naqvi, S. I., et al.
(författare)
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Tri-band antenna array with defected ground structure for mm-wave 5G applications
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE 4th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems, ICCCS 2019. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ; , s. 590-593
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents a tri-band planar antenna array envisioned for assimilation into future 5G mm-wave wireless communication applications. The proposed assembly comprises of four antenna elements excited by a 1×4 T-junction power divider/Combiner and Defected Ground Structure (DGS). The antenna array presented in this work is modeled on Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with an overall size of 14 × 60 × 0.787 mm3. The frequency bands covered by the antenna system are centered at 29, 37.37 and 41 GHz with 10 dB bandwidths of 1.25, 1.3 and 2.14 GHz respectively. The peak gain attained by the antenna array is 11.8 dB. The proposed design with compact, simple and low profile assembly along with good radiation characteristics ascertains to be appropriate for mobile terminals and handheld wireless devices.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Safdar, A., et al.
(författare)
-
MoDLF-A Model-Driven Deep Learning Framework for Autonomous Vehicle Perception (AVP)
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings - 25th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS 2022. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. - 9781450394666 ; , s. 187-198
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern vehicles are extremely complex embedded systems that integrate software and hardware from a large set of contributors. Modeling standards like EAST-ADL have shown promising results to reduce complexity and expedite system development. However, such standards are unable to cope with the growing demands of the automotive industry. A typical example of this phenomenon is autonomous vehicle perception (AVP) where deep learning architectures (DLA) are required for computer vision (CV) tasks like real-time object recognition and detection. However, existing modeling standards in the automotive industry are unable to manage such CV tasks at a higher abstraction level. Consequently, system development is currently accomplished through modeling approaches like EAST-ADL while DLA-based CV features for AVP are implemented in isolation at a lower abstraction level. This significantly compromises productivity due to integration challenges. In this article, we introduce MoDLF-A Model-Driven Deep learning Framework to design deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) architectures for AVP tasks. Particularly, Model Driven Architecture (MDA) is leveraged to propose a metamodel along with a conformant graphical modeling workbench to model DCNNs for CV tasks in AVP at a higher abstraction level. Furthermore, Model-To-Text (M2T) transformations are provided to generate executable code for MATLAB® and Python. The framework is validated via two case studies on benchmark datasets for key AVP tasks. The results prove that MoDLF effectively enables model-driven architectural exploration of deep convnets for AVP system development while supporting integration with renowned existing standards like EAST-ADL.
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| 44. |
- SHELDON, RW, et al.
(författare)
-
NANOPLANKTON AND PICOPLANKTON GROWTH AND PRODUCTION IN THE BAY OF VILLEFRANCHE-SUR-MER (NW MEDITERRANEAN)
- 1992
-
Ingår i: Hydrobiologia. - 0018-8158 .- 1573-5117. ; 241:2, s. 91-106
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plankton production in the Bay of Villefranche was relatively constant during March and April 1986 but the particle size at which the production occurred was more variable. At the beginning of the study, production was dominated by the larger (ca. 6 mum) flagellates but towards the end it was more or less equally divided between the nano- and picoplankton. There were considerable differences in the estimates of population growth rates, depending on the methods used, but on average the population doubling times were close to 12 hours for autotrophs and 24 hours for heterotrophs. As autotrophs do not grow during the night, each population was therefore doubling once per day. It seemed that each of the nano- or picoplankton populations could adversely affect the growth of the others. This could be either by simple predation or by some form of inhibition. Although nutrient levels in the bay were uniformly low, the addition of nutrients did not always stimulate algal growth. The plankton populations seemed to be both in a state of equilibrium and intense ecological competition.
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| 45. |
- Uddin, Jia, et al.
(författare)
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Performance analysis of multicarrier code division multiple access over Rayleigh fading channel
- 2012
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials Research. - Shenyang, Liaoning : Trans Tech Publications. - 9783037853559 ; , s. 985-988
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, multi-carrier transmission schemes have been introduced into Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems to gain advantages for high data rate transmission as well as security. Due to pseudorandom code there is no chance to Inter Symbol Interference (ISI). There are different techniques to mitigate multipath fading. One of the method is to transmit identical narrowband direct-sequence (DS) waveforms in parallel over a number of sub-channels using frequency diversity. Implementation this multi-carrier modulation technique in CDMA system is known as multi-carrier CDMA (MC-CDMA). In Rayleigh fading channel, due to multi-carrier modulation, when one subcarrier goes deep fade another subcarrier may remain safe. Therefore it combats multi-path fading and signal can be received in low bit error rate.
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| 46. |
- Zahid, R., et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing End-to-End Communication Security in IoT Devices Through Application Layer Protocol
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Communications in Computer and Information Science. - Cham : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. - 9783031163012 ; , s. 148-159
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Internet of Things (IoT) has combined the hardware components with software elements by providing users with remote control and management facilities. From safety-critical systems to security devices and industrial appliances, every appliance makes use of IoTs. Whereas security issues such as SQL injections, Denial of Service/Distributed Denial of Service (DOS/DDOS) attacks, the forged transmission of messages, or man in the middle (MITM) are major security threats among smart devices. Any purging of data causes privacy issues while the subsequent assessments made using modified information are also erroneous. This security hole needs comprehensive non-cryptographic data-security techniques and frameworks which would help developers in creating secure systems on heterogeneous devices. Algorithms like blowfish and Data Encryption Standard (DES) do not have the uniquity which AES does, making them more vulnerable to attack this research paper focuses on the communication security issues in IoT systems. We have proposed an End-to-End Encryption using AES in IoT (EAES-IoT). Validation of the proposed algorithm has been done in a case study of the Smart Voice Pathology Monitoring System (SVPMS) by sending the encoded data to the application layer through Application Programming Interface (API). We compared results to ensure the authenticity of the data and they were found promising. Data access is provided only to authorized individuals by providing a shared key for decryption of the alphanumeric string of data shared between devices. The proposed algorithm will provide future directions to meet security challenges in the IoT.
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