| 1. |
- Glasbey, JC, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 13. |
- Hagström, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Microbial loop in an oligotrophic pelagic marine ecosystem: Possible roles of cyanobacteria and nanoflagellates in the organic fluxes
- 1988
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 49, s. 171-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an attempt to quantify the organic fluxes within the microbial loop of oligotrophicMediterranean water, organic pools and production rates were monitored. The production of cyanobacteriaand its dynamics dominated the overall productivity in the system. The largest standing stock wasthat of the bacterioplankton and its growth consumed 8.3 pg C 1-' d-', hence about 60 % of the primaryproduction was required for bacterial growth. Using the MiniCap technique, we measured a predationon bacteria of 2 6 X 104 bacteria ml-' h-'. This was in good agreement with the bacterial production rateof 2.3 X 104 cells rnl-' h-' Thus, growth and predation were balanced for heterotrophic bacterioplankton.Almost all of this predation on bacteria was due to organisms passing a 12 vm Nuclepore filter. Thisraises the question of what mechanisms channel 60 % of primary production into bacteria. We thereforeoutlined a mass-balance model to illustrate routes that could explain this transfer. According to ourmodel the main flux route is cyanobacteria and concomitantly consumed heterotrophic bacteria carboninto bacterivores. A substantial fraction of the bacterivore and the microplankton carbon is released byexcretion and/or cell lysis, to be used by the heterotrophic bacterioplankton. About 86% of theautotrophic production is balanced by respiration due to heterotrophic bacteria and protozoa, leaving6 % of the primary production to higher trophic levels. This scenario should apply to ecosystems wherebacterial production rate is high and comparable to primary production, and the dominant primaryproducers are cyanobacteria. A significant fraction of the photosynthetically fixed carbon will bemineralized within a simple microbial loop, thus rendering it an energy sink in the foodweb.
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| 14. |
- Kiefer, M., et al.
(författare)
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The SPARC water vapour assessment II: biases and drifts of water vapour satellite data records with respect to frost point hygrometer records
- 2023
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. - 1867-1381 .- 1867-8548. ; 16:19, s. 4589-4642
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Satellite data records of stratospheric water vapour have been compared to balloon-borne frost point hygrometer (FP) profiles that are coincident in space and time. The satellite data records of 15 different instruments cover water vapour data available from January 2000 through December 2016. The hygrometer data are from 27 stations all over the world in the same period. For the comparison, real or constructed averaging kernels have been applied to the hygrometer profiles to adjust them to the measurement characteristics of the satellite instruments. For bias evaluation, we have compared satellite profiles averaged over the available temporal coverage to the means of coincident FP profiles for individual stations. For drift determinations, we analysed time series of relative differences between spatiotemporally coincident satellite and hygrometer profiles at individual stations. In a synopsis we have also calculated the mean biases and drifts (and their respective uncertainties) for each satellite record over all applicable hygrometer stations in three altitude ranges (10-30 hPa, 30-100 hPa, and 100 hPa to tropopause). Most of the satellite data have biases <10 % and average drifts <1 % yr-1 in at least one of the respective altitude ranges. Virtually all biases are significant in the sense that their uncertainty range in terms of twice the standard error of the mean does not include zero. Statistically significant drifts (95 % confidence) are detected for 35 % of the ≈ 1200 time series of relative differences between satellites and hygrometers.
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| 15. |
- Lossow, S., et al.
(författare)
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The SPARC water vapour assessment II: comparison of annual, semi-annual and quasi-biennial variations in stratospheric and lower mesospheric water vapour observed from satellites
- 2017
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1867-1381 .- 1867-8548. ; 10:3, s. 1111-1137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the framework of the second SPARC (Stratosphere-troposphere Processes And their Role in Climate) water vapour assessment (WAVAS-II), the amplitudes and phases of the annual, semi-annual and quasi-biennial variation in stratospheric and lower mesospheric water were compared using 30 data sets from 13 different satellite instruments. These comparisons aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the typical uncertainties in the observational database which can be considered in subsequent observational and modelling studies. For the amplitudes, a good agreement of their latitude and altitude distribution was found. Quantitatively there were differences in particular at high latitudes, close to the tropopause and in the lower mesosphere. In these regions, the standard deviation over all data sets typically exceeded 0.2 ppmv for the annual variation and 0.1 ppmv for the semi-annual and quasi-biennial variation. For the phase, larger differences between the data sets were found in the lower mesosphere. Generally the smallest phase uncertainties can be observed in regions where the amplitude of the variability is large. The standard deviations of the phases for all data sets were typically smaller than a month for the annual and semi-annual variation and smaller than 5 months for the quasi-biennial variation. The amplitude and phase differences among the data sets are caused by a combination of factors. In general, differences in the temporal variation of systematic errors and in the observational sampling play a dominant role. In addition, differences in the vertical resolution of the data, the considered time periods and influences of clouds, aerosols as well as non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) effects cause differences between the individual data sets. .1 Symposia of COSPAR Scientific Commission A, held during the Thirty-first COSPAR Scientific Assembly
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| 16. |
- Lossow, Stefan, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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The SPARC water vapour assessment II: Profile-to-profile comparisons of stratospheric and lower mesospheric water vapour data sets obtained from satellites
- 2019
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1867-1381 .- 1867-8548. ; 12:5, s. 2693-2732
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Within the framework of the second SPARC (Stratosphere-troposphere Processes And their Role in Climate) water vapour assessment (WAVAS-II), profile-to-profile comparisons of stratospheric and lower mesospheric water vapour were performed by considering 33 data sets derived from satellite observations of 15 different instruments. These comparisons aimed to provide a picture of the typical biases and drifts in the observational database and to identify data-set-specific problems. The observational database typically exhibits the largest biases below 70 hPa, both in absolute and relative terms. The smallest biases are often found between 50 and 5 hPa. Typically, they range from 0.25 to 0.5 ppmv (5 % to 10 %) in this altitude region, based on the 50 % percentile over the different comparison results. Higher up, the biases increase with altitude overall but this general behaviour is accompanied by considerable variations. Characteristic values vary between 0.3 and 1 ppmv (4 % to 20 %). Obvious data-set-specific bias issues are found for a number of data sets. In our work we performed a drift analysis for data sets overlapping for a period of at least 36 months. This assessment shows a wide range of drifts among the different data sets that are statistically significant at the 2 σ uncertainty level. In general, the smallest drifts are found in the altitude range between about 30 and 10 hPa. Histograms considering results from all altitudes indicate the largest occurrence for drifts between 0.05 and 0.3 ppmv decade-1. Comparisons of our drift estimates to those derived from comparisons of zonal mean time series only exhibit statistically significant differences in slightly more than 3 % of the comparisons. Hence, drift estimates from profile-to-profile and zonal mean time series comparisons are largely interchangeable. As for the biases, a number of data sets exhibit prominent drift issues. In our analyses we found that the large number of MIPAS data sets included in the assessment affects our general results as well as the bias summaries we provide for the individual data sets. This is because these data sets exhibit a relative similarity with respect to the remaining data sets, despite the fact that they are based on different measurement modes and different processors implementing different retrieval choices. Because of that, we have by default considered an aggregation of the comparison results obtained from MIPAS data sets. Results without this aggregation are provided on multiple occasions to characterise the effects due to the numerous MIPAS data sets. Among other effects, they cause a reduction of the typical biases in the observational database.
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| 21. |
- Andersson, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Release of aminoacids and inorganic nutrients by heterotrophic marine microflagellates
- 1985
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 23, s. 99-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heterotrophic microflagellates isolated from the Baltic Sea and grown under laboratoryconditions were shown to release dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) when grazing bacteria. Flagellatesreleased 3H-amino acids when fed 3H-leucine-labelled bacteria, and concentrations of aminoacids increased in the experimental medium. Serine showed a strong positive correlation withflagellate feeding. Aspartic acid, glutamic acid and ornithine also increased more than other aminoacids. During consumption of bacteria, the flagellates released 13% of the ingested nitrogen asammonia, and 30 % of the ingested phosphorus as phosphate. In a field experiment off Scripps Pier, wemeasured bacterial production, flagellate abundance, and concentration of DFAA over a 28 h period.The concentration of DFAA showed a covariation with the flagellate numbers. Results from our fieldand laboratory experiments suggest that flagellates may be a source of DFAA in the sea.
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| 22. |
- Anwar, Muhammad Waseem, et al.
(författare)
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A Model-Driven Framework for Design and Analysis of Vehicle Suspension Systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: <em>Communications in Computer and Information Science</em>. - Cham : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. - 9783031163012 ; , s. 197-208
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The design and implementation of vehicle suspension systems is complex and time-consuming process that usually leads to production delays. Although different Model Driven Engineering (MDE) technologies like EAST-ADL/AUTOSAR are frequently applied to expedite vehicle development process, a framework particularly dealing with design and analysis of vehicle suspension is hard to find in literature. This rises the need of a framework that not only supports the analysis of suspension system at higher abstraction level but also complements the existing standards like EAST-ADL. In this article, a Model driven framework for Vehicle Suspension System (MVSS) is proposed. Particularly, a meta-model containing major vehicle suspension aspects is introduced. Subsequently, a modeling editor is developed using Eclipse Sirius platform. This allows the modeling of both simple as well as complex vehicle suspension systems with simplicity. Moreover, Object Constraint Language (OCL) is utilized to perform early system analysis in modeling phase. Furthermore, the target MATLAB-Simulink models are generated from source models, using model-to-text transformations, to perform advanced system analysis. The application of proposed framework is demonstrated through real life Audi A6L Hydraulic active suspension use case. The initial results indicate that proposed framework is highly effective for the design and analysis of vehicle suspension systems. In addition to this, the analysis results could be propagated to EAST-ADL toolchains to support full vehicle development workflow.
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| 23. |
- Awais, M., et al.
(författare)
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A Meta-Model for Outcome-Based Education : Streamlining Evaluation Processes
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings Of The 2023 30Th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference, Apsec 2023. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9798350344172 ; , s. 554-558
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Outcome-Based Education (OBE) is widely recognized for its goal-oriented approach in education. The key elements of outcome-based education are learning outcomes which are measured at student, course, program, and institution levels. The evaluation of learning outcomes is usually performed manually in isolation which leads to several issues like assessment delays and impaired judgement. Furthermore, integration of OBE techniques with existing Learning Management System (LMS) becomes impracticable. To handle such issues, in this article, we propose a framework comprising Metamodel for streamlining evaluation processes of OBE. Moreover, a set of text-to-model transformations is implemented for the automatic gen-eration of high-level models from traditional documents containing information about students, courses, grades etc. Furthermore, the model-to-text transformations are implemented to generate the target model in JAVA for the assessment of learning outcomes. This facilitates OBE evaluation straightforwardly. The efficacy of the framework is validated through a case study conducted within the Department of Software Engineering at University of AJK. The results are encouraging, and OBE assessment is successfully performed for software engineering courses.
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| 26. |
- COCHLAN, William P, et al.
(författare)
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SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION OF VIRUSES, BACTERIA AND CHLOROPHYLL-A IN NERITIC, OCEANIC AND ESTUARINE ENVIRONMENTS
- 1993
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - Oldendorf : Inter-Research. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 92:1-2, s. 77-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The spatial distribution of viruses was investigated in the coastal and oceanic waters of the Southern California Bight, USA, and the brackish waters of the Gulf of Bothnia, Sweden, using the direct harvesting technique and transmission electron microscopy. The vertical and horizontal distributions of viruses were examined in relation to bacterial abundance and chlorophyll a. Total virus abundances ranged from 0.3 to 52 X 10(9) l-1; higher concentrations of viruses were found in the upper 50 m of the water column and in coastal environments. Viruses with capsid diameters less than 60 nm dominated the virus community, were morphologically characterized as bacteriophages and were responsible for most of the observed spatial variability. Bacteria abundance alone explained 67 % of the spatial variability in virus numbers, thereby suggesting that bacteria constituted the major host organisms for viruses in these physically diverse habitats.
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| 27. |
- Endrődi, Balázs, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of poly(3-hexylthiophene)/single-walled carbon nanotube array hybrid materials
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry. - : Springer. - 1432-8488 .- 1433-0768. ; 20:11, s. 3179-3187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we demonstrate that by directly employing single-walled carbon nanotube arrays (SWCNT-arrays)-grown on conductive substrates-as working electrodes, selective and uniform electrodeposition of a conducting polymer, namely poly(3-hexylthiophene), can be achieved on the surface of the nanotubes. The overall kinetic pattern of the electrodeposition was studied by separating the deposition charge from the one related to the redox transformation of the polymer film deposited during the precedent cycles. Both the structure and the electrochemical properties of the hybrid materials were studied as a function of the electrodeposition cycles, thus the amount of the formed polymer. The hybrids were characterized by electron microscopic (SEM, TEM) and vibrational spectroscopic (Raman spectroscopy) means. The obtained results were compared and contrasted with those gathered on macroscopic-sized multi-walled carbon nanotube array-based composites in our group recently. Overall, we conclude that electrochemical polymerization is an attractive tool to synthesize conducting polymer/SWCNT hybrid materials with controlled composition and morphology.
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| 28. |
- Feigin, Valery L., et al.
(författare)
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Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- 2021
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - : Elsevier. - 1474-4422 .- 1474-4465. ; 20:10, s. 795-820
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Regularly updated data on stroke and its pathological types, including data on their incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability, risk factors, and epidemiological trends, are important for evidence-based stroke care planning and resource allocation. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) aims to provide a standardised and comprehensive measurement of these metrics at global, regional, and national levels. Methods We applied GBD 2019 analytical tools to calculate stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and the population attributable fraction (PAF) of DALYs (with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) associated with 19 risk factors, for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. These estimates were provided for ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, and all strokes combined, and stratified by sex, age group, and World Bank country income level. Findings In 2019, there were 12.2 million (95% UI 11.0-13.6) incident cases of stroke, 101 million (93.2-111) prevalent cases of stroke, 143 million (133-153) DALYs due to stroke, and 6.55 million (6.00-7.02) deaths from stroke. Globally, stroke remained the second-leading cause of death (11.6% [10.8-12.2] of total deaths) and the third-leading cause of death and disability combined (5.7% [5.1-6.2] of total DALYs) in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the absolute number of incident strokes increased by 70.0% (67.0-73.0), prevalent strokes increased by 85.0% (83.0-88.0), deaths from stroke increased by 43.0% (31.0-55.0), and DALYs due to stroke increased by 32.0% (22.0-42.0). During the same period, age-standardised rates of stroke incidence decreased by 17.0% (15.0-18.0), mortality decreased by 36.0% (31.0-42.0), prevalence decreased by 6.0% (5.0-7.0), and DALYs decreased by 36.0% (31.0-42.0). However, among people younger than 70 years, prevalence rates increased by 22.0% (21.0-24.0) and incidence rates increased by 15.0% (12.0-18.0). In 2019, the age-standardised stroke-related mortality rate was 3.6 (3.5-3.8) times higher in the World Bank low-income group than in the World Bank high-income group, and the age-standardised stroke-related DALY rate was 3.7 (3.5-3.9) times higher in the low-income group than the high-income group. Ischaemic stroke constituted 62.4% of all incident strokes in 2019 (7.63 million [6.57-8.96]), while intracerebral haemorrhage constituted 27.9% (3.41 million [2.97-3.91]) and subarachnoid haemorrhage constituted 9.7% (1.18 million [1.01-1.39]). In 2019, the five leading risk factors for stroke were high systolic blood pressure (contributing to 79.6 million [67.7-90.8] DALYs or 55.5% [48.2-62.0] of total stroke DALYs), high body-mass index (34.9 million [22.3-48.6] DALYs or 24.3% [15.7-33.2]), high fasting plasma glucose (28.9 million [19.8-41.5] DALYs or 20.2% [13.8-29.1]), ambient particulate matter pollution (28.7 million [23.4-33.4] DALYs or 20.1% [16.6-23.0]), and smoking (25.3 million [22.6-28.2] DALYs or 17.6% [16.4-19.0]). Interpretation The annual number of strokes and deaths due to stroke increased substantially from 1990 to 2019, despite substantial reductions in age-standardised rates, particularly among people older than 70 years. The highest age-standardised stroke-related mortality and DALY rates were in the World Bank low-income group. The fastest-growing risk factor for stroke between 1990 and 2019 was high body-mass index. Without urgent implementation of effective primary prevention strategies, the stroke burden will probably continue to grow across the world, particularly in low-income countries.
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| 29. |
- Fuhrman, J.A., et al.
(författare)
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Diel variations in bacterioplankton, phytoplankton, and related parameters in the Southern California Bight.
- 1985
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 27, s. 9-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The principal objectives of this study were (i) to determine the extent of coupling betweenphytoplankton and microheterotrophs on the shelf off Southern California. (ii) to compare differentmeasures of primary and bacterial secondary production, and (iii) to assess whether sampling timesshould be as strictly controlled for microheterotroph as for autotroph studies. Two diel cycles (May andOctober) were studied by sampling an isotherm as the ship followed paired submerged drogues. Wefound significant die1 changes of chlorophyll, 14C bicarbonate incorporation, bacterial abundance andthymidine incorporation, frequency of dividing bacterial cells (FDC), abundance of non-pigmentedflagellates, particulate organic carbon and nitrogen and their ratios, and dissolved oxygen. Theseparameters all had higher values dunng daylight hours than at night, showing close coupling betweenthe phytoplankton (light-forced) and the microheterotrophs. The ratio of in vivo to extractedchlorophyll a fluorescence, however, displayed a maximum at midnight and minimum at midday,suggesting an endogenous rhythm. Primary production measured by the 14C method was similar to netproduction inferred from in situ oxygen changes. Short-lived peaks in FDC values suggested partlysynchronized bacterial division.
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| 33. |
- Hayat, Z., et al.
(författare)
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A Novel Model-driven Framework for the Development of Web-based Geographical Information Systems
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 13th International Conference on Software Technology and Engineering, ICSTE 2023. - : IEEE. - 9798350371475 ; , s. 26-30
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Web-based Geographical Information Systems (Web-GIS) aim to store, analyze, and disseminate geospatial information, enabling effective decision-making. However, their development requires professional expertise and incurs high development costs, resulting in resource limitations for many organizations in developing their own GIS. To address these challenges, we propose a Geo-Location System (GLS) Framework with a Model-driven approach that will ease the developers to automatically develop their customized Web-GIS using Google Maps API. The framework incorporates a GLS meta-model encompassing essential concepts for Web-GIS development and proposes two novel features using OCL constraints to enhance the framework's capabilities. The framework also includes a customized tree editor and a graphical modeling tool that allows the easy modeling and visualization of any complex Web-GIS. Moreover, the framework provides an Acceleo transformation engine that automatically transforms models into executable Web code. The resulting source code is browser-ready without manual modifications. The proposed framework is validated with a real-world case study which demonstrates its effectiveness in reducing the overall development complexity, cost, and time.
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| 34. |
- Horrigan, S.G., et al.
(författare)
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Inorganic nitrogen utilization by assemblages of marine bacteria in seawater culture
- 1988
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 50, s. 147-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stimulation of heterotrophic bacterial growth by inorganic nitrogen (nitrate and ammonium) was observed in natural assemblages of marine bacteria growth in continuous culture with unsupplemented sea water as primary medium. In the presence of nitrogenous supplements, bacterial numbers increased approximately 3-fold. These results indicate that re-evaluation of the role of heterotrophic bacterioplankton in the pelagic nitrogen cycle may be necessary.
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| 35. |
- Latif, A., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Leading Language Parsers - ANTLR, JavaCC, SableCC, Tree-sitter, Yacc, Bison
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings - International Conference on Software Technology and Engineering, ICSTE. - : IEEE. - 9798350371475 ; , s. 7-13
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software engineering applications in domains like embedded systems and health care have increased exponentially during the last few years. Developing, analyzing, and customization of languages is one of the core software engineering aspects. This usually involves lexical, syntactical, and semantic operations, technically termed parsing. For this, several parsers have been introduced in state-of-the-art. However, due to diverse features, selecting a parser for a particular operation during software engineering applications is always problematic. In this article, we identified six leading parsers (i.e., ANTLR, JavaCC, SableCC, Tree-sitter, Yacc, and Bison) from the state-of-the-art. Furthermore, we also identified significant parser features to perform meaningful comparative analysis. Results indicate that ANTLR and JavaCC provide enhanced parsing features, such as the parsing algorithm and the extended grammar notation. However, JavaCC is suitable for simple grammar definition, whereas ANTLR allows specifying complex grammar with multiple alternative paths. The findings of this article are highly beneficial for researchers and practitioners while selecting the right parser to perform specific software engineering tasks.
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| 36. |
- Naito, R., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of social isolation on mortality and morbidity in 20 high-income, middle-income and low-income countries in five continents
- 2021
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Ingår i: Bmj Global Health. - : BMJ. - 2059-7908. ; 6:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To examine the association between social isolation and mortality and incident diseases in middle-aged adults in urban and rural communities from high-income, middle-income and low-income countries. Design Population-based prospective observational study. Setting Urban and rural communities in 20 high income, middle income and low income. Participants 119 894 community-dwelling middle-aged adults. Main outcome measures Associations of social isolation with mortality, cardiovascular death, non-cardiovascular death and incident diseases. Results Social isolation was more common in middle-income and high-income countries compared with low-income countries, in urban areas than rural areas, in older individuals and among women, those with less education and the unemployed. It was more frequent among smokers and those with a poorer diet. Social isolation was associated with greater risk of mortality (HR of 1.26, 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.36), incident stroke (HR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.40), cardiovascular disease (HR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.25) and pneumonia (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.37), but not cancer. The associations between social isolation and mortality were observed in populations in high-income, middle-income and low-income countries (HR (95% CI): 1.69 (1.32 to 2.17), 1.27 (1.15 to 1.40) and 1.47 (1.25 to 1.73), respectively, interaction p=0.02). The HR associated with social isolation was greater in men than women and in younger than older individuals. Mediation analyses for the association between social isolation and mortality showed that unhealthy behaviours and comorbidities may account for about one-fifth of the association. Conclusion Social isolation is associated with increased risk of mortality in countries at different economic levels. The increasing share of older people in populations in many countries argues for targeted strategies to mitigate its adverse effects.
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| 37. |
- Naqvi, S. I., et al.
(författare)
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Tri-band antenna array with defected ground structure for mm-wave 5G applications
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE 4th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems, ICCCS 2019. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ; , s. 590-593
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents a tri-band planar antenna array envisioned for assimilation into future 5G mm-wave wireless communication applications. The proposed assembly comprises of four antenna elements excited by a 1×4 T-junction power divider/Combiner and Defected Ground Structure (DGS). The antenna array presented in this work is modeled on Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with an overall size of 14 × 60 × 0.787 mm3. The frequency bands covered by the antenna system are centered at 29, 37.37 and 41 GHz with 10 dB bandwidths of 1.25, 1.3 and 2.14 GHz respectively. The peak gain attained by the antenna array is 11.8 dB. The proposed design with compact, simple and low profile assembly along with good radiation characteristics ascertains to be appropriate for mobile terminals and handheld wireless devices.
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| 41. |
- Safdar, A., et al.
(författare)
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MoDLF-A Model-Driven Deep Learning Framework for Autonomous Vehicle Perception (AVP)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 25th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS 2022. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. - 9781450394666 ; , s. 187-198
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern vehicles are extremely complex embedded systems that integrate software and hardware from a large set of contributors. Modeling standards like EAST-ADL have shown promising results to reduce complexity and expedite system development. However, such standards are unable to cope with the growing demands of the automotive industry. A typical example of this phenomenon is autonomous vehicle perception (AVP) where deep learning architectures (DLA) are required for computer vision (CV) tasks like real-time object recognition and detection. However, existing modeling standards in the automotive industry are unable to manage such CV tasks at a higher abstraction level. Consequently, system development is currently accomplished through modeling approaches like EAST-ADL while DLA-based CV features for AVP are implemented in isolation at a lower abstraction level. This significantly compromises productivity due to integration challenges. In this article, we introduce MoDLF-A Model-Driven Deep learning Framework to design deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) architectures for AVP tasks. Particularly, Model Driven Architecture (MDA) is leveraged to propose a metamodel along with a conformant graphical modeling workbench to model DCNNs for CV tasks in AVP at a higher abstraction level. Furthermore, Model-To-Text (M2T) transformations are provided to generate executable code for MATLAB® and Python. The framework is validated via two case studies on benchmark datasets for key AVP tasks. The results prove that MoDLF effectively enables model-driven architectural exploration of deep convnets for AVP system development while supporting integration with renowned existing standards like EAST-ADL.
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| 42. |
- SHELDON, RW, et al.
(författare)
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NANOPLANKTON AND PICOPLANKTON GROWTH AND PRODUCTION IN THE BAY OF VILLEFRANCHE-SUR-MER (NW MEDITERRANEAN)
- 1992
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Ingår i: Hydrobiologia. - 0018-8158 .- 1573-5117. ; 241:2, s. 91-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plankton production in the Bay of Villefranche was relatively constant during March and April 1986 but the particle size at which the production occurred was more variable. At the beginning of the study, production was dominated by the larger (ca. 6 mum) flagellates but towards the end it was more or less equally divided between the nano- and picoplankton. There were considerable differences in the estimates of population growth rates, depending on the methods used, but on average the population doubling times were close to 12 hours for autotrophs and 24 hours for heterotrophs. As autotrophs do not grow during the night, each population was therefore doubling once per day. It seemed that each of the nano- or picoplankton populations could adversely affect the growth of the others. This could be either by simple predation or by some form of inhibition. Although nutrient levels in the bay were uniformly low, the addition of nutrients did not always stimulate algal growth. The plankton populations seemed to be both in a state of equilibrium and intense ecological competition.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Uddin, Jia, et al.
(författare)
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Performance analysis of multicarrier code division multiple access over Rayleigh fading channel
- 2012
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials Research. - Shenyang, Liaoning : Trans Tech Publications. - 9783037853559 ; , s. 985-988
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, multi-carrier transmission schemes have been introduced into Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems to gain advantages for high data rate transmission as well as security. Due to pseudorandom code there is no chance to Inter Symbol Interference (ISI). There are different techniques to mitigate multipath fading. One of the method is to transmit identical narrowband direct-sequence (DS) waveforms in parallel over a number of sub-channels using frequency diversity. Implementation this multi-carrier modulation technique in CDMA system is known as multi-carrier CDMA (MC-CDMA). In Rayleigh fading channel, due to multi-carrier modulation, when one subcarrier goes deep fade another subcarrier may remain safe. Therefore it combats multi-path fading and signal can be received in low bit error rate.
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| 45. |
- Wikner, Johan, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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NUCLEIC-ACIDS FROM THE HOST BACTERIUM AS A MAJOR SOURCE OF NUCLEOTIDES FOR 3 MARINE BACTERIOPHAGES
- 1993
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiology Ecology. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0168-6496 .- 1574-6941. ; 12:4, s. 237-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incorporation of P-32-phosphorus into marine bacteriophage nucleic acid was studied in culture experiments to investigate the source of nucleotides used by the phage. We consistently found that the P-32-specific activity in the phage genome increased during the 11 h incubation and was low relative to the specific activity in the medium, averaging 21% (+/- SD 5.9) for the three phage isolates. This was in accordance with a mathematical model where most of the nucleotides for phage DNA synthesis were derived from the host cell nucleic acid rather than de novo synthesis. We propose that this metabolic strategy may be common among marine phages, as an adaptation to a nutrient poor environment. Consequently, the contribution of free DNA to the dissolved fraction through phage lysis of bacteria, may be less that previously thought. Also during radiolabelling of bacteriophages in natural water samples, isotope dilution may be dependent on the specific growth rate of the bacterial host.
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| 46. |
- Zahid, R., et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing End-to-End Communication Security in IoT Devices Through Application Layer Protocol
- 2022
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Ingår i: Communications in Computer and Information Science. - Cham : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. - 9783031163012 ; , s. 148-159
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Internet of Things (IoT) has combined the hardware components with software elements by providing users with remote control and management facilities. From safety-critical systems to security devices and industrial appliances, every appliance makes use of IoTs. Whereas security issues such as SQL injections, Denial of Service/Distributed Denial of Service (DOS/DDOS) attacks, the forged transmission of messages, or man in the middle (MITM) are major security threats among smart devices. Any purging of data causes privacy issues while the subsequent assessments made using modified information are also erroneous. This security hole needs comprehensive non-cryptographic data-security techniques and frameworks which would help developers in creating secure systems on heterogeneous devices. Algorithms like blowfish and Data Encryption Standard (DES) do not have the uniquity which AES does, making them more vulnerable to attack this research paper focuses on the communication security issues in IoT systems. We have proposed an End-to-End Encryption using AES in IoT (EAES-IoT). Validation of the proposed algorithm has been done in a case study of the Smart Voice Pathology Monitoring System (SVPMS) by sending the encoded data to the application layer through Application Programming Interface (API). We compared results to ensure the authenticity of the data and they were found promising. Data access is provided only to authorized individuals by providing a shared key for decryption of the alphanumeric string of data shared between devices. The proposed algorithm will provide future directions to meet security challenges in the IoT.
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